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IPR2024-00236, No. 1014 Exhibit - Fundamental studies of granule consolidation Part 2 Quantifying the effect (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
Keywords: Granulation; Agglomeration; Consolidation; Inter-particle friction; Capillary forces; Viscous dissipation; Impact deformation; Dynamic yield stress 1.
The liquid binds the particles together by a combi- aation of capillary pressure, surface tension and viscous forces until more permanent bonds are formed by subsequent drying or sintering.
The model of Ouchiyama and Tanaka [8] agrees with the result that decreasing binder surface tension increases the rate of consolidation due to the reduced fric- tional forces at inter-particle contacts.
Comparison with single-impact granule deformation The complex interaction of capillary, viscous and inter- particle friction forces makes a priori prediction of consoli- dation behaviour difficult from first principles.
To test this hypothesis, the consolidation rate constant (k) was plotted against the dynamic yield stress (Y) measured during granule impacts [ 15] for all cases where identical particles and binders were used (Fig. 10).
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1014 Exhibit - Fundamental studies of granule consolidation Part 2 Quantifying the effect (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1009 Exhibit - Certified Translation of Shimada (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
[0005] As such, development of a technology for inexpensively manufacturing a granular gypsum having high water-soluble calcium content, excellent degradability, and a hardness at which mechanical fertilization is possible is widely required.
[0035] The degradable granular gypsum of the present invention is effective for crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, ornamental plants, pulses, and paddy rice.
Furthermore, the degradable granular gypsum is preferably added to a culture soil that contains an organic material or fertilizer having air permeability and water retention properties.
Furthermore, a third component such as calcium carbonate or a natural mineral such as vermiculite, perlite, and zeolite, and a common powdered gypsum dihydrate may be added to the culture soil.
Thus, culture soils that contain gypsum dihydrate and an organic material having excellent water retention and air permeability properties such as peat moss can grow strong seedlings into which calcium is absorbed.
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1009 Exhibit - Certified Translation of Shimada (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1001 Exhibit - US Patent No 9,873,638 (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
The method further includes feeding a binder recovered from flue gas streams resulting from the burning composition to the processing equipment and / or forming of energy sources containing concentrations of sulfur ( e .
30 In some embodiments of the method , the synthetic gyp In addition to the wallboard industry and cement manufac - sum fed to the forming device has a mean particle size of less turing , natural gypsum is also utilized in agriculture as than 100 microns .
Since the production of binder that comprises , or is one or more of the group synthetic gypsum is rapidly increasing as new scrubbers are consisting of , brewers condensed solubles , lignosulfonate , Prolime Agriculture, LLC Exhibit 1001 - Page 7
To generate beta - hemihydrate , at block 316 the process perature , the point at which dissociation of combined water includes injecting the dried synthetic gypsum into a vacuum begins to take place , of approximately 262° F .
utilized for further testing the 8D32L Pin Mixer discharge , The DP - 14 Agglo - Miser has a 14 " diameter pan , the depth also using 25 : 75 Norlig ATM calcium lignosulfonate solution to water as liquid binder ( see table 3 ) .
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1001 Exhibit - US Patent No 9,873,638 (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1008 Exhibit - Japanese Patent Publication JP2004024266A “Shimada” (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
J P 2 0 0 4 - 2 4 2 6 6 A 2 0 0 4 . 1 . 2 9 (57)【 要 約 】 【 課 題 】 植 物 の 成 長 に 有 用 な 水 溶 性 カ ル シ ウ ム を 多 く 含 有 す る 石 膏 を 、 優 れ た 崩 壊 性 と 硬 度 を 有 す る 粒 状 肥 料 あ る い は 土 壌 改 良 材 と
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1008 Exhibit - Japanese Patent Publication JP2004024266A “Shimada” (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1007 Exhibit - A Comparison of Liquid Binders for Limestone Pelletizing, Veverka et al (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
The purpose of this study is to give some direct comparisons of usage rates and physical properties for 11 binders used in a controlled test environment for 2 grades of limestone fines.
The Limestone pelletizing process produces a dry chemical product available to the general public in granular form for application on soil.
Dryer – Carrier Batch Vibrating Fluid Bed System set up with vertical stroke drive, 5 HP supply blower, 30 kw electric heater, and exhaust fan with cyclone.
Chemical – CaCO3 and MgCO3 Material source – Raymond mill Calcium Carbonate equivalent (CCE) = 93 % Effective Neutralizing value (ENV) = 84 % Moisture content – 0.1 % Bulk density – 83-110 #/cf
Chemical – CaCO3 Material source – Hammermill Calcium Carbonate equivalent (CCE) = 98.9% Effective Neutralizing value (ENV) = 93.0 % Moisture content – 0.01 % Bulk density – 91-112 #/cf
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1007 Exhibit - A Comparison of Liquid Binders for Limestone Pelletizing, Veverka et al (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1002 Exhibit - Declaration of Dr Bryan J Ennis (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
In addition, I understand that, in an inter partes review proceeding, the claim terms under consideration are to be given their ordinary and customary meaning, as would be understood by a POSA at the time of the invention, consistent with the specification and the prosecution history of the ‘638 Patent.
The claims of the ‘638 Patent are focused on four main features: (1) agglomeration of synthetic gypsum, (2) using a lignosulfonate binder with 18-40% solids, such that (3) the fertilizer particles have mean SGN from 100 to 500 and (4) crush strength from about 2 to about 12 lbf.
Furthermore, for the nine batches produced in Example II, material discharged from the granulator sized minus 6 plus 16 mesh Tyler Standard Screen Scale ranged from 42 to 76 percent, which corresponds to particles with diameters between 1 mm and 3.36 mm.
Moreover, as discussed in this section and in Grounds 1 and 2 above, Veverka and Harrison disclose similar agglomeration processes that employ the same binder and that produces pellets with the same properties (particle size and crush strength).
Veverka as modified by Pietsch for Element 17a discussed above teaches feeding dried synthetic gypsum and a binder composition comprising lignosulfonate having 18% to 40% solids to a mixer and mixing the material.
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1002 Exhibit - Declaration of Dr Bryan J Ennis (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1013 Exhibit - The Influence of Viscosity on the Strength of an Axially Strained Pendular (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
the Insufficient viscous diffusion time introduces classical added mass and Basset force effects as shown by Stokes (1851) for the case of a single sphere oscillat- ing in an unbounded fluid, or F&/6npaAa = Real
An area of intense theoretical and experimental research (Dussan V., 1979, Hockings and Rivers, 1982; Cox, 1986) having a significant effect on the strength of an axially strained pendular bridge is that of dy- namic liquid spreading on a solid surface and contact angle hysteresis.
Various oils were used to simulate industrially encoutered binders with the aim of experimentally establishing the rela- tive importance of the dimensionless groups govern- ing bridge strength as well as confirming the present approximate theoretical solution.
Influence of viscosity on an axially strained pendular liquid bridge 3077 and frequency supports a 42-cm lever arm which in turn provides the oscillatory vertical motion for the retracting rod and sphere assembly.
This would imply that the present theoretical analysis is sufficient to at least an order of magnitude in deter- mining the strength of dynamically strained pendular bridges between the small particles of industrial inter- est and thus, in some respects, justifies the conveni- ence of utilizing spheres of 2-mm radius for the majority of the experimental studies.
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1013 Exhibit - The Influence of Viscosity on the Strength of an Axially Strained Pendular (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1010 Exhibit - US Patent No 5,599,373 “Zanuccoli” (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1010 Exhibit - US Patent No 5,599,373 “Zanuccoli” (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1011 Exhibit - Excerpts from Micrometrics The Technology of Fine Particles, JM Dallaval (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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IPR2024-00236, No. 1011 Exhibit - Excerpts from Micrometrics The Technology of Fine Particles, JM Dallaval (P.T.A.B. Nov. 28, 2023)
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SYNTHETIC GYPSUM FERTILIZER PRODUCT AND METHOD OF MAKING, 13/962,903, No. LYYF5CR3BLUEX12 (U.S. Pat. App. Jul. 23, 2024)
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SYNTHETIC GYPSUM FERTILIZER PRODUCT AND METHOD OF MAKING, 13/962,903, No. LYYF5CR3BLUEX12 (U.S. Pat. App. Jul. 23, 2024)
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SYNTHETIC GYPSUM FERTILIZER PRODUCT AND METHOD OF MAKING, 13/962,903, No. LXCC4Q7ZBLUEX10 (U.S. Pat. App. Jun. 12, 2024)
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SYNTHETIC GYPSUM FERTILIZER PRODUCT AND METHOD OF MAKING, 13/962,903, No. LXCC4Q7ZBLUEX10 (U.S. Pat. App. Jun. 12, 2024)
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Docket
13/962,903,
U.S. Patent Application
(Aug. 8, 2013)
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SYNTHETIC GYPSUM FERTILIZER PRODUCT AND METHOD OF MAKING, 13/962,903 (U.S. Pat. App.)
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