Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 1 of 106
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 1 of 106
`
`EXHIBIT 2
`EXHIBIT 2
`
`

`

`(12) United States Patent
`AtSmon et al.
`
`USOO6607136B1
`US 6,607,136 B1
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`(54) PHYSICAL PRESENCE DIGITAL
`AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM
`
`(56)
`
`(75) Inventors: Alon Atsmon, St. Yahud (IL); Amit
`Antebi, Ramat-Gan (IL); Tsvi Lev,
`Tel-Aviv (IL); Moshe Cohen, Tel-Aviv
`(IL); Gavriel Speyer, Los Angeles, CA
`(US); Alan Sege, Santa Monica, CA
`(US); Nathan Altman, Tel-Aviv (IL);
`Rami Anati, Brandes Hadera (IL)
`(73) Assignee: Beepcard Inc., Santa Monica, CA (US)
`(*) Notice:
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/570,399
`(22) Filed:
`May 12, 2000
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. PCT/IL99/02110,
`filed on Nov. 16, 1999, and a continuation-in-part of appli
`cation No. PCT/IL99/00525, filed on Oct. 4, 1999, and a
`continuation-in-part of application No. PCT/IL99/00521,
`filed on Oct. 1, 1999, and a continuation-in-part of applica
`tion No. PCT/IL99/00506, filed on Sep. 16, 1999, and a
`continuation-in-part of application No. PCT/IL98/00450,
`filed on Sep. 16, 1998, and a continuation-in-part of appli
`cation No. PCT/IL98/00470, filed on Aug. 27, 1999.
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/180,530, filed on Feb. 7,
`2000, provisional application No. 60/115,231, filed on Jan.
`8, 1999, provisional application No. 60/122,687, filed on
`Mar. 3, 1999, provisional application No. 60/143,220, filed
`on Jul. 9, 1999, provisional application No. 60/145,342, filed
`on Jul. 23, 1999, and provisional application No. 60/153,
`858, filed on Sep. 14, 1999.
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`(30)
`Nov. 5, 1999 (TW) .......................................... 88.1076O1
`(51) Int. Cl. ................................................ G06K 19/06
`(52) U.S. Cl. ........................................ 235/492; 235/487
`(58) Field of Search .................................. 235/492, 487
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`7/1961 Berger
`2.990,646 A
`6/1980 Hyman et al.
`4,207,696 A
`11/1980 Corris et al.
`4,231,184 A
`4,390,877 A
`6/1983 Curran
`1/1987 Sakurai
`4,637,007 A
`(List continued on next page.)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`6/1993
`WO 93/11619
`WO
`10/1993
`WO 93/21720
`WO
`8/1994
`WO 94/17498
`WO
`4/1996
`WO 96/10880
`WO
`5/1997
`WO 97/15899
`WO
`5/1997
`WO 97/16049
`WO
`12/1998
`WO 98/57474
`WO
`5/1999
`WO 99/23804
`WO
`1/2000
`WO OO/O1456
`WO
`Primary Examiner Harold I. Pitts
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Oppenheimer Wolff
`Donnelly LLP
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`The interactive authentication System allows a consumer to
`interact with a base station, Such as broadcast media (e.g.,
`television and radio) or PC, to receive coupons, special sales
`offers, and other information with an electronic card. The
`electronic card can also be used to transmit a signal that can
`be received by the base station to perform a wide variety of
`tasks. These tasks can include launching an application,
`authenticating a user at a website, and completing a Sales
`transaction at a website (e.g., by filling out a form
`automatically). The interaction between the base Station and
`the electronic card is accomplished by using the conven
`tional Sound System in the base Station So that a special
`reader hardware need not be installed to interact with the
`electronic card. The user is equipped with an electronic card
`that can receive and transmit data via Sound waves. In the
`various embodiments, the Sound waves can be audible or
`ultraSonic (which can be slightly audible to Some groups of
`people).
`
`3 Claims, 50 Drawing Sheets
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 2 of 106
`
`INTERACTIVE SYSTEM N /
`
`
`
`TE RAI8STERE) SYSIM
`
`t
`
`w
`
`- 9.
`-
`
`
`
`ISP
`'t
`I- \
`
`--
`WEB
`
`-" RCEAN
`-
`
`-- TNTERNET ".
`
`s
`
`WEBFORAL
`
`

`

`US 6,607,136 B1
`Page 2
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,640,034 A 2/1987 Zisholtz
`4,673,371 A 6/1987 Furukawa
`4,682,370 A 7/1987 Matthews
`4,717,364 A 1/1988 Furukawa
`4,840,602 A 6/1989 Rose
`4,851,654 A 7/1989 Nitta
`4,857,030 A 8/1989 Rose
`4,961.229 A 10/1990 Takahashi
`4,973,286 A 11/1990 Davison
`4,978,840 A 12/1990 Anegawa
`4,984,380 A 1/1991 Anderson
`5,176,560 A
`1/1993 Wethere et al.
`5,191,615. A 3/1993 Aldava et al.
`5,209,695 A 5/1993 Rothschild
`5,280,527 A
`1/1994 Gullman et al.
`5,307,051 A 4/1994 Sedlmayr
`5,314,336 A 5/1994 Diamond et al.
`5,356,326. A 10/1994 Ting
`5,407,376 A 4/1995 Avital et al.
`5,423,073. A 6/1995 Ogawa
`H1469 H
`8/1995 Simonoff
`5,452.901 A 9/1995 Nakada et al.
`5,479,408 A 12/1995 Will
`5,583,933 A 12/1996 Mark
`5,606,732 A 2/1997 Vignone, Sr.
`5,635,701 A 6/1997 Gloton
`
`6/1997 Orloff et al.
`5,638,047 A
`7/1997 Raviv et al.
`5,647,787 A
`5,655,945 A 8/1997 Jani
`5,697,829. A 12/1997 Chainani et al.
`5,708,853. A
`1/1998 Sanemitsu
`5,740.232 A 4/1998 Pailles et al.
`5,752,880 A 5/1998 Gabai et al.
`5,763,862 A 6/1998 Jachimowicz et al.
`5,764,512 A 6/1998 Michel et al.
`5,764,763 A 6/1998 Jensen et al.
`5,764,900 A 6/1998 Morris et al.
`5,774,791 A
`6/1998 Strohallen et al.
`5,778,187 A
`7/1998 Monteiro et al.
`5,786,764 A 7/1998 Engellenner
`5,789,733 A 8/1998 Jachimowicz et al.
`5,800.243 A 9/1998 Berman
`5,809,245 A 9/1998 Zenda
`5,815,020 A 9/1998 Allen et al.
`5,847,752 A 12/1998 Sebestyen
`5,864,794. A
`1/1999 Tasaki
`5,921,674. A 7/1999 Koczi
`6,016,476 A 1/2000 Maes et al.
`6,018,641 A 1/2000 TSubouchi et al.
`6,019.285 A 2/2000 Isobe et al.
`6,089,942 A 7/2000 Chan
`6,389,055 B1 * 5/2002 August et al. .............. 235/492
`* cited by examiner
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 3 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 1 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`INTERACTIVE SYSTEM
`
`
`
`
`
`RADIO/STEREO SYSTEM
`
`1
`
`
`
`12
`
`
`
`MERCHANT
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 4 of 106
`
`WEB PORTAL
`
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`9 ZIZZZ
`
`Z 'OIH
`
`0 ||
`
`CTRIVO XL XVMA-GHNO
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 5 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 3 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`TWO-WAY CARD
`
`
`
`
`
`32
`
`36
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Mermory Unit
`
`Processing Unit
`
`Reception Unit
`
`TRANSOUCER
`
`Transmission Unit
`
`TX
`TRANSDUCER
`
`FIG.3(A)"
`
`"
`
`B
`
`Mermory Unit
`
`Processing Unit
`
`Switchable
`Transducer
`
`
`
`
`
`Transmission Unit
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 6 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 4 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`CARD RECEIVER
`
`40
`
`Transducer
`
`41
`
`Pre
`Amplifier
`
`
`
`40
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 7 of 106
`
`
`
`Amplitude
`Estimator
`
`beassesse-e-r-u-au-uaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaasasasa asans-----------------
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 5 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`DATA FORMAT
`
`Card -> PC
`
`Start and stop bits
`
`FIG. 5(A)
`
`PC - Card
`
`
`
`Energy
`Detection
`
`f+f
`2
`
`f,
`
`f,
`
`identifiable Byte Data
`
`CRC
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 8 of 106
`
`Start and stop bits
`
`FIG. 5(B)
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 6 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`START
`
`PLACE THE FOLLOWING IN
`THE SEND BUFFER:
`KNOWN BYTE
`SYNC BYTE
`SERIES
`NDIVIDUAL ID
`CHECKSUM
`
`51
`
`SELECT BASE
`FREQUENCES fo AND f1
`
`52
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`TRANSMIT DATA
`
`53
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 9 of 106
`
`FIG. 6(A)
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 7 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`61
`
`ecstas)
`
`
`Read stored counterStored Counter
`
`CARD
`
`TRANSMISSION
`
`
`
`63
`
`
`
`66
`
`SERIES=DES3(Key, Msg)
`Msg(Group ID, Counter
`Counter ---
`
`DataOut-Series, Individual ID
`
`64
`
`Transmit fo and fl
`
`Transmit start bit
`
`Transmit byte from (Sync...CRC)
`portion of data stream
`
`67
`
`68
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 10 of 106
`
`Transmit stop bit
`
`Any more data from the
`(Sync..CRC) portion of the data
`stream?
`
`YES
`
`out FIG. 6(B)
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 11 of 106
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 11 of 106
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug.19, 2003
`
`Sheet 8 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`MAZZNAZ
`
`Td
`
`cdd
`
`cad
`
`pada
`
`cada
`
`oda
`
`Lda
`
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`
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`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 9 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`-GICIA C
`
`
`
`RIGHT|{{[\OGI GIOVJLTOA
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 12 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`JLIQORTIO ONIHOLLAAS GIN V RIGH NAOd?
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 13 of 106
`
`60H , , ,
`
`
`ovo (,6O? L8
`
`+
`
`——
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 11 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`SMART CARD CONNECTOR
`
`J1
`
`Vdd3 O
`
`VDD
`
`CLKOUT
`
`
`
`CON8B
`
`FIG 10
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 14 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 12 Of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`111
`
`112
`
`DRIVERS
`
`116
`
`13
`
`
`
`SPECIAL CLIENT REMOTE
`ACCESS SOFTWARE
`
`117
`
`WEB BROWSER
`
`115
`
`CLIENT COMPUTER SYSTEM so
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 15 of 106
`
`FIG 11
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 13 Of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`Z I "OIH
`
`
`
`
`
`@TRIVAALHOS NOIJLd[HO@HTRI CTRIVO
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 16 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 14 Of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`START
`
`INITIALIZIZE SOUND
`DEVICE AND OPTIMIZE
`MIXER SETTINGS
`
`
`
`
`
`PC IS IN "WAITING FOR
`SIGNAL" STATE
`
`132
`
`
`
`DETECT SIGNAL
`
`DECODE SIGNAL
`
`
`
`
`
`PROCESS DATA BASED
`ON APPLICATION
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 17 of 106
`
`133
`
`134
`
`35
`
`PC RX
`SOFTWARE
`
`FIG. 13
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 15 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`SIGNAL DECODER
`
`INPUT xn]
`
`140
`
`
`
`SHORT TERM
`CORRELATOR
`FREQUENCY f1
`
`141
`
`SHORT TERM
`CORRELATOR
`FREQUENCY fo
`
`142
`144
`THRESHOLD >
`f1
`
`143
`
`>
`
`THRESHOLD
`fO
`
`
`
`
`
`DECISION:
`RX=O or 12
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 18 of 106
`
`FIG. 14
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 16 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`ZG|| 9 ||-
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 19 of 106
`
`
`
`
`
`NOIJLOCH LEICI TVNOIS
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 17 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 20 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`/ I 'OIH
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 21 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 19 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 22 of 106
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 23 of 106
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 23 of 106
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 21 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
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`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 24 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 22 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`SERVER ARCHITECTURE
`
`211e
`
`21 1 a
`
`2.11b.
`
`211C
`
`211d
`
`NCENTIVE
`PONS
`DATABASE
`
`COUPON
`DATABASE
`
`MERCHANOSE
`DATABASE
`
`SOUNDTRACK
`DATABASE
`
`ACCOUNT
`DATABASE
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Management
`Tools and
`Web Page
`Information
`
`PATTERN RECOGNITION
`SEARCHENGINE
`
`213
`
`AUTHENICATION
`SERVER
`
`MEMORY
`
`215a
`
`SERVER
`
`
`
`215b
`
`215
`
`WEB
`SERVER
`
`214
`
`N210
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 25 of 106
`
`16
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 23 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`PATTERN RECOGNITION SEARCHENGINE
`
`220-
`
`221
`
`222
`
`(VVA-
`
`SAMPLNG
`
`NORMALIZATION
`
`223
`
`224
`
`225
`
`FILTERING
`
`TIME SLICE
`
`FEATURE
`CALCULATION
`
`226
`
`
`
`COMPARATOR:
`FIND MATCH IN
`
`227
`
`CHECK
`
`MATCH
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 26 of 106
`
`FIG. 22
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 24 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 27 of 106
`
`80.1 ||
`
`£Z "OIH
`
`OG/ |
`
`CIGAL?.
`
`30jnos
`
`3ounos
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 25 0f 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`:
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 28 of 106
`
`sy) YYYYA
`/////XA
`
`
`
`
`
`sy) YYYYX.
`--
`- \////X/
`
`:
`
`:
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 26 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`COMPONENT LAYOUT H1
`
`
`
`252
`Chip and SMT
`
`251
`
`No am am as a mm an
`
`254
`
`255
`Transducer
`
`257 s h
`Substrate
`WIC
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 29 of 106
`
`FIG. 25(A)
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 27 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`COMPONENT LAYOUT H2
`
`259
`Transducer
`
`251b
`Battery #2
`
`252
`Chip and SMT
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 30 of 106
`
`251 a
`Battery #1
`
`257
`Substrate
`
`256
`SWitch
`
`FIG. 25(B)
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 28 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`COMPONENT LAYOUT H3
`
`
`
`256
`
`257
`Substrate
`
`258
`a
`
`253 Smart Card Connectors
`254 Transducer/286 Transducer
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 31 of 106
`
`25igital
`Core
`
`End
`
`Battery
`
`FIG. 25(C)
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 29 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`CARD FABRICATION
`
`261
`
`262
`
`263
`
`Clear PVC
`Outer Layer
`Printed
`PVC
`Layer
`
`Substrate
`"Cap" Layer
`
`252 Chip and SMT
`251
`---
`Battery
`47
`s
`2 Transducer
`260a O -256 SWitch
`Chip and
`O
`2so Battery
`SMT Cavity
`Cavity
`
`26OC
`Transducer
`Cavity
`
`
`
`260
`
`264
`
`265
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 32 of 106
`
`266
`
`Substrate
`26Od
`SWitch
`Cavity
`
`Cavity Layer (PVC)
`
`Printed PVC Layer
`
`Clear PVC Layer
`
`FIG. 26
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 30 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`TRANSDUCER FABRICATION
`
`.
`
`PIEZO-CERAMC
`BRASS/SS PLATE
`
`FIG. 27(A)
`
`
`
`270
`
`
`
`.
`
`
`
`PIEZO-CERAMIC
`
`273
`
`FIG. 27(B)
`
`PRINTED PVC
`
`276a
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 33 of 106
`
`.
`
`PIEZO-CERAMIC F
`BRASS/SS PLATE
`
`271
`276
`
`273
`274
`
`275
`
`FIG. 27(C)
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 31 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`MULTI-MODE SWITCH
`
`280
`
`281
`
`282
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`START
`NO POWER
`
`SWITCH NOT
`PRESSED
`
`PRESS SWITCH
`
`POWER ON
`- BEEP EVERY
`T SECS
`
`PRESS SWITCH
`
`RELEASE
`SWITCH
`
`X NUMBER
`OF BEEPS
`AND CARD
`AUTH DATA
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 34 of 106
`
`283
`
`CPU TURNS
`POWER OFF
`
`FIG. 28
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 32 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`E-WALLET SYSTEM
`
`USER ID:
`PW:
`
`
`
`296
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 35 of 106
`
`WEB PORTAL
`
`REGISTRATION
`SERVER
`
`LOG SERVER
`(ELECTRONIC
`CARD)
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 33 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`300
`
`LAUNCH WEB
`BROWSER
`
`CLOSED
`
`EB BROWSER
`OPENED OR
`CLOSED
`
`30
`
`
`
`OPENED
`
`CURRENTURLS
`MyEWallet?
`
`YES
`
`ACCESS
`MyEWallet
`WEBSITE
`
`OPEN SECOND
`WINDOW
`
`
`
`AUTOMATICALLY
`FILL OUT USER ID
`AND PW
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`303
`
`
`
`SMART
`E-WALLET
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 36 of 106
`
`306
`
`307
`
`AUTOMATICALLY
`SUBMIT USERD
`AND PW
`
`USER BROWSES/
`SHOPS
`
`309
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 34 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`CREDIT CARD
`TRANSACTION MODEL
`
`
`
`311
`
`
`
`Credit Card Org
`(i.e., Visa/Mastercard)
`
`/ 313 \
`
`ACduirer
`(Bank)
`
`SSuer
`(Citibank)
`
`
`
`
`
`12
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 37 of 106
`
`FIG. 31
`
`314
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 35 0f 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`ON-LINE
`AUTHENTICATION
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`327
`
`DENYACCESS
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 38 of 106
`
`FIG. 32
`
`320
`
`321
`
`RECEIVE
`AUTHENTICATION
`RECUEST
`
`322
`
`NOVIDUAL DIN
`DATABASEP
`
`DECRYPTENCRYPTED
`PORTION OF
`AUTHENTICATION
`RECUEST
`
`323
`
`24
`
`325
`
`GROUP D MATCH2
`
`COUNTERVALUEN
`AUTHENTICATION
`RECQUEST COUNTER
`VALUEN DATABASE2
`
`
`
`
`
`RETURN
`AUTHENTICATION
`CONFIRMATON
`AND DATA
`
`326
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 36 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`CHALLENGE-RESPONSE:
`CUSTOMER CHECKS MERCHANT
`
`DIGITAL CERTIFICATE
`(EXPDATE, MERCHANT
`NAME, CA SIGNATURE,
`MERCHANTS PUBLC
`KEY)
`--
`
`PC
`
`DGITAL CERTIFICATE
`(EXPDATE, MERCHANT
`NAME, CA SIGNATURE,
`MERCHANTS PUBLIC
`KEY)
`-CH
`
`WEB
`MERCHANT
`
`CHALLENGE (E.G.,
`RANDOMNUMBER)
`
`-O-
`
`PC
`
`CHALLENGE (E.G.,
`RANDOMNUMBER)
`
`-o-
`
`WEB
`MERCHANT
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`CHECKSDGTAL
`CERTIFICATE
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`CHECK RESPONSE WITH
`MERCHANS PUBLIC
`KEY
`
`MERCHANT GENERATES
`RESPONSEY SIGNING
`CHALLENGE WITH
`MERCHANT'S PRIVATE
`KEY
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`ReSPONSE
`
`-H
`
`PC
`
`RESPONSE
`
`-CH
`
`WEB
`MERCHANT
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 39 of 106
`
`FIG. 33
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 37 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`CHALLENGE-RESPONSE:
`MERCHANT CHECKS CUSTOMER
`
`CARD ID, CUSTOMER'S
`PUBLIC KEY, DIGITAL
`CERTIFICATE
`
`CARD ID, CUSTOMER'S
`PUBLIC KEY, DIGITAL
`CERTIFICATE
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`-o-
`
`PC
`
`WEB
`-o-
`MERCHANT
`
`CHALLENGE (E.G.,
`RANDOM NUMBER)
`
`-Comm-
`
`PC
`
`CHALLENGE (E.G.,
`RANDOMNUMBER)
`
`-CH
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`CHECKSDIGITAL
`CERTIFICATE
`
`WEB
`MERCHANT
`
`SMART CARD
`GENERATES RESPONSE
`BYSIGNING CHALLENGE
`WITH CUSTOMERS
`PRIVATE KEY
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`RESPONSE
`
`-O-
`
`PC
`
`RESPONSE
`
`a-D-
`
`WEB
`MERCHANT
`
`CHECKRESPONSE WITH
`CUSTOMER'S PUBLC
`KEY
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 40 of 106
`
`FIG. 34
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 38 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`CONCURRENT CHALLENGE-RESPONSE:
`MERCHANT AND CUSTOMER CHECK
`EACH OTHER
`
`CARD ID, CUSTOMER'S
`PUBLIC KEY, DIGITAL
`CERTIFICATE,
`CUSOMER'S CHALLENGE
`
`-O-
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`CARD ID, CUSTOMER'S
`PUBLIC KEY, DIGITAL
`cusri Sience
`
`PC
`
`WEB
`-o-
`MERCHANT
`
`MERCHANTS
`CHALLENGE, RESPONSE
`O CUSTOMER'S
`CHALLENGE, AND DIGITAL
`CERTIFICATE (INCL.
`MERCHANT'S PUBLIC
`KEY
`
`PC
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`CHECKS CUSTOMERS
`DIGITAL CERTIFICATE;
`SiGNS CUSTOMER'S
`CHALLENGE WITH
`MERCHAs PRIVATE
`MERCHANTS
`CHALENGERESPONSE
`TO CUSTOMERS
`CHALLENGE, AND DIGITAL
`CERTIFICATE (INCL.
`MERCHANTS PUBLIC
`KEY)
`WEB
`-H-
`MERCHANT
`
`CHECKSMERCHANTS
`DIGITAL CERTIFICATE,
`CHECKS RESPONSETO
`CUSTOMER'S
`CHALLENGE WITH
`MERCHANT'S PUBLIC
`KEY
`
`RESPONSE TO
`MERCHANTS
`CHALLENGE
`-O-
`
`PC
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`RESPONSEO
`MERCHANTS
`CHALLENGE
`WEB
`-O-
`MERCHANT
`
`GENERATES RESPONSE
`TO MERCHANTS
`CHALLENGE BY SIGNING
`MERCHANTS
`CHALLENGE WITH
`CUSTOMER'S PRIVATE
`KEY
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 41 of 106
`
`CHECK RESPONSE WITH
`CUSOMER'S PUBLIC
`KY
`
`FIG. 35
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 39 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`CSP EMBODIMENT
`
`DATA FROM SMART
`CARD
`
`SMART
`CARD
`
`RANDOMNUMBER
`(DATA TO BE SIGNED)
`PC -- WEB
`-> MERCHANT
`SIGNED DIGITAL
`CERTIFICATE
`
`SSNESTAL
`
`PSEASE
`
`FROM SMART CARd
`
`CSP SERVER
`
`DIGITAL CERTIFICAE
`SGNINGFACLIYAND
`HOLDER OF PRIVATE
`KEYS
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 42 of 106
`
`FIG. 36
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 40 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`FMIF System for RF
`Decoding (1)
`
`
`
`370
`
`371
`
`372
`
`
`
`
`
`Pre Amplifier
`and BPF
`
`FMF
`System
`
`
`
`Quadrature
`NetWork
`
`374
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 43 of 106
`
`FIG. 37
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 41 0f 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`989
`
`89 "OIH
`
`(Z) 6u?poo?O
`
`
`H?! Jo! uue?SÁS HI WN
`
`
`
`(Z) uue?SÁS
`
`-|| VN
`
`
`
`(L) uue?sÁS
`
`-HI WN
`
`[89
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 44 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 42 0f 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`6upOO?C] p[e]- o?eu6eW
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 45 of 106
`
`
`
`euu??uvy dooT
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 43 0f 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`Tld ?ue/WpueH 6u?sn
`
`
`
`
`6u?poo?CI JOJ
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 46 of 106
`
`JeonpSueu L
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 44 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`
`
`JOJ TTCH ?Je/W??OS 6u?sn
`
`
`
`6u?poo?O
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 47 of 106
`
`JeonpSueu L
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 45 0f 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`iz + + –
`
`
`
`
`
`6u?SS3OOld pueq?seg
`
`
`
`JOJ J?X|W| 6u?sn
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 48 of 106
`
`J?OnpSueu]
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 46 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`CONCURRENT OPERATION OF
`MULTIPLE RECORDING SOFTWARE
`114
`Special
`Client
`Software
`
`
`
`Special Driver
`
`
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 49 of 106
`
`Sound Card
`
`438
`
`FIG. 43
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 47 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`CONCURRENT OPERATION OF
`MULTIPLE RECORDING SOFTWARE
`114
`Special
`Client
`Software
`
`430
`
`WindoWS MultiMedia
`
`1
`
`435
`
`
`
`Special Driver
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 50 of 106
`
`Sound Card
`
`438
`
`FIG. 44
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 48 0f 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`453
`
`St.
`Server Hosting Merchant
`Web site
`
`50
`
`Electronic Card
`
`454
`
`451
`
`457 / /
`\/-
`
`456
`
`-----
`
`
`
`452
`
`-
`
`As
`
`C
`
`-
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 51 of 106
`
`Card Holder PC
`With 'Secure Remote ACCess'
`ClientSoftware
`
`Card issuer Server (holding
`Customer's credit card info)
`
`FIG. 45
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 49 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`APPLICATIONS
`
`461
`
`BROADCAST
`MEDIA OR PC
`
`
`
`462
`
`-Y
`
`l1 PHONE
`alo APPLICATIONS
`TNa WEB
`
`-Y
`Na
`AUTHENTICATION -- S2
`N
`
`S
`
`SN
`
`ELECTRON
`C CARD
`
`460
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 52 of 106
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Aug. 19, 2003
`
`Sheet 50 of 50
`
`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`ELECTRONIC CARD
`WiMAG STRIPE
`
`-U-
`
`471
`
`
`
`ELECTRONIC CARD
`W/MAG STRIPE
`
`
`
`POINT-OF-SALE
`MACHINE
`
`H
`DDDDDDD
`MERCHANT'S ACCOUNT AND
`AUTHENTICATION SERVER
`
`
`
`MERCHANT'S ACCOUNT AND
`AUTHENTCATION SERVER
`
`475 /
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 43-2 Filed 04/19/22 Page 53 of 106
`
`DDDDDD
`CENTRAL ACCOUNT DATABASE
`
`FIG. 47
`
`

`

`US 6,607,136 B1
`
`1
`PHYSICAL PRESENCE DIGITAL
`AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM
`
`RELATED APPLICATIONS
`This application is a continuation-in-part of PCT appli
`cation PCT/IL99/00525 titled “Card for Interaction with a
`Computer,” filed Oct. 4, 1999, which is a 35 USC 119(e)
`application based on U.S. provisional applications No.
`60/115,231 filed Jan. 8, 1999, No. 60/122,687 filed Mar. 3,
`1999, No. 60/143,220 filed Jul. 9, 1999, No. 60/145,342
`filed Jul 23, 1999, and No. 60/153,858 filed Sep. 14, 1999.
`This application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. pro
`visional application No. 60/180,530 filed Feb. 7, 2000. This
`application is also a continuation-in-part of PCT applica
`tions PCT/IL98/00450 filed Sep. 16, 1998, PCT/IL99/00470
`filed Aug. 27, 1999, PCT/IL99/00506 filed Sep. 16, 1999,
`and PCT/IL99/00521 filed Oct. 1, 1999, all filed in the Israel
`receiving office by applicant ComSense Technologies Ltd.
`and designating the United States, and PCT/IB99/02110
`filed Nov. 16, 1999 with the International Bureau. All of
`these applications benefit from a priority date of Jul. 6, 1998.
`The disclosures of all of these applications are incorporated
`herein by reference.
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`1. Field of the Invention
`The present invention relates generally to electronic cards
`or device for interaction with another electronic card or
`device Such as a computer and, in particular, to electronic
`cards that use acoustic Signals for Such communications.
`2. Description of Related Art
`The Internet, and the World Wide Web (WWW) in
`particular, has grown in popularity in recent years. In
`addition to news and information, merchants and consumers
`alike have come to view the web as a virtually unlimited
`Source for conducting business, in the form of Sales of
`products, Services, and information. Nevertheless, many
`computer users are still Somewhat leery of conducting Sales
`transactions over the web especially because credit cards are
`involved, along with the associated fear of widespread and
`unchecked dissemination of the credit card numbers. These
`Same users may also be leery of conducting non-Internet
`related Sales transactions using credit cards. After all, any
`one can Swipe a credit card number and use it later for
`unauthorized purchases. ASSurances from well-meaning
`web (and non-web) merchants do not alleviate these con
`cerns because the user would have to carry a credit card in
`his person, which can be easily stolen or lost (and thus found
`by an unscrupulous thief). What is needed is a Secure
`purchasing mechanism that provides users with the peace of
`mind to make a purchase on the web (or any other form of
`electronic purchase or other Secure information access)
`without the fear of having his credit card number stolen by
`an interloper at any point in the transaction.
`Typically, Systems that provide Security to Such online
`users do So to the detriment of user convenience. Because
`the Internet is a mass-medium, the Success of online Services
`depends largely on preserving user convenience. Without
`Such conveniences, users would become decreasingly toler
`ant resulting in a loSS of busineSS and Social opportunities for
`both web merchants and users alike.
`Traditional microprocessor credit cards, also known as
`“smart cards” or “chip cards,” provide security. But while
`Smart cards that work in conjunction with dedicated Smart
`card readers have become prevalent (i.e., bank cards in
`
`15
`
`25
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
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`Europe), they are ill-Suited for deployment as widespread
`Internet access control devices. Deploying Smart card read
`ers to users in their homes, for example, and educating users
`on their installation and use, are cumberSome, expensive,
`and inconvenient.
`The prior art Smart card Systems largely were developed
`for a disconnected world; that is, maintaining a constant
`connection between the Smart card and Some other entity
`was considered expensive, inconvenient, and largely unnec
`essary. Indeed, the telephone charge itself was significant
`enough in cost to warrant minimizing Such connection
`times.
`In the prior art Smart card, a Small computer apparatus
`was embedded into a credit card plastic. At the very
`minimum, that apparatus would authenticate a user's Secret
`personal identification number that was manually entered by
`the user on an in-store keypad every time a card is Swiped.
`This authentication proceSS did not require the intervention
`of any other authentication network. One aim of the present
`invention is to provide authentication that is as Secure as
`ordinary bank cards, but in a manner where the functionality
`asSociated with the card is accessed via a public network
`Such as the Internet. Ideally, Such cards that Send a one-way
`authentication Signal can be used anywhere the Internet is
`available.
`Computer network components that communicate using
`radio frequency (RF), infrared (IR), and wires are well
`known. In addition, Some home appliances are controlled
`using acoustic remote control. However, these networks and
`appliances needed dedicated hardware components to real
`ize the communication protocol; that is, Specific and Spe
`cialized hardware whose Sole purpose was to effectuate the
`communication was installed therein. If Such communica
`tion were not needed, the Specific and Specialized hardware
`would not be needed at all. Installing Such hardware on an
`existing computer, TV, or radio may be expensive and/or
`problematic. Further, Some electronic and/or computer
`embedded devices, for example cellular telephones may be
`“sealed” products, to which it is impossible to add internal
`components. What is needed is an electronic device that
`communicates with existing infrastructure equipment with
`out the need to further equip these infrastructure equipment
`with any special hardware Such as a Smart card reader.
`PCT publications WO96/10880, WO94/17498, WO93/
`21720 and W)93/11619, the disclosures of which are incor
`porated herein by reference describe an electronic device
`which transmits coded information to a microphone of a
`telephone using a DTMF-like encoding scheme. A WWW
`page addressed "http://www.encotone.com/html/tech
`def.html, Suggests using Such a device to transmit audible
`DTMF-like tones to a personal computer using the comput
`er's Sound card.
`Two way communications using audible DTMF-like
`tones, between an electronic card and a telephone commu
`nication system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,583,933, the
`disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
`Thus, what is needed is a communication mechanism that
`allows the electronic card to communicate with a
`transmitter/receiver without the need for dedicated or Special
`hardware. Use of existing components would facilitate the
`wide acceptance of this communication mechanism, particu
`larly in the purchasing context.
`The present invention provides Such a System and method
`and provides solutions to the problems described above.
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`One object of the present invention is to provide an
`electronic System which allows users to easily interact with
`a merchant (web-based or otherwise) or Some other entity.
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`Still another object of the present invention is to provide
`a credit card-sized electronic card that can interact with
`various electronic devices (e.g., computer) to transmit infor
`mation as well as receive information.
`Another object of the present invention is to provide Such
`an interactive electronic System without the use of dedicated
`hardware; that is, existing hardware will be utilized resulting
`in little, if any, changes for the television, radio, and Stereo
`System manufacturers.
`A further object of the present invention is to require little
`or no change to the content (as opposed to the infrastructure
`equipment itself) generated by the existing infrastructure.
`Sound is an essential element of human communications.
`Therefore, the present invention is relatively immune from
`changing communications Standards, and is mass Scalable.
`Strictly Speaking, implementing those two-way methods
`requires little or no infrastructure change or modification of
`existing Sound content. Two-way implementations under the
`current invention provide widespread utility in Situations
`removed from a network. For example, Some embodiments
`described here enable users to “bookmark” sound content,
`and later use those Sound bookmarks to retrieve desired
`content from a network or other receiving apparatus.
`In accordance with one embodiment of the present
`invention, the interactive electronic System includes an
`electronic card. In one embodiment, the electronic card is a
`on