United States Patent [191
`Frederiksen
`
`[54] HOME COMPUTER AND GAME
`APPARATUS
`
`[75] Inventor:
`
`Jeffrey E. Frederiksen, Arlington
`Heights, 111.
`[73] Assignee: Bally Manufacturing Corporation,
`Chicago, Ill.
`[21] Appl. No.: 910,964
`[22] Filed:
`May 30, 1978
`
`[63]
`
`Related US. Application Data
`Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 812,662, Jul. 5, 1977,
`which is a continuation of Ser. No. 635,406, Nov. 26,
`1975, abandoned.
`
`[51] in. cm ............................................ .. G06F 3/153
`[52] us. C1. .................................................. .. 364/200
`[58] Field of Search
`364/200 MS File, 900 MS File,
`364/410, 705; 273/85 R, as 6, 101.1, 101.2,
`102.2 R, DIG. 28; 340/720, 723, 724, 725;
`358/900
`
`[56]
`
`References Cited
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`
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`3,388,391 6/1968 Clark .
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`3,462,639 8/1969 French .
`3,497,760 2/1970 Kiesling .
`3,577,130 5/1971 Rice et al. ......................... .. 364/900
`4,116,444 9/1978 Mayer et al. ..
`..
`4,142,180 2/1979 Burson ........ ..
`4,177,462 12/1979 Chu?g ........................... .. 340/723 X
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`“II Cybernetic Frontiers" Brand, Random House, 1974,
`pp. 54-60.
`“Space War”, Kuhfeld, Analog Science Fiction/
`Science Fact, pp. 67-79.
`
`[1 1]
`[45]
`
`4,301,503
`Nov. 17, 1981
`
`Gun Fight Computer Service Manual for the Midway
`8080 Microprocessor Game Series, 1976.
`Standardized Test Procedure for Midway‘s Processor
`Boards, 1111., 1976.
`Marcus, A., “A Prototype Computerized Page-Design
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`Andersson, P. L., “Phototypesetting-A Quiet Revolu
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`Sutherland, I. E. et al., “A Characterization of Ten
`Hidden-Surface Algorithms“, Computing Surveys, vol.
`6, 3/74.
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`Newell, M. E. et al., “A Solution to the Hidden Surface
`Problem”, Proceedings of ACM Nat. Conf., 1972.
`Gelernter, H. L. et al., “An Advanced Com
`puter-Based Nuclear Physics Data Acquisition Sys
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`Knowlton, K. C., "A Comp. Technique for Providing
`Animated Movies”, Proceedings AFIPS, 1964, SJCC,
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`Mermelstein, P., l‘Comp-Generated Spectogram Dis
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`Denes, P. 13., "Computer Graphics in Color“, Bell Lab.
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`Noll, A. M., “Scanned-Display Computer Graphics“,
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`Kajiya, J. T. et al., “A Random-Access Video Frame
`Buffer", Proc. of the Cont‘. on Comp. Graphics, Pattern
`Recognition, and Data Struc., 5/14-16/75.
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`Pattern Recog, and Data Struc., 5/14-16/75.
`Primary Examiner—-Gareth D. Shaw
`Assistant Examiner-Thomas M. Heckler
`
`Intermix Media LLC Ex. 1006
`Intermix Media LLC v. RLT Acquisition, Inc.
`Case CBM2015-00154
`
`Page 1 of 237
`
`

`
`4,301,503
`Page 2
`
`Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Fitch, Even, Tabin, Flannery
`& Welsh
`[57]
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`puter system before the pixel data is stored in a random
`access memory to effectively increase the speed or data
`handling power of the system.
`
`A home computer system provides a‘ video processor
`for use with a television receiver. The video processor
`can selectively perform a variety of modi?cations to
`pixel data under the direction of the CPU of the com-
`
`36 Claims, 167 Drawing Figures
`
`Page 2 of 237
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`Nov. 17,1981
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`U.S. Patent
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`Nov. 17, 1981
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`Sheet 84 of 34
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`4,301,503
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`2
`FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a microcycler interface
`employed in the system;
`FIGS. 10A, 10B and 10C are a schematic diagram of
`the interconnections of the integrated circuit chips of
`the system;
`FIGS. llA—1lF are a block diagram of the data chip
`of the video processor of the system;
`FIGS. l2A—l2G are timing diagrams of various con-
`trol signals of the system for various read and write
`operations;
`FIGS. 13A—Z and 13AA—EE illustrate an example of
`a circuit
`implementing the block diagram of FIGS.
`l1A—F;
`FIG. 14 is a composite diagram illustrating the rela-
`tionship of FIGS. 13A—EE viewed as whole;
`FIGS. 15-39 are diagrams showing blocks of FIGS.
`13A—EE in greater detail.
`FIG. 40 illustrates the pixel data contained in regis-
`ters of a rotator circuit of the video processor;
`FIGS. 41-43 illustrate the relationship among con-
`trol, clock and synchronization signals of the system;
`FIG. 44 is a block diagram of the address chip of the
`video processor;
`FIGS. 45A—J show a more detailed circuit of the
`address chip;
`FIG. 46 illustrates a composite view of FIGS. 45A—J;
`FIGS. 47-70 are diagrams showing blocks of FIGS.
`45A—J in greater detail;
`FIGS. 71A—C are block diagrams of the input/output
`chip;
`FIG. 72 illustrates a circuit for the generation of an
`input signal;
`FIGS. 73A—M show a more detailed circuit of the
`input/output chip;
`FIG. 74 is a composite View of the FIGS. 73A—M;
`and
`
`FIGS. 75-97 are diagrams showing blocks of FIGS.
`73A-M in greater detail.
`The preferred embodiments of the present invention
`are hereinafter described. In general, the system com-
`prises a display for providing discrete picture elements
`for presentation of movable symbols and a display mem-
`ory for storage of digital signals representative of pic-
`ture elements of the display. The system further com-
`prises a computer having a program memory for receiv-
`ing digital input signals and supplying digital output
`data signals and other digital output signals representa-
`tive of picture elements in response to the input signals
`and program memory. A video processor means is oper-
`atively connected to the computer and display memory
`for selectively performing a plurality of modifications
`to the picture element output signals from the computer
`in response to the output data signals and also for trans-
`ferring the modified picture element signals to the dis-
`play memory. The video processor means is also opera-
`tively connected to the display for supplying signals
`thereto in response to the digital picture element signals
`stored in the display memory whereby the picture ele-
`ments represented therein are displayed.
`The system shown in FIG. 1 comprises a computer
`console 10 having four player-operated control handles
`12a—d connected by coiled line cords l4a—d,
`respec-
`tively, to the computer console 10. Thus, the console 10
`can accommodate up to four players at a time. Each
`control handle has a trigger switch 16 and a top
`mounted joy-stick 17 for actuating four directional
`switches. The joy-stick 17 has a rotatable knob mounted
`thereon which controls a potentiometer. The console 10
`
`HOME COMPUTER AND GAME APPARATUS
`
`This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pend-
`ing application Ser. No. 812,662, filed July 5, 1977,
`which is a streamline continuation of co—pending appli-
`cation Ser. No. 635,406 filed Nov. 26, I975, abandoned.
`The present invention relates to computers and more
`particularly to home computers and game apparatus
`adapted for use with cathode ray tube display appara-
`tus, such as television receivers or monitors.
`Video games typically employ a television receiver
`or monitor (hereinafter often referred to as merely "tel-
`evision”) to display the game symbols and figures. Each
`player usually has a control which may be manipulated
`to cause the game symbols on the screen to interact in
`accordance with the rules of the particular game be