Case 6:21-cv-00750-ADA Document 1-6 Filed 07/22/21 Page 1 of 28
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`Exhibit 4
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`

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`Case 6:21-cv-00750-ADA Document 1-6 Filed 07/22/21 Page 2 of 28
`
`US008805552B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Forbes, Jr.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,805,552 B2
`Aug. 12, 2014
`
`323/304; 323/318; 713/300; 713/310; 713/320;
`713/340
`
`(58) Field of Classification Search
`USPC ........ 700/22, 286, 291, 295, 297: 702/60–62;
`713/310,320,340;323/299, 304,318
`See application file for complete search history.
`References Cited
`
`(56)
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`3,906,242 A
`4,023,043 A
`
`9, 1975 Stevenson
`5, 1977 Stevenson
`(Continued)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`JP
`
`1729223 A 12/2006
`2OOOO78748 A
`3, 2000
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Automated power exchange. (2000). Energy Markets, 19. Re
`trieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/228.731930?ac
`countid=14753.
`
`(Continued)
`Primary Examiner — Ramesh Patel
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Triangle Patents, PLLC
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`A client device manages consumption of power supplied by
`an electric utility to multiple power consuming devices.
`Power flow to the power consuming devices is selectively
`enabled and disabled by one or more controllable devices
`controlled by the client device. The client device receives a
`power control message from a load management server. In
`one embodiment, the power control message indicates at least
`one of an amount of electric power to be reduced and an
`identification of at least one controllable device to be
`instructed to disable a flow of electric power to one or more
`associated power consuming devices. Responsive to the
`power control message, the client device issues a power man
`agement command or instruction to one or more controllable
`devices under the client device's control. The power manage
`ment command causes the controllable device(s) to disable a
`flow of electric power to at least one associated power con
`Suming device.
`42 Claims, 8 Drawing Sheets
`
`(54) METHOD AND APPARATUS FORACTIVELY
`MANAGING CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRIC
`POWER OVER AN ELECTRIC POWER GRD
`(75) Inventor: Joseph W. Forbes, Jr., Raleigh, NC
`US
`(73) Assignee: Ram Energy, Inc., Raleigh, NC (US)
`(*) Notice:
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 281 days.
`(21) Appl. No.: 13/463,761
`(22) Filed:
`May 3, 2012
`(65)
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2012/0221162 A1
`Aug. 30, 2012
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(60) Continuation-in-part of application No. 13/172,389,
`filed on Jun. 29, 2011, now Pat. No. 8,315,717, which
`(Continued)
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2012.01)
`(2012.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`(51) Int. Cl.
`G05B II/OI
`G05D3/12
`G05D 5/00
`G05D 9/00
`G05D II/00
`G05D (7/00
`GOID 4/00
`G06Q 50/06
`G06O 10/06
`H02.3/4
`GOIR 2 1/OO
`GOIR 21/06
`GO5F5/OO
`GO5F3/OO
`GO5F3/02
`GO5F I/OO
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`CPC ................. G0ID 4/004 (2013.01); YO4S 20/40
`(2013.01); G06O 50/06 (2013.01); YO4S 20/222
`(2013.01); Y02B 90/245 (2013.01); Y02B
`70/3225 (2013.01); Y02B 90/242 (2013.01);
`Y04S 20/322 (2013.01); G06O 10/06 (2013.01);
`H02.J.3/14 (2013.01); YO4S 10/54 (2013.01)
`USPC ............. 700/22; 700/286; 700/291; 700/295;
`700/297: 702/60; 702/61: 702/62; 323/299;
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00750-ADA Document 1-6 Filed 07/22/21 Page 3 of 28
`
`US 8,805.552 B2
`Page 2
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`is a continuation of application No. 12/715,195, filed
`on Mar. 1, 2010, now Pat. No. 8,032,233, which is a
`division of application No. 1 1/895,909, filed on Aug.
`28, 2007, now Pat. No. 7,715,951.
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`(56)
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`

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`Case 6:21-cv-00750-ADA Document 1-6 Filed 07/22/21 Page 4 of 28
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`US 8,805.552 B2
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`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00750-ADA Document 1-6 Filed 07/22/21 Page 5 of 28
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`US 8,805.552 B2
`Page 4
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`

`

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`Case 6:21-cv-00750-ADA Document 1-6 Filed 07/22/21 Page 15 of 28
`
`US 8,805,552 B2
`
`1.
`METHOD AND APPARATUS FORACTIVELY
`MANAGING CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRIC
`POWER OVER ANELECTRIC POWER GRD
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This non-provisional utility patent application claims pri
`ority from and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application
`Ser. No. 13/172,389, filed Jun. 29, 2011, which is a continu
`ation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/715,195, filed Mar. 1,
`2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,032,233, which is a divisional of
`U.S. application Ser. No. 1 1/895,909 filed Aug. 28, 2007, now
`U.S. Pat. No. 7,715,951, all of which are incorporated herein
`by reference in their entirety.
`
`10
`
`15
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`2
`to connect to their electrical appliances and deactivate those
`appliances during high energy usage periods.
`While one-way devices are generally industry standard and
`relatively inexpensive to implement, the lack of a return path
`from the receiver, combined with the lack of information on
`the actual devices connected to the receiver, make the system
`highly inefficient for measuring the actual load shed to the
`serving utility. While the differential current draw is measur
`able on the serving electric utility’s transmission lines, the
`actual load shed is approximate and the location of the load
`deferral is approximated at the control center of the serving
`utility.
`One exemplary tele-metering system is disclosed in U.S.
`Pat. No. 6,891,838 B1. This patent describes details sur
`rounding a mesh communication of residential devices and
`the reporting and control of those devices, via WANs, to a
`computer. The Stated design goal in this patent is to facilitate
`the “monitoring and control of residential automation sys
`tems. This patent does not explain how a serving utility or
`customer could actively control the devices to facilitate the
`reduction of electricity. In contrast, this patent discloses tech
`niques that could be utilized for reporting information that is
`being displayed by the serving utility's power meter (as do
`many other prior applications in the field of tele-metering).
`An additional exemplary tele-metering system is disclosed
`in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0240315A1.
`The primary purpose of this published application is not to
`control utility loads, but rather “to provide an improved inter
`active system for remotely monitoring and establishing the
`status of a customer utility load.” A stated goal of this publi
`cation is to reduce the amount of time utility field personnel
`have to spend in the field servicing meters by utilizing wire
`less technology.
`Another prior art system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
`6,633,823 B2, which describes, in detail, the use of propri
`etary hardware to remotely turn offorturn on devices within
`a building or residence. While initially this prior art generally
`describes a system that would assist utilities in managing
`power load control, the prior art does not contain the unique
`attributes necessary to construct or implement a complete
`system. In particular, this patent is deficient in the areas of
`security, load accuracy of a controlled device, and methods
`disclosing how a customer utilizing applicable hardware
`might set parameters, such as temperature set points, cus
`tomer preference information, and customer overrides,
`within an intelligent algorithm that reduces the probability of
`customer dissatisfaction and service cancellation or churn.
`Attempts have been made to bridge the gap between one
`way, un-verified power load control management systems
`and positive control verified power load control management
`systems. However, until recently, technologies such as Smart
`breakers and command relay devices were not considered for
`use in residential and commercial environments primarily
`due to high cost entry points, lack of customer demand, and
`the cost of power generation relative to the cost of implement
`ing load control.
`One such gap-bridging attempt is described in U.S. Patent
`Application Publication No. US 2005/0065742A1. This pub
`lication discloses a system and method for remote power
`management using IEEE 802 based wireless communication
`links. The system disclosed in this publication includes an
`on-premise processor (OPP), a host processor, and an end
`device. The host processor issues power management com
`mands to the OPP, which in turn relays the