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`Case 6:21-cv-00984-ADA Document 63-3 Filed 06/15/22 Page 1 of 7
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`EXHIBIT A
`EXHIBIT A
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`IEEE 100
`The Authoritative Dictionary of
`IEEE Standards Terms
`
`Seventh Edition
`
`~t:lt'.C 100
`THC
`~~Tll101KUT ~TIY
`b~CTIONAKT
`
`♦IEEE
`
`Published by
`Standards Information Network
`IEEE Press
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`JB-APPLE0000444
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`

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`Trademarks and disclaimers
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`Other tradenames and trademarks in this document are those of their respective owners.
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`The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Inc.
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`Copyright © 2000 by the Institute of' Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. A.II rights reserved. Published
`December 2000. Printed in the United States of America.
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`Contents
`
`Introduction
`
`How to Use This Dictionary
`
`Categories
`
`Trademarks
`
`The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms
`
`Abstracts and Sources
`
`Non-IEEE Standards Sources
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`1351
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`The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms
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`Introduction
`
`IEEE standards establish an authoritative common language that defines quality and sets technical criteria.
`By guaranteeing consistency and conformity through open consensus, IEEE standards add value to prod(cid:173)
`ucts, facilitate trade, dlive markets. and ensure safety. That's why leading companies, organizations, and
`industries around the globe rely on them.
`
`Critical components of this common language are the terms and definitions that are at the foundation of
`the vast body of IEEE standards. In the past decade alone, htmdreds of terms -describing the latest tools,
`techniques, and best practices-have been added to the lexicon of IEEE standards.
`
`In this newly updated Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms. professional experts and stu(cid:173)
`dents alike will gain an in-depth understanding and appreciation for the breadth of coverage of IEEE
`standards terms and definitions not found in any other single source.
`
`The seventh edition of IEEE 100 has been revised to include nearly 35 000 technical terms and definitions
`from over 800 standards-coveling areas such as power and energy, communications, information tech(cid:173)
`nology, and transportation systems. In addition to an extensive list of widely used acronyms and abbre(cid:173)
`viations, this new edition also contains detailed abstracts of each term's associated standard(s). What's
`more, all definitions are augmented by a combination of indispensable information, including:
`
`♦ Prefened and popular usage of each term
`♦ Variations in meanings among different technical specialties
`♦ Cross-indexing to related works
`♦ Key explanatory notes for further term clarification
`
`In preparing this latest edition of the Dictionai-y, we realized that the standards community desired more
`than just a compilation of IEEE standardized terms and definitions. They needed an authoritative resource
`created by the organization that develops and produces the standards from which the terms and definitions
`are derived-the IEEE. In addition, we determined the Dictionary needed to be not only user friendly,
`but also rich in information. In other words, it needed to be the Authoritative Dictionary ofIEEE Standards
`Terms.
`
`Susan K. Tatiner
`Director, IEEE Standards Publishing Programs
`
`IEEE Standards Project Editors for the seventh edition:
`Kim Breitfelder
`Don Messina
`
`Additional assistance was provided by the IEEE Standards editorial staff.
`
`The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms
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`Case 6:21-cv-00984-ADA Document 63-3 Filed 06/15/22 Page 6 of 7
`transfer function
`transducer, passive
`1199
`
`fied load under specified operating conditions. Notes: I. If the
`input and/or output power consist of more than one compo(cid:173)
`nent, such as multifrequency signals or noise, then the pamc(cid:173)
`ular components used and their weighting must be specified.
`2. This loss is usually expressed in decibels. See also: trans(cid:173)
`ducer.
`(Stell 00) 270-1966w
`transducer, passive See: passive transducer.
`transfer (l) (telephone switching systems) A feature that al(cid:173)
`lows a customer to instruct the switching equipment or op(cid:173)
`erator to transfer his call to another station.
`(COM) 312-1977w
`(2) (A) (electronic computation) To transmit, or copy, in(cid:173)
`formation from one device to another. (Bl (electronic com(cid:173)
`putation) To jump. (C) (electronic computation) The act of
`transferring. See also: transmit; jump.
`(C) 162-1963
`(3) (electrostatography) 111e act of moving a developed im(cid:173)
`age, or a portion thereof, from one surface to another, as by
`electrostatic or adhesive forces, without altering the geomet(cid:173)
`ric configuration of the image. See also: electrostatography.
`(ED) [46]
`( 4) ( data management) (software) To send data from one
`place and receive it at another. See also: transmit.
`(C) 6!0.5-1990w, 610.12-1990
`(5) (software) To relinquish control by one process and as(cid:173)
`sume it at another, either with expectation of return ( call) or
`without such expectation (jump). See also: call; jump.
`(C) 610.12-1990
`(6) (STEbus) The movement of a single byte of data from
`the current master to the addressed slave(s) or from the ad(cid:173)
`dressed slave to the master.
`(C/MM) l000-l987r
`(7) llie successful movement of a bit or bits between an
`MTM-Bus Master module and one or more modules co-con(cid:173)
`nected by the MTM-Bus.
`(TT/C) 1149.5-1995
`(8) To transmit, or copy, information from one device to an(cid:173)
`other.
`(IM/ST) 1451.2-1997
`transfer admittance (ll (linear passive networks) A trans(cid:173)
`mittance for which the excitation is a voltage and the response
`is a current.
`(CAS) 156-1960w
`(2) (from the ith terminal to the Jth terminal of an n-terminal
`network) The (complex) current flowing to the ith terminal
`divided by the (complex) voltage applied between thejth ter(cid:173)
`minal with respect to the reference point when all other ter(cid:173)
`minals have arbitrary terminations. For example, for a 3-ter(cid:173)
`minal network terminated in short circuits,
`
`Y12=~I =O
`
`transfer alignment (navigation aids) A method of transfer
`of reference coordinates to an inertial navigation system for
`initial alignment. Accomplished by way of: structure to struc(cid:173)
`ture mating, simultaneous measurement of acceleration pat(cid:173)
`terns, or by optical measurement techniques.
`(AES/GCS) 172-1983w
`transfer capability The capacity and ability of a transmission
`network to allow for the reliable movement of electric power
`from an area of supply lo an area of need.
`(PE/PSE) 858-1993w
`transfer characteristic (1) (electron tube) A relation, usually
`shown by a graph, between the voltage of one electrode and
`the current to another electrode, all other electrode voltages
`being maintained constant. See also: electrode.
`(ED) 161-1971 w
`(2) (camera tubes) A relation between the illumination on
`the tube and the corresponding signal output current, under
`specified conditions of illumination. Note: The relation is usu(cid:173)
`ally shown by a graph of the logarithm of the signal output
`current as a function of the logarithm of the illumination. See
`also: illumination; television; sensitivity.
`(ED) 161-1971 w
`transfer check (electronic computation) A check (usually an
`automatic check) on the accuracy of a data transfer. Note: In
`particular, a check on the accuracy of the transfer of a word.
`(C) 162-1963w
`transfer constant See: image transfer constant.
`
`transfer contacts For reactance-type LTCs, a set of contacts
`that makes and breaks current. Note: In cases where no bypass
`contacts are provided, the transfer contact is a continuous
`current carrying contact.
`(PE/TR) C57. U 1-1995
`transfer control See: jump.
`transfer current (gas tube) 111e current to one electrode re(cid:173)
`quired to initiate breakdown to another electrode. Note: The
`transfer current is a function of the voltage of the second
`electrode.
`(ED) 161-197lw
`transfer-current ratio (linear passive networks) A transmit(cid:173)
`tance for which the variables are currents. Note: 11:te word
`transfer is frequently dropped in present usage.
`(CAS) 156-l960w
`transfer function (1) (seismic qualification of Class IE equip(cid:173)
`ment for nuclear power generating stations) A complex
`frequency response function that defines the dynamic char(cid:173)
`acteristics of a constant parameter linear system. For an ideal
`system, the transfer function is the ratio of the Fourier trans(cid:173)
`form of the output to that of a given input.
`(PE/NP) 344-1987r
`(2) (control system feedback) A mathematical, graphic, or
`tabular statement of the influence that a system or element
`has on a signal or action compared at input and at output
`terminals. Note: For a linear system, general usage limits the
`transfer function to mean the ratio of the Laplace transform
`of the output to the Laplace transform of the input in the
`absence of all other signals, and with all initial conditions
`zero. See also: transfer function; feedback control system.
`(IM/PE/EDPG) [120], [3]
`(3) (low-power wide-band transformers) llie complex ratio
`of the output of the device to its input. It is also the combined
`phase and frequency responses.
`(l\1AG/PEL/ET) 264-1977w, 111-1984w
`(4) (nuclear power generating station) A mathematical,
`graphical, or tabular statement of the influence which a mod(cid:173)
`ule has on a signal or action compared at input and at output
`terminals. Ibis should be specified as to whether it is transient
`or sleadv state.
`(PE/NP) 3 8 l- l 977w
`(SJ (excitation systems) A mathematical, graphical, or tabu(cid:173)
`lar statement of the influence which a system or element has
`on a signal or action compared at input and output terminals.
`Note: For a linear system, general usage limits the transfer
`function to mean the ratio of the Laplace transform of the
`output to the Laplace transform of the input in the absence of
`all other signals, and with all initial conditions zero.
`(PE/EDPG) 421A-l 978s
`(6) The relationship between the input and output signals of
`a circuit, especially when expressed as a continuous mathe(cid:173)
`matical function.
`(C) 610.10-1994w
`(7) The ratio of the device output signal (voltage, current,
`frequency, meter reading, etc.) to the incident field or field
`vector of interest in the Frequency Domain. The transfer func(cid:173)
`tion is the Laplace (or Fourier) transform of the impulse re(cid:173)
`sponse function.
`. (EMC) 1309-1996
`(8) [H(.f)] The quantity Y(f) divided by X(f), where Y(f) and
`X(l) are the frequency domain representations of the output
`and input signals respectively.
`(PE/PS IM) 4-1995
`(9) (fiber optics) (of a device) 11ie complex function, H(f),
`equal to the ratio of the output to input of the device as a
`function of frequency. The amplitude and phase responses
`are, respectively, the magnitude of H (f) and the phase of
`H(f). Notes: 1. For an optical fiber, H(f) is taken to be the
`ratio of output optical power to input optical power as a func(cid:173)
`tion of modulation frequency. 2. For a linear system, the
`transfer function and the impulse response h(t) are related
`through the Fourier transform pair, a common form of which
`is given by
`
`H(.f) = f .. o."
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`Case 6:21-cv-00984-ADA Document 63-3 Filed 06/15/22 Page 7 of 7
`transfer immittance
`1200
`transfer time
`
`where f is frequency. Often H(f) is normalized lo H(0) and
`h(l) lo
`
`I~ h(t)clt,
`
`which by definition is H(0). Synonyms: baseband response
`function; frequency response. See also: impulse response.
`(Stcll00) 812-1984w
`
`transfer immittance See: transmittance.
`transfer impedance (linear passive networks) A transmittance
`for which the excitation is a current and the response is a
`voltage. Note: It is therefore the impedance obtained when
`the response is determined at a point other than that at which
`the driving force is applied, all terminals being terminated in
`any specified manner. In the case of an electric circuit, the
`response would be determined in any branch except that in
`which the driving force is. See also: network analysis; self(cid:173)
`impedance.
`(CAS) l 56-l 960w
`(2) (A) (linear passive networks) (general). A transmittance
`for which the excitation is a current and the response is a
`voltage. (BJ (from the ith terminal lo the jth terminal of an
`n- terminal network). The (complex) voltage measured be(cid:173)
`tween the ith terminal and the reference point divided by the
`( complex) current applied to the }th terminal when all other
`terminals have arbitrary terminations. For example, for a 3-
`terminal network terminated in open circuits
`
`Z12 =~Ir,= 0
`
`(CAS/PE/EM) 95-1977
`transfer instruction See: branch instruction.
`transfer instrument (radiation protection) Instrument or do(cid:173)
`simeter exhibiting high precision which has been standard(cid:173)
`ized against a national or derived standardized source.
`(NI) N323-l 978r
`transfer interpreter A device that prints on a punch card the
`characters corresponding to hole patterns punched in another
`(C) 610.10-1994w
`card. See also: interpreter.
`transfer lag See: first-order lag; multiorder lag.
`transfer line size The size of the block of data transferred to or
`from main memory in a caching environment.
`(CIBA) 896.4-1993w
`transfer locus (linear system or element) A plot of the transfer
`function as a function of frequency in any convenient coor(cid:173)
`dinate system. Note: A plot of the reciprocal of the transfer
`function is called the inverse transfer locus. See also: phase
`locus; feedback control system.
`(IM) [120]
`transfer of control See: jump.
`transfer operation The bus operation in which a bus owner
`transfers data on the parallel system bus. See also: bus op(cid:173)
`eration; bus owner.
`(C/MM) 1296-l 987s
`transfer rate 111e average number of bits, characters, or blocks
`per unit time passing between corresponding devices in a data
`transmission system. It is expressed in terms of bits, charac(cid:173)
`ters, or blocks per second, minute, or hour. Synonym: data
`rate.
`(C) 610.7-1995
`transfer ratio A dimensionless transfer function.
`(Stdl00) 270-1966w
`transfer ratio correction (correction to setting) The deviation
`of the output phasor from nominal, in proportional pans of
`the input phasor.
`
`Output
`Input ~ A+ ex + i/3
`
`INPUTI
`
`:
`
`I A
`OUTPUT
`
`A= setting
`o: = in-phase transfer ratio correction
`f3 = quadrature transfer ratio correction
`transferred charge The net electric charge transferred from one
`terminal of a capacitor to another via an external circuit. See
`(ED) [46]
`also: nonlinear capacitor.
`
`transferred-charge characteristic (nonlinear capacitor) The
`function relating transferred charge lo capacitor voltage. See
`(ED) [46]
`also: nonlinear capacitor.
`transferred information See: transinformation.
`transferred jitter The amount of jitter in the recovered clock
`of the upstream PHY which is subsequently transferred to the
`downstream PHY which in tum is transferred to the next
`downstream PHY. Transferred jitter is imponant because
`each PHY must both limit the amount of jitter it generates
`and track the jitter delivered by the upstream PHY.
`(C/LM) 8802-5-1998
`transferred voltage (ll That voltage between points of contact,
`hand to foot or feet, where the grounded surface touched is
`intentionally grounded at a remote point (or unintentionally
`touching at a remote point a conductor connected to the sta(cid:173)
`tion ground system). Here the voltage rise encountered clue
`to ground fault conditions may equal or exceed the ground
`potential rise of the ground grid discharging the fault current
`(and not a fraction of this total as is encountered in the usual
`touch contact).
`(PE/EDPG) 665-1995
`(2) A special case of the touch voltage where a voltage is
`transferred into or out of the substation from or to a remote
`point external lo the substation site.
`(PE/SUBJ 1268-1997, 80-2000
`transferring (as applied to fall protection) The act of moving
`from one distinct object to another ( e.g., between an aerial
`elev ice ancl a structure).
`(NESC/T&D/PE) C2-l997, 1307-1996
`transfer standard A term that refers to an electrically small
`field probe or field sensor. This can be a short dipole for
`sensing E-fields or a small loop for H-fields, which has a
`known response over a given range of frequency and ampli(cid:173)
`tude. This known response can be either accurately calculable
`quasi-static response parameters or a calibration performed
`to some specified accuracy and precision by an accredited
`calibration facility.
`(EMC) 1309-1996
`transfer standards, alternating-current-direct-current De(cid:173)
`vices used to establish the equality of a root-mean-square cur(cid:173)
`rent or voltage ( or the average value of alternating power)
`with the corresponding steady-state direct-current quantity
`that can be referred to the basic standards through potentio(cid:173)
`metric techniques. See also: auxiliary device to an instrument.
`(ELM) Cl2.l-1982s
`transfer state A state of a Link Layer Controller the name of
`which begins with the letters "XFER". Such states in the
`MTM-Bus Master Link Layer Controller are called M-trans(cid:173)
`fer slates and in the MTM-Bus Slave Link Layer Controller
`are called S-transfer states.
`(TT/C) 1149.5-1995
`transfer switch (1) (emergency and standby power) A device
`for transferring one or more load conductor connections from
`one power source to another.
`(IA) [18]
`(2) (a high-voltage switch) A switch arranged to permit trans(cid:173)
`ferring a conductor connection from one circuit to another
`without interrupting the current.
`1) A tandem transfer switch is a switch with two blades, each
`of which can be moved into or out of only one contact.
`2) A double-blade double-throw transfer switch is a switch
`with two blades, each of which can be moved into or out
`of either of two contacts.
`Note: In contrast to high-voltage switches, many low-voltage,
`control and instrument transfer switches interrupt current dur(cid:173)
`ing transfer. See also: automatic transfer equipment; selector
`switch.
`(SWG/PE) C37.100-1992
`transfer switch, load See: load transfer switch.
`transfer time (1) (A) (gas tube surge arresters) The time re(cid:173)
`quired for the voltage across a conducting gap to drop into
`the arc region after the gap initially begins to conduct. (B) The
`time duration of the transverse voltage.
`(PE/SPD) [8], C62.31-1987
`(2) The part of access time attributed lo the time between the
`beginning of a transfer of data to or from storage ancl its
`completion.
`(C) 610.10-1994w
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