Application/Control Number: 11/333,400
`Art Unit: 2432
`
`Page 8
`
`24, 28 and 36. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of
`
`claim 21, wherein the dynamic code includes a non—predictable and time—dependent
`
`SecureCode (see, e.g., col. 2, lines 12-20, where “a short expiration term" means that
`
`the transaction code is time—dependent).
`
`25, 29 and 37. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of
`
`claim 21, wherein at least the dynamic code is encrypted (see, e.g., col. 6, line 66+,
`
`where the cryptographic module for secure communication between the customer and
`
`issuing bank indicates that the transaction code is encrypted when it is transmitted).
`
`27 and 35. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim
`
`26, wherein the static and dynamic code comprise credentials for verifying the
`
`individual's identity (see, e.g., col. 8, lines 6-14 and col. 8, lines 57-65).
`
`30. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 26,
`
`wherein the entity corresponds to a business, organization, or another individual (see,
`
`e.g., Column 3, lines 39-41).
`
`43 and 48. (Currently Amended) The computer implemented method according
`
`to claim 41, wherein the entity and the trusted authenticator are different (see, e.g., Fig.
`
`3, merchant is the entity and bank is the trusted authenticator).
`
`361
`
`

`
`Application/Control Number: 11/333,400
`Art Unit: 2432
`
`44, 49 and 54. (Previously Presented)The computer implemented method
`
`according to claim 41, wherein said dynamic code is calculated by a computer after
`
`receiving the request from the individual for the dynamic code (see, e.g., col. 8, lines 57-
`
`67).
`
`45, 50 and 55. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method
`
`according to claim 41, wherein said dynamic code comprises a different value each time
`
`the dynamic code is requested by the individual (see, e.g., col. 4, lines 50-55, random
`
`temporary transaction number).
`
`52. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method according to
`
`claim 51, further comprising:
`
`sending electronically a confirmation or denial authentication message by a
`
`computer to the entity during authentication of the individual by the entity (see, e.g., col.
`
`11, lines 14-30).
`
`Regarding claims 56, 57 and 62, these claims are rejected as applied to the like
`
`elements of claims 21, 26, 27, 34, 35, 41, 45,46, 50,51 and 55.
`
`Regarding claim 64, Franklin discloses:
`
`362
`
`

`
`Application/Control Number: 11/333,400
`Art Unit: 2432
`
`Page 10
`
`(New) The computer implemented method according to claim 62, wherein said
`
`dynamic code is valid for a predefined time and may be used by the individual before
`
`becoming invalid (see, e.g., col. 9, lines 43-47).
`
`Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
`
`The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103(a) which forms the basis for all
`
`obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
`
`(a) A patent may not be obtained though the invention is not identically disclosed or described as set
`forth in section 102 of this title, if the differences between the subject matter sought to be patented and
`the prior art are such that the subject matter as a whole would have been obvious at the time the
`invention was made to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which said subject matter pertains.
`Patentability shall not be negatived by the manner in which the invention was made.
`
`The factual inquiries set forth in Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 148
`
`USPQ 459 (1966), that are applied for establishing a background for determining
`
`obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103(a) are summarized as follows:
`
`1.
`2.
`3.
`4.
`
`Determining the scope and contents of the prior art.
`Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue.
`Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art.
`Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating
`obviousness or nonobviousness.
`
`Claims 42, 47, 58, 53 and 63 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103(a) as being
`
`unpatentable over Franklin et al (US 5,883,810 A); hereinafter Franklin in view of
`
`the examiner Official Notice.
`
`Regarding claims 42, 47, 58, 53 and 63, Franklin does not expressly disclose:
`
`wherein the entity and the trusted authenticator are the same.
`
`363
`
`

`
`Application/Control Number: 11/333,400
`Art Unit: 2432
`
`Official Notice is taken that it is old and well—known practice in the art that some
`
`institutions such as banks that maintain users’ accounts, the providers of email services
`
`to users and some of the department stores which provide their own credit cards to the
`
`customers, directly authenticate the users when the users requires services or
`
`accessing their web sites, without receiving authentication services from a third party.
`
`Whenever users and customers logging on to their banks web sites, or their provider’s
`
`website for email services or a customer purchasing goods using a department store’s
`
`credit card, the users or customers are authenticated directly by the respective
`
`institution. In this case the entity and the trusted authenticator are the same institution
`
`that having an account for the user or the customer. Therefore, it would have been
`
`obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art at the time of the invention was made to
`
`modify the system of Franklin to have one institution to be as the same trusted
`
`authenticator and entity. The deployment of one institution to issue a dynamic code to
`
`and authenticate the user when using the dynamic code would make the system of
`
`Franklin a versatile and a flexible system, in another word a scalable system.
`
`Conclusion
`
`THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. Applicant is reminded of the extension of time
`
`policy as set forth in 37 CFR1.136( ).
`
`A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE
`
`MONTHS from the mailing date of this action.
`
`In the event a first reply is filed within
`
`TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not
`
`364
`
`

`
`Application/Control Number: 11/333,400
`Art Unit: 2432
`
`Page 12
`
`mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the
`
`shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any
`
`extension fee pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of
`
`the advisory action.
`
`In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later
`
`than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action.
`
`Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the
`
`examiner should be directed to ABDULHAKIM NOBAHAR whose telephone number is
`
`(571)272-3808. The examiner can normally be reached on M-T 8-6.
`
`If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s
`
`supervisor, Gilberto Barron can be reached on 571-272-3799. The fax phone number
`
`for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300.
`
`Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the
`
`Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for
`
`published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR.
`
`Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only.
`
`For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should
`
`you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic
`
`Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a
`
`USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information
`
`system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000.
`
`Abdulhakim Nobahar
`Examiner
`Art Unit 2432
`
`365
`
`

`
`Application/Control Number: 11/333,400
`Art Unit: 2432
`
`/A. N./
`
`Examiner, Art Unit 2432
`
`/Jung Kim/
`Primary Examiner, AU 2432
`
`366
`
`

`
`Application/Control No.
`
`Index Of C/aim-9
`
`11333400
`
`App|icant(s)/Patent Under
`Reexamination
`
`ASGHAR|—KAMRAN| ET AL.
`
`Examiner
`
`ABDULHAKIM NOBAHAR
`
`\/
`
`Reiected
`
`Cancelled
`
`Non-Elected
`
`Appeal
`
`Allowed
`
`:
`
`Restricted
`
`Interference
`
`Obiected
`
`El Claims renumbered in the same order as presented by applicant
`
`El CPA
`
`El T.D.
`
`CLAIM
`
`Final
`
`Original
`1
`
`09/02/2008 03/01/2009 06/15/2009 12/01/2009 06/20/2010 09/16/2010 01/11/2011
`
`HH
`
`DATE
`
` \\\\\\
`S'\<\\\\\\\\\\
`\I..
`\ \I\\\
`\\‘\\\\
`\’\\
`
`’\
`
`\
`
`H\\\I
`
`\
`<\
`
`9 1
`
`0
`1 1
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`1 7
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`23
`24
`25
`26
`27
`28
`29
`30
`31
`32
`33
`34
`35
`36
`
`U.S. Patent and "rademark Office
`
`Parl of Paper No.
`
`: 20110111
`
`367
`
`

`
`Application/Control No.
`
`Index Of C/aim-9
`
`11333400
`
`App|icant(s)/Patent Under
`Reexamination
`
`ASGHAR|—KAMRAN| ET AL.
`
`Examiner
`
`ABDULHAKIM NOBAHAR
`
`\/
`
`Reiected
`
`Cancelled
`
`Non-Elected
`
`Appeal
`
`Allowed
`
`:
`
`Restricted
`
`Interference
`
`Obiected
`
`El Claims renumbered in the same order as presented by applicant
`
`El CPA
`
`El T.D.
`
`CLAIM
`
`DATE
`
`Final
`
`09/02/2008 03/01/2009 06/15/2009 12/01/2009 06/20/2010 09/16/2010 01/11/2011
`\/
`V
`-
`
`Original
`37
`38
`39
`40
`41
`42
`43
`44
`45
`46
`47
`48
`49
`50
`
`\\‘x
`‘\\\
` H\\
` \\\
` 51
`52
`53
` 54
`55
`56
`\
`57
`58
`59
`60
`61
`62
`63
`64
`
`\
`
`\\\\\<\\\\\\\\\\\\
`
`K\\\\\\
`
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
`
`Parl of Paper No.
`
`: 20110111
`
`368
`
`

`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COIVIIVIERCE
`United States Patent and Trzulenlark O|TiL'e
`Address: COMMISSIONER FOR PATENTS
`I’ 0 Box 1430
`Alexandria Virginia 22313-1450
`www uspto gov
`
`APPLICATION NO.
`
`FILING DATE
`
`F {ST NAMED INVENTOR
`
`ATTORNEY DOCKET NO.
`
`CONFIRMATION NO.
`
`11/333,400
`
`01/18/2006
`
`Nader Asgha.ri—Kamrani
`
`KAMROOIUSO
`
`4456
`
`53293
`7590
`11/19/2010
`FORTKORT&HOUSTONP.C.
`9442 N. CAPITAL OF TEXAS HIGHWAY
`ARBORETUM PI 1A7A ONE, SUITE 500
`AUSTIN, TX 73759
`
`NOBAHAK ABDULHAKIM
`
`M32
`
`MAIL DATE
`
`1 1/19/2010
`
`DELIVERY MODE
`
`PAPER
`
`Please find below and/or attached an Office communication concerning this application or proceeding.
`
`The time period for reply, if any, is set in the attached communication.
`
`PTOL—90A (Rev. 04/07)
`
`369
`
`

`
`,
`Interview Summary
`
`11/333,400
`Examiner
`
`ASGHARI-KAM RANI ET AL.
`Art Unit
`
`Application No.
`
`Applicant(s)
`
`ABDULHAKIM NOBAHAR
`
`2432
`
`All participants (applicant, app|icant’s representative, PTO personnel):
`
`(1) ABDULHAKIM NOBAHAR.
`
`(3)Mr. Nader Asghari—Kamrani.
`
`(2) Mr. Michael P. Fortkort, Reg. No. 35,141.
`
`(4)Mr. Kamran Asghari—Kamrani.
`
`Date of Interview: 10 November 2010.
`
`b)I:I Video Conference
`Type: a)I:I Telephonic
`c)IZ Personal [copy given to: 1)I:I applicant
`
`2)I:I applicant's representative]
`
`Exhibit shown or demonstration conducted:
`If Yes, brief description:
`
`d)I:I Yes
`
`e)IZ No.
`
`C|aim(s) discussed: fl.
`
`Identification of prior art discussed: 5 883 810.
`
`Agreement with respect to the claims f)I:I was reached. g)I:I was not reached.
`
`h)IZI N/A.
`
`Substance of Interview including description of the general nature of what was agreed to if an agreement was
`reached, or any other comments: Mr. Fortkort discussed the elements recited in claim 21 in view of the Qrior art
`Franklin et al and stated that the differences of claimed invention and the Qrior art will be further explained in the
`aQQlicants' resgonse to the Office Action.
`
`(A fuller description, if necessary, and a copy of the amendments which the examiner agreed would render the claims
`allowable, if available, must be attached. Also, where no copy of the amendments that would render the claims
`allowable is available, a summary thereof must be attached.)
`
`THE FORMAL WRITTEN REPLY TO THE LAST OFFICE ACTION MUST INCLUDE THE SUBSTANCE OF THE
`
`INTERVIEW. (See MPEP Section 713.04). Ifa reply to the last Office action has already been filed, APPLICANT IS
`GIVEN A NON-EXTENDABLE PERIOD OF THE LONGER OF ONE MONTH OR THIRTY DAYS FROM THIS
`INTERVIEW DATE, OR THE MAILING DATE OF THIS INTERVIEW SUMMARY FORM, WHICHEVER IS LATER, TO
`FILE A STATEMENT OF THE SUBSTANCE OF THE INTERVIEW. See Summary of Record of Interview
`requirements on reverse side or on attached sheet.
`
`/Abdulhakim Nobaharl
`Examiner, Art Unit 2432
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
`PTOL-413 (Rev. 04-03)
`
`Interview Summary
`
`Paper No. 20101112
`
`370
`
`

`
`Manual of Patent Examining Procedure (MPEP), Section 713.04, Substance of Interview Must be Made of Record
`A complete written statement as to the substance of any face-to-face, video conference, or telephone interview with regard to an application must be made of record in the
`application whether or not an agreement with the examiner was reached at the interview.
`
`Summary of Record of Interview Requirements
`
`Title 37 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) § 1.133 Interviews
`Paragraph (b)
`
`In every instance where reconsideration is requested in view of an interview with an examiner, a complete written statement of the reasons presented at the interview as
`warranting favorable action must be filed by the applicant. An interview does not remove the necessity for reply to Office action as specified in §§ 1.111, 1.135. (35 U.S.C. 132)
`
`37 CFR §1.2 Business to be transacted in writing.
`All business with the Patent or Trademark Office should be transacted in writing. The personal attendance of applicants or their attorneys or agents at the Patent and
`Trademark Office is unnecessary. The action of the Patent and Trademark Office will be based exclusively on the written record in the Office. No attention will be paid to
`any alleged oral promise, stipulation, or understanding in relation to which there is disagreement or doubt.
`
`The action of the Patent and Trademark Office cannot be based exclusively on the written record in the Office if that record is itself
`incomplete through the failure to record the substance of interviews.
`It is the responsibility of the applicant or the attorney or agent to make the substance of an interview of record in the application file, unless
`the examiner indicates he or she will do so.
`It is the examiner‘s responsibility to see that such a record is made and to correct material inaccuracies
`which bear directly on the question of patentability.
`
`Examiners must complete an Interview Summary Form for each interview held where a matter of substance has been discussed during the
`interview by checking the appropriate boxes and filling in the blanks. Discussions regarding only procedural matters, directed solely to restriction
`requirements for which interview recordation is otherwise provided for in Section 812.01 of the Manual of Patent Examining Procedure, or pointing
`out typographical errors or unreadable script in Office actions or the like, are excluded from the interview recordation procedures below. Where the
`substance of an interview is completely recorded in an Examiners Amendment, no separate Interview Summary Record is required.
`
`The Interview Summary Form shall be given an appropriate Paper No., placed in the right hand portion of the file, and listed on the
`“Contents" section of the file wrapper.
`In a personal interview, a duplicate of the Form is given to the applicant (or attorney or agent) at the
`conclusion of the interview.
`In the case of a telephone or video—conference interview, the copy is mailed to the applicant's correspondence address
`either with or prior to the next official communication. If additional correspondence from the examiner is not likely before an allowance or if other
`circumstances dictate, the Form should be mailed promptly after the interview rather than with the next official communication.
`
`The Form provides for recordation of the following information:
`Application Number (Series Code and Serial Number)
`Name of applicant
`Name of examiner
`Date of interview
`Type of interview (telephonic, video—conference, or personal)
`Name of participant(s) (applicant, attorney or agent, examiner, other PTO personnel, etc.)
`An indication whether or not an exhibit was shown or a demonstration conducted
`An identification of the specific prior art discussed
`An indication whether an agreement was reached and if so, a description of the general nature of the agreement (may be by
`attachment of a copy of amendments or claims agreed as being allowable). Note: Agreement as to allowability is tentative and does
`not restrict further action by the examiner to the contrary.
`The signature of the examiner who conducted the interview (if Form is not an attachment to a signed Office action)
`
`It is desirable that the examiner orally remind the applicant of his or her obligation to record the substance of the interview of each case. It
`should be noted, however, that the Interview Summary Form will not normally be considered a complete and proper recordation of the interview
`unless it includes, or is supplemented by the applicant or the examiner to include, all of the applicable items required below concerning the
`substance of the interview.
`A complete and proper recordation of the substance of any interview should include at least the following applicable items:
`1) A brief description of the nature of any exhibit shown or any demonstration conducted,
`2) an identification of the claims discussed,
`3) an identification of the specific prior art discussed,
`4) an identification of the principal proposed amendments of a substantive nature discussed, unless these are already described on the
`Interview Summary Form completed by the Examiner,
`5) a brief identification of the general thrust of the principal arguments presented to the examiner,
`(The identification of arguments need not be lengthy or elaborate. A verbatim or highly detailed description of the arguments is not
`required. The identification of the arguments is sufficient if the general nature or thrust of the principal arguments made to the
`examiner can be understood in the context of the application file. Of course, the applicant may desire to emphasize and fully
`describe those arguments which he or she feels were or might be persuasive to the examiner.)
`6) a general indication of any other pertinent matters discussed, and
`7) if appropriate, the general results or outcome of the interview unless already described in the Interview Summary Form completed by
`the examiner.
`Examiners are expected to carefully review the applicant's record of the substance of an interview.
`accurate, the examiner will give the applicant an extendable one month time period to correct the record.
`
`If the record is not complete and
`
`Examiner to Check for Accuracy
`
`If the claims are allowable for other reasons of record, the examiner should send a letter setting forth the examiner's version of the
`statement attributed to him or her.
`If the record is complete and accurate, the examiner should place the indication, “Interview Record OK" on the
`paper recording the substance of the interview along with the date and the examiner‘s initials.
`
`371
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent Application No. 11/333,400
`Attorney Docket No. KAMR001USO
`
`Certification Under 37 C.F.R. S 1.8
`
`Ihereby certify that on November 18, 2010 this correspondence is being: (a) deposited with the
`United States Postal Service in an envelope addressed to Commissioner for Patents, P.O. Box
`1450, Alexandria, Virginia 22313-1450; or (b) transmitted via facsimile to facsimile number
`571-273-8300; or (c) electronically filed with the U.S. Patent Office.
`
`Date: November 18 2010
`
`Signature:
`
`/Michael P. Fortkort/
`Michael P. Fortkort
`(Reg. No. 35,141)
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`APPLICANT: NADER ASGHARI-KAMRANI and KAMRAN ASGHARI-KAMRANI
`
`SERIAL NO.: 11/333,400
`
`FILING DATE: January 18, 2006
`
`EXAMINER: Mr. Abdulhakim Nobahar
`
`ART UNIT: 2432
`
`TITLE: DIRECT AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD VIA TRUSTED
`AU THEN TICATORS
`
`ATTORNEY DOCKET: KAMR001USO
`
`CONFIRMATION NO.: 4456
`
`VIA ELECTRONIC FILING SYSTEM
`ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER FOR PATENTS
`
`WASHINGTON, D.C. 20231
`
`INTERVIEW SUMMARY
`
`The Applicants wish to thank Examiner Abdulhakim Nobahar for meeting with them and
`
`their representative on November 10, 2010 as part of an Interview. During the interview, the
`
`Applicants described the development of their invention and discussed the applicability of the
`
`main reference, Franklin et al., to the claims at issue. The Applicants noted that the Franklin et
`
`372
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent Application No. 11/333,400
`Attorney Docket No. KAMR00lUSO
`
`al. reference does not relate to authentication of an individual but rather to authorization of a
`
`credit card transaction, and thus the claims were not anticipated by Franklin et al. No final
`
`agreement was reached regarding the claims and the rejections.
`
`CONCLUSION
`
`The Applicant respectfully submits this application is in condition for allowance and
`
`requests issuance of a Notice of Allowance.
`
`Although not believed necessary, the Office is hereby authorized to charge any fees
`
`required under 37 C.F.R. § 1.16 or § 1.17 or credit any overpayments to the deposit account of
`
`MICHAEL P FORTKORT PC, Deposit Account No. 50-3776.
`
`In the event the prosecution of this Application can be efficiently advanced by a phone
`
`discussion, it is requested that the undersigned attorney be called at (703) 435-9390.
`
`Respectfully submitted,
`
`By
`
`/Michael P. Fortkort/
`Michael P. Fortkort
`
`(Reg. No. 35,141)
`
`Date: November 18. 2010
`
`MICHAEL P FORTKORT PC
`The International Law Center
`
`13164 Lazy Glen Lane
`Oak Hill, Virginia 20171
`
`Please direct telephone calls to:
`Michael P. Fortkort
`703-435-9390
`
`703-435-8857 (facsimile)
`
`373
`
`

`
`Electronic Acknowledgement Receipt
`
`EFS ID:
`
`8870672
`
`Application Number:
`
`11333400
`
`Title of Invention:
`
`Direct authentication system and method via trusted authenticators
`
`First Named Inventor/Applicant Name:
`
`Nader Asghari-Kamrani
`
`Filer Authorized By:
`
`Attorney Docket Number:
`
`KAMR001 USO
`
`Receipt Date:
`
`18-NOV-2010
`
`Application Type:
`
`Utility under 35 USC111(a)
`
`Payment information:
`
`Document
`Number
`
`Document Description
`
`Applicant summary of interview with
`examiner
`
`|nterview_Summary_11333400
`_111810.pdf
`
`Pages
`Multi
`Part /.zip (ifapp|.)
`
`File Size(Bytes)l
`Message Digest
`18092
`
`7(X77F}§rlaatlX376l')9rla797dh99F~l4rl 3Faf
`2141)
`
`Warnings:
`Information:
`
`374
`
`

`
`Total Files Size (in bytes)
`
`This Acknowledgement Receipt evidences receipt on the noted date by the USPTO of the indicated documents,
`characterized by the applicant, and including page counts, where applicable. It serves as evidence of receipt similar to a
`Post Card, as described in MPEP 503.
`
`New Applications Under 35 U.S.C. 111
`If a new application is being filed and the application includes the necessary components for a filing date (see 37 CFR
`1.53(b)-(d) and MPEP 506), a Filing Receipt (37 CFR 1.54) will be issued in due course and the date shown on this
`Acknowledgement Receipt will establish the filing date of the application.
`
`National Stage of an International Application under 35 U.S.C. 371
`If a timely submission to enter the national stage of an international application is compliant with the conditions of 35
`U.S.C. 371 and other applicable requirements a Form PCT/DO/EOI903 indicating acceptance of the application as a
`national stage submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 will be issued in addition to the Filing Receipt, in due course.
`
`New International Application Filed with the USPTO as a Receiving Office
`If a new international application is being filed and the international application includes the necessary components for
`an international filing date (see PCT Article 11 and MPEP 1810), a Notification of the International Application Number
`and ofthe International Filing Date (Form PCT/RO/105) will be issued in due course, subject to prescriptions concerning
`national security, and the date shown on this Acknowledgement Receipt will establish the international filing date of
`the application.
`
`375
`
`

`
`U.S. Patent Application No. 11/333,400
`Attorney Docket No. KAMR001USO
`
`Certification Under 37 C.F.R. S 1.8
`
`Ihereby certify that on November 12, 2010 this correspondence is being: (a) deposited with the
`United States Postal Service in an envelope addressed to Commissioner for Patents, P.O. Box
`1450, Alexandria, Virginia 22313-1450; or (b) transmitted via facsimile to facsimile number
`571-273-8300; or (C) electronically filed with the U.S. Patent Office.
`
`Date: November 12 2010
`
`Signature:
`
`/Michael P. Fortkort/
`Michael P. Fortkort
`(Reg. No. 35,141)
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT & TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`APPLICANT: NADER ASGHARI-KAMRANI and KAMRAN ASGHARI-KAMRANI
`
`SERIAL NO.: 11/333,400
`
`FILING DATE: January 18, 2006
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`EXAMINER: Mr. Abdulhakim Nobahar
`
`ART UNIT: 2432
`
`TITLE: DIRECT AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD VIA TRUSTED
`AU THEN TICATORS
`
`ATTORNEY DOCKET: KAMR001USO
`
`CONFIRMATION NO.: 4456
`
`VIA ELECTRONIC FILING SYSTEM
`ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER FOR PATENTS
`
`WASHINGTON, D.C. 20231
`
`Sir:
`
`RESPONSE TO OFFICE ACTION
`
`In response to the Office Action mailed September 21, 2010, the Applicants hereby
`
`respectfully submit the following amendments and remarks:
`
`Amendments to the Claims begin on page 2.
`
`Remarks begin on page 15.
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`

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`U.S. Patent Application No. 11/333,400
`Attorney Docket No. KAMR00lUSO
`
`In the Claims:
`
`Please amend the claims as follows:
`
`1-20.
`
`(Cancelled)
`
`21. (Previously Presented) A computer implemented method to authenticate an
`
`individual in communication with an entity over a communication network during
`
`communication between the entity and the individual, the computer implemented method
`
`comprising:
`
`receiving electronically a request for a dynamic code for the individual, which request is
`
`received during authentication of the individual by the entity;
`
`calculating the dynamic code for the individual in response to the request during
`
`authentication of the individual by the entity;
`
`sending electronically the dynamic code to the individual during authentication of the
`
`individual by the entity;
`
`receiving electronically an authentication request to authenticate the individual based on a
`
`user information and the dynamic code included in the authentication request; and
`
`verifying an identity of the individual based on the user information and the dynamic
`
`code included in the authentication request.
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`22. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 21, wherein the
`
`request for the dynamic code is received by a computer associated with a first trusted-
`
`377
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`

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`U.S. Patent Application No. 11/333,400
`Attorney Docket No. KAMR00lUSO
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`authenticator and the authentication request is received by the first trusted—authenticator.
`
`23. (Currently Amended) The computer implemented method of claim 21, wherein the
`
`request for the dynamic code is received by a computer associated with $9 a_first trusted-
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`authenticator and the authentication request is received by a computer associated with a second
`
`t1usted—authenticator that is different than the first tiusted—authenticator.
`
`24. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 21, wherein the
`
`dynamic code includes a non—predictable and time—dependent SecureCode.
`
`25. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 21, wherein at
`
`least the dynamic code is encrypted.
`
`26. (Previously Presented) A computer implemented method for an entity to authenticate
`
`an individual over a communication network during communication with the individual, the
`
`method comprising:
`
`requesting electronically both a user information and a dynamic code from the individual
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`in order to validate the individual’ s identity during communication with the individual, which
`
`individual obtains the dynamic code from a computer associated with a tmsted—authenticator
`
`during the communication between the individual and the entity;
`
`receiving electronically both the user information and the dynamic code from the
`
`individual; and
`
`378
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`

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`U.S. Patent Application No. 11/333,400
`Attorney Docket No. KAMR00lUSO
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`creating an authentication request message including both the user information and the
`
`received dynamic code and providing the authentication request message to a trusted-
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`authenticator, the trusted—authenticator authenticating the individual based on a combination of
`
`the user information and the received dynamic code.
`
`27. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 26, wherein the
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`user information and the dynamic code comprise credentials for verifying the individual’s
`
`identity.
`
`28. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 26, wherein the
`
`dynamic code includes a non—predictable and time—dependent SecureCode.
`
`29. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 26, wherein at
`
`least the dynamic code is encrypted.
`
`30. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 26, wherein the
`
`entity corresponds to a business, organization, or another individual.
`
`31. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 26, wherein a
`
`computer associated with a first trusted—authenticator calculates the dynamic code and provides
`
`the dynamic code to the individual during communication between the individual and the entity.
`
`379
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`

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`U.S. Patent Application No. 11/333,400
`Attorney Docket No. KAMR00lUSO
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`32. (Cancelled)
`
`33. (Cancelled)
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`34. (Previously Presented) A computer implemented method for a website to authenticate
`
`an individual over a communication network duiing a communication session between the
`
`individual and the website, the computer implemented method comprising:
`
`requesting by a computer associated with the website both a user information and a
`
`dynamic code from the individual in order to validate the individual’ s identity;
`
`receiving both the user information and the dynamic code from the individual, which
`
`individual receives the dynamic code during the communication session between the individual
`
`and the website; and
`
`creating an authentication request message including the user information and the
`
`dynamic code and providing the authentication request message to a first computer associated
`
`with a trusted—authenticator, the trusted authenticator authenticating the individual based on the
`
`user information and the dynamic code.
`
`35. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 34, wherein the
`
`user information and the dynamic code comprise credentials for verifying the individual’s
`
`identity.
`
`36. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 34, wherein the
`
`380
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`

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`U.S. Patent Application No. 11/333,400
`Attorney Docket No. KAMR00lUSO
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`dynamic code includes a non—predictable and time—dependent SecureCode.
`
`37. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 34, wherein at
`
`least the dynamic code is encrypted.
`
`38. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method of claim 34, wherein a
`
`second computer associated with the trusted—authenticator calculates the dynamic code and
`
`provides the dynamic code to the individual during the communication session between the
`
`individual and the website.
`
`39. (Cancelled)
`
`40. (Cancelled)
`
`4l. (Currently Amended) A computer implemented method for authenticating an
`
`individual in communication with an entity over a communication network during
`
`communication between the entity and the individual, the method comprising:
`
`receiving by a computer associated with the entity a dynamic code during authentication
`
`of the individual by the entity, which said dynamic code was sent to the individual by a med
`
`%% trusted—authenticator in response to a request for a th_edynamic code from the
`
`trusted—authenticator during authentication of the individual by the entity
`
`and was calculated by the
`
`. -
`
`:
`
`-
`
`-:
`
`trusted—authenticator during authentication of the
`
`381
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`U.S. Patent Application No. 11/333,400
`Attorney Docket No. KAMR00lUSO
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`individual by the entity;
`
`sending electronically by the entity an authentication request to a "
`
`-
`
`trusted—authenticator to authenticate the individual based on a user information and a received
`
`dynamic code included in the authentication request, wherein said authentication request is sent
`
`during authentication of the individual by the entity; and
`
`receiving electronically by the entity a message from the -
`
`: .
`
`-
`
`-
`
`'
`
`:
`
`-
`
`trusted-
`
`authenticator either confirming or denying an identity of the individual based on the user
`
`information and the received dynamic code included in the authentication request from the entity
`
`during the time of authentication of the individual by the entity.
`
`42. (Currently Amended) The computer implemented method according to claim 41,
`
`wherein the entity and the tmsted—authe11ticator are the same.
`
`43. (Currently Amended) The computer implemented method according to claim 41,
`
`wherein the entity and th
`
`: .
`
`-
`
`A
`
`"
`
`:
`
`-
`
`trusted—authenticator are different.
`
`44. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented method according to claim 41,
`
`wherein said dynamic code is calculated after receiving the request from the individual for the
`
`dynamic code.
`
`45. (Previously Presented) The computer implemented meth