Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 1 of 54
`ee” STATETAT
`
`US011018724B2
`
`a2) United States Patent
`US 11,018,724 B2
`(0) Patent No.:
`
` Xie et al. (45) Date of Patent: May25, 2021
`
`
`(54) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR
`EMULATING MULTIPLE CARDS IN
`MOBILE DEVICES
`(71) Applicant: RFCyber Corporation, Fremont, CA
`(US)
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`Es
`6,481,632 B2*
`11/2002 Wentker onrernn Coe
`7,206,849 BL*
`4/2007 Gemert ....... GO6F 1/3203
`370/249
`
`(72)
`
`Inventors: Xiangzhen Xie, Shenzhen (CN); Liang
`Seng Koh, Fremont, CA (US); Hsin
`Pan, Fremont, CA (US)
`
`(Continued)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`(73) Assignee: RFCyber Corp., Plano, TX (US)
`
`WO
`
`WO-2009083679 A2 *
`
`7/2009 verre G06Q 20/351
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 1699 days.
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 13/782,948
`.
`Filed:
`
`(22)
`(65)
`
`Mar. 1, 2013
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2013/0178159 Al
`Jul. 11, 2013
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 13/350,832,
`filed on Jan. 16, 2012, now abandoned, which is a
`(Continued)
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`HO4B 5/00
`G06Q 30/06
`
`(2006.01)
`(2012.01)
`(Continued)
`
`400
`
`Chameleon—Aversatile emulator for contactless smart cards, Kasper
`Timo et al.
`, Information and security cryptology, 2010, Berlin,
`Heidelberg, 189-206.*
`Primary Examiner — NehaPatel
`Assistant Examiner — Isidora I Immanuel
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Joe Zheng
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`Techniques for mobile devices configured to support or
`function as multiple contactless cards, such as Mifare con-
`tactless cards, are disclosed. According to one embodiment,
`a mobile device embedded with an emulator is loaded with
`a plurality of software modules or applications, each emu-
`lating one card or one type of contactless cards. An emulator
`is implemented in a secure element that is personalized for
`a user of the mobile device while the applications are
`respectively provisioned via their respective providers per
`the personalized secure element. When the mobile device is
`to be used as a contactless card to perform a monetary
`function, a corresponding application is loaded into and
`executed in the emulator. When the mobile device is to be
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`CPC ween HO4B 5/0056 (2013.01); GO6Q 20/227._—_used to perform another monetary function, a corresponding
`(2013.01); G06Q 20/322 (2013.01);
`application is loaded into the emulator to replace the previ-
`(Continued)
`ous application entirely or partially in the emulator. As a
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`result, the mobile device can be used as a monetary device
`None
`in lieu of multiple contactless cards.
`See application file for complete search history.
`11 Claims, 35 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`
`Application/Service
`
`Trusted Service Manager
`Application/Servi
`
`
`
`
`pplication/Service
`120
`provider #1
`
`
`4102
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`104
`
`Service object N|Key Index #N
`
`NFC device
`
`NFC device
`
`
`BandAinis
`Ty
`bi
`RaadOnshe
`sah
`
`
`Card
`ReadOnly
`Transaction
`ReadOnly
`Transaction
`Card
`Manager
`Wallet Ut
`Wallet UI
`Manager
`Wallet Ut
`Wallet UI
`
`Proxy 412}|App #1 446) App #1 148
`
`
`
`
`Proxy 412]|App #1416: App #1 118
`NFC Reader
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Trusted Mifare Service Manager (TMSM)
`
`
`Application Application|@ Application
`106
`Applet #1 @|Applet #NApplet #2
`
`
`Service object 1|Key Index #1
`
`Service object 2]Key Index #2
`Emulator
`122
`
`Secure element embedded in
`NFC device or detached
`
`Offline Mifare apptication with reader and SAM
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 2 of 54
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 2 of 54
`
`US 11,018,724 B2
`Page 2
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`(60)
`
`(51)
`
`(52)
`
`continuation-in-part of application No. 11/534,653,
`filed on Sep. 24, 2006, now Pat. No. 8,118,218.
`Provisional application No. 61/606,451, filed on Mar.
`4, 2012.
`
`(2012.01)
`(2012.01)
`(2012.01)
`(2012.01)
`(2012.01)
`
`Int. Cl.
`G060 20/36
`G060 20/40
`G06O 20/32
`G06 20/22
`G060 20/34
`U.S. Cl.
`CPC....... G06Q 20/3278 (2013.01); GO6Q 20/352
`(2013.01); G06Q 20/3552 (2013.01); GO6Q
`20/3572 (2013.01); G06Q 20/3672 (2013.01):
`G06Q 20/40 (2013.01); G06Q 30/0601
`(2013.01)
`
`7,908,216 BI*
`
`8,005,426 B2*
`
`8,646,059 BIL*
`
`9,128,829 B2*
`2003/0151125 Al*
`
`2006/0052080 Al*
`
`2006/0065741 Al*
`
`2006/0141987 Al*
`
`3/2011 Davis «0... G06Q 20/02
`705/41
`8/2011 Huomo ......... G06Q 20/20
`235/441
`2/2014 von Behren....... G06Q 20/3574
`726/9
`9/2015 Corda... GO6F 12/0638
`8/2003 Hosogoe............ G06Q 20/3574
`257/679
`3/2006 Vitikainen .............. GIOL 15/30
`455/403
`3/2006 Vayssiere......... G06K 19/07703
`235/492
`6/2006 De Groot............ HO4L 63/0414
`455/411
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 3 of 54
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`U.S. Patent
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`May25, 2021
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`Sheet 1 of 35
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 4 of 54
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`U.S. Patent
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`May25, 2021
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`Sheet 2 of 35
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 5 of 54
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`U.S. Patent
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`May25, 2021
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`Sheet 3 of 35
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 6 of 54
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 6 of 54
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`U.S. Patent
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`May25, 2021
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 7 of 54
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`U.S. Patent
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`May25, 2021
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 8 of 54
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`May25, 2021
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 9 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 10 of 54
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`May25, 2021
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 11 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 12 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 13 of 54
`21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 13 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 14 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 15 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 16 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 18 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 19 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 20 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 21 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 23 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 24 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 25 of 54
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`U.S. Patent
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 26 of 54
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`U.S. Patent
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 27 of 54
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 27 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 28 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 29 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 32 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 33 of 54
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 33 of 54
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 34 of 54
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`May25, 2021
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 35 of 54
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 35 of 54
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`U.S. Patent
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`May25, 2021
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`Sheet 33 of 35
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`US 11,018,724 B2
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 36 of 54
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 36 of 54
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`U.S. Patent
`
`May25, 2021
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`Sheet 34 of 35
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`US 11,018,724 B2
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 37 of 54
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 37 of 54
`
`U.S. Patent
`
`May25, 2021
`
`Sheet 35 of 35
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`US 11,018,724 B2
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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 38 of 54
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 38 of 54
`
`US 11,018,724 B2
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`1
`METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR
`EMULATING MULTIPLE CARDSIN
`MOBILE DEVICES
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`wa
`
`Field of the Invention
`
`The present invention is generally related to the area of
`electronic commerce. Particularly, the present invention is
`related to a mobile device configured to support multiple
`cards (e.g., Mifare) or applications of similar type.
`The Background of Related Art
`A contactless smart card is a pocket-sized card with
`embeddedintegrated circuits that can process andstore data,
`and communicate with a terminal via radio waves. Contact-
`
`less smart cards do not contain an ordinary read-only RFID,
`but they do contain a re-writeable smart card microchip that
`can be transcribed via radio waves. Contactless smart cards
`can be used for identification, authentication, and data
`storage. They provide a meansof effecting business trans-
`actions in a flexible, secure, standard way with minimal
`human intervention.
`
`MIFAREis one of the most popular contactless cards used
`in many daily applications such as building door access, car
`park entrance, and transit e-purse. MIFAREor Mifare is the
`NXP Semiconductors-owned trademark of a series of chips
`widely used in contactless smart cards or proximity cards. A
`Mifare classic card is fundamentally just a memory storage
`device, where the memory is divided into segments and
`blocks with simple security mechanisms for access control.
`Many people may have more than one Mifare cards in their
`wallets, for example, one for transit use, one for meals, and
`one for admission. As mobile devices with near field com-
`
`munication (NFC)capability (thus NFC devices) are being
`advanced to replace the wallets, it is important for these
`NFCdevices to support more than one Mifare cards. How-
`ever, a current NFC device is loaded with only one emulator
`and could be designed to function as one contactless card,
`such as a Mifare card for transportation, there is a need for
`solutions to make an NFC device with an emulator to
`
`support or function as many Mifare cards as possible.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`This section is for the purpose of summarizing some
`aspects of the present invention and to briefly introduce
`some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions
`may be madeto avoid obscuring the purpose of the section.
`Such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit
`the scope of the present invention.
`Thepresent invention is related to techniques for mobile
`devices configured to support or function as multiple con-
`tactless cards, such as Mifare contactless card commonly
`used. According to one aspect of the present invention, a
`mobile device embedded with an emulator is loaded with a
`plurality of software modules or applications, each emulat-
`ing or simulating one card or one type of contactless cards.
`An emulator is implemented in a secure element that is
`personalized for a user of the mobile device while the
`applications are respectively provisionedvia their respective
`providers per the personalized secure element. When the
`mobile device is to be used as a contactless card to perform
`a set of monetary functions, a corresponding application is
`loaded into and executed in the emulator. When the mobile
`
`device is to be used to perform another set of monetary
`functions, a corresponding application is loaded into the
`emulator to replace the previous application entirely or
`
`30
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`2
`partially in the emulator. As a result, the mobile device can
`be used as a monetary device in lieu of multiple contactless
`cards.
`
`Accordingto still another aspect of the present invention,
`the mobile device is a near field communication (NFC)
`device and being part of a mobile payment ecosystem in
`which various parties are work with each other in order for
`the mobile payment ecosystem successful. Via a server(e.g.,
`implemented as a manager) configured to provide what is
`referred to herein as Trusted Service Management (TSM),
`the secure element in the mobile device can be remotely
`personalized and the applications can be downloaded,
`updated, managed or replaced after they are respectively
`provisioned via the Trusted Service Manager(i.e., the TSM
`server).
`Accordingto still another aspect of the present invention,
`for supporting the Mifare contactless cards, a module
`(implemented as a manager) providing Trusted Mifare Ser-
`vice Management (TMSM)
`is provided to manage the
`provisioned applications in the mobile device to emulate the
`mobile device as multiple contactless cards. A card proxy
`manager implemented in the mobile device to facilitate
`communication between the TSM server and the TMSM
`
`module in the secure element. Additional applications are
`also implemented in the mobile devices to provide specific
`functions to read only specific data from one of the appli-
`cations simulating a contactless card or write transactional
`activities into the application.
`Accordingto still another aspect of the present invention,
`when an application (e.g., a Mifare contactless card or an
`e-purse supporting the Mifare contactless card) is being
`provisioned, security keys (either symmetric or asymmetric)
`are personalized within a three-tier security model so as to
`be able to perform secured transaction with a payment
`server. An example of the three-tier security model includes
`a physical security, an e-purse security and an SEsecurity,
`concentrically encapsulating one with another.
`In one
`embodiment, the essential data to be personalized into the
`e-purse include one or more operation keys (e.g., a load or
`top-up key and a purchase key), default personal identifi-
`cation numbers (PINs), administration keys (e.g., an unblock
`PIN key and a reload PIN key), and passwords(e.g., from a
`service provider such as Mifare). During a transaction, the
`security keys are used to establish a secured channel
`between a provisioned e-purse and a Security Authentication
`Module (SAM) or backend server in a financial institute
`(e.g., bank, credit union, credit clearing bureau, etc.).
`According to yet another aspect of the present invention,
`a portable device is configured to conduct e-commerce
`and/or m-commerce as an electronic mobile seller (e.g.,
`mobile POS). E-commerce and m-commerce operations
`(i.e., offline payment, online payment, real time top-up,
`virtual top-up, batch transactions upload, and various que-
`ries of balances andtransactions) can be conducted using the
`portable device with a POSapplication (e.g., a manager) and
`a POS SAM installed therein.
`
`One important features, advantages and benefits in the
`present invention is to enable a mobile device to support
`multiple contactless cards. The present invention may be
`implementedas a single device, a server, a system or a part
`of system. It is believed that various implementations may
`lead to results that may not be achieved conventionally.
`According to one embodiment, the present invention is a
`mobile device comprising: an emulator; a near field com-
`munication (NFC)
`interface to facilitate data exchange
`between a reader and an application being loaded and
`executed in the emulator, wherein the application in the
`
`

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`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 39 of 54
`Case 6:21-cv-00916-ADA Document 1-5 Filed 09/07/21 Page 39 of 54
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`US 11,018,724 B2
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`3
`emulator being one of the applications is replaceable in
`entirety or in part by another one of the applications; and a
`storage device configured to store the multiple applications,
`anyoneof the applications being loadable into the emulator
`when selectively activated and subsequently replacing the
`application in the emulator, wherein the mobile device
`changes functions offered by the application to functions
`offered by another application newly loaded and executed in
`the emulator, wherein each of the applications has been
`remotely provisioned by a server configured to provide
`trusted service management (TSM).
`In the embodiment, the emulator is implemented in the
`secure element, that is enclosed in the mobile device or ina
`detachable card to the mobile device. Each of the applica-
`tions simulating functions of one of contactless cards is
`provided respectively to perform a function related to mon-
`etary, the mobile device is able to be used for all of the
`contactless cards when the applications are respectively
`loaded into and executed in the emulator.
`
`According to another embodiment, the present invention
`is a method for a mobile device to support multiple appli-
`cations, the method comprises: installing the applications
`respectively in the mobile device, each of the applications
`pertaining to a physical contactless card, so that the mobile
`device is to be used in lieu of multiple physical contactless
`cards.
`
`Other objects, features, and advantages of the present
`invention will become apparent upon examining the follow-
`ing detailed description of an embodimentthereof, taken in
`conjunction with the attached drawings.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`The invention will be readily understood by the following
`detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying
`drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like
`structural elements, and in which:
`FIG. 1A showsa simplified system in which two exem-
`plary computing devices and 104 being respectively config-
`ured