Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 1 of 53
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` Exhibit 1
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 2 of 53
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`UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS
`AUSTIN DIVISION
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`NEODRON LTD.,
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`DELL TECHNOLOGIES INC.,
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`Plaintiff,
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`v.
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`Defendant.
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`NEODRON LTD.,
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`Plaintiff,
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`v.
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`HP, INC.,
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`Defendant.
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`NEODRON LTD.,
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`v.
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`Plaintiff,
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`MICROSOFT CORPORATION,
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`Defendant.
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`Case No. 1:19-cv-00819-ADA
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`Case No. 1:19-cv-00873-ADA
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`Case No. 1:19-cv-00874-ADA
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`1
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 3 of 53
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`NEODRON LTD.,
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`v.
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`Plaintiff,
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`AMAZON.COM, INC.,
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`Defendant.
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`NEODRON LTD.,
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`v.
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`Plaintiff,
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`SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. and
`SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS AMERICA, INC.,
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`Defendant.
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`Case No. 1:19-cv-00898-ADA
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`Case No. 1:19-cv-00903-ADA
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`DECLARATION OF RICHARD A. FLASCK IN SUPPORT OF
`PLAINTIFF NEODRON LTD.’S OPENING CLAIM CONSTRUCTION BRIEFS
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`2
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 4 of 53
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`I.
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`1.
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`INTRODUCTION
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`I have been retained as an expert in this case by Neodron Ltd. (“Neodron”). I have been
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`asked to consider and opine on claim constructions for a number of disputed claims terms
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`in several of the patents-in-suit, which include U.S. Patent Nos. 9,086,770 (“’770 Patent”),
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`9,823,784 (“’784 Patent”), 8,946,574 (“’574 Patent”), 10,088,960 (“’960 Patent”), and
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`7,821,502 (“’502 Patent”). I address these claim terms in separate sections below for each
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`term.
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`2.
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`In forming my opinions, I have reviewed, considered, and had access to the patent
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`specifications and claims, their prosecution histories, the parties’ proposed claim
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`constructions, and the extrinsic evidence cited by the parties in connection with those
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`proposed constructions. I have also relied on my professional and academic experience in
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`the fields of thin film devices, flat panel displays, active matrix, LED, OLED, touchscreens,
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`and touch panels. I reserve the right to consider additional materials as I become aware of
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`II.
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`3.
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`them and to revise my opinions accordingly.
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`QUALIFICATIONS
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`My qualifications for forming the opinions set forth in this Declaration are summarized
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`here and explained in more detail in my curriculum vitae, which is attached as Exhibit 2.
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`4.
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`I received a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from the University of Michigan, Ann
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`Arbor, in 1970. I thereafter received a Master of Science degree in Physics from Oakland
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`University in Rochester, Michigan, in 1976. I am the founder and CEO of RAF Electronics
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`Corp., where I developed and patented Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS) microdisplay
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`projection technology using active matrix transistor arrays as well as developed proprietary
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`LED-based Solid State Lighting (SSL) products.
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`3
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 5 of 53
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`5.
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`After receiving my bachelor’s degree, I was employed as a scientist and a manager by
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`Energy Conversion Devices, Inc., from 1970 through 1982. My work at Energy Conversion
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`Devices concerned
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`the development of electroluminescent displays,
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`thin film
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`photovoltaics, ablative imaging films, non-volatile memory, multi-chip modules, and
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`superconducting materials. After leaving Energy Conversion Devices, I founded and
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`served as CEO of Alphasil, Inc., where I developed amorphous silicon thin film transistor
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`(TFT) active matrix liquid crystal displays (AMLCDs). My work at Alphasil included thin
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`film transistor array substrate process and circuit design, data driver and gate driver design,
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`scalers, video circuits, gamma correction circuits, backlighting, and inverter design. At
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`Alphasil I also designed and incorporated touch panel screens into active matrix display
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`devices. The touch panel technologies included surface acoustic wave and capacitive
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`sensing. I worked at Alphasil from 1982 through 1989.
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`6.
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`After leaving Alphasil, I founded RAF Electronics Corp., described above. I have served
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`as CEO of RAF Electronics since that time. At RAF I developed HDTV projection
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`technology including transistor array substrates for LCOS devices and the associated
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`optical systems. My activities at RAF have included developments in lighting systems
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`using both traditional LED and OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) technologies. In
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`2016 I was granted US Patent 9,328,898 which includes OLED and LED technology and
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`lighting systems. In 2019 RAF received a CalSEED grant from the California Energy
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`Commission to develop ultra-efficient lighting products and explore establishing a Central
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`Valley manufacturing facility.
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`7.
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`In 1997, I took the position of President and COO at Alien Technology Corporation, where
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`I was responsible for completing a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 6 of 53
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`contract, and for implementing MEM fluidic self-assembly (FSA) technology. I left that
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`position in 1999.
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`8.
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`In 2002, I co-founded and served as COO of Diablo Optics, Inc., where I developed,
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`produced, and commercialized key optical components for HDTV projectors, such as
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`polarization optics, condenser lenses, projection lenses, and ultra-high performance optical
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`interference filters using thin film stacks in conjunction with LED and thin film transistor
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`arrays and devices. I left Diablo in 2007.
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`9.
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`I am listed as an inventor on twenty-six patents issued in the United States and foreign
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`countries, including one United States design patent. My inventions concern technologies
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`including LED devices, semiconductor materials, glass materials, non-volatile memory
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`cells, thin film transistors, flat panel backplanes and displays, and wafer based active
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`matrices, and various transistor array substrates.
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`10.
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`I have authored or co-authored twenty-five articles or conference presentations, including
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`numerous papers and presentations concerning lighting and display technologies. My
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`curriculum vitae (Exhibit A) lists these articles, conference presentations, and patents.
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`11.
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`I am also a member of several professional organizations, including the OSA, SPIE, AES,
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`SID, and the IEEE.
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`12.
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`In summary, I have almost 50 years of experience in the field of high tech product
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`development including flat panel displays, transistor array substrates, touchscreens and
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`touch panels, and OLED and LED devices.
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`13.
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`In the past twelve years, I have served as an expert witness for patent infringement litigation
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`(or arbitrations) or PTAB proceedings in the following cases:
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 7 of 53
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`Nichia Corporation v. Seoul Semiconductor, 3:06-cv-0162 (NDCA), on behalf of
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`Seoul Semiconductor Company, Inc.
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`Hewlett Packard v. Acer Incorporated et al., U.S. ITC Investigation No. 337-TA-
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`606, on behalf of Acer Incorporated et al.
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`Samsung v. Sharp, U.S. ITC Investigation No. 337-TA-631, on behalf of Samsung.
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`Sharp v. Samsung, U.S. ITC Investigation No. 337-TA-634, on behalf of Samsung.
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`O2Micro v. Monolithic Power Systems et al., U. S. ITC Investigation No. 337-TA-
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`666, on behalf of O2Micro.
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`IPR No. IPR2014-0168 of U.S. 7,612,843, on behalf of Petitioner Sony, Corp.
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`Ushijima v. Samsung, 1:12-cv-00318-LY (WDTX), on behalf of Ushijima.
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`Delaware Display Group LLC and Innovative Display Technologies LLC v. Sony
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`Corp. et al., Case No. 1:13-cv-02111-UNA DDEL, on behalf of Sony Corp.
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`Funai v. Gold Charm Limited, Case No. IPR2015-01468, on behalf of Petitioner
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`Funai.
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`Phoenix, LLC v. Exar et al., Case No. 6:15-CV-00436-JRG-KNM., on behalf of
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`Exar et al.
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`MiiC v. Funai, Case No. 14-804-RGA, on behalf of Funai.
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`Delaware Display Group LLC v. Vizio, Case No. 13-cv-02112-RGA, on behalf of
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`Vizio.
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`ARRIS v. Sony, U.S. ITC Investigation No. 337-TA-1060, on behalf of Sony.
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`BlueHouse Global, LTD. v. Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co. LTD., IPRs on
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`behalf of BlueHouse Global, LTD.
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`6
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 8 of 53
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`Phoenix, LLC v. Wistron Corp., Case No. 2:17-cv-00711-RWS, on behalf of
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`Wistron Corp.
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`Ultravision v. Absen et al., ITC Investigation No. 337-TA-1114, on behalf of Absen
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`et al.
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`Viavi Solutions Inc. v. Materion Corp., PGR2019-00017, on behalf of Viavi
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`Solutions, Inc.
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`NEC v. Ultravision, IPR2019-01123 and IPR2019-01117, on behalf of NEC.
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`Solas OLED Ltd. v. Samsung Display Co., Ltd., et al., Case No. 2:19-cv-00152-
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`JRG, on behalf of Solas.
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`Solas OLED Ltd. v. LG Display Co., Ltd., et al., Case No. 6:19-cv-00236-ADA, on
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`behalf of Solas.
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`III. TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND
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`14.
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`The asserted patents generally relate to devices containing a touch-sensitive display (which
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`may be referred to as a “touchscreen”) that allows a user to interact with an electronic
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`device with a finger or stylus. This display may include a touch sensor overlaid on or
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`incorporated into a display screen. ’784 Patent at 1:50-60. A touch sensor is used to
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`determine the “location touch as a set of x and y coordinates.” Id. at 1:44-46.
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`15.
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`A capacitive touch system can be designed to detect and report a two-dimensional
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`coordinate (e.g., x, y position) identifying the location of the user’s finger or stylus. When
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`a finger touches a capacitive touch sensor, it interacts with electrical fields projected from
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`the sensor. In particular, the finger creates a capacitive coupling between the user’s body
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`and the portion of the sensor near the touch. This effect is commonly referred to as a change
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`in capacitance within the touchscreen at the location of the touch. A touch controller,
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`7
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 9 of 53
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 11 of 53
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`19.
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`In order to form the X-Y array of electrodes typically used for mutual capacitive sensing,
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`in which one set of electrodes runs vertically and another runs horizontally, some provision
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`must be made to prevent the two sets of electrodes from making direct electrical contact
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`with each other. One way to accomplish that is by putting the vertical electrodes and
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`horizontal electrodes on separate layers, one above the other.
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`IV. BACKGROUND OF THE PATENTS
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`A. U.S. Patent No. 8,946,574 (the “’574 Patent”)
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`20.
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`The ’574 patent generally relates to touch sensors. The title of the ’574 patent is: “Two
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`Layer Sensor Stack.” The three named inventors were concerned with improving display
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`quality in conjunction with designing the necessary touch-sensor that goes with the display,
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`for an overall improved human-machine interaction, from the touch of a finger to the
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`visibility of the human eye.
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`21.
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`To achieve this, the inventors determined that a phenomenon called the moiré effect may
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`arise from interactions between the repeat length or cell size of an electrode pattern and a
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`cell size of a display visible through the touch position sensing panel. Moiré effects may
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`produce a repeated pattern across the touch position sensing panel. Such repetitive
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`interference patterns are perceived by the human eye. ’574 Patent at 10:58-11:3.
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`22.
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`Recognizing this problem, the inventors also sought a solution, as they explained that as
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`the deviation from regularity of a pattern of electrodes increases, the scattering of light
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`increases. And by using an alternative to the widely used Indium Titanium Oxide electrode
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`designs, namely, “mesh” electrodes, the inventors allowed “any display below the touch
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`position-sensing panel [] to be visible with little perceptible darkening or other loss of
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`display quality.” ’574 Patent at 4:16-19.
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`10
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 12 of 53
`Case 1:19—cv-00819—ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 12 of 53
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`In another example, in Figure 13, the inventors taught that the electrode pattern 50 may be
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 13 of 53
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`FIG. 13
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`54
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`52c
`
`52f
`
`
`
`25.
`
`To make this work with even more benefits, and little to any drawbacks, the inventors
`
`taught features of an exemplary touchscreen in a mutual capacitance configuration whereby
`
`“a portion of the second cover sheet is positioned between the second surface of the
`
`substrate and the display” as shown below.
`
`FIG. 1
`
`[Sc) drive or sense
`electrodes
`
`3a
`
`3b
`
`
`
`[8.c] first surface
`of the substrate
`
`7 [8.d) second surface
`of the substrate
`
`
`
`[8.d) Display
`
`\ 2
`
`12
`
`

`

`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 14 of 53
`
`26.
`
`The independent claims, such as claim 8 below, recite features of these novel and advanced
`
`structures, including their advantageous requirements of using metal mesh and a second,
`
`intelligently-placed cover sheet in the design.
`
`
`8. a first cover sheet;
`
` a
`
` first optically clear adhesive layer (OCA) between the first cover
`sheet and a substrate;
`
`the substrate, with drive or sense electrodes of a touch sensor disposed
`on a first surface and a second surface of the substrate, the first surface
`being opposite the second surface, the drive or sense electrodes being
`made of a conductive mesh conductive material comprising metal;
`
`
` a
`
` display separated from the second surface of the substrate by a
`second OCA and a second cover sheet such that at least a portion of the
`second cover sheet is positioned between the second surface of the
`substrate and the display; and
`
`one or more computer-readable non-transitory storage media
`embodying logic that is configured when executed to control the touch
`sensor.
`
`
`
`
`B. U.S. Patent No. 9,086,770 (the “’770 Patent”)
`
`27.
`
`The ’770 Patent, titled “Touch Sensor with High-Density Macro-Feature Design,” was
`
`issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office on July 21, 2015. The ’770 patent
`
`teaches a novel design in touch sensor electrodes that, for example, improves the
`
`functionality of
`
`the
`
`touch sensor and reduces manufacturing costs
`
`in certain
`
`embodiments. ’770 Patent at 13:27-48. In an exemplary touch sensor, there are electrodes
`
`running in one direction, which may be called sense electrodes or a plurality of first
`
`electrodes (purple), and electrodes running in another direction, which may be called drive
`
`electrodes or a plurality of second electrodes (yellow). Id. at 1:65-2:2; 6:35-38, Figure 2.
`
`The electrodes may be comprised of a copper conductive mesh. Id. at 6:67-7:3, 7:4-6. Gaps
`
`
`
`13
`
`

`

`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 15 of 53
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 16 of 53
`
`104b
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`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 17 of 53
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`

`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 18 of 53
`
`more of the sense channels indicates that the finger or stylus was in proximity to those
`
`electrodes.
`
`
`
`r11 8
`
`1os.1,
`
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`(Prior Art)
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`
`The prior art had other designs, with other shortcomings. For example, Figure 22 (below)
`
`“illustrates a pattern of electrodes comprising longitudinal (bar) drive electrodes 152. The
`
`drive electrodes 152 are coupled via drive channels 158 and 160 to a controller (not shown
`
`in the figure). Each drive channel supplies drive signals to the group of four drive electrodes
`
`152. The drive electrodes 152 are each connected to one another by a chain or row of
`
`resistors 170 having the same value:
`
`17
`
`
`31.
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 19 of 53
`
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`

`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 20 of 53
`Case 1:19—cv-00819—ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 20 of 53
`
`1L.1"3/;X.--Q"N9;9WM-9".";@N990?-/V9";1NX@1XN9*")L9"/0:9P90:901"@-./W;"<2"1L9"[>ZA"P.1901"
`that visually resemble a screen-like structure. The independent claims of the ’960 patent
`
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`recite mesh electrode segments, and Figure 17 (below)
`illustrates an exemplary
`
`9WM<:/W901"<2"1L9W="
`embodiment of them:
`
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`
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`Figure 17 also illustrates a first mesh segment that forms a perimeter that defines a shape
`
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`of one of the drive electrodes and a second mesh segment that spans across the perimeter
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`
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`35.
`
`"
`
`

`

`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 21 of 53
`
`36.
`
`Claim 1 of the patent recites an exemplary independent claimed invention:
`
`1. An apparatus comprising:
`
` first substrate with sense electrodes of a touch sensor disposed on it;
`
` a
`
` a
`
` second substrate with drive electrodes of the touch sensor disposed on it, one or
`more of the following being true:
`
`the sense electrodes of the first substrate are made of a first conductive mesh of
`conductive material such that the sense electrodes comprise the first conductive
`mesh, wherein the first conductive mesh comprises a plurality of interconnecting
`mesh segments occupying at least a portion of an area of the sense electrodes, each
`of the mesh segments of the first conductive mesh comprising a line of conductive
`material; and
`
`the drive electrodes of the second substrate are made of a second conductive mesh
`of conductive material such that the drive electrodes comprise the second
`conductive mesh, wherein:
`the second conductive mesh comprises a plurality of interconnecting mesh
`segments occupying at least a portion of an area of the drive electrodes,
`each of the mesh segments of the second conductive mesh comprises a line of
`conductive material,
`a first mesh segment of the interconnecting mesh segments forms a perimeter that
`defines a shape of one of the sense electrodes, and
`a second mesh segment of the interconnecting mesh segments spans across the
`perimeter of the first mesh segment; and
`
`an insulating layer between the sense electrodes of the first substrate and the drive
`electrodes of the second substrate.
`
`
`
`E. U.S. Patent No. 7,821,502 (the “’502 Patent”)
`
`37.
`
`The ’502 Patent, titled “Two-dimensional Position Sensor,” was issued by the United
`
`States Patent and Trademark Office on October 26, 2010. Atmel Corporation, the original
`
`assignee of the ’502 Patent, was a pioneer in the development of practical and high-
`
`performing touch sensor devices. The ’502 Patent teaches innovative designs for positional
`
`capacitive touch sensors that provide accurate touch response while minimizing the number
`
`of sensing channels by employing a trace layout that includes wrap-around connection
`
`outside the sensing area. See ’502 Patent at 1:27-2:61; 3:10-47.
`
`
`
`20
`
`

`

`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 22 of 53
`
`38.
`
`For example, in one embodiment of the ’502 Patent, a position sensor comprises a substrate
`
`with an arrangement of electrodes mounted on a surface, where the electrodes define an
`
`array of sensing cells arranged in columns and rows to for a capacitive sensing area, where
`
`the sensing cells each include a column sensing electrode and a row sensing electrode,
`
`where the column sensing electrodes of the same column are electrically coupled together
`
`and the row sensing electrodes of the same row are electrically coupled together.
`
`39.
`
`For example, Fig. 3 of the ’502 Patent shows an embodiment that has row wrap-around
`
`connections (e.g., element 38), which lie “outside of the sensing area…to ensure the
`
`respective row sensing electrodes of the other rows are connected together.” ’502 Patent at
`
`6:53-7:10 (“The connection 38 runs around the outside of the sensing area to connect the
`
`electrode 34 providing the row sensing electrodes in columns x1 and x2 of row y2 with the
`
`electrode 36 providing the row sensing electrodes in columns x3 and x4 of row y2. Thus,
`
`all row sensing electrodes in this row are electrically connected together. Similar wrap-
`
`around connections outside of the sensing area are made to ensure the respective row
`
`sensing electrodes of the other rows are connected together.”).
`
`
`
`21
`
`

`

`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 23 of 53
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`

`

`Case 1:19-cv-00819-ADA Document 64-1 Filed 04/17/20 Page 24 of 53
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`41.
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`I further note that I am at least a POSITA and that for 50 years I have worked with
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`colleagues who are POSITAs. Thus, I am well qualified to give technical opinions from
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`the perspective of a POSITA.
`
`VI. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES
`
`42.
`
`I understand that a claim construction inquiry begins and ends in all cases with the actual
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`words of the claim. Thus, quite apart from the written description and the prosecution
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`history, the claims themselves provide substantial guidance as to the meaning of particular
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`terms. I further understand that to begin with, the context in which a term is used in the
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`asserted claim can be highly instructive. The patent specification can also shed light on the
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`meaning of claim terms.
`
`43.
`
`I understand that when conducting a claim construction inquiry, district courts are not (and
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`should not be) required to construe every limitation present in