DISPLAY APPARATUS
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`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
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`[0001] This application claims priority from and the benefit of Korean Patent Application
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`No. 10-2017-0088914, filed on July 13, 2017, which is hereby incorporated by reference for all
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`purposes as if fully set forth herein.
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`BACKGROUND
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`[0002] FIELD
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`[0003] Exemplary embodiments relate to a display apparatus. More particularly,
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`exemplary embodiments relate to a display apparatus having improved display quality by
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`reducing defects due to static electricity.
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`[0004] DISCUSSION OF THE BACKGROUND
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`[0005] Among display apparatuses, organic light-emitting display apparatuses have been
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`spotlighted as next-generation display apparatuses because of their wide Viewing angles, high
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`contrast ratios, and fast response times.
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`[0006] In general, an organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a thin-fllm
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`transistor (TFT) and organic light-emitting deVices formed on a substrate, where the organic
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`light-emitting deVices emit light by themselves. Such an organic light-emitting display apparatus
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`is generally applied to a small product such as a mobile phone or a large product such as a
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`teleVision.
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`[0007] Such an organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a display unit including
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`an organic light-emitting device. The display unit includes the organic light-emitting device and
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`displays an image when the organic light-emitting device emits light by itself. Rather than just a
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`conventional rectangular shape, different applications require that the display unit have different
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`shapes according to fit a particular application.
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`[0008] A display apparatus including a display unit having non-rectangular shape have
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`problems in that a portion of the display unit is vulnerable to static electricity due to a structural
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`difference between flat edge display and non-flat edge. The static electricity may damage a pixel
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`causing the display to failing to display a high quality image.
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`[0009] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for
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`enhancement of understanding of the background of the inventive concept, and, therefore, it may
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`contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a
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`person of ordinary skill in the art.
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`SUMMARY
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`[0010] Exemplary embodiments provide a display apparatus having improved display
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`quality by reducing defects due to static electricity.
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`[0011] Additional aspects will be set forth in the detailed description which follows, and,
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`in part, will be apparent from the disclosure, or may be learned by practice of the inventive
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`concept.
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`[0012] According to one or more exemplary embodiments, a display apparatus includes:
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`a substrate including a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area, the
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`display area including a main area located at a center of the substrate, a first protruding area
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`extending from the main area and protruding toward the peripheral area in a first direction and
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`second protruding area extending from the main area and protruding toward the peripheral area
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`in the first direction, the second protruding area being spaced apart from the first protruding area
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`in a second direction that intersects the first direction, and a groove portion is disposed between
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`the first protruding area and the second protruding area; a display unit including a first light
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`emitter disposed on the first protruding area and a second light emitter disposed on the second
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`protruding area; a first load matching part disposed on a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to
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`the first light emitter and electrically connected to the first light emitter; and a second load
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`matching part disposed on a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to the second light emitter
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`and electrically connected to the second light emitter.
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`[0013] According to one or more exemplary embodiments; a display apparatus includes:
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`a substrate including a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area; the
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`display area including a main area located at a center of the substrate and a first protruding area
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`extending from the main area and protruding toward the peripheral area in a first direction; a
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`second protruding area extending from the main area and protruding toward the peripheral area
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`in the first direction; and a groove portion is disposed between the first protruding area and the
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`second protruding area; a display unit including a first light emitter disposed on a first portion of
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`the first protruding area; a second light emitter disposed on a first portion of the second
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`protruding area; a third light emitter disposed on a second portion of the first protruding area; and
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`a fourth light emitter disposed on a second portion of the second protruding area; a first load
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`matching part disposed on a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to the first light emitter and
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`electrically connected to the first light emitter; a second load matching part disposed on a
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`portion of the peripheral area adjacent to the second light emitter and electrically connected to
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`the second light emitter; and a third load matching part disposed on a portion of the peripheral
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`area between the third light emitter and the fourth light emitter and electrically connected to the
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`third light emitter and the fourth light emitter.
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`[0014] The foregoing general description and the following detailed description are
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`exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed
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`subject matter.
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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`[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further
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`understanding of the inventive concept, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this
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`specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, and, together with the
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`description, serve to explain principles of the inventive concept.
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`[0016] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a display apparatus according to an embodiment.
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`[0017] FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view illustrating a portion A of the display apparatus of
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`FIG. 1.
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`[0018] FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating a part of the display apparatus of FIG. 1.
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`[0019] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line Al-Al of the display apparatus
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`of FIG. 3.
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`[0020] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a part of the display apparatus of FIG.
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`[0021] FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a part of a display apparatus according to another
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`embodiment.
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`[0022] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A2-A2 of the display apparatus
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`of FIG. 6.
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`[0023] FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating a part of a display apparatus according to another
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`embodiment.
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`[0024] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line A3-A3 of the display apparatus
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`of FIG. 8.
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`[0025] FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating a part of a display apparatus according to
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`another embodiment.
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`[0026] FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating a part of the display apparatus according to
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`another embodiment.
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`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODHVIENTS
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`[0027] In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific
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`details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of various exemplary
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`embodiments. It is apparent, however, that various exemplary embodiments may be practiced
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`without these specific details or with one or more equivalent arrangements. In other instances,
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`well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid
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`unnecessarily obscuring various exemplary embodiments.
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`[0028] In the accompanying figures, the size and relative sizes of layers, films, panels,
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`regions, etc., may be exaggerated for clarity and descriptive purposes. Also, like reference
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`numerals denote like elements.
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`[0029] When an element or layer is referred to as being “on,
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`connected to,” or
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`“coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, connected to, or coupled to the other
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`element or layer or intervening elements or layers may be present. When, however, an element
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`or layer is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to”
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`another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. For the purposes of
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`this disclosure, “at least one of X, Y, and Z” and “at least one selected from the group consisting
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`of X, Y, and Z” may be construed as X only, Y only, Z only, or any combination of two or more
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`of X, Y, and Z, such as, for instance, XYZ, XYY, YZ, and ZZ. As used herein, the term
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`“and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
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`[0030] Although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various
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`elements, components, regions, layers, and/or sections, these elements, components, regions,
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`layers, and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish
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`one element, component, region, layer, and/or section from another element, component, region,
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`layer, and/or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, and/or section discussed
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`below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer, and/or section without
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`departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.
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`[0031] Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,
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`above,
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`upper,”
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`and the like, may be used herein for descriptive purposes, and, thereby, to describe one element
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`or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the drawings.
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`Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an apparatus in use,
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`operation, and/or manufacture in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For
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`example, if the apparatus in the drawings is turned over, elements described as “below” or
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`“beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or
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`features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and
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`below. Furthermore, the apparatus may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at
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`other orientations), and, as such, the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted
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`accordingly.
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`[0032] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular
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`embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms,
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`a,
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`an,
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`and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates
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`1ncludes,” and/or “including,”
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`otherwise. Moreover, the terms “comprises,
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`comprising,
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`when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps,
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`operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or
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`addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or
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`groups thereof.
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`[0033] Various exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to sectional
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`illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized exemplary embodiments and/or
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`intermediate structures. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for
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`example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, exemplary
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`embodiments disclosed herein should not be construed as limited to the particular illustrated
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`shapes of regions, but are to include deViations in shapes that result from, for instance,
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`manufacturing. For example, an implanted region illustrated as a rectangle will, typically, have
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`rounded or curved features and/or a gradient of implant concentration at its edges rather than a
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`binary change from implanted to non-implanted region. Likewise, a buried region formed by
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`implantation may result in some implantation in the region between the buried region and the
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`surface through which the implantation takes place. Thus, the regions illustrated in the drawings
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`are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of a region
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`of a deVice and are not intended to be limiting.
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`[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used
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`herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to
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`which this disclosure is a part. Terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries,
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`should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of
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`the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless
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`expressly so defined herein.
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`[0035] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a display apparatus according to an embodiment. FIG. 2
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`is an enlarged plan view illustrating a portion A of the display apparatus of FIG. 1.
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`[0036] Referring to FIG. 1, the display apparatus according to the present embodiment
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`includes a substrate 100 including a display area DA and a peripheral area PA located outside the
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`display area DA. The peripheral area PA may surround the display area DA, and may be a non-
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`emitting area where a display unit 200 is not located as described below.
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`[0037] The display area DA may include a main area DA3 located at the center of the
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`substrate 100, and a first protruding area DAl and a second protruding area DA2 extending from
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`the main area DA3. In an exemplary embodiment, the main area DA3 may have, but is not
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`limited to, a quadrangular shape. The first protruding area DAl and the second protruding area
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`DA2 may protrude from the display area DA toward the peripheral area PA in a first direction
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`(e.g., a +y direction). That is, the first protruding area DAl and the second protruding area DA2
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`may protrude in the same direction, and may be areas obtained when parts of one side of the
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`main area DA3 extend. As shown in FIG. 2, the first protruding area DAl and the second
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`protruding area DA2 may be spaced apart from each other in a second direction (e.g., a +x
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`direction) that intersects the first direction (e.g., the +y direction).
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`[0038] A groove portion 100a may be formed in a part of the substrate 100. The groove
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`portion 100a may be located between the first protruding area DAl and the second protruding
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`area DA2 of the display area DA. Although not shown, the display apparatus according to the
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`present embodiment may further include a camera module and/or a speaker module located in
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`the groove portion 100a.
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`[0039] Referring to FIG. 2, the display apparatus according to an embodiment may
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`include the display unit 200 located on the display area DA, and a first load matching part LMl
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`and a second load matching part LM2 located on the peripheral area PA of the substrate 100.
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`[0040] The display unit 200 may be located on the display area DA, and may include a
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`first light emitter 210 located on the first protruding area DAl of the display area DA, a second
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`light emitter 220 located on the second protruding area DA2 of the display area DA, and a third
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`light emitter 230 located on the main area DA3 of the display area DA. In this case, the first
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`light emitter 210, the second light emitter 220, and the third light emitter 230 are conceptually
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`distinguished according to positions for convenience of explanation, and may be actually
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`integrated, instead of separate light emitters. In the present embodiment, the first light emitter
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`210 and the second light emitter 220 may be located at a side of the third light emitter 230
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`haVing a quadrangular shape and located on the main area DA3.
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`[0041] The first load matching part LMl and the second load matching part LM2 may be
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`located on the peripheral area PA of the substrate 100. The first load matching part LMl may be
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`located on a portion of the peripheral area PA adjacent to the first light emitter 210, and the
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`second load matching part LM2 may be located on a portion of the peripheral area PA adjacent
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`to the second light emitter 220. That is, the first load matching part LMl may be located on a
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`portion of the peripheral area PA adjacent to the first light emitter 210 and may be electrically
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`connected to the first light emitter 210 through a first wiring Cl. Also, the second load matching
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`part LM2 may be located on a portion of the peripheral area PA adjacent to the second light
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`emitter 220 and may be electrically connected to the second light emitter 220 through a second
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`wiring C2.
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`[0042] In a conventional display apparatus including the display unit 200 having a simple
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`rectangular shape, the number of pixels per line may be the same and a load applied to each line
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`is the same. However, in the display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment, the third
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`light emitter 230 located on the main area DA3 may have a rectangular shape and thus a load
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`applied to each line is the same, like in the conventional display apparatus, whereas a light
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`emitter is not located between the first protruding area DAl and the second protruding area DA2,
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`and thus, loads applied to the first light emitter 210 and the second light emitter 220 may not be
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`the same.
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`[0043] Accordingly, in the display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment, the
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`first load matching part LMl and the second load matching part LM2 may be located on portions
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`of the peripheral area PA adjacent to the first light emitter 210 and the second light emitter 220,
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`to be electrically connected to first light emitter 210 and the second light emitter 220, and may
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`match loads applied to lines.
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`[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, the first load matching part LMl and the second
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`load matching part LM2 may be electrically connected to each other. The first load matching
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`part LMl and the second load matching part LM2 may be electrically connected to each other
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`through a conductive film D. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the conductive film D
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`for connecting the first load matching part LMl and the second load matching part LM2 may
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`include, but is not limited to, a material that is the same as that of a third conductive layer 515 as
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`described below. As such, since the first load matching part LMl and the second load matching
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`part LM2 may be electrically connected, an equipotential region may be increased when static
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`electricity is introduced, thereby preventing damage to the display area DA due to the static
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`electricity.
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`[0045] FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating a part of the display apparatus of FIG. 1. FIG. 4
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`is a cross-sectional view taken along a line Al-Al of the display apparatus of FIG. 3. FIGS. 3
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`and 4 are enlarged views illustrating a structure of the first load matching part LMl of FIG. 2. A
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`structure of the second load matching part LM2 of FIG. 2 is the same as the structure of the first
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`load matching part LMl, and thus a repeated explanation will not be given.
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`[0046] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, a first load matching part 500 may include a first
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`conductive layer 511, a second conductive layer 513 located on the first conductive layer 511,
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`and a third conductive layer 515 located on the second conductive layer 513. In the present
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`embodiment, the third conductive layer 515 may extend by being patterned in the first direction
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`(e.g., the +y direction) or the second direction (e.g., the +x direction) that intersects the first
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`direction (e.g., the +y direction). Referring to FIG. 3, the first conductive layer 511 may extend
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`in the first direction (e.g., the +y direction), and the second conductive layer 513 may extend in
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`the second direction (e.g., the +x direction) that intersects the first direction (e.g., the +y
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`direction). That is, the first conductive layer 511 and the second conductive layer 513 may be
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`arranged to be perpendicular to each other in a lattice form.
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`[0047] The third conductive layer 515 may be located on the second conductive layer
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`513. As shown in FIG. 3, the third conductive layer 515 may extend in the first direction (e.g.,
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`the +y direction), like the first conductive layer 511, to overlap the first conductive layer 511. In
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`the present embodiment, the third conductive layer 515 may be patterned in one direction, like
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`the first conductive layer 511. Although the third conductive layer 515 is patterned in the first
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`direction (e.g., the +y direction), like the first conductive layer 511, in FIG. 3, the present
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`disclosure is not limited thereto and, in other embodiments, the third conductive layer 515 may
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`be patterned in the second direction (e.g., the +X direction), like the second conductive layer 513.
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`[0048] Referring to FIG. 2, as described above, the first load matching part LMl may be
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`located on a portion of the peripheral area PA adjacent to the first light emitter 210 and may be
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`electrically connected to the first light emitter 210 through the first wiring Cl, and the second
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`load matching part LM2 may be located on a portion of the peripheral area PA adjacent to the
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`second light emitter 220 and may be electrically connected to the second light emitter 220
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`through the second wiring C2. In an exemplary embodiment, the first wiring Cl and the second
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`wiring C2 may include, but are not limited to, a material that is the same as that of the second
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`conductive layer 513.
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`[0049] Also, as described above, the first load matching part LMl and the second load
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`matching part LM2 may be electrically connected to each other through the conductive film D.
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`In an embodiment, the conductive film D may include, but is not limited to, a material that is the
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`same as that of the third conductive layer 515.
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`[0050] Referring to FIG. 4, the first conductive layer 511 may be located on the substrate
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`100, and the second conductive layer 513 may be located on the first conductive layer 511.
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`Although the first conductive layer 511 may be directly located on the substrate 100 in FIG. 4, an
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`insulating layer or a buffer layer may be further located between the substrate 100 and the first
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`conductive layer 511. A first insulating film 120 may be located between the first conductive
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`layer 511 and the second conductive layer 513. The first insulating film 120 may be a gate
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`insulating film as described below. The third conductive layer 515 may be located on the second
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`conductive layer 513. A second insulating film 130 may be located between the second
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`conductive layer 513 and the third conductive layer 515. The second insulating film 130 may be
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`an interlayer insulating film as described below. Although not shown, the first conductive layer
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`511 and the third conductive layer 515 may be electrically connected to each other through a
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`contact hole.
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`[0051] When the third conductive layer 515 is not divided through patterning, that is,
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`when the third conductive layer 515 is formed as a common electrode, the amount of charge may
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`proportionally increases as the area of the third conductive layer 515 increases. In this case,
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`when static electricity is introduced into the third conductive layer 515, and then is introduced
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`into the first light emitter 210 of the display unit 200 that is electrically connected to the third
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`conductive layer 515, the static electricity may lead to damage to pixels of the first light emitter
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`210 and defects of the display area DA.
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`[0052] However, in the display apparatus according to an embodiment, since a charge
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`area of the third conductive layer 515 is reduced by using a patterning structure of the third
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`conductive layer 515, the amount of charge may be reduced and a structure able to reduce
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`statistic electricity may be realized.
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`[0053] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a part of the display apparatus of FIG.
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`[0054] Referring to FIG. 5, the substrate 100 of the display apparatus according to an
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`exemplary embodiment includes the display area DA and the peripheral area PA located outside
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`the display area DA. The substrate 100 may include any of various flexible or bendable material,
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`for example, a polymer resin such as polyethersulfone (PES), polyacrylate (PAR),
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`polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET),
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`polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyarylate, polyimide (PI), polycarbonate (PC), or cellulose
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`acetate propionate (CAP).
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`[0055] A display device 300 and a thin-film transistor (TFT) to which the display device
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`300 is electrically connected may be located on the display area DA of the substrate 100 as
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`shown in FIG. 5. In FIG. 2, an organic light-emitting device is located as the display device 300
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`on the display area DA. When the organic light-emitting device is electrically connected to the
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`TFT, it may mean that a pixel electrode 310 is electrically connected to the TFT. If necessary, a
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`TFT (not shown) may also be located on the peripheral area PA outside the display area DA of
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`the substrate 100. The TFT located on the peripheral area PA may be, for example, a part of a
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`circuit unit for controlling an electrical signal applied to the display area DA.
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`[0056] The TFT may include an active pattern 21 l, a gate electrode 213, a source
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`electrode 215a, and a drain electrode 215b, each including amorphous silicon, polycrystalline
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`silicon, or an organic semiconductor material. In order to ensure insulation between the active
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`pattern 211 and the gate electrode 213, the first insulating film 120 (hereinafter, referred to the
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`gate insulating film) including an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and/or
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`silicon oxynitride may be located between the active pattern 211 and the gate electrode 213. In
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`addition, the second insulating film 130 (hereinafter, referred to as the interlayer insulating film)
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`including an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and/or silicon oxynitride
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`may be located on the gate electrode 213, and the source electrode 215a and the drain electrode
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`2le may be located on the interlayer insulating film 130. Such an insulating film including an
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`inorganic material may be formed by using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer
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`deposition (ALD), which may apply to the following embodiments and modifications thereof.
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`[0057] A buffer layer 110 including an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, silicon
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`nitride, and/or silicon oxynitride may be located between the TFT and the substrate 100. The
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`buffer layer 110 may improve the flatness of a top surface of the substrate 100 or may prevent or
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`minimize penetration of impurities into the active pattern 211 of the TFT.
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`[0058] A planarization layer 140 may be located on the TFT. For example, when the
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`organic light-emitting device is located on the TFT as shown in FIG. 5, the planarization layer
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`140 may planarize a protective film that covers the TFT. The planarization layer 140 may be
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`formed of an organic material such as benzocyclobutene (BCB) or hexamethyldisiloxane
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`(HMDSO). Although the planarization layer 140 has a single-layer structure in FIG. 2, various
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`modifications may be made, for example, the planarization layer 140 may have a multi-layer
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`structure.
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`[0059] The organic light-emitting device including the pixel electrode 310, a counter
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`electrode 330, and an intermediate layer 320 including an emission layer located between the
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`pixel electrode 310 and the counter electrode 330 may be located on the planarization layer 140
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`within the display area DA of the substrate 100. The pixel electrode 310 may be electrically
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`connected to the TFT by contacting any one of the source electrode 215a and the drain electrode
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`215b through an opening formed in the planarization layer 140 or the like as shown in FIG. 5.
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`[0060] A pixel-defining film 150 may be located on the planarization layer 140. The
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`pixel-defining film 150 defines a pixel by having an opening corresponding to each of sub-
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`pixels, that is, an opening through which at least a central portion of the pixel electrode 310 is
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`exposed. Also, in FIG. 5, the pixel-defining film 150 prevents an arc or the like from occurring
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`at an edge of the pixel electrode 310 by increasing a distance between the edge of the pixel
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`electrode 310 and the counter electrode 330 located on the pixel electrode 310. The pixel-
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`defining film 150 may be formed of an organic material such as polyimide or HMDSO.
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`[0061] The intermediate layer 320 of the organic light-emitting device may include a
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`low-molecular weight material or a high-molecular weight material. When the intermediate
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`layer 320 includes a low-molecular weight material, the intermediate layer 320 may have a
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`single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure in which a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole
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`transport layer (HTL), an emission layer (EML), an electron transport layer (ETL), and an
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`electron injection layer (EIL) are stacked, and may include any of various organic materials
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`including copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), N,N'-Di(naphthalene-l-yl)-N,N'-diphenyl-benzidine
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`(NPB), and tris-8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq3). The above layers may be formed by using
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`vacuum deposition.
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`[0062] When the intermediate layer 320 includes a high-molecular weight material, the
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`intermediate layer 320 may have a structure including an HTL and an EML. In this case, the
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`HTL may include poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and the EML may include a
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`polymer material such as poly-phenylenevinylene (PPV)—based material or polyfluorene-based
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`material. The intermediate layer 320 may be formed by using screen printing, inkjet printing, or
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`laser-induced thermal imaging (LITI).
`
`[0063] However, the intermediate layer 320 is not limited thereto, and may have any of
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`various other structures. The intermediate layer 320 may include one layer over a plurality of the
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`pixel electrodes 310, or may include layers patterned to correspond to the plurality of pixel
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`electrodes 310.
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`[0064] The counter electrode 330 may be located on the display area DA, to cover the
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`display area DA as shown in FIG. 5. That is, the counter electrode 330 may be integrally formed
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`with a plurality of the organic light-emitting devices and may correspond to the plurality of pixel
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`electrodes 310.
`
`[0065] Since the organic light-emitting device may be easily damaged by external
`
`moisture or oxygen, an encapsulation layer 400 may cover and protect the organic light-emitting
`
`device. The encapsulation layer 400 may cover the display area DA and may extend beyond the
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`display area DA. The encapsulation layer 400 may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer
`
`410, an organic encapsulation layer 420, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer 430 as
`
`shown in FIG. 5.
`
`[0066] The first inorganic encapsulation layer 410 may cover the counter electrode 330,
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`and may include silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and/or silicon oxynitride. If necessary, other
`
`layers such as a capping layer may be located between the first inorganic encapsulation layer 410
`
`and the counter electrode 330. Since the first inorganic encapsulation layer 410 may be formed
`
`along a lower structure, a top surface of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 410 may not be
`
`flat, as shown in FIG. 5. The organic encapsulation layer 420 may cover the first inorganic
`
`encapsulation layer 410, and may have a substantially flat top surface, unlike the first inorganic
`
`encapsulation layer 410. In detail, a top surface of a portion of the organic encapsulation layer
`
`420 on the display area DA may be substantially flat. The organic encapsulation layer 420 may
`
`include at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate,
`
`polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyoxymethylene,
`
`polyarylate, and hexamethyldisiloxane. The second inorganic encapsulation layer 430 may
`
`cover the organic encapsulation layer 420, and may include silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and/or
`
`silicon oxynitride. The second inorganic encapsulation layer 430 may prevent the organic
`
`encapsulation layer 420 from being exposed to the outside by contacting the first inorganic
`
`encapsulation layer 410 at an edge outside the display area DA.
`
`[0067] Since the encapsulation layer 400 may include the first inorganic encapsulation
`
`layer 410, the organic encapsulation layer 420, and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 430,
`
`even when cracks occur in the encapsulation layer 400 through such a multi-layer structure, the
`
`cracks may not be connected between the first inorganic encapsulation layer 410 and the organic
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`encapsulation layer 420, or between the organ