(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`
`(19) World Intellectual Property Organization
`International Bureau
`
`(43) International Publication Date
`6 December 2007 (06.12.2007)
`
`(51) International Patent Classification:
`CZZC 38/24 (2006.01)
`
`(21) International Application Number:
`PCT/RU2006/000269
`
`(22) International Filing Date:
`
`26 May 2006 (26.05.2006)
`
`(25) Filing Language:
`
`(26) Publication Language:
`
`English
`
`English
`
`(71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): STATE
`EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER PRO-
`FESSIONAL TRAINING [RU/RU]; Irkutsk State Uni—
`versity of Ways of Communication, (IrGUPS/IrHT), ul.
`Tchemyshevskova, 15, Irkutsk — 74, 664074 (RU).
`
`ul.
`(72) Inventors: KORNEEVA, Larissa Victorovna;
`Transportnaya,
`69—25, Novokuznetsk,
`654018 (RU).
`TCHERNYAK, Saul Samuilovicll; ul. Krasnokazachya,
`10—2,
`Irkutsk, 664007 (RU). DEMENTYEV, Valeriy
`Petrovich;
`ul.
`Metallurgov,
`24—25, Novokuznetsk,
`654000 (RU). KOZYRYEV, Nikolay Anatolyevicll;
`ul. Metallurgov, 63—64, Novokuznetsk, 654007 (RU).
`RUDENKOV, Valeriy Alexandrovich; ul. Kirov, 11—73,
`Novokuznetsk, 654080 (RU). KHOMENKO, Andrey
`Pavlovich; ul. Krasnoarmeyskaya, 2—23, Irkutsk, 664007
`
` (10) International Publication Number
`
`WO 2007/139417 A1
`
`(RU). KLOKOV, Mikhail Vladimirovich; ul.
`noarmeyskaya, 30—7—1, Irkutsk, 664003 (RU).
`
`Kras—
`
`(81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for ever
`kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM,
`AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN,
`CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI,
`GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE,
`KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV,
`LY, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MZ, NA, NG, NI,
`NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG,
`SK, SL, SM, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US,
`UZ, VC, VN, YU, ZA, ZM, ZW.
`
`(84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated for ever
`kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH,
`GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM,
`ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM),
`European (AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI,
`FR, GB, GR, HU, 1E, 18, [1, LT, LU, LV, MC, NL, PL, PT,
`RO, SE, SI, SK, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA,
`GN, GQ, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).
`
`Published:
`
`with international search report
`
`For two—letter codes and other abbreviations, refer to the ”Guid—
`ance Notes on Codes and Abbreviations ” appearing at the begin—
`ning of each regular issue of the PCT Gazette.
`
`(54) Title: RAIL STEEL
`
`(57) Abstract: The rail steel is claimed. The technical result consists in the improving of the complex of its physical and mechanical
`characteristics and ofits operational proof strength. The rail steel contains the following components (weight %) : carbon 0,71—0,82,
`manganese 0,75—1,10, silicon 0,40—0,60, chromium 0,70—120, aluminium less then 0,005, vanadium 0,05—0,l7, calcium 0,0001—0,005,
`azote 0,005—0,020, nickel 0,03—0,20, barium 0,0001—0,005, strontium 0,0001—0,005, iron —the rest. The rail steel thereby can contain
`sulphur less then 0,020 wt.%, phosphorus less then 0,025 wt.% and copper less then 0,15 wt.% as additives.
`
`
`
`W02007/139417A1|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
`
`

`

`WO 2007/139417
`
`PCT/RU2006/000269
`
`1
`
`Rail Steel
`
`The invention
`
`to be patented refers to ferrous metallurgy and in
`
`particular to steel used for making rails.
`
`The known kind of rail steel chosen as a prototype [1] contains (weight per
`
`cent, %)
`
`carbon
`
`0.62 - 0.84
`
`manganese
`
`0.8 - 1.3
`
`silicon
`
`0.2 - 1.0
`
`chromium
`
`0.6 — 1.5
`
`aluminium
`
`0.02 - 0.05
`
`vanadium
`
`0.03 - 0.12
`
`calcium
`
`0.001 — 0.05
`
`iron
`
`the rest
`
`This kind of steel essential disadvantage is its low operational stability
`
`caused by the poor complex of its physical and mechanical properties.
`
`There is also a known kind of E76F rail steel [2] having (weight per cent,
`
`%)
`
`carbon
`
`0.71 — 0.82
`
`manganese
`
`0.75 - 1.05
`
`silicon
`
`0.25 - 0.45
`
`vanadium
`
`0.03 - 0.15
`
`chromium
`
`not more than 0.15
`
`nickel
`
`copper
`
`iron
`
`not more than 0.15
`
`not more than 0.15
`
`.
`
`the rest
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
`
`

`

`WO 2007/139417
`
`PCT/RU2006/000269
`
`2
`
`This kind of steel
`
`essential disadvantage is the low endurance of rails
`
`without thermal treatment as well as the need for steel thermal pretreatment in
`
`order to improve its operational characteristics.
`
`There also exists a known kind of rail steel [3] containing carbon, silicon,
`
`manganese, chromium, wolfram, cerium and iron which features additional
`
`components as aluminium, boron, lanthanum to improve fatigue and short
`
`metal strength. The components proportion is the following (weight per cent,
`
`%>
`
`carbon
`
`silicon
`
`0.6 — 0.8
`
`0.5 - 1.3
`
`manganese
`
`0.5 — 1.0
`
`chromium
`
`0.5 — 1.0
`
`wolfram
`
`0.5 — 1.0
`
`cerium
`
`0.003 — 0.15
`
`aluminium
`
`0.03 — 0.05
`
`boron
`
`0.002 — 0.007
`
`lanthanum
`
`0.003 — 0.1
`
`iron
`
`the rest
`
`This steel
`
`main disadvantage is its high cost because of the wolfram
`
`and lanthanum content as well as its contamination by non—metal inclusions
`
`caused by cerium presence, so called cerium edge non—uniformity.
`
`The intended technical effect of the invention is improving of the
`
`complex of its physical and mechanical characteristics and of its Operational
`
`strength.
`
`To achieve this purpose the rail steel containing carbon, manganese,
`
`silicon, chromium, aluminium, vanadium, calcium and iron, contains in
`
`addition azote, nickel, barium and strontium. The components ratio is the
`
`following (weight, per cent %)
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
`
`

`

`W0 2007/139417
`
`PCT/RU2006/000269
`
`3
`
`carbon
`
`0.71 - 0.82
`
`manganese
`
`0.75 - 1.10
`
`silicon
`
`0.40 — 0.60
`
`chromium
`
`0.70 — 1.20
`
`aluminium
`
`less than 0.005
`
`vanadium
`
`0.05 — 0.15
`
`calcium
`
`0.0001 — 0.005
`
`azote
`
`0.005 — 0.020
`
`nickel
`
`0.03 — 0.20
`
`barium
`
`0.0001 — 0.005
`
`strontium
`
`0.0001 —~ 0.005
`
`iron
`
`the rest
`
`And the steel can also contain sulphur (less than 0.020%), phosphorus
`
`(less than 0.025%), copper (less than 0.15%) as additives.
`
`The requested rail steel chemical composition was chosen on the base of
`
`the following considerations.
`
`Increasing of silicon weight per cent up to 0.60% improves the rail steel
`
`yield and strength. At decreasing silicon addition to less than 0.40% dramatic
`
`reduction of these parameters is observed.
`
`The determined amount of chromium addition is supposed to provide
`
`high resistance to wear and strength properties of the steel. Decreasing the
`
`chromium content to 0.70% does not provide the required track rails durability
`
`and if the chromium percentage increases to more than 1.20% the steel cost
`
`grows significantly while its strength properties are the same.
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
`
`

`

`wo 2007/139417
`
`PCT/RU2006/000269
`
`4
`
`The aluminium content was calculated, on one hand, after getting of
`
`available fine grain and, on the other hand, after
`
`the elimination of
`
`inadmissible aluminous non-metallic inclusions.
`
`The manganese amount in determined limits provides required rails
`
`resistance to wear.
`
`Azote addition makes it possible to get austenite fine grain to provide
`
`increase of the rail steel strength and resistance to fragility.
`
`Vanadium presence helps thereby to get required azote solubility in its
`
`compounds. If azote content is less than 0.005% grain bucking is impossible
`
`and, thereby, required steel hardness cannot be reached. And if azote content
`
`is more than 0.020% it causes azote not to be dissolved and inadmissible
`
`nipples to appear in steel.
`
`The determined azote and vanadium content and ratio ensure required
`
`steel impact strength (even at temperature below zero) because of carbonic
`
`nitrite setting.
`
`Nickel content being more than 0.20% the possibility of getting
`
`inadmissible microscopic structures increases. Nickel addition being reduced
`
`to less than 0.03% makes the steel impact strength lower.
`
`Barium and strontium addition makes it possible to modify such tensions
`
`concentrators sources as non—metal inclusions, to prevent creation of so called
`
`“dangerous” alumina incluSions, to increase the steel purity from oxide and
`
`sulphide ones,
`
`to provide globe inclusions formation and to eliminate
`
`backstitch aluminates inclusions formation. In case of adding more than
`
`0.005% barium and strontium weight per cent to the steel, there is a danger to
`
`get barium and strontium non—metal
`
`inclusions worsening steel physical
`
`properties.
`
`Phosphorus,
`
`sulphur
`
`and copper
`
`content
`
`limitation causes
`
`the
`
`improvement of the surface quality of the ready steel rolled and advance in its
`
`physical and mechanical properties.
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
`
`

`

`WO 2007/139417
`
`PCT/RU2006/000269
`
`5
`
`A series of tentative smelts Was made in arc steel furnaces DSP—lOOI7.
`
`The rail steel chemical composition is shown in the Table 1 (fig. 1).
`
`The steel having been poured at MNLZ the rolling of R65 type rails was
`
`made. Having been rolled the rails were not processed with thermal treatment.
`
`The tests results of their mechanical properties in hot rolled state
`
`in
`
`comparison with the prototype steel kind shown in the Table 2 (fig. 2) reflect
`
`that the requested rail steel chemical composition provides improvement upon
`
`the mechanical properties of the steel. And this improvement, in its turn,
`
`increases the operational proof strength of track rails.
`
`References
`
`1. HaTeHT PCI) N9 819208, C. 22 C 38/24.
`
`2. POCT P 51685-2000 “PGJIBCBI menesHorropoxcHLIe. Dorm/1e TeXHqucKHe
`
`yCJIOBHH”.
`
`3. HaTeHT 13(1) N9 522265, C. 22 C 38/22.
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
`
`

`

`WO 2007/139417
`
`PCT/RU2006/000269
`
`The Rail Steel Chemical Composition
`
`Table 1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`The
`
`C
`
`Mn
`
`compo
`sition
`
`
`
`Si
`
`Cr
`
`A1
`
`V
`
`0.41
`
`0.70
`
`0.001
`
`0.05
`
`0.0001
`
`.0
`
`
`3
`0.73
`0.92
`0.49
`0.82
`0.005
`0.12
`
`0.003
`
`0.010
`
`4
`0.80
`0.98
`—- 1.01
`5
`n- 1.10
`The
`0.62-
`0.8-
`
`0.015
`0.003
`0.10
`0.002
`0.98
`0.54
`
`0.58
`1.16
`0.005
`0.15
`0.005
`0.018
`0.60
`1.20
`0.005
`0.15
`0.005
`0.020
`
`
`
`
`
`‘
`
`prototy
`06
`
`084
`
`1.3
`
`
`
`
`
`
` Ca
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`0.03
`
`0.0001
`
`0.0001
`
`0.008
`
`0.015
`
`2
`
`0.16 '
`
`.
`
`.
`
`009
`
`0.003
`
`0.004
`
`0.003
`
`
`
`
`
`
`The
`
`prototype
`
`E76F by
`Russian
`
`S 0.15
`
`
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
`
`

`

`WO 2007/139417
`
`PCT/RU2006/000269
`
`The Mechanical Properties of the Rail Steel
`
`Table 2
`
`The
`
`KCU
`
`on,
`%
`
`n 1100
`The
`8 80— 1200
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Yield strenth, Ultimate
`Elongati
`Strength,
`compos
`
`
`
`
`Impact Strength,
`
`
`
`ition
`H/mm
`Joule /cm2
`
`
`
`
`
`‘
`‘
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`prototy
`
`
`1490—1720 I.016-027I
`
`HI!
`
`22—28
`
`pe
`
`
`
`
`
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
`
`

`

`WO 2007/139417
`
`PCT/RU2006/000269
`
`8
`
`The Summary of the Invention
`
`The rail
`
`steel containing carbon, manganese,
`
`silicon,
`
`chromium,
`
`aluminium, vanadium, calcium and iron, differs in additions of azote, nickel,
`
`barium and strontium. The components proportion is the following (weight
`
`per cent, %)
`
`carbon
`
`0.71 - 0.82
`
`manganese
`
`0.75 - 1.10
`
`silicon
`
`0.40 - 0.60
`
`chromium
`
`0.70 - 1.20
`
`aluminium
`
`less than 0.005
`
`vanadium
`
`0.05 — 0.15
`
`calcium
`
`0.0001 — 0.005
`
`azote
`
`0.005 —— 0.020
`
`nickel
`
`0.03 — 0.20
`
`barium
`
`0.0001 — 0.005
`
`strontium
`
`0.0001 — 0.005
`
`iron
`
`the rest
`
`The rail steel thereby can contain sulphur (less than 0.020%), phosphorus
`
`(less than 0.025%), copper (less than 0.15%) as additives.
`
`SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
`
`

`

`INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT
`
`International application No.
`PCT/RU 2006/000269
`
`A. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER
`
`C22C 38/24 (2006.01)
`
`
`According to International Patent Classification (IPC) or to both national classification and IPC
`B. FIELDS SEARCHED
`
`Minimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols):
`C22C 38/00, 38/18, 38/24, 38/58
`
`Documentation searched other than minimum documentation to the extent that such documents are included in the fields
`searched
`
`Electronic data base consulted during the international search (name of data base and, where practicable, search terms
`used): RUPAT, RUPAT_OLD, PAJ, Esp@cenet
`
`C. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT
`
`Category* Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant to claim No.
`
`RU 2100471 C1 (AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO “KUZNETSKY
`IVIETALLURGICHESKY KOMBINAT”) 27.12.1997, abstract
`
`RU 216 12 1 0 C1 (OTKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO
`“KUZNETSKY METALLURGICHESKY KONIBINAT”) 27.12.2000,
`abstract
`
`RU 2197539 C2 (OTKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO
`“KUZNETSKY METALLURGICI—[ESKY KOIVIBINAT”) 27.01.2003,
`table 1
`
`JP 2004043963 Al (NIPPON STEEL CORP) 12.02.2004, abstract
`
`[:1 See patent family annex.
`1:] Further documents are listed in the continuation of Box C.
`* Special categories of cited documents:
`"T" later document published afier the international filing date or priority
`"A“ document defining the general state of the art which is nit
`considered
`to be of particular relevance
`"E" earlier application or document but published on or after
`the international filing date
`”L" document which may throw doubts on priority claim(s) or
`which is
`cited to establish the publication date of another citation or other
`special reason (as specified)
`"0" document referring to an oral disclosure, use, exhibition
`or other means
`"P" document published prior to the international filing date but
`later than
`the priority date claimed
`
`date and not in conflict with the application but cited to understand
`the principle or theory underlying the invention
`
`"X" document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be
`considered novel or cannot be considered to involve an inventive step
`when the document is taken alone
`
`
`
`"Y" document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be
`
`considered to involve an inventive step when the document is
`
`combined with one or more other such documents, such combination
`being obvious to a person skilled in the art
`"&" document member of the same patent family
`
`Date of the actual completion of the international search
`18 December 2006 (18.12.2006)
`
`
`Date of mailing of the international search report
`22 February 2007 (22.02.2007)
`
`
`Name and mailing address of the ISA/RU FIPS
`Russia, 123995, Moscow, G—59, GSP-S,
`Berezhkovskaya nab., 30-1
`
`Facsimile No. 240—33-15
`Form PCT/ISA/210 (second sheet) (April 2005)
`
`Authorized officer
`
`I. Gryaznova
`
`Tele hone No. 240-2591
`
`