APPENDIX D
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`TRADING TECH EXHIBIT 2186
`IBG ET AL. v. TRADING TECH
`CBM2016-00032
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`‘No. 7I4,878.
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`J.F.DURYEA.
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`Patehtad Dec. 2, I902.
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`‘STEERING MECHANISM FOR VEHICLES.
`(Application filed May 10, 1900.)
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`(No Model.)
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`(Application filed Kay 10, 1900.)
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`No, 7|4,878.
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`J. .F. DURYEA.
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`Patented Dog. 2,.l9'_02. "
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`STEERING MECHANISM FOR VEHICLES.
`(Appxicaitxon filed my 1o,'19oo.)
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`3 Sheets——Shoet 3,’
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`UNlTED STATES» PATENT OFFICE.
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`JAMES FRANK DURYEA, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.
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`STEERING MECHANISM ‘FOR VEHICLES.
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`SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 714,878, dated December 2, 1902.
`Application filed May 10, 1900. Serial No. 16,241.
`(No model.)
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`To all whom, it ntcty concern.-
`Be it known that I, JAMES FRANK DURYEA,
`a citizen of the United States of America, and
`a resident of Springfield, in the county of
`Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have
`invented certain new and useful Improve-
`ments in Steering Mechanism for Vehicles, of
`which the following is a full, clear, and exact
`description.
`This invention relates to improvements in
`motor-vehicles or automobiles, and more par-
`ticularly to the class of such vehicles wherein
`the front wheels are both the driven and the
`steering wheels; and the invention more es-
`pecially pertains to the mechanisms and con-
`trolling appliances whereby the motor may
`be made available for the propulsion of the
`vehicle through the front steering- wheels,
`whereby the motor may be employed to swing
`the steering-wheels to steer, whereby the mo-
`tor may be simultaneously caused toboth
`drive and steer, and whereby the motor 1nay_
`only drive the steering-wheels, the steering
`being operated manually.
`The improved mechanism is especially use-
`ful on large and heavy motor wagons or
`trucks in which, especially at the time of
`starting the same, considerable power is nec-
`essary to change the. relative position of the
`wheels under the body.
`Another object of the invention is to insure
`that in the operation of the steering mechan-
`ism when the connections for changing the
`positions of the wheels toward one side are
`in engagement the connections for reversely
`changing the positions of the wheels must be
`necessarily out of engagement.
`Another object of the invention is to pro-
`vide an indicator observable at the place oc-
`cupied by the rider or person in control of
`the motor-wagon for enabling him to know
`whether the steering-wheels range straight
`with the length of the vehicle or are turned
`to either side, this being especially advanta-
`geous at the time of starting the vehicle,
`which may have been left with the front
`wheels considerably deflected toward either
`side of the wagon.
`The invention consists in combinations and
`arrangements of mechanisms and appliances
`and in constructions and combinations of
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`parts, all substantially as hereinafter fully
`described, and set forth in the claims.
`Reference is to be had to the accompanying
`drawings, in which the views show the for- 55
`ward portion of the motor-vehicle having an »
`engine or motor mounted thereon and show-
`ing the forward driving and steering wheels
`and the means for controlling the driving
`and steering, and in said drawings-
`Figure 1 is a plan view. Fig. 2 is a front
`view with parts broken away and the engine-
`shaft being seen in cross-section as taken next
`to the rear of the engine. Fig. 3 is a side ele-
`vation. Figs. 4 and 5 are views in detail at
`right angles to each other of articulated driv-
`ing connections hereinafter particularly re-
`ferred to.
`In the drawings, A represents the forward
`portion. of the body of the motor-wagon or
`automobile vehicle, beneath which is the di-
`vided axle B for the forward wheels B2 B2,
`which are in this mechanism both the driving
`and the steering wheels, and,as common in the
`divided axles for the driving-wheels of motor-
`vehicles, the two adjacent parts of the axle
`are equipped with the compensating gearing
`indicated within the casing C, and comprised
`in which compensating gearing is the bevel
`gear-wheel A, to which continuous rotary mo-
`tion may be imparted through driving con-
`nections from the engine thereto to secure
`the propulsion of the vehicle.
`Above the divided axle is a truck-frame D,
`there being interposed between the truck-
`frame and the journals 1) Z) for the axles the
`spring Z72, and the truck-frame has the de-
`pending pedestals Z23, in which guide—blocks
`or parts b4of the axle-journals have relatively
`thereto a vertical play. The platform-like
`upper part c of the truck-frame supports
`thereon the large worm-wheel E, meshing
`with which is the worm F, the same being
`carried as a fixed part on a shaft G, which is
`horizontally a11d transversely mounted in the
`hangers or brackets d cl, which are secured
`to and depend belowthe bottom of the wagon-
`body A.
`H indicates the engine or motor, supported
`at extreme forward part of the wagon, the
`main or driving shaft J of the engine extend-
`inglon gitudinally along about the central line
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`f the wagon near the wagon-bottom, and its
`rear end is mounted in the journal-lug e, ris-
`ing suitably above the bottom of the wagon-
`body. On the rear end portion of the shaft
`is a bevel gear—wheel a3, which rotates in a
`vertical plane and in mesh with which is a
`bevel gear-wheel a2, which is mounted on the
`upper end of a vertical shaft (14, which shaft
`is shackled to the shaft-section a’ of the bevel
`gear-wheel a, which is in driving connection
`with the axle-sections B B.
`For the reason that the gear-wheel and
`shaft section co? a4 have vertical movements
`relatively to the wheels and axle correspond-
`ing to the movements of the spring—supported
`wagon-body and the gear-wheel ctand its shaft-
`section a’ are practically or relativelyimmov-
`able the shaft-sections ct’ and a,‘ are united by
`the double toggles f, which are articulated in
`such manner that the endwise contraction of
`the two shaft-sections is readily permitted,
`but so that the turning of the upper shaft-
`section insures necessarily the turning of the
`lower shaft-section and the gear thereon.
`The gear Cl/3 is understood as being loose on
`the engine-shaft J, and this gear—whee1af“ has
`as one therewith the loose clutch-wheel a5,
`also loose on the engine-shaft, and with the
`grooved hub as, which is splined to slide on
`the shaft J and which operates the shoes of
`the clutch, which may be of the most com-
`mon and well-known type, the yoke 0.7 is en-
`gaged, said yoke having the extension or con-
`necting—rod as, with which is connected or»
`engaged an arm or lever g2, which is carried
`aththte ltiwpr end of a (\1re_rticalshét'f(li or_ppls1€f:],
`e
`w 1c
`a 1 s upper en 1S provi e W1
`operating-lever handle g3. The said shaft g
`-or rotatable post is mounted in its vertical
`position in suitable bearings or brackets of
`the supporting structure, (itrldicated in a gen-
`eral way by the letter h.)
`Of course it is apparent that by properly
`swingino‘ the handle-lever g3 in a horizontal
`plane tlfe engine will be in or out of driving
`connection with the front-wheel axle.
`the
`fMounted on the elongated hubs of
`a orementioned worm F are bevel gear-wheels
`j j for rotations in vertical planes as one with
`the shaft G, and both gear-wheels 2'7} are in
`mesh with the said gears j ,7’, the same being
`fixed at the lower ends of vertical shafts 71; lo, -
`which extend from the positions of said gears
`73 below the wagon-body upwardly through
`the latter and have suitable bearings both
`near their lower ends and also in the arch-
`like part of the supporting frame or casting h.
`Loose on the shafts It 7c are worm—whee1s
`m m, intermediate between and in engage-
`ment with both of which is a worm n, (seen
`in Fig. 2,) said worm being fast on the en-
`gine-shaft J. Formed with or affixed to move
`in unison with the normally free-running
`worm-wheels m m are annular clutch mem-
`bers 0 0, for coaction with which are arranged
`the correspondingly-provided clutch mem-i
`bers 0” 0”, which are carried by the rotatable
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`sleeves 03, which slide vertically on the shafts
`lo, but have spline engagements therewith,
`whereby they are rotated in unison with said
`shafts.
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`13 represents a two-armed lever, (best seen
`in Fig. 2,) the same being intermediately piv-
`oted beneath the upper part of the arch-like
`supporting-casting h and between the said
`shafts is 79, and the extremities of the arms
`p are formed into yokes which engage the
`clutch-sleeves of the parts 03, and the ex-
`tendedintermediate journal-stud ‘or rock-
`shaft, of which the said lever-arms p are ex-
`tensions, has affixed thereto the upwardly-ex-
`tending operating-lever handle p2.
`It will be
`understood that for the reason that the worm-
`wheels m m are, as shown in Fig. 2, arranged
`on opposite sides. of the worm it the said
`worm-wheels will be rotated by the worm in
`reversed directions, and so will be the shafts 79
`7c, one after the other, if placed in clutch with
`the respectively—provided, worm-wheel, and
`rotational movement of either shaft imparted
`thereto from the power-driven worm n when
`such shaft is in clutch with its worm-wheel
`will correspondingly turn the shaft G, which
`is below the wagon-body and on which is the
`' worm F, so that the rotational movement of
`said worm F will cause the partial turning of
`the large worm-wheel E and the front run-.
`ning-gear on which said’ large worm-wheel is
`an equipment. Thus it will be seen that the
`steering of the vehicle either to the right or
`to the left may be accomplished, using the
`engine-power of the vehicle as the force for
`causing the deflection of the front-wheel axle
`and body under the control of the rider, who
`has merely to manipulate the clutch-operat-
`-ing lever 19*.
`In addition to the capability for the power-
`steering, as just explained, one of the shafts
`it (it is immaterial which) may be upwardly
`extended, as seen in the drawings, and pro-
`vided with a hand-wheel 1', by means of which
`to operate the shaft on which it is mounted
`manually. Therefore by leaving the lever p2
`in its upright position, so that both of the
`shafts is 79 are out of connection with the en-'
`gine-shaft, the entire steering» may be per-
`formed by turning the hand-wheel in either
`direction, as" required.
`For the reason that in many types of motor-
`vehicles in which the present steering mech-
`anism is applicable the steering-wheels will
`not be visible to the person in control of the
`vehicle I make provision whereby the posi-
`tion of the wheels is indicated, the same con-
`sisting of a small worm 3 on the end of the
`shaft G, with which is in mesh a worm-wheel
`15, the same being supported at the lower end
`of a vertical shaft 16*, the upper end of which
`is journaled through a bracket 713, supported
`by the casting h at an upper extension there-
`of,and also supported movably on this bracket
`is a dial-plate u, while the upper end of the
`shaft has fast thereto an index or pointer 753.
`The dial-plate may have graduat-ions and in-
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`‘ 714,878
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`the motor-shaft, substantially as and for the
`purposes set forth.
`3. In a motor-vehicle the combination with
`the forward axle, equipped with a worm-
`wheel, of the vehicle-body carryingpa motor
`and provided with a worm ‘in engagement
`I with the worm-wheel, which worm has, to ro-
`tate in unison therewith, two gear-wheels, two
`I shafts located at opposite sides of the motor-
`shaft, on which are gear-wheels meshing said
`two gears provided to the worm, a. worm
`mounted on the motor-shaft, worm-wheels mm
`I loosely mounted on the said two shafts and
`engaging at opposite sides of the said motor-
`shaft worm, clutch members mounted on and
`constrained to turn with said two shafts, and
`adapted to be thrown into engagement with
`said worm-wheels m m, for
`the purpose set
`forth.
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`dicating characters as means for increased
`convenience of the person in charge of the
`running of the motor-vehicle.
`The worm-wheel E, provided as an equip-
`ment to the steering—axle, and with which
`worm-wheel the axle must necessarily turn in
`unison, and the worm on the vehicle-body
`having the capability of being turned by the
`application of intelligently-directed power
`from above the body constitute valuable fea-
`tures in the present invention for improve-
`ments in motor-wagons, more especially be-
`cause the worm-wheel and worm constitute a
`'lock against any force tending to turn or
`swing the axle, which may be directed by
`pressure or stress on or through the wheels
`and axle, while at the same time the 1nove-
`ments for the proper steering may be most
`readily imparted through the appliances
`(either power or manually operated) for turn-
`ing the worm.
`Having thus described my invention, what
`I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Pat-
`ent, is——
`1. A vehicle having on its body a motor-
`driven shaft, a clutch—eng-aged gear-wheel to
`be driven by said motor-shaft,'and a depend-
`ing shaft—section,
`the axle for the forward
`wheels arranged under said depending shaft-
`section and a gear—whee1 in driving connec-
`tion with the axle having a rising shaft—sec-
`tion, means of engagement between said shaft-
`sections whereby they rotate in unison, but
`may have contracted and distended relations,
`journal-sleeves surrounding said axles, hav-
`ing upward extensions 194 b“, and supporting
`the springs, a part, D, supported by said
`springs having the pedestals depending over
`and embracing said journal-sleeve extensions,
`and on which part D the forward part of the
`vehicle-body rests, and between which said
`part and body there is relatively a swiveling
`movement and means provided and actuated
`on the body, and operating on the said part
`D, for turning same, substantially as de-
`scribed.
`2. A vehicle having on its body a motor-
`driven shaft, a clutch-engaged gear-wheel, to
`be driven by said motor—shaft, and having a
`depending shaft-section, the part D, having
`the worm-wheel, E, below the body and rela-
`tively to which it turns about the axis of said
`shaft--section, and provided with the pedes-
`tals b3, the axle having the journal-sleeves
`provided with the rising extensions Z94 engag-
`ing and adapted to play within, said pedes-
`tals,and havingsupported thereon the springs
`on which said part D is yieldingly mounted,
`a gear-wheel in rotatably—driving connection
`with the axle, having the upstanding shaft-
`section, double links jointed to the two said
`shaft-sections, a worm supported by the body,
`engaging said worm-wheel, and mechanism
`intervening between the motor-shaft and said
`worm connected with the worm and having
`clutching and unclutching connections with
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`4. In a motor-vehicle, the combination with
`the forward axle, equipped with a worm-
`wheel, of the vehicle-body carrying a motor
`and provided with a worm, in engagement
`with the worm-wheel, which wormhas, to 1'0-
`'tate in unisontlierewith,
`two gear-wheels,
`two shafts located at opposite sides of the mo-
`| tor—shaft, on which are gear—wheels meshing
`said two gears provided to the worth, a worm
`mounted on the motor-shaft, worm-wheels
`m m loosely mounted on the said two shafts
`and engaging at opposite sides of the said
`motor-shaft worm, clutch members mounted
`on and constrained to turn with said two
`shafts, and mechanism for controlling said
`clutches having united members engaging
`both thereof, whereby when one is in engage-
`ment with its adjacent worm-wheel m, the
`other clutch necessarily is placed out of en-
`gagement with the other worm-gear, substan-
`tially as described.
`5. In a motor-vehicle the combination with
`the forward axle, equipped with a worm-
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`[wheel,ofthevehicle-bodycarryingamotor
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`and provided with a worm in engagement
`with the worm-wheel, which worm has, to ro-
`tate in unison therewith, two gear-wheels, two
`shafts located at opposite sides of the motor-
`shaft, on which are gear-wheels meshing said
`two gears provided to the worm, a Worm
`mounted on the motor-shaft, worm-wheels m
`m loosely mounted on the said two shafts
`and engaging at opposite sides of the said
`motor-shaft worm, and having clutch mem-
`bers 0 0, clutch members 02 02 sliding on and
`turning with said two shafts, and having
`grooved extension-sleeves 03, a handle—lever
`pg mounted for a rocking motion and leaving
`the double lever members pp which engage
`said clutch-sleeves 03, substantially as de-
`scribed.
`
`G. The combination with the vehicle-body
`having the shaft provided with the worm F
`and the worm s, the front-wheel axle equipped
`with the worm-wheel E, with which the worm
`F is in. engagement, means for causing the
`rotation of the said worm F in either direc-
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`a gear in driving connection with the axle,
`the vehicle-body having the shaft-section a4
`link-connected with shaft—section at’, the en-
`gine-shaft having the worm n, and the loose
`clutch-wheel a5 geared to the shaft-section (14,
`the clutch-sleeve turning with and movable
`along the engine-shaft, the lever g3 and con-
`nections between same and the clutch-sleeve,
`the shaft G supported below the motor-body,
`having the worm E engaging said worm-
`wheel, and having the bevel gear—wheels j j,
`the vertical shafts 7c 79 at opposite sides of the
`engine-shaft having the gear-wheels, 'i
`'7,
`meshing the onesj and having loose thereon
`the Worm-wheels m m both meshing said en-
`gine-shaft worm, and provided with clutch
`members the clutch—s1eeves turning with and
`slidable along the shafts 70 7c cooperating with
`the worm-wheel clutch members, the two-
`armed leverp and common operating han-
`dle—1ever go? and a means for manually turn-
`ing one of said shafts 79, substantially as de-
`scribed.
`-
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`Signed by me at Springfield, Massachusetts,
`in presence of two subscribing witnesses.
`J. FRANK DURYEA.
`
`Witnesses:
`WM. S. BELLOWS,
`NETTIE M. BELLOWS.
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`tion, a shaft having a worm-wheel t in en-
`gagement with worm 3, and having an indi-
`cator, substantially as and for the purpose set
`forth.
`' 7. In a 1notor—vehicle in combination, the
`front-wheel axle supporting the worm-wheel
`in unison with which the axle is constrained
`to turn or swing horizontally, the Vehicle-
`body having the motor and its shaft mounted
`thereon, and provided with the gear-wheel 01.3,
`a clutch for connecting and disconnecting
`said gear-Wheel with and from the aide, and
`means for operating the clutch, the shaft Gr
`mounted on the body provided with the worm
`F and the bevel—gea-rsj j, the shafts 75 7c mount-
`ed on the body at opposite sides of the motor-
`shaft, a worm 'n on the motor-shaft, Worm-
`wheels m m loose on the shafts 7c 70 having
`clutch members, clutch members turning
`With, but slidable along, said shafts 7c, coact-
`ing with the worm-wheel clutch members,
`means for manually operating the sliding
`clutch members simultaneously in opposite
`directions, and means for manually rotating
`one of said shafts 70 in either direction, sub-
`stantially as and for the purposes set forth.
`8. In a motor-vehicle in combination, the
`front—whee1 axle having the spring-support
`ed truck-frame D provided with a worm-
`3o wheel E, and a vertical shaft-section ct’ with
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