Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 1 of 24
`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 1 of 24
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`EXHIBIT 1
`EXHIBIT 1
`
`

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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 2 of 24
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`US0085998 14B1
`
`az, United States Patent
`US 8,599,814 B1
`a0) Patent No.:
`
` Vieugels et al. (45) Date of Patent: *Dec. 3, 2013
`
`
`(54) APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR
`INTEGRATING SHORT-RANGE WIRELESS
`PERSONAL AREA NETWORKSFORA
`WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK
`INFRASTRUCTURE
`-
`.
`.
`7
`Inventors: Katelijn Vieugels, San Carlos, CA (US);
`Roe] Peeters, San Carlos, CA (US)
`
`-
`(75)
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`~
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`6,141,763 A
`10/2000 Smithet al.
`6,272,140 Bl
`8/2001 LaRowe,Iv. et al.
`(Continued)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`(73) Assignee: Omega Sub Holdings, Inc., Scottsdale, 1207654 A2—§/2002EP
`
`
`AZ(US)
`wo
`WO 97/48198 AZ
`12/1997
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`ULS.C. 154(b) by 30 days.
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis-
`:
`claimer.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 13/560,917
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Jul. 27, 2012
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(60) Continuation of application No. 12/892,825, filed on
`Sep. 28, 2010, which is a division of application No.
`11/422,945,
`filed on Jun. 8, 2006, now Pat. No.
`7,826,408, which is a continuation of application No.
`11/376,729, tiled on Mar. 14, 2006, nowabandoned.
`..
`oo.
`:
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/661,763, filed on Mar.
`14, 2005.
`.
`Int. Cl.
`HOAW40/00
`(52) U.S.C).
`USPC oie cece cece sree seceeese cre teeveceneteeesne 370/338
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`© USPC oe. 370/338, 509, 349, 401; 455/1, 41.2,
`455/426, 562
`Sce application file for complete search history.
`
`(2009.01)
`
`(51)
`
`International Search Report and Written Opinion corresponding to
`the PCT application No. PC'T/US06/09786, dated Sep. 25, 2007, 9
`pages total.
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner — Faruk Hamza
`Assistant Examiner — Jean FVoltaire
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm —- Davis Wright Tremaine
`LLP; Philip E1. Albert
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A network sysiem comprises a first logic block providing a
`link to a first network via an access point of a WLAN anda
`second logic block communicating with a node of a second
`network (such as a WPAN) and configured to provide a link
`between the node and the first network via the access point.
`The network system is configured to maintain continuous
`connections to both the access point and the node while
`receiving power, The second logic block can communicate
`with the node using a modified communication protocolthat
`is only partially compliant wilh an 862.11 communications
`protocol. A wireless hub can integrate a WPANwith a WLAN
`including,
`in part, a wireless circuit compliant with the
`WLANstandard (such as an 802.11x standard), a processor,
`and a memory. The wireless circuit can connect to the WPAN
`without losing connectivity (such as association and synchro-
`nization) to the WLAN.
`29 Claims, 12 Drawing Sheets
`
`STA
`
`intemet
`router
`
`IEEE 802.11
`
`.
`internet
`
`Exhibit-1030
`Unified Patents, LLC v. Ozmo Licensing LLC
`Page 001
`
`DELL-OZMO-1-001657
`
`

`

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`US 8,599,814 Bl
`
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`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Exhibit-1030
`Unified Patents, LLC v. Ozmo Licensing LLC
`Page 002
`
`DELL-OZMO-1-001658
`
`

`

`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 4 of 24
`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 4 of 24
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Sheet 1 of 12
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`

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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 5 of 24
`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 5 of 24
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 6 of 24
`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 6 of 24
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Sheet3 of 12
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`Exhibit-1030
`Unified Patents, LLC v. Ozmo Licensing LLC
`Page 005
`
`DELL-OZMO-1-001661
`
`

`

`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 7 of 24
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Sheet4 of 12
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`DELL-OZMO-1-001662
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`

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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 8 of 24
`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 8 of 24
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Sheet5 of 12
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`Exhibit-1030
`Unified Patents, LLC v. Ozmo Licensing LLC
`Page 007
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`DELL-OZMO-1-001663
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`

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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 9 of 24
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Sheet 6 of 12
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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 10 of 24
`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 10 of 24
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 11 of 24
`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 11 of 24
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`Dec. 3, 2013
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`Unified Patents, LLC v. Ozmo Licensing LLC
`Page 010
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`DELL-OZMO-1-001666
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`

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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 12 of 24
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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 13 of 24
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`Case 6:22-cv-00642-ADA Document 32-1 Filed 03/31/23 Page 14 of 24
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`U.S. Patent
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`Unified Patents, LLC v. Ozmo Licensing LLC
`Page 014
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`DELL-OZMO-1-001670
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`US 8,599,814 BI
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`2
`FIG.2 illustrates a typical 802.11x WLAN configurationin
`infrastructure mode 1. Although the 802.11x standard sup-
`ports two modes ofoperation, namely ad-hoc made and infra-
`structure mode,the infrastructure mode is used more often. In
`the infrastructure mode, a dedicated 802.11x wireless circuit,
`also called an access point (“AP”), is necessary for and man-
`ages an infrastructure network. AP 2 1s configured specifi-
`cally to coordinate the activities ofthe infrastructure network
`and to enable connectivity to, for example, the Internet or
`other WLANsvia an Internet router 3, which may be disposed
`in AP 2. Other 802.11x-compliant wireless circuits, hereafter
`alternatively referred to as stations (“STAs”) 4 can become a
`member of the infrastructure network by going through an
`authentication and association procedure. Additional security
`procedures maybe required as well. Once associated with the
`infrastructure network, a STA 4 can communicate with AP2.
`ASTA4 may communicate with other STAs 4 ofinfrastruc-
`ture network 1 via AP 2. Furthermore, a STA 4 may commu-
`ricate with STAs of other infrastructure networks (not
`shown} via AP 2. On a regular basis, the STAslisten to the
`beacons and pendingtraffic from the AP 2.
`In contrast to WLAN,no such unifying standard exists for
`WPAN. Instead, a number of proprietary and standardized
`communication protocols have been and are being developed
`for establishing short-range WPAN connectivity. Standard-
`ized protocols include the Bluctooth specification (based on
`
`the JERE 802.15.1 standard), the recently approved Zigbee
`specification (based on the TERE 802.15.4 standard), and the
`Ultra-Wideband (“UWB”)specification whichis still under
`development. In addition, there are several proprictary pro-
`tocols in the unlicensed 27 MHz, 900 MHz, and 2.4 GHz
`frequency bands developedfor the sole purpose ofproviding
`short-range wireless connectivity. Examples include Cypress
`Semiconductor’s proprietary wireless USB solution, or Log-
`itech’s proprietary FastRF solution. The lack of a unified
`standard is hindering the widespread adoption of WPAN
`technologies. In addition, several WPAN communication
`protocols co-exist in the same 2.4-GHz frequency band as a
`commonly used version of the WI.AN protocol. Because they
`use different methods of accessing the wireless medium, and
`are not synchronized with one another, severe interference
`may result when devices conforming to such standards are
`made to co-exist and are positioned in the same physical
`vicinity.
`One alternative for avoiding the above mentioned prob-
`lems when seeking to establish interoperability between
`WPAN and WLAN networks,
`is to use network intertace
`circuitry based.on the WLAN protocol in WPAN STAs. How-
`ever, the power dissipation of the resulting STA would be
`several orders of magnitude higher than what is acceptable in
`typical WPAN applications. WPAN technologies are typi-
`cally used to establish communication with a remote battery-
`operated device for which it is inconvenient, impractical, or
`
`may be impossible to replace batteries. Examples include
`security sensors in windows, wearable or implanted medical
`monitoring devices or environmental sensors to monitor tem-
`perature, humidity or other environmental parameters. To
`minimizethe frequencyat which batteries need replacement,
`maximizing the battery life is of paramount importance,thus
`placing stringent requirements on the power that can be dis-
`sipated in establishing and maintaining the wireless commu-
`nication link.
`The powerdissipation of a standard WLAN STAis several
`orders of magnitude higher than what is acceptable in most
`battery-operated devices for a number ofreasons. First, in
`order to be able to communicate with the AP, which may be,
`for example, 300 feet away, a standard WLAN STAtransmits
`
`
`
`1
`APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR
`INTEGRATING SHORT-RANGE WIRELESS
`PERSONAL AREA NETWORKS FOR A
`WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK
`INFRASTRUCTURE
`
`CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
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`This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
`12/892,825, filed Sep. 28, 2010, which is a divisional appli-
`cation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/422,945, filed
`Jun. 8, 2006, which is a continuation of US. patent applica-
`tion Ser. No. 11/376,729, filed Mar. 14, 2006, and claims the
`benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/661,
`
`763, filed on Mar. 14, 2005. Eachofthe referenced applica-
`tions are incorporated byreference hereinin their entiretyfor
`all purposes, and the present application also incorporates by
`reference herein US. patent application Ser. No. 11/376,753,
`filed Mar. 14, 2006, hereinafter referred to as “Vleugels T’ and
`US. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/661,746.
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention generally relates to wireless commu-
`nications. More particularly, the invention relates to seam-
`lessly integrating short-range wireless personal area net-
`works (“WPANs”) into longer-range wireless local area
`networks (“WLANs”).
`
`BACKGROUNDOF THE INVENTION
`
`FIG. 1 depicts some parameters associated with a few
`existing and emerging standards for wireless connectivity.
`Based on targeted range and supported datarates, these stan-
`dards can be groupedinto four categories: wireless wide area
`networks ((WWANSs’), wireless metropolitan area networks
`(WMANs”), wireless local area networks (“WLANs”) and
`wireless personal area networks (‘WPANS”).
`Anexample of a wireless local area network (“WLAN”) is
`an 802.11 (x=a, b, g, n, etc.) network. An 802.11x NIC
`(network interface card) or 802.11x built-in circuitry might
`be used for networking an electronic device to the outside
`world, or at least to devices at other nodes of a WLAN
`802.11x network.
`The 802.11x specifications uses unlicensed, free spectram
`in either the 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz frequency bands, supporting
`data rates of up to 54 Megabits per second (Mbps) and ranges
`of 300 feet and more. The 802.11x standard, also known as
`Wi-Fi, was adopted several years ago, and is now being
`widely deployed for WLAN connectivity in homes, offices
`and public places like airports, coffee shops and. university
`campuses.
`The adoption and deployment of 802.11x-compliani
`equipment has experienced tremendous growth in recent
`years. The majority oflaptops manufactured today include a
`built-in wireless circuit compliant with some variant of the
`802.11x standard. While originally devised for cnabling wire-
`less network connectivity (“wireless [thernet”), WLAN con-
`nectivity based on the 802.11x standard is rapidly findingits
`way in new applications like mobile phones—primarily
`driven by the adoption ofVoice-over-IP (VeTP”)}—and con-
`sumer electronics (home entertainment, video streaming,
`etc.). In addition, with the development of the new 802.11n
`specification, and the proliferation of citywide 802.11x
`deployment initiatives, the 802.11x standard is expanding
`into longer range applications.
`
`Exhibit-1030
`Unified Patents, LLC v. Ozmo Licensing LLC
`Page 015
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`DELL-OZMO-1-001671
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`

`

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`US 8,599,814 BI
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`3
`at high transmit powers (up to 20 dBm)andis also required to
`receive relatively weak signals, attenuated heavily by the path
`loss it encounters in the over-the-air transmission. Second,
`the WLAN nist adhere to stringent receiver sensitivity
`requirements. Both the transmit and receive requirements
`result in relatively large power dissipation in the network
`interface circuits. Furthermore, WLANstypically operate at
`relatively high data rates (up to 54 Mbps). It is thus undesir-
`able to have a STA that is part of an infrastructure networkto
`conununicate at lower data rates, since such a STA will slow
`down the entire mfrastructure network. This is the case
`because some of the communication between the AP andits
`associated STAs occurs at the lowest commondata rate sup-
`ported by all STAs. The noise and linearity requirements
`associated with transmitting at high data rates thus resuit in
`large powerdissipation ofthe wireless 802.11x wireless cir-
`cuit. Furthermore, there is significant protocol overhead asso-
`ciated with the services and procedures required toestablish
`and maintain an association with an infrastructure network.
`This overhead translates directly in higher power dissipation.
`As a memberofan infrastructure network coordinated by an
`AP, the STA has, on a regular basis, to listen to the beacons
`transmitted by the AP. Also, although the 802.11x standard
`specifies power save modes that allowthe STA to skip some
`of the beacons, the STA is still required to wake up on a
`reguiar basis to maintain association and synchronization
`with the AP.
`Accordingly, a need continues to exist for a method and
`appuraius that overcome the above-described problems and
`enable seamless integration of WPAN into WLANinfrastruc-
`ture, and at power dissipation levels that meet the stringent
`requirements of battery-operated devices.
`
`BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`A wireless hub for integrating a wireless personal area
`network (“WPAN”) seamlessly into a wireless local area
`network (“WLAN”) includes, in part, a wireless circuit com-
`pliant with the WLANstandard, a processor coupled to the
`wireless circuit and a memory module that is coupfed to the
`wireless circuit and the processor.
`In some embodiments, the WLAN standard is the 802.11x
`standard. In such an embodiment, the wireless circuit is an
`802.11x-compliant wireless circuit, and the memory module
`maybe integrated with the wireless circuit. The hub further
`includes software modules forming a soltware platform that
`allows the wireless circuit to connect ta both the WPAN and
`WLAN.In accordance with one embodiment, the software
`platformallows the wireless circuit to connect to theWPAN,
`without losing connectivity (such as association and synchro-
`nization) to the WLAN. In another embodiment, the wireless
`circuit is configured to connect to the WLAN and WPAN
`alternately.
`In some embodiments, an operating system
`enables the operation of the wireless hub. thereby enabling
`users to write application-specific application software. The
`operating system may be Windows XP, Windows CE, Linux,
`Symbian, orthe like, that may be used to develop additional
`applications.
`In accordance with one embodiment, the wireless hub is
`seamlessly integrated into an electrical power outlet. ‘This
`allows the hub to be unobtrusively and conveniently inte-
`grated in a home,business orindustrial setting. Such embodi-
`ments are hereinafter alternatively referred to as “Wi-Fi-en-
`abled poweroutlets”. As is known, “Wi-Fi”is often used to
`referto “wireless fidelity”, and refers to 802.1 1x-based radio
`technologies.
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`Advantageously, the present invention extends the commu-
`nication range of power-sensitive battery-operated devices
`and allows power-sensitive battery operated devices to
`becomepart ofthe larger WT_.ANinfrastructure,thus enabling
`monitoring and control from any location that is within the
`range covered by the WLANInaddition, since battery-oper-
`ated devices are IP addressable and since the AP of the
`WLANcan be connectedto the Internet via an Internet router,
`the battery-operated devices may be monitored and con-
`trolled from any location when access to the Internetis avail-
`able. The longer communication range and scamless integra-
`tion into the larger WLANinfrastructure is obtained without
`incarring the power penalty that is typically unavoidable in
`longer range communication and is inherent to the protocol
`overhead of typical WLAN networks.
`Other objects, features, and advantages of the present
`invention will become apparent upon consideration of the
`following detailed description and the accompanying draw-
`ings, in whichlike reference designations representlike fea-
`tures throughout the figures.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 depicts a number of parameters associated with a
`few existing and emerging standards for wireless comnectiv-
`ity, as knowninthe priorart.
`FIG. 2 illustrates some of different components of an
`802.11x WLANininfrastructure mode, as knownin the prior
`art.
`FIG. 3 illustrates an apparatus configured to inteprate a
`wireless personal area network (“WPAN”) into a wireless
`local area network (“WLAN”),
`in accordance with an
`embodimentof the present invention.
`FIG. 4 illustrates a number of WPANSsintegrated into a
`WLAN,in accordance with one embodiment ofthe present
`invention.
`FIG, § is a simplified high-level block diagram ofa power-
`sensitive station (“PS-STA”), in accordance with an embodi-
`ment of the present invention
`FIG. 6 is a simplified high-level block diagramofa wire-
`less hub configured for use as a bridge between a WPAN and
`a WLAN.
`FIG. 7 illustrates a WPAN used for remote monitoring and
`controlling,
`in accordance with one embodiment of the
`present invention.
`FIG. 8 is a block diagram illistrating various devices oper-
`ating as part of a primary wireless network (‘PWN”), a sec-
`ondary wireless network (“SWN”), or both, wherein the
`SWNoperates using an SWN protocol that co-exists with the
`PWN protocol.
`FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a subpart of the
`elements of FIG,8. in greater detail.
`FIG. 10 is a block diagramillustrating a secondary network
`including multiple WPAN peripheralsPERS”).
`FIG, LI illustrates method to coordinate the communica-
`tion between a WPAN coordinator (“COORD”) and multiple
`WPANperipherals.
`FIG. 12 illustrates an alternative frame exchange sequence
`for the coordination of mulliple WPAN peripherals.
`DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`
`3 illustrates a wireless personal area network
`FIG.
`(“WPAN”) 10 integrated with wireless local area network
`CWLAN”)6 to form an integrated network 5, in accordance
`with one embodiment ofthe present invention. In the embodi-
`ments described below, WLAN 6 is compliant with the
`
`Exhibit-1030
`Unified Patents, LLC v. Ozmo Licensing LLC
`Page 016
`
`DELL-OZMO-1-001672
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`

`

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`the order of 3004 feet. The wireless hub 12 is also be placed
`802.11x specification. It is understood, however, that the
`WLAN may be compliant with other protocols, such as
`within the range of each of the PS-STAs 11 in the WPAN 10
`WiMax. WLAN 6 mayoperate either in ad-hoc orin infra-
`The PS-STAs 11 typicallyhave a range ofabout 30 feet. This
`structure mode. Moreover, the following description is pro-
`range can be longer or shorter depending on the application.
`vided with reference to the infrastructure mode of operation
`In one embodiment, the wireless hub 12 (altematively
`of WLAN 6. It is understood that the present disclosure
`referred to herein below as a “hub”) is seamlessly integrated
`equally applies to the ad-hoc or any other made. The infra-
`within an electrical poweroutlet. In a different embodiment,
`structure WLAN 6 is shown as including an AP 7 and one or
`the hub can be a separate device that can be plugged into a
`more STAs8. STAs 8 are associated with and synchronized to
`power outlet. The wireless hub 12 can also be integrated
`AP 7 and periodicallylisten to beacons from AP7.
`inside other electronic devices, such as light bulbs,
`light
`Hach S'TA 8 is configured to inchide an 802.11x-compliant
`switches, thermostats, energy meters, personal computers,
`wireless circuit, such as a wireless enabled computer, a wire-
`Persona! Digital Assistants (“PDAs”), cellular phones, home
`less Personal Digital Assistant, a Wi-Fi enabled cellular
`entertainment equipment andthelike.
`phone, or the like. The AP 2 can be connectedto the Internet
`In some embodiments, a multitude ofWPANs 13 may be so
`via an Internet router 9. Internet connectivity can be estab-
`configured so as to be coupled to and in communication with
`lished through any number of communication services,
`a single WLAN 14, as shown in FIG. 4. Each WPAN 13 is
`including Digital Subscriber Line (“DSL”), cable,satellite, or
`the like, as is well known.
`coupled to the WLAN 14 by using a wireless hub 15, as
`described above. If WPANs 13 are configured to operate
`WPAN18 is shownas including one or more power-sen-
`independently, no additional coordination is required and
`Sitive stations 11 (“PS-STA”). A PS-STAis defined herein as
`each wireless hub 15 decides autonomously when to commu-
`a device that is battery-operated and for which maximizing
`nicate with each of its respective PS-STAs under its control.
`battery-life is beneficial
`to the application and/or user.
`However, in cases where additional coordination betweenthe
`Examples ofPS-STAsinclude peripherals and accessories for
`different WPANSsis desirable, the necessary timing and con-
`personal computers, cellular phones, home entertainment
`trolinformation can be exchanged between the wireless hubs
`accessories stich as remote controls, monitoring devices for
`15 via the longer-range WLAN 14.
`security, automation medical applications, or the like.
`FIG.5 illustrates some of the components disposed in a
`In accordance with one embodiment, a PS-STAis typically
`PS-STA 11, in accordance with one embodiment. PS-STA HL
`io a sleep mode the majority of the time, only waking up
`typically includes,in part, a battery 16, a sensor or stimulus
`occasionally to communicate and exchange information with
`a) 2
`unit 17, a clock or crystal 18, a wircless circuit 19 and an
`the outside world. In some systems described hercin, cach °
`antenna 20. Although not shown, other components like
`PS-STA 11 is equipped with a wireless circuit that can com-
`capacitors. resistors, inductors, an external power amplifier
`mrunicate directly with a standard 802.11x-compliant wire-
`(“PA”) and anexternal low-noise amplifier “LNA”) may also
`less circuit. PS-STAs 11 howeverare not required to be fully
`be included in PS-STA 11. Wireless circuit 19 is configured sa
`compliant with the 802.11x specification; some PS-STAs 11
`as to communicate over the physical layer (“PHY”) of a
`may have reduced power dissipation thereby extending the
`standard 802.1 1x-compliant circuit chip disposed in the wire-
`battery life.
`less hub (see FIGS. 3 and 4). Wireless circuit 19 may be an
`In embodiments in which PS-STAs 11 are not fully com-
`embedded System-on-Chip (“SoC”), having disposed therein
`pHant with the 802.1 1x specification, the drivers or firniware
`a radio 21 operating, for example,in the unlicensed 2.4-GHz
`of the 802.1 1x-compliant wireless circuit at the other end of
`the communication link (i.e., the device with which the PS-
`and/or S-GHz frequency bands, a baseband modem22, dedi-
`cated control and datapath logic 23, a central processing unit
`STA is interacting) may require modification. Thus, in some
`CCPU”) 24, a memory module 25 and interface circuitry 26.
`implementations, both the wireless circuit at the other end as
`CPU24 and memory module 25 are used to implement the
`well as the PS-STA are 802.11x-compliant, while mothers
`portion of the communication protocol that is not imple-
`the wireless circuit at the other end is 802.11 x-comphiant, but
`s mented in the dedicated control and datapath logic (also
`the PS-STAis not a fully compliant 802.11x wireless circuit.
`referred to as the 802.11x device drivers), together with any
`while in yet other implementationsthe driver or firmware of
`application-specific software. Wireless circuits are well
`the 802.11x-compliant wirelesscircuit at the other endof the
`knownin the art and are not described herein.
`link requires modifications to accommodate the PS-STA.
`FIG. 6 shows various blocks of a wireless hub, such as
`Integrated network5 is also shown as including a wireless hub
`wireless hubs 12 and 15 shownrespectively in FIGS. 3 and4.
`12 adapted to facilitate seamless communication between the 5
`in accordance with one embodiment. The wireless hub acts as
`WLANand the WPAN.Thewireless hub 12 includes, in part,
`a pivot and provides communication betweenthe correspond-
`a wireless 802.11x-compliant wireless circuit that can com-
`ing WPAN and WLAN. The wireless hub includes an
`municate with the AP 7 disposed in infrastructure WLAN 6 as
`802.11x-compliant wireless circuit 27, a processing unit 28
`well as with PS-STAs 11 disposed in WPAN 10. I{ more than
`5 coupledto or integrated with the 802.11x-compliant circuit, a
`one PS-STAis present in the WPAN,the wireless hub coor-
`memory module 29 that is coupled to or integrated with the
`dinates the timing and communication with each of the PS-
`802.11x-compliant circuit, a crystal or clock 30, and an
`STAs. In some embodiments, it may be desirable to shift as
`antenna 38. The 802.11x-compliant circuit 27 is shown as
`muchas possible ofthe protocol overhead associated with the
`communication between wireless hub 12 andthe PS-STAs 11
`including a radio 31 operating, for example,in the unlicensed
`2.4-GHz and/or 5-GHz frequency bands, a baseband modem
`suchas, for example, access to the medium,reservation ofthe
`32, and dedicated contro! and datapath logic 33. Interface
`medium, synchronization, etc., onto the wireless hub 12,
`circuitry 34 provides an interface to the processing unit