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Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 1 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 1 of 43
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`EXHIBIT 26
`EXHIBIT 26
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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`GOOGLELLC,
`Petitioner,
`
`V.
`
`TOUCHSTREAM TECHNOLOGIES,INC.,
`Patent Owner.
`
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
`
`ÿ
`ÿ
`ÿ
`ÿ
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 2 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 2 of 43
`Trials@uspto.gov
`Paper 10
`571-272-7822
`Date: October 7, 2022
`
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`Before DEBRA K. STEPHENS, DANIEL J. GALLIGAN,and
`AMBERL. HAGY,Administrative Patent Judges.
`
`STEPHENS, Administrative Patent Judge.
`
`DECISION
`Granting Institution of Inter Partes Review
`35 U.S.C. § 314
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 3 of 43
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`authorize the review to proceed onall of the challenged claims andonall
`
`groundsof unpatentability asserted for each claim” ). Accordingly, we
`
`institute inter partes review onall of the challenged claims based onall of
`
`the groundsidentified in the Petition.
`
`Our preliminary findings of fact and conclusions discussed below are
`
`based on the evidentiary record developed thus far. This Decision to
`
`institute trial is not a final decision as to the patentability of any challenged
`
`claim. Any final decision will be based on the full record developed during
`
`trial.
`
`B. Real Parties in Interest
`
`Patent Ownerstates that Touchstream Technologies,Inc., is the real-
`
`party-in-interest (Paper 5, 1).
`
`Petitioner states that Google LLCis the real-party-in-interest
`
`(Pet. 78).!
`
`C. Related Matters
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 4 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 4 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
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`Petitioner and Patent Ownerindicate the 528 Patent was asserted in
`
`the following district court proceeding: Touchstream Techs., Inc. v. Google,
`
`LLC, No. 6-21-cv-00569 (W.D. Tex.) (Pet. 78; Paper 5, 1). Petitioner
`
`further indicates that the ’528 Patent was asserted in the followingdistrict
`
`court proceeding: Touchstream Techs., Inc. v. Vizbee, Inc., No, 1-17-cv-
`
`06247 (S.D.N.Y.) (Pet. 78).
`
`' Google LLCis a subsidiary of XXVI Holdings Inc., which is a subsidiary
`of Alphabet Inc (Pet. 78, n.4). Petitioner states that XXVI Holdings Inc. and
`AlphabetInc. are not real parties-in-interest to this proceeding (id.).
`
`3
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 5 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 5 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
`D. The ’528 Patent (Ex. 1001)
`
`The *528 Patent, titled “Play Control of Content on a Display
`
`Device,” issued July 15, 2014 (Ex. 1001, codes (45), (54)). The ’528 Patent
`
`describes a system that “allow[s] a personal computing device,”e.g., a
`
`mobile phone,“to be used to select different content to be played on a
`
`remote display,” e.g., a television set, and “allow[s] the user to control how
`
`the content is displayed on the display device using the personal computing
`
`device”(id. at 2:11—15, 2:20-2:26). Figure 1, reproduced below,is a block
`
`diagram illustrating an exemplary system (id. at 2:35—36).
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`FIG. 1
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`As shown in the block diagram of Figure 1, “first device (e.g., a personal
`
`computing device) 20” connects to and “acts as a controller” for “second
`
`device(e.g., a television set 22 with a display 23) that acts as a receiver to
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 6 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 6 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
`play content selected by a userofthe first device and .
`
`.
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`. respond[s] to
`
`commandsthatoriginate at the personal computing device”(id. at 2:64—3:2).
`
`For example, television set 22 can be commanded“to access a content
`
`provider 30 through the Internet 21, load a specific media player, load the
`
`media player-specific content (e.g., a video) and play the content on the
`
`The message from the mobile phone 20 contains a transmission
`code that includes data regarding ... the secondary display it
`wants to connectto (e.g., television set 22 with display 23), the
`location and nameof the media player for the selected video the
`command (e.g., play, pause, rewind, etc.), and the video file to
`be acted upon
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`television display 23”(id. at 3:13-18).
`
`Furthermore, personal computing device 20 controls the selection of
`
`and playback of content on television set 22 through server system 24, rather
`
`than through directly controlling television set 22 (id. at 3:2—10).
`
`The mobile phone 20 then formats and transmits a messageto the
`
`server system server system 24 (block 112) (id. at 4:22—23).
`
`(id. at 4:27-30, Fig. 3). That message “is transmitted over the Internet 21
`
`and is received by the server system 24”(id. at 4:35—37). Server system 24
`
`then “converts the incoming commandsfrom the mobile device 20 into the
`
`correct JavaScript (or other programming) code used bythe[television set]
`
`22 to control the specific player (block 120)”(id. at 5:64-67). Thatis, the
`
`server “interpret[s] and convert[s] a standard or universal command(e.g.,
`
`play, pause, etc.) into the specific command recognized by the media player”
`
`playing contenton the television set 22 (id. at 5:57-59). Then, server
`
`system 24 “copies the converted version of the message to the database 34
`
`associated with the [television set] 22” (id. at 5:67-6:2). The “display
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 7 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 7 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
`device 22 receives a message from the server system 24 (block 126) [and]
`
`executes the message (block 128)”(id. at 6:26—28).
`
`I.
`
`Illustrative Claim
`
`Challenged claim 1, one of three challenged independentclaims,is
`
`reproducedbelow.
`
`1. A method of controlling presentation of content on a content
`presentation device that loads anyone ofa plurality of different media
`players, the method comprising:
`
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`receiving, in a server system, one or more messages from
`a personal computing device that is separate from the
`server system and separate from the content presentation
`device, wherein the one or more messages,taken together,
`include information associated with a synchronization
`code assigned to the content presentation device, specify a
`file to be acted upon,identify a particular media player for
`playing content from the file, identify a location of the
`particular media player, and include an action control
`command for presentation of the content on the content
`presentation device by the particular media player, the
`action control command being independent of the
`particular media player;
`
`using the information associated with the synchronization
`code to store a record establishing an association between
`the personal
`computing
`device
`and the
`content
`presentation device;
`
`identifying, by the server system, programming code
`corresponding to the action control command, wherein the
`programming codeis for controlling presentation of the
`content by the content presentation device using the
`particular media player;
`
`the
`obtaining, by the content presentation device,
`particular media player, wherein the particular media
`
`6
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 8 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 8 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
`player is obtained over a network from a content provider;
`
`loading the particular media player
`presentation device; and
`
`in the content
`
`to execute
`using the particular media player
`programming code with respect to the file.
`
`the
`
`(Ex. 1001, 11:17—-48).
`
`E. References Relied Upon
`
`Petitioner relies upon the followingpriorart references:
`
`Reference
`
`Exhibit No.
`
`Sept. 23, 2010 (“Muthukumarasamy’’) Hayward, US 8,918,812 B2, issued Dec. 23, 2014
`
`Muthukumarasamyet al., US 2010/0241699 A1, published
`
`”
`oe
`(“Hayward’’)
`
`1008
`
`1 009
`
`(Pet.vii).
`
`Petitioner also relies on the Declaration of Benjamin B. Bederson,
`
`Ph.D., for support of its contentions in the Petition (Ex. 1005).
`
`F. Asserted Grounds
`
`Petitioner asserts that claims 1—5, 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, 27, and 28 are
`
`unpatentable on the following grounds:
`
`Claim(s) Challenged|_35 U.S.C.§
`
`1—5, 8, 11, 12, 14, 15,
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 9 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 9 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
`Il. ANALYSIS
`
`A. Discretion Under 35 U.S.C. § 314(a)
`
`Patent Owner argues that we should exercise discretion to deny
`
`institution under 35 U.S.C. § 314(a) because the factors identified in Apple
`
`Inc. v. Fintiv, Inc., IPR2020-00019, Paper 11 (PTAB Mar. 20, 2020)
`
`(precedential) (“Fintiv Order”), weigh in favor of denying institution
`
`(Prelim. Resp. 43-56). Petitioner argues we should not discretionarily deny
`
`institution (Pet. 75—78; Pet. Reply to POPR 4). For the reasons discussed,
`
`we do not exercise discretion to denyinstitution.
`
`Under§ 314(a), the Director has discretion to deny institution of an
`
`inter partes review (see 37 C.F.R. § 42.4(a) (“The Boardinstitutes the trial
`
`on behalf of the Director.”); Harmonic Inc. v. Avid Tech., Inc., 815 F.3d
`
`1356, 1367 (Fed. Cir. 2016) (“[T]he PTO is permitted, but never compelled,
`
`to institute an IPR proceeding.”)). In determining whetherto exercise
`
`discretion to deny institution under 35 U.S.C. § 314(a), the Board considers
`
`whether the circumstances ofa parallel district court proceeding are a basis
`
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`2 Available at
`https://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/documents/interim_proc_discretion
`arydenialsaiaparalleldistrictcourtlitigationmemo20220621_.pdf.
`
`for exercising such discretion (Fintiv Order 5-6).
`
`In a Memorandum from Director Vidal, Interim Procedurefor
`
`Discretionary Denials in AIA Post-Grant Proceedings with Parallel District
`
`Court Litigation (USPTO June 21, 2022) (“Interim Procedure”)’, the
`
`Director sets forth
`
`the PTAB will not deny institution of an IPR or PGR under Fintiv
`(i) when
`a petition presents
`compelling
`evidence of
`unpatentability; (ii) when a request for denial under Fintiv is
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 10 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 10 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
`(Interim Procedure 3, 9).
`
`Here, Petitioner has filed a stipulation:
`
`Petitioner has stipulated that if the Board institutes IPR on this
`Petition, it will not pursue in the related district court proceeding
`“any ground that [Petitioner] raised or reasonably could have
`raised” during this proceeding.
`
`(Pet. Reply to POPR 4 (citing Interim Procedure 3; Sotera Wireless, Inc. v.
`
`Masimo Corp., IPR2020-01019, Paper 12 at 18-19 (PTAB Dec.1, 2020);
`
`35 U.S.C. § 315(d); Ex. 1017) (alteration in original)).
`
`Thus,in light of Petitioner’s stipulation, we do not exercise discretion
`
`to deny institution under 35 U.S.C. § 314(a).
`
`based on a parallel ITC proceeding; or (111) where a petitioner
`stipulates not to pursue in a parallel district court proceeding the
`same groundsas in the petition or any grounds that could have
`reasonably beenraisedin the petition.
`
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`B. Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art
`
`Thelevel of skill in the art is a factual determination that provides a
`
`primary guarantee of objectivity in an obviousnessanalysis (Al-Site Corp.v.
`
`VSI Int’l Inc., 174 F.3d 1308, 1324 (Fed. Cir. 1999) (citing Graham v. John
`
`Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17-18 (1966); Ryko Mfg. Co. v. Nu-Star, Inc., 950
`
`F.2d 714, 718 (Fed. Cir. 1991))).
`
`Petitioner asserts a “person of skill in the art (POSA’) would have
`
`had at least a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering or computer science
`
`(or equivalent experience) and two years of experience designing or
`
`implementing interactive systems with networked media or media playback
`
`systems”(Pet. 12 (citing Ex. 1005 4] 45—49)). Petitioner further asserts
`
`“Tw]ith more education, for example, postgraduate degrees and/or study, less
`
`

`

`experience is neededto attain an ordinary level of skill in the art. Similarly,
`
`more experience can substitute for formal education”(id.).
`
`Patent Owner doesnot dispute Petitioner’s assertion (see Prelim.
`
`Resp. 24).
`
`Based on the present record including the disclosure in the *528
`
`Patent, we apply Petitioner’s definition of the level of ordinary skill in the
`
`art (see Pet. 12) with the exception of the open-ended phrase “at least,”
`
`which expandsthe range of educational experience indefinitely without an
`
`upper bound,i.e. “a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering or computer
`
`science (or equivalent experience) and two years of experience designing or
`
`implementing interactive systems with networked media or media playback
`
`systems.” We determinethis level of skill comports with the qualifications a
`
`person would have needed to understand and implement the teachings of the
`
`528 Patent and the prior art of record (cf: Okajima, 261 F.3d at 1355 (the
`
`priorart itself may reflect an appropriate level of skill in theart)).
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 11 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 11 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
`   ÿ
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`C. Claim Construction
`
`Weconstrue claim terms according to the standard set forth in Phillips
`
`v. AWH Corp., 415 F.3d 1303, 1312-17 (Fed. Cir. 2005) (en banc)
`
`(37 C.F.R. § 42.100(b) (2021)). Under Phillips, claim terms are afforded
`
`“their ordinary and customary meaning”(Phillips, 415 F.3d at 1312).
`
`“T]he ordinary and customary meaning ofa claim term is the meaning that
`
`the term would haveto a person of ordinary skill in the art in question at the
`
`time of the invention”(id. at 1313). “Importantly, the person of ordinary
`
`skill in the art is deemed to read the claim term not only in the context of the
`
`particular claim in which the disputed term appears, but in the context of the
`
`entire patent, including the specification” (id.). An inventor may rebutthat
`
`10
`
`

`

`presumption by providing a definition of the term in the specification “with
`
`reasonableclarity, deliberateness, and precision” Un re Paulsen, 30 F.3d
`
`1475, 1480 (Fed. Cir. 1994)). In the absence of such a definition, limitations
`
`are not to be read from the specification into the claims Un re Van Geuns,
`
`988 F.2d 1181, 1184 (Fed. Cir. 1993)).
`
`Petitioner asserts that we “need not construe any claims”to resolve
`
`this controversy andthatit “adopts” Patent Owner’s “proposed plain and
`
`ordinary meaningforall terms [from] the parallel district court action”
`
`(Pet. 12-13 (citing Ex. 1005 ¢ 50; Ex. 1014)).
`
`Patent Owner doesnotassert any particular claim construction at this
`
`stage in the proceeding (Prelim. Resp. 24).
`
`On this record, we determine that no termsor phrases in the claims
`
`require express construction (see Realtime Data, LLC v. Iancu, 912 F.3d
`
`1368, 1375 (Fed. Cir. 2019) (“The Board is required to construe ‘only those
`
`terms ... that are in controversy, and only to the extent necessary to resolve
`
`the controversy.’” (quoting Vivid Techs., Inc. v. Am. Sci. & Eng’g, Inc., 200
`
`F.3d 795, 803 (Fed. Cir. 1999)))).
`
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 12 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 12 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
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`D. Asserted Obviousness over Muthukumarasamy
`
`Petitioner contends Muthukumarasamyrenders claims 1-5, 8, 11, 12,
`
`14, 15, 27, and 28 obvious(Pet. 13-14, 18—22, 25-36, 40-44, 47-51, 53-58,
`
`60-69, 71-74).
`
`I. Muthukumarasamy (Ex. 1008)
`
`Muthukumarasamyis a US patent application publication titled
`
`“Device-Based Control System,” and published September 23, 2010
`
`(Ex. 1008, codes (43), (54)). Muthukumarasamy describes a “Device-Based
`
`Control System (DBCS) .
`
`.
`
`. that enables consumers, through the use of an
`
`11
`
`

`

`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 13 of 43
`Case 6:21-cv-00569-ADA Document 131-5 Filed 12/29/22 Page 13 of 43
`IPR2022-00793
`Patent 8,782,528 B2
`
`internet-enabled device (IED),” e.g., a smartphone,“to navigate through
`
`media or entertainment content, control media components or equipmentto
`
`watch and/orlisten to media content” (id. J 26). Figure 1, reproduced
`
`below,is “a block diagram of the Device-Based Control System (DBCS)”
`
`(id. J 44).
`
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