0590
`
`TDA 1022 (Part 3 of 3)
`CBM of U.S. Pat. No. 7,533,056
`
`

`
`X Display Manager
`
`xdm (continued)
`
`Controlling xdm
`xdm responds to two signals: SIGHUP and SIGTERM. When sent a SIGHUP, xdm rereads the
`configuration file, the access control file, and the servers file. For the servers file, it notices if
`entries have been added or removed. If a new entry has been added, xdm starts a session on the
`associated display. Entries that have been removed are disabled immediately, meaning that
`any session in progress will be terminated without notice, and no new session will be started.
`
`When sent a SIGTERM, xdm terminates all sessions in progress and exits. This can be used
`when shutting down the system.
`
`xdm attempts to mark the various subprocesses for ps(l) by editing the command-line argu(cid:173)
`ment list in place. Because xdm can't allocate additional space for this task, it is useful to start
`xdm with a reasonably long command line (using the full pathname should be enough). Each
`process that is servicing a display is marked -display_name.
`
`Some Other Possibilities
`You can also use xdm to run a single session at a time, using the 4.3 init options or other suit(cid:173)
`able daemon by specifying the server on the command line:
`% xdm -server ":0 SUN-3/60CG4 local /usr/bin/X :0"
`
`Or, you might have a file server and a collection of X terminals. The configuration for this
`could look identical to the sample above, except the Xservers file might look like:
`
`london:O VISUAL-19 foreign
`paris:O NCD-19 foreign
`rome:O NCR-TOWERVIEW3000 foreign
`
`This would direct xdm to manage sessions on all three of these terminals. See the section
`"Controlling xdm" for a description of using signals to enable and disable these terminals in a
`manner reminiscent of init.
`
`limitations
`xdm isn't very good at coexisting with other window systems. To use multiple window systems
`on the same hardware, you '11 probably be more interested in xinit.
`
`Files
`lusr/ lib/Xll lxdm/xdm-config
`The default configuration file.
`
`I usr/ lib lXII I xdm/Xaccess
`The default access file, listing authorized displays. (Available as of Release 5.)
`
`I usr/ lib lXII I xdm/Xservers
`The default server file, listing non-XDMCP servers to manage.
`
`$(HOME)/ Xauthority
`User authorization file where xdm stores keys for clients to read.
`
`Reference Pages
`
`577
`
`0591
`
`

`
`xdm (continued)
`
`X Display Manager
`
`I usrl lib IX II I xdml chooser
`The default chooser. (Available as of Release 5.)
`
`lusrlbin/XII lxrdb
`The default resource database loader.
`
`lusrlbiniXIJ IX
`The default server.
`
`lusrlbin/Xll lxterm
`The default session program and failsafe client.
`
`lusrl lib/Xll I xdml A <host> -<suffix>
`The default place for authorization files.
`
`See Also
`X, xauth, xinit; Volume Eight, X Window System Administrator's Guide; the Xsecurity refer(cid:173)
`ence page in the MIT source distribution.
`
`Author
`Keith Packard, MIT X Consortium.
`
`578
`
`X Window System User's Guide
`
`0592
`
`

`
`-Dump Window Directly to Printer_;
`
`Name
`xdpr -dump an X window directly to the printer.
`
`Syntax
`xdpr [filename] [options]
`
`xdpr
`
`Description
`xdpr runs the commands xwd, xpr, and lpr(l) or lp(l) to dump an X window, process it for a
`particular printer type, and print it out on the printer of your choice. This is the easiest way to
`get a printout of a window. by default, xdpr will print the largest possible representation of the
`window on the output page.
`Options
`The options for xdpr are the same as those for xpr, xwd, and lpr(l) or lp(l). The most com(cid:173)
`monly-used options are described below; see the reference pages for these commands for
`detailed descriptions of the many other options available.
`-device printer_device
`Specifies the device on which the file is to be printed. Currently the following printers
`are supported:
`ln03 Digital LN03.
`lalOO Digital LAlOO.
`lj et HP LaserJet series and other monochrome PCL devices, such as Think:Jet,
`QuietJet, RuggedWriter, HP2560 series, and HP2930 series printers.
`pjet HP PaintJet (color mode).
`
`pp
`
`pjetxl
`HP PaintJet XL Color Graphics Printer (color mode).
`IBM PP3812.
`PostScript printer.
`As of Release 5, the default is ps (PostScript). (In prior releases, the default printer
`was the LN03.) -device lw (Apple LaserWriter) is equivalent to -device ps
`and is provided only for backwards compatibility.
`
`ps
`
`-display [host]:server[.screen]
`Specifies the name of the display to use. host is the hostname of the physical dis(cid:173)
`play, server specifies the server number, and screen specifies the screen number.
`Either or both of the host and screen elements to the display specification can be
`omitted. For example:
`% xdpr -display your_node:O.l
`
`prints a dump of an X window from screen 1 of server 0 on the display named by
`your_node. If the host is omitted, the local display is assumed. If the screen is
`omitted, screen 0 is assumed; the server and colon(:) are necessary in all cases.
`
`Reference Pages
`
`579
`
`0593
`
`

`
`xdpr (continued)
`
`Dump Window Directly to Printer
`
`-help Displays the list of options known to xdpr.
`-Pprinter
`Specifies a printer to send the output to. If a printer name is not specified here, xdpr
`(really, lpr(l) or /p(l)) will send your output to the printer specified by the PRINTER
`environment variable. Be sure that the type of the printer matches the type specified
`with the -device option.
`
`xdpr also accepts the following argument:
`filename
`Specifies an existing file containing a window dump (created by xwd) to be printed
`instead of selecting an X window.
`
`Any other arguments will be passed to the xwd, xpr, and lpr(l) or /p(l) commands as appropri(cid:173)
`ate for each.
`
`Environment Variables
`PRINTER
`Specifies which printer to use by default.
`
`See Also
`X,xwd, xpr, xwud, lpr(l), lp(l).
`
`Authors
`Paul Boutin, MIT Project Athena;
`Michael R. Gretzinger, MIT Project Athena;
`Jim Gettys, MIT Project Athena.
`
`580
`
`X Window System User's Guide
`
`0594
`
`

`
`-Display Information Utility----)
`
`Name
`xdpyinfo -display information utility for X.
`
`Syntax
`xdpyinfo [option]
`
`xdpyinfo
`
`Description
`xdpyinfo is a utility for displaying information about an X server. It is used to examine the
`capabilities of a server, the predefined values for various parameters used in communicating
`between clients and the server, and the different types of screens and visuals that are available.
`See Chapter 8, Other Clients, for more information.
`
`Option
`xdpyinfo accepts the following option:
`
`-display [host]: server[. screen]
`Specifies the display about which xdpyinfo should display information. hast is the
`hostname of the physical display, server specifies the server number, and screen
`specifies the screen number. By default, xdpyinfo displays information about all
`screens on the display. For example,
`% xdpyinfo -display your_node:O.O
`
`displays information about all screens of server 0 of the display named by
`your_node. If the hostname is omitted, the local display is assumed. If the screen
`is omitted, screen 0 is assumed. The server and colon(:) are necessary in all cases.
`
`Sample Output
`The following example shows the output produced by xdpyinfo when connected to a display
`that supports an 8-plane screen and a 1-plane screen.
`name of display:
`:0. 0
`version number:
`11.0
`vendor string:
`MIT X Consortium
`vendor release number:
`4
`maximum request size: 1-6384 longwords (65536 bytes)
`motion buffer size: 0
`bitmap unit, bit order, padding:
`image byte order:
`MSBFirst
`number of supported pixmap formats:
`supported pixmap formats:
`depth 1, bits_per_pixel 1, scanline_pad 32
`depth 8, bits_per_pixel 8, scanline_pad 32
`keycode range:
`minimum 8, maximum 129
`focus: PointerRoot
`number of extensions:
`SHAPE
`MIT-SHM
`
`32, MSBFirst, 32
`
`2
`
`4
`
`Reference Pages
`
`581
`
`0595
`
`

`
`xdpyinfo (continued)
`
`Display Information Utility
`
`Multi-Buffering
`MIT-SUNDRY -NONSTANDARD
`default screen number:
`0
`number of screens:
`2
`
`screen #0:
`1152x900 pixels (325x254 millimeters)
`dimensions:
`90x90 dots per inch
`resolution:
`1, 8
`depths (2):
`root window id:
`Ox8006e
`depth of root window:
`8 planes
`number of colorroaps:
`minimum 1, maximum 1
`default colorroap:
`Ox8006b
`256
`default number of colorroap cells:
`preallocated pixels:
`black 1, white 0
`options:
`backing-store YES, save-unders YES
`current input event mask:
`Oxd0801d
`KeyPressMask
`ButtonPressMask
`EnterwindoWMask
`ExposureMask
`PropertyChangeMask ColormapChangeMask
`number of visuals:
`6
`default visual id: Ox80065
`visual:
`Ox80065
`visual id:
`class:
`PseudoColor
`depth:
`8 planes
`256 entries
`size of colorroap:
`red, green, blue masks:
`OxO, OxO, OxO
`significant bits in color specification:
`visual:
`Ox80066
`visual id:
`class:
`DirectColor
`depth:
`8 planes
`8 entries
`size of colorroap:
`red, green, blue masks:
`Ox7, Ox38, OxcO
`significant bits in color specification:
`visual:
`Ox80067
`visual id:
`class:
`GrayScale
`depth:
`8 planes
`256 entries
`size of colorroap:
`red, green, blue masks:
`OxO, OxO, OxO
`significant bits in color specification:
`visual:
`Ox80068
`visual id:
`class :
`StaticGray
`depth:
`8 planes
`256 entries
`size of colorroap:
`red, green, blue masks:
`OxO, OxO, OxO
`
`8 bits
`
`582
`
`X Window System User's Guide
`
`ButtonReleaseMask
`SubstructureRedirectMask
`
`8 bits
`
`8 bits
`
`0596
`
`

`
`Display Information Utility
`
`xdpyinfo (continued)
`
`8 bits
`
`8 bits
`
`significant bits in color specification:
`visual:
`Ox80069
`visual id:
`class:
`StaticColor
`depth:
`8 planes
`256 entries
`size of colormap:
`red, green, blue masks:
`Ox7, Ox38, OxcO
`significant bits in color specification:
`visual:
`Ox8006a
`visual id:
`class:
`TrueColor
`depth:
`8 planes
`8 entries
`size of colormap:
`red, green, blue masks:
`Ox7, Ox38, OxcO
`significant bits in color specification:
`number of mono multibuffer types:
`6
`visual id, max buffers, depth:
`Ox80065, 0, 8
`visual id, max buffers, depth:
`Ox80066, 0, 8
`visual id, max buffers, depth:
`Ox80067, 0, 8
`visual id, max buffers, depth:
`Ox80068, 0, 8
`visual id, max buffers, depth:
`Ox80069, 0, 8
`visual id, max buffers, depth:
`Ox8006a, 0, 8
`number of stereo multibuffer types:
`0
`
`8 bits
`
`screen #1:
`1152x900 pixels (325x254 millimeters)
`dimensions:
`90x90 dots per inch
`resolution:
`depths (1):
`1
`Ox80070
`root window id:
`depth of root window:
`1 plane
`number of colormaps:
`minimum. 1, maximum 1
`·default colormap:
`Ox8006c
`2
`default number of colormap cells:
`preallocated pixels:
`black 1, white 0
`options:
`backing-store YES, save-unders YES
`current input event mask:
`Oxd0801d
`KeyPressMask
`ButtonPressMask
`EnterWindowMask
`ExposureMask
`PropertyChangeMask ColormapChangeMask
`1
`number of visuals:
`default visual id: Ox80064
`visual:
`Ox80064
`visual id:
`class:
`StaticGray
`depth:
`1 plane
`2 entries
`size of colormap:
`red, green, blue masks:
`OxO, OxO, OxO
`significant bits in color specification:
`number of mono multibuffer types:
`1
`
`1 bits
`
`ButtonReleaseMask
`SUbstructureRedirectMask
`
`Reference Pages
`
`583
`
`0597
`
`

`
`xdpyinfo (continued)
`
`Display Information Utility
`
`visual id, max buffers, depth:
`number of stereo :multibuffer types:
`
`Ox80064, 0, 1
`0
`
`See Also
`X, xwininfo, xprop, xrdb; Chapter 8, Other Clients.
`
`Author
`Jim Fulton, MIT X Consortium.
`
`584
`
`X Window System User's Guide
`
`0598
`
`

`
`-Text Editor for X---------~
`
`Name
`xedit - simple text editor for X.
`
`Syntax
`xedit [options] [filename]
`
`xed it
`
`Description
`xedit provides a window consisting of the following four areas:
`
`Commands Section
`A set of commands that allows you to exit xedit, save the file, or load a new file into
`the edit window.
`
`Message Window
`Displays xedit messages. In addition, this window can be used as a scratch pad.
`
`Filename Display
`Displays the name of the file currently being edited, and whether this file is
`Read-Write or Read Only.
`
`Edit Window
`Displays the text of the file that you are editing or creating.
`
`Chapter 8, Other Clients, describes how to use the xedit client.
`
`Command Buttons
`Quits the current editing session. If any changes have not been saved, xedit displays a
`Quit
`warning message, allowing the user to save the file.
`
`Save
`
`Load
`
`If file backups are enabled (see "Resources"), xedit stores a copy of the original,
`unedited file in <prefix>filename<suffix>, then overwrites the filename with the con(cid:173)
`tents of the edit window. The filename is retrieved from the Text widget directly to
`the right of the Load button.
`Loads the file named in the Text widget immediately to the right of this button and
`displays it in the Edit Window. If the currently displayed file has been modified, a
`warning message will ask the user to save the changes or to press Load again.
`
`Editing
`The Athena Text widget is used for the three sections of this application that allow text input,
`namely the Message Window, the Edit Window, and the window to the right of the command
`buttons, in which a filename can be entered.
`The characters typed will go to the Text widget that the pointer is currently over. If the pointer
`is not over a Text widget, then the keypresses will have no effect on the application. This is
`also true for the special key sequences that pop-up dialog widgets; so, for example, typing
`CTRL-s in the filename widget (next to the command buttons) will enable searching in that
`widget, not the Edit Window (edit widget).
`
`Reference Pages
`
`585
`
`0599
`
`

`
`xedit (continued)
`
`Text Editor for X
`
`Both the Message Window and the Edit Window will create a scrollbar if the text to display is
`too large to fit in that window. Horizontal scrolling is not allowed by default, but can be turned
`on through the Text widget's resources. See Appendix G, Widget Resources, for more infor(cid:173)
`mation.
`The following list summarizes the editing commands recognized by xedit (i.e., by the Text
`widget).
`Control-a
`
`Move to the beginning of the current line.
`
`Control-b
`
`Control-d
`
`Control-e
`
`Control-f
`
`Control-h or
`Backspace
`
`Control-j,
`Control-m,
`Return, or
`Line Feed
`
`Control-k
`
`Control-!
`
`Control-n
`Control-o
`Control-p
`Control-r
`Control-s
`Control-t
`
`Control-u
`
`Control-v
`Control-w
`
`Move backward one character.
`
`Delete the next character.
`
`Move to the end of the current line.
`
`Move forward one character.
`
`Delete the previous character.
`
`New line.
`
`Kill the rest of this line. (Does not kill the carriage return at the end of
`the line. To do so, use Control-k twice. However, be aware that the sec(cid:173)
`ond kill overwrites the text line in the kill buffer.)
`Redraw the window. (Also scrolls text so that cursor is positioned in the
`middle of the window.)
`
`Move down to the next line.
`Divide this line into two lines at this point and move the cursor back up.
`Move up to the previous line.
`Search and replace backward.
`Search and replace forward.
`Transpose characters.
`(Swap the characters immediately before and
`after the cursor.)
`Perform next command four times. For example, the sequence Control-u,
`Control-n moves the cursor down four lines.
`Move down to the next screenful of text.
`Kill the selected text.
`
`586
`
`X Window System User's Guide
`
`0600
`
`

`
`Text Editor for X
`
`xedit (continued)
`
`Control-y
`
`Control-z
`
`Meta-<
`Meta->
`Meta-[
`
`Meta-]
`Meta-b
`Meta-d
`Meta-D
`Meta-f
`
`Meta-h,
`Meta-Backspace, or
`Meta-Delete
`
`Insert the last killed text. (If the last killed text is a carriage return-see
`Control-k above-a blank line is inserted.)
`Scroll up the text one line.
`
`Move to the beginning of the file.
`Move to the end of the file.
`Move backward one paragraph.
`
`Move forward one paragraph.
`Move backward one word.
`Delete the next word.
`Kill the next word.
`Move forward one word.
`
`Delete the previous word.
`
`Kill the previous word.
`Meta-H,
`Meta-Shift-Backspace, or
`Meta-Shift-Delete
`
`Meta-i
`
`Insert a file. A dialog box will appear in which you can type the desired
`filename.
`
`Meta-z
`
`Meta-k
`Meta-q
`Meta-v
`Meta-y
`
`Kill to the end of the paragraph.
`Join lines to form a paragraph.
`Move up to the previous screenful of text.
`Insert the last selected text here. This command is the equivalent of
`clicking the second pointer button. See Chapter 5, The xterm Terminal
`Emulator, for more information about text selections.
`Scroll down the text one line.
`Delete the previous character.
`Delete
`Note that a translation in the application defaults file overrides the translation for the Return
`key for the text window in which a filename can be entered (next to the command buttons); in
`this window only, instead of starting a new line, Return moves the editing cursor to the end of
`the current line.
`The Text widget fully supports the X selection and cut buffer mechanisms (described in Chap(cid:173)
`ter 5, The xterm Terminal Emulator). Thus, you can cut and paste text in any of the sections of
`the xedit window that allow text input. You can also cut and paste text between xedit and any
`
`Reference Pages
`
`587
`
`0601
`
`

`
`xedit (continued)
`
`Text Editor for X
`
`other application (such as xterm) that supports text selections. See Chapter 5 for instructions
`on cutting and pasting text.
`
`Options
`xedit accepts all of the standard X Toolkit command-line options, which are listed on the X ref(cid:173)
`erence page. In addition, xedit accepts the following argument:
`filename
`Specifies the file that is to be loaded during start up. This is the file that will be edited.
`If a file is not specified, xedit lets you load a file or create a new file after it has started
`up.
`
`Widget Hierarchy
`In order to specify resources, it is useful to know the hierarchy of the widgets which compose
`xedit. In the notation below, indentation indicates hierarchical structure. The widget class
`name is given first, followed by the widget instance name.
`
`Xedit xedit
`Paned paned
`Paned buttons
`Ccmmand quit
`Corrrrnand save
`Corrrrnand
`load
`Text
`filename
`Label bc_label
`Text messageWindow
`
`Label
`Text
`
`labelWindow
`editWindow
`
`See Appendix G, Widget Resources for a list of resources that can be set for the Athena widg(cid:173)
`ets. (Note that the Text widget recognizes actions that control cursor movement, editing, text
`selection, etc.)
`
`Resources
`The available application resources are:
`
`enableBackups (class EnableBackups)
`Specifies that when edits made to an existing file are saved, xedit is to copy the origi(cid:173)
`nal version of that file to <prefix>filename<suffix> before it saves the changes. The
`default value for this resource is "off," stating that no backups should be created.
`
`backupNamePrefix (class BackupNamePrefix)
`Specifies a string that is to be prepended to the backup filename. The default is that
`no string shall be prepended.
`
`backupNameSuffix (class BackupNameSuffix)
`Specifies a string that is to be appended to the backup filename. The default is to
`append the string ".BAK".
`
`588
`
`X Window System User's Guide
`
`0602
`
`

`
`Text Editor for X
`
`xedit (continued)
`
`Actions
`Many standard keyboard editing facilities are supported by the event bindings. You can map
`actions to key and pointer button events using the translation mechanism described in Chapter
`11, Setting Resources. For the Text widget, the following actions are supported:
`
`Cursor Movement
`
`Action
`
`forward-character
`backward-character
`forward-word
`backward-word
`forward-paragraph
`backward-paragraph
`beginning -of-line
`end-of-line
`next-line
`previous-line
`next-page
`previous-page
`be ginning -of-file
`end-of-file
`scroll-one-line-up
`scroll-one-line-down
`new Line
`new line-and-indent
`new line-and-backup
`newline
`kill
`kill-word
`backward-kill-word
`kill-selection
`kill-to-end -of -line
`kill-paragraph
`kill-to-end-of -paragraph
`no movement
`
`delete-next -character
`delete-previous-character
`delete-next-word
`delete-previous-word
`delete-selection
`backward-paragraph
`selection
`insert -selection
`select-word
`select-all
`select-start
`select -ad just
`select-end
`extend-start
`extend-adjust
`extend-end
`miscellaneous
`redraw-display
`insert-file
`insert -char
`display-caret
`focus-in
`focus-out
`search
`multiply
`form-paragraph
`transpose-characters
`no-op
`
`• A page corresponds to the size of the Text window. For example, if the Text window is 50
`lines in length, scrolling forward one page is the same as scrolling forward 50 lines.
`
`• The delete action deletes a text item. The kill action deletes a text item and puts the
`item in the kill buffer (X cut buffer 1).
`• The insert-selection action retrieves the value of a specified X selection or cut buf(cid:173)
`fer, with fall-back to alternative selections or cut buffers.
`
`Reference Pages
`
`589
`
`0603
`
`

`
`xedit (continued)
`
`Text Editor for X
`
`Cursor Movement Actions
`forward-character()
`backward-character()
`These actions move the insert point forward or backward one character in the buffer.
`If the insert point is at the end (or beginning) of a line, this action moves the insert
`point to the next (or previous) line.
`
`forward-word ( )
`backward -word ( )
`These actions move the insert point to the next or previous word boundary. A word
`boundary is defined as a space, a tab, or a carriage return.
`
`forward-paragraph()
`backward-paragraph()
`These actions move the insert point to the next or previous paragraph boundary. A
`paragraph boundary is defined as two carriage returns in a row with only spaces or
`tabs between them.
`
`beginning-of-line()
`end-of-line ()
`These actions move to the beginning or end of the current line. If the insert point is
`already at the end or beginning of the line, no action is taken.
`
`next-line ( )
`previous-line ()
`These actions move the insert point up or down one line. If the insert point is cur(cid:173)
`rently n characters from the beginning of the line then it will be n characters from the
`beginning of the next or previous line. If n is past the end of the line, the insert point
`is placed at the end of the line.
`
`next-page ()
`previous-page ( )
`These actions move the insert point up or down one page in the file. One page is
`defined as the current height of the text widget. These actions always place the insert
`point at the first character of the top line.
`
`beginning-of-file()
`end-of-file ( )
`These actions place the insert point at the beginning or end of the current text buffer.
`The text widget is then scrolled the minimum amount necessary to make the new
`insert point location visible.
`
`590
`
`X Window System User's Guide
`
`0604
`
`

`
`Text Editor for X
`
`xedit (continued)
`
`scroll-one-line-up()
`scroll-one-line-down()
`These actions scroll the current text field up or down by one line. They do not move
`the insert point. Other than the scrollbars, this is the only way that the insert point
`may be moved off the visible text area. The widget will be scrolled so that the insert
`point is back on the screen as soon as some other action is executed.
`Delete Actions
`delete-next-character()
`delete-previous-character()
`These actions remove the character immediately after or before the insert point. If a
`carriage return is removed, the next line is appended to the end of the current line.
`
`delete-next-word()
`delete-previous-word()
`These actions remove all characters between the insert point location and the next
`word boundary. A word boundary is defined as a space, a tab, or a carriage return.
`
`delete-selection()
`This action removes all characters in the current selection. The selection can be set
`with the selection actions.
`Selection Actions
`select-word()
`This action selects the word in which the insert point is currently located. If the insert
`point is between words, it will select the previous word.
`
`select-all ( )
`This action selects the entire text buffer.
`
`select-start ( )
`This action sets the insert point to the current pointer location, where a selection then
`begins. If many of these selection actions occur quickly in succession then the selec(cid:173)
`tion count mechanism will be invoked.
`
`select-adjust ( )
`This action allows a selection started with the select-start action to be modified,
`as described above.
`
`select-erid(name[,name, . . . ] )
`This action ends a text selection that began with the select-start action, and
`asserts ownership of the selection or selections specified. A name can be a selection
`(e.g., PRIMARY) or a cut buffer (e.g., CUT_BUFFERO). Note that case is important. If
`no names are specified, PRIMARY is asserted.
`
`extend-start ( )
`This action finds the nearest end of the current selection, and moves it to the current
`pointer location.
`
`Reference Pages
`
`591
`
`0605
`
`

`
`xedit (continued)
`
`Text Editor for X
`
`extend-adjust ( )
`This action allows a selection started with an extend-start action to be modified.
`
`extend-end(name[ ,name, ... ] )
`This action ends a text selection that began with the extend-start action, and
`asserts ownership of the selection or selections specified. A name can be a selection
`(e.g., PRIMARY) or a cut buffer (e.g., CUT_BUFFERO). Note that case is important. If
`no name is given, PRIMARY is asserted.
`
`insert-selection(name[,name, . . . ] )
`This action retrieves the value of the first (left-most) named selection that exists or the
`cut buffer that is not empty. This action then inserts it into the Text widget at the cur(cid:173)
`rent insert point location. A name can be a selection (e.g., PRIMARY) or a cut buffer
`(e.g., CUT_BUFFERO). Note that case is important.
`
`newline Actions
`newline-and-indent()
`This . action inserts a new line into the text and adds spaces to that line to indent it to
`match the previous line. (Note: this action still has a few bugs.)
`
`newline-and-backup()
`This action inserts a newline into the text after the insert point.
`
`newline()
`This action inserts a newline into the text before the insert point.
`
`Kill Actions
`kill-word()
`backward-kill-word()
`These actions act exactly like the delete-next-word and delete-previous(cid:173)
`word actions, but they store the word that was killed into the kill buffer (CUT_BUF(cid:173)
`FER_l).
`
`kill-selection ()
`This action deletes the current selection and stores the deleted text into the kill buffer
`(CUT_BUFFER_l).
`
`kill-to-end-of-line()
`This action deletes the entire line to the right of the insert point, and stores the deleted
`text into the kill buffer (CUT_BUFFER_l).
`
`ki 11-paragraph ( )
`This action deletes the current paragraph. If the insert point is between paragraphs, it
`deletes the paragraph above the insert point, and stores the deleted text into the kill
`buffer (CUT_BUFFER_l).
`
`kill-to-end-of-paragraph()
`This action deletes everything between the current insert point and the next paragraph
`boundary, and puts the deleted text into the kill buffer (CUT_BUFFER_l).
`
`592
`
`X Window System User's Guide
`
`0606
`
`

`
`Text Editor for X
`
`xedit (continued)
`
`Miscellaneous Actions
`redraw-display ( )
`This action recomputes the location of all the text lines on the display, scrolls the text
`to vertically center the line containing the insert point on the screen, clears the entire
`screen, and then redisplays it.
`
`insert-file ([filename])
`This action activates the insert file pop-up. The filename option specifies the
`default filename to put in the filename buffer of the pop-up. If no f i 1 ename is
`specified the buffer is empty at startup.
`
`insert-char ()
`This action may be attached only to a key event. It calls XLookupString to trans(cid:173)
`late the event into a (rebindable) Latin-1 character (sequence) and inserts that
`sequence into the text at the insert point position.
`
`insert-string (string[, string, ... ] )
`This action inserts each string into the text at the insert point location. Any
`string beginning with the characters "Ox" and containing only valid hexadecimal
`digits in the remainder is interpreted as a hexadecimal constant and the corresponding
`single character is inserted instead.
`
`display-caret(state,when)
`This action allows the insert point to be turned on and off. The state argument
`specifies the desired state of the insert point. This value may be any of the string val(cid:173)
`ues accepted for Boolean resources (e.g., on, True, off, False, etc.). If no argu(cid:173)
`ments are specified, the default value is True. The when argument specifies, for
`EnterNotify or LeaveNotify events, whether or not the focus field in the event
`is to be examined. If the second argument is not specified, or specified as something
`other than always, then if the action is bound to an EnterNotify or Leave(cid:173)
`Notify event, the action will be taken only if the focus field is True. An aug(cid:173)
`mented binding that might be useful is:
`
`*Text.Translations: #override \
`<Focusin>:
`display-caret(on) \n\
`<FocusOUt>:
`display-caret(off)
`
`focus-in()
`focus-out ( )
`These actions do not currently do anything.
`
`search (direction, [string])
`This action activates the search popup. The direction must be specified as either
`forward or backward. The string is optional and is used as an initial value for the
`"Search for:" string.
`
`Reference Pages
`
`593
`
`0607
`
`

`
`xedit (continued)
`
`Text Editor for X
`
`multiply (value)
`The multiply action allows the user to multiply the effects of many of the text actions.
`Thus the following action sequence:
`multiply(lO) delete-next-word()
`
`will delete 10 words. It does not matter whether these actions take place in one event
`or many events. Using the default translations the key sequence Control-u, Control-d
`will delete 4 characters. Multiply actions can be chained; thus,
`multiply(5) multiply(5)
`
`is the same as:
`multiply(25)
`
`If the string reset is passed to the multiply action, the effects of all previous multi(cid:173)
`plies are removed and a beep is sent to the display.
`
`form-paragraph()
`This action removes all the carriage returns from the current paragraph and reinserts
`them so that each line is as long as possible, while still fitting on the current screen.
`Lines are broken at word boundaries if at all possible. This action currently works
`only on Text widgets that use ASCII text.
`
`transpose-characters()
`This action will switch the positions of the character to the left of the insert point and
`the character to the right of the insert point. The insert point will then be advanced
`one character.
`
`no-op ([action])
`The no-op action makes no change to the text widget, and is used mainly to override
`translations. This action takes one optional argument. If this argument is RingBell
`then a beep is sent to the display.
`
`Files
`/usr! lib/Xll I app-defaults/Xedit-Specifies required resources.
`
`Restrictions
`There is no undo function.
`
`See Also
`X, xrdb; Chapter 8, Other Clients; Appendix G, Widget Resources.
`
`Copyright
`Copyright© 1988, Digital Equipment Corporation. Copyright© 1989, Massachusetts Institute
`of Technology.
`
`594
`
`X Window System User's Guide
`
`0608
`
`

`
`Text Editor for X
`
`Author
`Chris D. Peterson, MIT X Consortium.
`
`xedit (continued)
`
`Reference, Pages
`
`595
`
`0609
`
`

`
`xev
`
`Name
`xev -print contents of X events.
`
`Syntax
`xev [options]
`
`~---------Print X Events-
`
`Description
`xev creates a window and then asks the X server to send it notices, called events, whenever
`anything happens to the window (such as being moved, resized, typed in, clicked in, etc.). It is
`useful for seeing what causes events to occur and to display the information that they contain.
`xev can be found in the demos directory in the X source tree. We feel it is sufficiently useful
`that we continue to document it here. See Chapter 14, Setup Clients, for instructions on using
`xev to assist in mapping keys.
`
`Options
`xev accepts the following options:
`
`-bs backing_store
`Specifies what kind of backing store to give the window (either Not Useful, When(cid:173)
`Mapped, Always). The default is Not Useful.
`-bw pixels
`Specifies the width of the window border in pixels.
`
`-display [host]:server[.screen]
`Allows you to specify the host, server, and screen to connect to. host is the host(cid:173)
`name of the physical display, server specifies the server number, and screen
`specifies the screen number. For example,
`
`xev -display your_node:O.l
`
`specifies screen 1 of server 0 on the display named by your_node. Either or both
`the host and screen elements can be omitted. If host is omitted, the local display
`is assumed. If screen is omitted, screen 0 is assumed (and the period is unneces(cid:173)
`sary). The colon and server are necessary in all cases.
`
`-geometry geometry
`The xev window is created with the specified size and location determined by the sup(cid:173)
`plied geometry specifica