(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
`
`(19) World Intellectual Property
`Organization
`International Bureau
`
`Q
`
`(43) International Publication Date
`23 November 2017 (23.11.2017)
`
`%
`WIPOI PCT
`
`(10) International Publication Number
`
`WO 2017/199079 A1
`
`(51)
`
`International Patent Classification:
`
`C22C 38/04 (2006.01)
`C22C 38/18 (2006.01)
`
`C22C 38/02 (2006 .01)
`3603 17/00 (2006.01)
`
`(21)
`
`International Application Number:
`
`PCT/IB2017/000518
`
`(22)
`
`International Filing Date:
`
`TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW,
`KM, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG).
`
`Declarations under Rule 4.17:
`
`ofinventorship (Rule 4.1 7(iv))
`Published:
`
`03 May 2017 (03.05.2017)
`
`with international search report (Art. 21 (3))
`
`(25)
`
`(26)
`
`(30)
`
`(71)
`
`(72)
`
`(81)
`
`Filing Language:
`
`Publication Language:
`
`English
`
`English
`
`Priority Data:
`2016119331
`
`19 May2016(19.05.2016)
`
`RU
`
`Applicant: RAIL 1520 IP LTD [CY/CY]; ArchMakariou
`III, 155, PROTEAS HOUSE, 5th Floor, 3026 Limassol
`(CY).
`
`BEZOBRAZOV, Yuriy Alekseevich;
`Inventors:
`Leningradskaya ob1., pos., b. Mendeleeva d. 14, kv. 104,
`Murino, 188662 (RU). BROYTMAN, Oleg Arkadievich;
`Svetlanovsky pr., (1. 74, k. 1, kv. 195, St. Petersburg, 195297
`(RU). TERENTIEV, Maksim Igorevich; Leningradskaya
`obl, pos., b, Mendeleeva d. 5, k.
`l, kv. 117, Murine,
`188662 (RU). ORLOVA, Anna Mikhailovna; U1. 6-ya
`Krasnoarmeiskaya, d. 22, kv. 19, Saint-Petersburg, 190005
`(RU). KYAKK, Kiirill Valterovich; pr. Bolsheohlinsky, d.
`12, kv. 36, Saint-Petersburg, 195027 (RU). SAVUSHKIN,
`Roman Aleksandrovich; Presnensky per.,
`(1. 2, kV. 43,
`Moscow, 121069 (RU).
`
`Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every
`kind ofnational protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM,
`A0, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ,
`CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO,
`DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GII, GM, GT, IIN,
`HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, 1R, IS, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR,
`KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG,
`MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM,
`PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC,
`SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR,
`TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW.
`
`(84)
`
`Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every
`kina’ ofregional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH,
`GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ,
`UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ,
`TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK,
`EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV,
`MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM,
`
`(54) Title: STEEL FOR PRODUCING RAILWAY WHEELS
`
`(57) Abstract: The invention relates to metal industry and more particularly to alloy for producing steel wheels for railway transport.
`The steel comprises following component, in % Wt: from 0.45 to 0.60 % of carbon, from 0.38 to 0.50 % of silicon, from 0.80 to 1.00 %
`of manganese, up to 0.15 % of vanadium, from 0.80 to 1.00 % of chromium, up to 0.02 % of phosphorus, up to 0.015 % of sulfur, up
`to 0.3 % of cuprum, up to 0.25 % of nickel, up to 0.04 % of aluminum, the balance of iron. The claimed steel alloy for use in producing
`railway Wheels either by metal working process or by casting methods has improved mechanical and operational properties.
`
`
`
`wo2017/199079A1|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
`
`

`

`WO 2017/199079
`
`PCT/IB2017/000518
`
`DESCRIPTION
`
`STEEL FOR PRODUCING RAILWAY WHEELS
`
`Technical Field
`
`The invention relates to metal
`
`industry and can be used for
`
`producing steel railway wheels for railway transport.
`
`Background Art
`
`Known is a wheel steel having following chemical composition
`
`% wt} 0.35—0.70 % of carbon, 0.20-0.60 % of silicon, 0.50-1.20
`
`% of manganese,
`
`0 08—0.20 % of vanadium, 0.30-0f50 % of cuprum
`
`10
`
`and the balance of iron (SU 451785,
`
`IPC C22C39/00, published
`
`on 30.11.1974).
`
`This prior art wheel steel exhibits insufficient hardness,
`
`fatigue strength and_crack resistance.
`
`Known is a steel alloy for railway wheels, comprising following
`
`components,
`
`% wt:
`
`from 0.40 to 0.77 % of carbon,
`
`from 0.25 to
`
`0.60 % of silicon,
`
`from 0.40 to 1.20 % of manganese,
`
`less than
`
`0.06 % of aluminum,
`
`less than 0.03% of phosphorus, up to 0.03
`
`% of sulfur, up to 0.35 % of nickel, up to 0.35 % of chromium,
`
`up to 0.005 % of calcium, up to 0.015 % nitrogen,
`
`the balance
`
`of iron and impurities (US 6663727.BZ, C22C38/00, C22C38/40,
`C2lD9/34, published on 20.06.2002).
`I
`
`The prior art
`
`steel alloy is highly resistant
`
`to rim
`
`destruction. However,
`
`the alloy is characterized by low impact
`
`strength and relatively low wear—resistance.
`
`Disclosure of Invention
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`A technical result achieved by the invention is in improving
`
`mechanical properties
`
`(strength, hardness,
`
`impact strength)
`
`

`

`WO 2017/199079
`
`PCT/IB2017/000518
`
`and operational properties (wear-resistance, crack resistance,
`
`cold resistance) of steel
`
`for producing wheels for railway
`
`vehicles.
`
`The above~mentioned technical result is achieved by the fact
`
`that the claimed steel comprises following components,
`
`% wt:
`
`from 0.45 to 0.60 % of carbon;
`
`from 0.38 to 0.50 % of silicon;
`
`from 0.80 to 1.00 % of manganese;
`
`up to 0.15 % of vanadium;
`
`10
`
`from 0.80 to 1.00 % of chromium;
`
`up to
`
`0
`
`.02 % of phosphorus;
`
`up to 0.015 % of sulfur;
`
`up to 0
`
`.30 % of cuprum;
`
`up to
`
`0
`
`.25 % of nickel;
`
`15
`
`up to 0.04_% of aluminum;
`
`the balance of iron.
`
`The
`
`chemical
`
`composition of
`
`the proposed steel has been
`
`composed on the basis of the following.
`
`The carbon content in the claimed steel within the range (0.454
`
`20
`
`% provides the required strength, hardness, wear and
`0.60)
`crack resistance. When the carbon content is less than 0.45%
`
`the quantity of carbide phase is decreased,
`
`therefore strength
`
`properties and wear resistance are decreased as well. When the
`
`carbon content
`
`is more
`
`than 0.6% the liability to brittle
`
`25
`
`fracture is decreased.
`
`The silicon content
`
`in the range of
`
`(0.38—0.50)
`
`% and the
`
`manganese content
`
`in the range of
`
`(0.80—1.00)
`
`% provide the
`
`required hardness penetration and
`
`increasing of
`
`a
`
`solid
`
`solution hardening.
`
`30
`
`The vanadium content being up 0.15% provides the more stable
`
`carbide phase VC (vanadium carbide)
`
`that allows controlling
`
`

`

`WO 2017/199079
`
`PCT/IB2017/000518
`
`the size of austenite grain. A small size and homogeneous
`
`distribution
`
`of
`
`vanadium
`
`carbides
`
`facilitate
`
`steel
`
`strengthening and increasing of an impact resistance.
`
`Chromium is the base carbide-forming element. The chromium
`
`content
`
`from 0.80% to 1.00% provides the required hardness
`
`penetration of steel, strength retention at high temperatures,
`
`improving steel wear resistance due to chromium carbides, and
`
`facilitates
`
`formation of
`
`highly dispersed structure
`
`of
`
`pearlite.
`
`The phosphorus content being up to 0.02% and sulfur content
`
`being up to_0.015% are supposed to be effective since increased
`
`contents of these components negatively effect on the impact
`
`resistance, especially at low temperatures.
`
`The cuprum content being up to 0.3% provides stabile strength
`
`properties of steel while maintaining a desired level of impact
`
`resistance at.
`
`,
`
`Nickel in the concentration range of up to 0.25% is essential
`
`for
`
`increasing the pimpact
`
`resistance,
`
`cold.
`
`resistance_ and
`
`liability to brittle fracture.
`
`Aluminum nitrides actively prevent austenite grains
`
`from
`
`growing whereby helping to form fine structure and as a result
`
`to increase impact resistance. However, due to re-oxidation of
`
`metallic jet
`
`in pouring process,
`
`scrap level
`
`is increased;
`
`therefore,
`
`the aluminum content is limited to 0.04%.
`
`The steel of the proposed chemical composition allows producing
`
`high—strength railway wheels by metal forming methods as well
`
`as by casting methods.
`
`In order
`
`to manufacture cast steel
`
`railway wheels high the mechanical and operational properties
`
`should be set mainly by chemical composition of steel,
`
`by
`
`modification thereof, by solidity of casting and by further
`
`operations of heat treatment and shot peening.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`

`

`WO 2017/199079
`
`PCT/IB2017/000518
`
`Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
`
`The invention is implemented as follows and is illustrated in
`
`an example of producing cast railway wheels.
`
`Using
`
`thermodynamic
`
`analysis
`
`approach and
`
`computer—based
`
`‘ 5
`
`simulation methods
`
`the appropriate chemical composition of
`
`steel was
`
`found, which composition providing the desired
`
`combination
`
`of properties. Theoretical
`
`calculations
`
`are
`
`supported by results of
`
`tests on mechanical properties and
`
`material microstructure parameters of wheels being produced in
`in series of test heats.
`.
`
`10
`
`Cast wheels produced from the steel according to the claimed
`
`chemical
`treatment
`
`test heats after heat
`composition in batch of
`(quenching of
`rim and subsequent
`temper), exhibit
`
`high strength. and operational properties with.
`
`the desired
`
`15
`
`plastic properties degree and impact strength,
`
`including:
`
`— rim hardness at a depth of 30 mm from tread surface is not
`
`less than 330 HB;
`
`— ultimate resistance of rim is not less than 1050 MPa;
`
`-
`
`-
`
`20
`
`impact strength in rim at +20°C is not less than 25 J/cm2;
`
`impact strength in wheel plate at +20°C is not less than 32
`
`J/cm2;
`
`—
`
`impact strength in wheel plate at -60°C is not less than 16
`
`J/cm2;
`
`— hardness of wheel plate is not less than 230 HB;
`
`25
`
`— ultimate resistance of wheel plate is not less than 900 MPa.
`
`

`

`WO 2017/199079
`
`PCT/IB2017/000518
`
`CLAIMS
`
`A steel for producing railway wheels characterized in that it
`
`comprises the following components,
`
`% wt:
`
`from 0.45 to 0.60 % of carbon,
`
`from 0.38 to 0.50% of silicon,
`
`from 0.80 to 1.00 % of manganese,
`
`up to 0.15 % of vanadium,
`
`from 0.80 to 1.00 % of chromium,
`
`0
`
`up to
`
`.02 % of phosphorus,
`\O
`up to 0.015 0 of sulfur,
`
`up to 0.30 % of cuprum,
`
`up to 0.25 % of nickel.
`
`up to 0.04 %‘of aluminum,
`
`the balance of iron.
`
`

`

`
`
`INTERNAWONALSEARCHREPORT
` International application No
`
`A. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER
`
`PCT/IBZOl7/000518
`
`INV. C22C38/04
`ADD.
`
`C22C38/18
`
`C22C38/02
`
`B6OBl7/00
`
`According to International Patent Classification (IPC) or to both national classification and IPC
`B. FIELDS SEARCHED
`Minimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols)
`CZZC B603
`
`Documentation searched other than minimum documentation to the extent that such documents are included in the fields searched
`
`Electronic data base consulted during the international search (name of data base and, where practicable, search terms used)
`
`EPO-Internal, NPI Data
`
`C. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT
`
`Category"
`
`Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages
`
`Relevant to claim No.
`
`
`
`(HASHIMURA MASAYUKI
`US 2015/203943 Al
`ET AL) 23 July 2015 (2015-07-23)
`claims 1-3
`tables 1-3
`
`[JP]
`
`WO 96/00311 A2 (ZDB A S [CZ])
`4 January 1996 (1996-01-04)
`claim 1
`page 1
`pages 4,5
`
`RU 2 349 675 c2 (NOVOKUZNETSKIJ METALL KOM
`AOOT [RU]) 20 March 2009 (2009-03-20)
`the whole document
`
`Further documents are listed in the continuation of Box 0.
`
`* Special categories of cited documents :
`
`"A" document defining the general state of the art which is not considered
`to be of particular relevance
`"E" earlier application or patent but published on or after the international
`filing date
`"L" documentwhich may throw doubts on priority claim(s) or which is
`cited to establish the publication date of another citation or other
`special reason (as specified)
`"0" document referring to an oral disclosure, use, exhibition or other
`means
`"P" document published prior to the international filing date but later than
`the priority date claimed
`Date of the actual completion of the international search
`
`"T" later document published after the international filing date or priority
`date and not in conflict with the application but cited to understand
`the principle or theory underlying the invention
`
`"X" document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be
`considered novel or cannot be considered to involve an inventive
`step when the document is taken alone
`"Y" document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be
`considered to involve an inventive step when the document is
`combined With one or more other such documents, such combination
`being obvious to a person skilled in the art
`
`"&" document member of the same patent family
`Date of mailing of the international search report
`
`18 July 2017
`Name and mailing address of the ISA/
`European Patent Office, PB. 5818 Patentlaan 2
`NL - 2280 HV Rijswijk
`Tel. (+31-70) 340-2040,
`Fax: (+31-70) 340-3016
`
`Form PCT/ISA/210 (second sheet) (April 2005)
`
`25/07/2017
`Authorized officer
`
`Vlassi, Eleni
`
`

`

`INTERNAWONALSEARCHREPORT
`
`
`
`
`C(Continuation). DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT
`
`Oategon/
`
`Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages
`
`International application No
`
`PCT/IBZOl7/000518
`
`
`
`
`
`Relevant to claim No.
`
`DE 31 11 420 Al
`(SCHWEIZERISCHE LOKOMOTIV
`[CH]) 14 October( 1982 (1982— 10— 14)
`tables 1, 2
`claim 1
`
`22 June 1990 (1990—06-22)
`the whole document
`
`WO 2007/139417 Al
`INSTITUTION [RU])
`6 December 2007 (2007—12—06)
`page 6
`
`(STATE EDUCATIONAL
`
`GB 1 452 450 A (KRUPP AG HUETTENWERKE)
`13 October 1976 (1976-10-13)
`table 1
`claims 1-10
`
`JP H11 279696 A (SUMITOMO METAL IND)
`12 October 1999 (1999-10-12)
`the whole document
`
`JP H11 350065 A (DAIDO STEEL CO LTD)
`21 December 1999 (1999-12-21)
`the whole document
`
` JP H02 163319 A (NIPPON STEEL CORP)
`
`Form PCT/ISA/210 (continuation of second sheet) (April 2005)
`
`

`

`
`
`
`membe r(s)
`
`date
`
`104583442 A
`CN
`5794396 B2
`JP
`JP W02014061782 A1
`KR
`20150036777 A
`US
`2015203943 A1
`W0
`2014061782
`
`29-04—2015
`14-10—2015
`05-09-2016
`07-04-2015
`23-07—2015
`24-04-2014
`
`9401568
`9600311
`
`17-01—1996
`04-01—1996
`
`370366
`648600
`3111420
`
`25-03—1983
`29-03—1985
`14-10—1982
`
`344241
`8143975
`7503290
`1041799
`2425187
`2271944
`1452450
`1038237
`8516812
`8556700
`407696
`
`w
`3329263
`H11279696 A
`
`10-07-1978
`25-11-1976
`27-04-1976
`07-11—1978
`04-12-1975
`19-12-1975
`13-10-1976
`20-11-1979
`20-01—1976
`19-02—1980
`09-04-1979
`
`30-09-2002
`12-10-1999
`
`INTERNAWONALSEARCHREPORT
`Information on patent family members
`
`International application No
`
`PCT/IBZOl7/000518
`
`
`
`
`Patent document
`cited in search report
`
`US 2015203943
`
`A1
`
`
`
`
`Publication
`date
`
`23-07-2015
`
`
`
`
`GB 1452450
`
`13-10-1976
`
`Form PCT/ISA/210 (patent family annex) (April 2005)
`
`