Case 2:23-cv-00083-RWS-RSP Document 76-5 Filed 07/12/24 Page 1 of 4 PageID #: 860
`Case 2:23-cv-00083-RWS-RSP Document 76-5 Filed 07/12/24 Page 1 of 4 PagelD #: 860
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`EXHIBIT 4
`EXHIBIT 4
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`Case 2:23-cv-00083-RWS-RSP Document 76-5 Filed 07/12/24 Page 2 of 4 PageID #: 861
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`175 YEARS OF DICTIONARY PUBLISHING
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`Case 2:23-cv-00083-RWS-RSP Document 76-5 Filed 07/12/24 Page 3 of 4 PageID #: 862
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`HarperCollins Publishers
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`Tenth edition 2009
`REISSUED WITH REVISED SUPPLEMENT 2010
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`Reprint 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 o
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`C> William Collins Sons &.Co. Ltd 1979, 1986
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`Acknowledgements
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`Case 2:23-cv-00083-RWS-RSP Document 76-5 Filed 07/12/24 Page 4 of 4 PageID #: 863
`
`gear knob - gem ( 682
`
`providing gears to transmit motion 3 Also called:
`capital gearing accounting, Brit the ratio of a
`company's debt capital to !ts equity capital.
`US word: leverage
`gear knob n Brit agearlever
`gear lever or us and Canadian gearshift ('g1aJ1ft) n
`a lever used to move gearwheels relative to each
`other, esp in a motor vehicle
`gear train n engineering a system of gears that
`transmits power from one shaft to another
`gear up vb (adverb) 1 (Ir) to equip with gears 2 to
`prepare, esp for greater efficiency: is our industry geared
`up (or these new challenges?
`gearwheel ('g1a,wi:I) n an other name for gear
`(sense1)
`gecko ('gtkau) n, pl -os or -oes any small
`insectivorous terrestrial lizard of the family
`Cekkonidae, of warm regions. The digits have
`adhesive pads, which enable these animals to climb
`on smooth surfaces
`
`gefilte fish or gefiillte fish (ga'fllta) n Jewish cookery
`a dish consisting of fish and matzo meal rolled Into
`balls and poached, formerly served stuffed Into the
`skin of a fish
`• ETYMOLOGY Yiddish, literally: filled fish
`gegenschein ('ge1ganJam) n a faint glow in the
`sky, just visible at a position opposite to that of the
`sun and having a similar origin to zodiacal light.
`Also called: counterglow
`•ETYMOLOGY Cerman, fromgegen against, opposite+
`Schein light; see SHINE
`geggle ('gtg1) n a Scottish, esp Glaswegian, slang
`word for the mouth
`Gehenna (g1'hrna) n 1 Old Testament the valley
`below Jerusalem, where children were sacrificed
`and where idolatry was practised (II Kings 23:10;
`Jeremiah 19:6) and where later offal and refuse were
`slowly burned 2 New Testament.Judaism a place where
`the wicked are punished after death 3 a place or
`state of pain and torment
`• ETYMOLOGY c16: from Late Latin, from Greek Geena,
`from Hebrew Ge' Hinniim, literally: valley ofHinnom,
`symbolic of hell
`gehlenite ('ge1la,na1t) n a green mineral consisting
`of calcium aluminium silicate in tetragonal
`crystalline form. Formula: Ca,Al,Si07
`• ETYMOLOGY named after A. F. Cehlen (1775-1815),
`German chemist; see -1n•
`Gehry ('gem ) n Frank O(wen). born 1929, US
`architect and furniture designer, born in Canada;
`best known for the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao,
`Spain (1997)
`Geiger ('ga1ga) n Hans (bans). 1882-1945, German
`physicist: developed the Ceiger counter
`Geiger counter or Geiger-Muller counter
`'
`('ga1ga'mula) n an instrument for detecting and
`m easuring the intensity of ionizing radiation.
`It consists ofa gas-filled tube containing a fine
`wire anode along the axis of a cylindrical cathode
`with a potential difference of several hundred
`volts. Any particle or photon which ionizes any
`number of gas molecules in the tube causes a
`discharge which is registered by electronic
`equipment. The magnitude of the discharge
`does not depend upon the nature or the energy
`of the ionizing particle. Compare proportional
`counter
`e ETYMOLOGY c20: named after Hans GEIGER and
`W. Muller, 20th-century German physicist
`geisha ('ge1Ja) n,pl-sha «-shas a professional
`female companion for men in Japan, trained in
`music, dancing, and the art of conversation
`eETYMOLOGY c19: from Japanese, from gei art+ sha •
`person, from Ancient Chinese ngi and che
`Geisslertube ('ga1sla) n aglassorquartzvessel,
`u sually having two bulbs containing electrodes
`separated by a capillary tube, for maintaining an
`electric discharge in a low-pressure gas as a source
`of visible or ultraviolet light for spectroscopy
`• ETYMOLOGY Cl 9: named after Heinrich Geissler
`(1814-79), German mechanic
`geitonogamy (,ga1ta'nogam1) n botany the transfer
`' of pollen to a stigma of a different flower on the•
`same plant
`• ETYMOLOGY c19: from Greek geitiin neighbour+
`•GAMY
`gel (d3d) n 1 a semirigid Jelly-like colloid in which
`a liquid is dispersed ln a solid: nondrip paint is a gel
`2 See hair gel 3 theatre informal See gelatine (sense 4)
`I> vb gels, gelling, gelled 4 to become or cause to
`become a gel 5 a variant spelling of jell
`• ETYMOLOGY c19: by shortening from GELATINE
`gelada ('d3dada,'gd-,d31'la:da,g1-) n aNEAfrican
`baboon, Theropithecusgelada, with dark brown hair
`forming a mane over t he shoulders, a bare red chest,
`and a ridged muzzle: family Cercopithecidae. Also
`called: gelada baboon
`• ETYMOLOGY probably from Arabic qiladah mane
`Geliindesprung (ga'lrndaJpruIJ) or geliindejump
`(ga'lrnda) n skiing a jump made in downhill skiing,
`usually over an obstacle
`e ETYMOLOGV German, from Celiinde terrain+ Sprung
`jump
`"
`,,
`
`gelatine ('d3tla,tl:n) or gelatin ('d3£1aun) n
`1 a colourless or yellowish water-soluble protein
`prepared by boillng animal hides and bones: used in
`foods, glue, photographic emulsions, etc 2 an edll>le
`jelly made of this substance, sweetened and
`flavoured 3 any of various substances that resemble
`gelatine 4 Also called (informal): gel a translucent
`substance used for colour effects in theatrical
`lighting
`• ETYMOLOGY c19: from French gilatine, from Medieval
`Latin gelatina, from Latin gel are to freeu
`gelatlnize or gelatinise (d31'lil!a,na1z) vb 1 to make
`orbecomegelatinous 2 (tr) photog tocoat(glass,
`paper, etc) with gelatine > ge,latinfution or
`ge,latinl'sation n > ge"lati,nizer or ge'lati,niser n
`gelatinoid (d31'1il!tI,ro1d) adj 1 resembling gelatine
`e> n 2 a gelatinold substance, such as collagen
`gelatinous (d31'lzanas) adj 1 consisting ofor
`resembling jelly; viscous 2 of, con taining, or
`resembling gelatine > ge'latinously adv
`> ge'latinousness n
`gelatlon• (d31'le1Jan) n the actorprocessoffreezing
`a liquid
`• ETYMOLOGY c19: from Latin geldtio a freezing;
`see GELATINE
`gelation• (d31'le1Jan) n theactorprocessofforming
`into a gel
`•ETYMOLOGY c20: from GEL
`gelcap ('d3£1,)cil!p) n adoseofmedicineendosed
`in a soluble case of gelatine
`•ETYMOLOGY c20: from GEL(ATINE) + CAP(SULE)
`geld' (geld) vb gelds, gelding, gelded orgelt (Ir)
`1 to castrate (a horse or other animal) 2 to deprive of
`virility or vitality; emasculate; weaken > 'geld er n
`• ETYMOLOGY cu: from Old Norse gelda, from geldr
`barren
`geld• (gtld) n a taX on land levied in late Anglo(cid:173)
`Saxon and Norman England
`• ETYMOLOGY Old English gield service, tax; related
`to Old Norse gjald tribute, Old Frisianjeld, Old High
`German gelt retribution, income
`Gelderland orGuelderland ('gdda,lil!nd;Dutch
`'xddarlant) n a province of the E Netherlands:
`formerly a duchy, belonging successively to several
`different European powers. Capital: Arnhem. Pop:
`1960000 (2003 est). Area: 5014 sq Ian (1955 sq miles).
`Also called: c;uelders
`gelding ('gddJI)) n a castrated male horse
`• ETYMOLOGY Cl4: from Old Norse geldingr; see GEI.D1 ,
`- INC1
`Gelibolu (g£'lib:ilu) n the.Turkishnamefor(;allipoll
`gelid ('d3cl!d) adj very cold,Jcy, or frosty > gelidity or
`'gelidness n > ·gelidly adv
`•ETYMOLOGY CIT. from Latingeli4usicy cold, fromgelll
`frost
`gelignite ('d3£11g,naJt) n a type of dynamite in
`which the nlttogelatine is absorbed in a base of
`wood pulp and potassium or sodium nitrate. Also
`called (informal): gelly ('d3£l!)
`•ETYMOLOGY c19: from GEL(ATINE) + Latin ignis fire+
`• ITE1
`•
`.•
`Gelligaer (Welsh ,gchli:'garr) n a town in s Wales,
`in Caerphilly county borough. Pop (including Ysmd
`Mynach): 17185 (2001)
`' gelsemium (d3£1'si:m1am) n,pl -miumsor-mia
`(·m13) 1 any climbing shrub of the loganiaceous
`genus Gelsemium, of SE Asia and North America, esp
`the yellow jasmine, having fragrant yellow flowers
`2 the powdered root of the yellow jasmine, formerly
`used as a sedative
`• ETYMOLOGY Cl 9: New Latin, from Italian gelsomino
`JASMINE
`Gelsenkirchen (German gclzan'klr~n) n an
`industrial city in W Germany, in North Rhine(cid:173)
`Westphalia. Pop: 272 445 (2003 est)
`gelt' (gdt) vb archaic or dialect a pasttense and past
`participle of geld'
`. , ,
`.
`gelt• (g£lt) n slang chiefly US cash or funds; money
`• ETYMOLOGY Cl9: from Yiddish, from Old High
`German gelt reward
`gem (d3tm) n 1 a precious or semiprecious stone
`used in jewellery as a decoration; jewel 2 a person
`or thing held to be a perfect example; treasure
`
`-
`
`• e nYMOLOGY c1s: from Malay ge'kok, of imitative
`
`·origin
`gedact (ga'do:kt, -'dii!kt) or gedeckt (ga'dtkt) n
`music a flutelike stopped metal diapason organ pipe
`• ETYMOLOGY (gedeckt) from German: covered, from
`decken to cover
`geddit ('gtd1t) interj slang an exclamation meaning
`do you understand it?: they nicknamed him "Iteasure', because
`of his sunken chest, geddit?
`e ETYMOLOGY C20! from Do you get it? from GET
`understand
`gee' (d3i:) intetj 1 Also: gee up! an exclamation, as to
`a horse or draught animal, to encourage it to tum to
`the right, go on, or go faster I> vb gees, geeing, geed
`2 (usually foll by up) to move (an animal, esp a horse)
`ahead; urge on 3 (foll by up) to encourage (someone)
`to greater effort or activity I> n 4 slang See gee-gee,
`•ETYMOLOGY c17: origin uncertain
`gee• (d3i:) intetj US and Canadian informal a mild
`exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc. Also:
`geewhizz
`e ETYMOLOGY c20: euph emism for JESUS
`geebag ('gi:,bil!g) n Irish slang a disagreeable woman
`geebung ('dJi:bA.I)) n t anyofvarioustreesand
`shrubs of the genus Persoonia of Australia having an
`edible but tasteless fruit_ 2 the fruit of these trees
`3 (in the 19th century) an uncultivated Australian
`from the country districts
`eETYMOLOGY from a native Australian language
`gee-gee ('d3i:,d3i:) n slang a horse
`• ETYMOLOGY c19: reduplication of GEE1
`'
`geek (gi:k) n slang 1 a person who is preoccupied
`with or very knowledgeable about computing
`2 a boring and unattractive social misfit .
`3 a degenerate > ·geeky adj
`• ETYMOLOGY Cl9: probably variant of Scottish geek
`fool, from Middle Low German geek
`geekspeak ('gi:k,spi:k) n slang jargon used by
`geeks, esp computer enthusiasts.
`geelbek ('xlal,btk) n South African a yellow-jawed
`edible marine fish
`• ETYMOLOGY from Aftikaans gee! yellow+ bek mouth
`Geelong (d3a'loIJ) n aportinSEAustralia;in S
`Victoria on Pon Phillip Bay. Pop: 130194 (2001)
`geepound ('d3i:,paund) n another name for slug•
`(sense 1)
`• ,. ,
`• ETYMOLOGY c20: from gee, representing G(RAVITY)
`+POUND'
`geese (gi:s) n the plural of goose'
`geest (gi:st) n an area of sandy heathland in
`N Germany and adjacent areas
`,
`• ETYMOLOGY Cl 9: Low German Geest dry soil
`gee-whiz adj informal impressive or amazing:
`gee-whiz special effects
`e ETYMOLOGY e20: from GEE'
`Ge'ez ('gi:tz) n the classicalformoftheancient
`Ethiopic language, having an extensive Christian
`literature and still used ln Ethiopia as a liturgical
`language
`geezah ('gi:za) n a variant spelling of geezer·
`geezer ('gi:za) n informal a man
`• ETYMOLOGY c19: probably from dialect .,
`pronunciation of guiser, from GUISE+ •ER'
`
`, ,
`
`