Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 1 of 32 PageID #: 2318
`
`Exhibit 4
`
`

`

`(12)
`
`United States Patent
`Tognazzini
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`USOO6853849B1
`
`(54) LOCATION/STATUS-ADDRESSED RADIO/
`RADIOTELEPHONE
`
`(75) Inventor: Bruce Tognazzini, Woodside, CA (US)
`
`(73) ASSignee: St Mystems Inc., Santa Clara,
`
`(*) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`p issisted under 35
`S.C. 154(b) by
`ayS.
`
`21) Appl. No.: 08/655,133
`(21) Appl. No
`1655,
`(22) Filed:
`May 30, 1996
`(51) Int. Cl." ............................ H04Q 7/20; H04M 3/42
`(52) U.S. Cl. ................. 455/457; 455/4141; 455/456.1
`455/426.1; 340/991
`(58) Field of Search ........................... 455/4.56.1, 456.2,
`455/456.3, 426,457, 433, 456, 12.1, 410,
`411, 414, 82, 412, 418, 419, 420, 426.1,
`126.2, 412.1, 416, 41.4.1, 414.2, 414.3,
`556, 156.2: 342/457, 352, 357; 340/991-995.1
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`5,070,329 A * 12/1991 Jasinaki ..................... 340/7.27
`5,081,667 A
`1/1992 Drori et al. ................... 379/44
`5,218,367 A * 6/1993 Sheffer et al. ..
`342/457
`5,343,512 A * 8/1994 Wang et al. .................. 379/59
`
`8/1995 Katz .......................... 379/156
`5,442,688 A
`1/1997 Dao et al. ..................... 707/10
`5,596,744 A
`5,727,057 A * 3/1998 Emery et al. .........
`... 379/211
`5,731,785 A * 3/1998 Lemelson et al. .......... 342/357
`5,748,148 A * 5/1998 Heiser et al. .........
`... 342/457
`5,790,676 A * 8/1998 Ganesan et al. .............. 380/23
`6,009,323 A * 12/1999 Heffield et al. ............. 455/414
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`2217081
`10/1989
`GB
`WO95/24808
`9/1995
`WO
`WO 96/05678
`2/1996
`WO
`WO 96/07110
`3/1996
`WO
`* cited by examiner
`Primary Examiner Nay Maung
`ASSistant Examiner-Edan Orgad
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Finnegan, Henderson,
`Farabow, Garrett & Dunner, L.L.P.
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`Point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communications are
`established based on a database query broadcast to all
`Stations. Stations Satisfying the query respond and commu
`nications are established with the station(s) responding. The
`database query is preferably directed to location, Status or
`history of the Station being queried. Responding Stations
`may be displayed on a moving map and establishing com
`munications with a responding Station can be established by
`touching an icon of the Station on a touch Screen display.
`
`19 Claims, 22 Drawing Sheets
`
`25
`
`130
`
`OO
`
`cre
`
`O
`
`15
`
`GPS
`RECEIVER
`
`PROXMITY
`RADAR
`
`
`
`R
`STATUS
`Aggr NDICATORS
`TELEP
`AND
`EPHONE DETECTORS
`
`RECEIVER
`INTERFACE
`
`RADAR
`INTRACE
`
`RAO
`
`STATUS
`INTERACE
`
`DISPLAY
`
`105
`
`1. 35
`
`109
`
`14
`
`19
`
`24
`
`29
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 2 of 32 PageID #: 2319
`
`DISK
`CONTROLLER
`
`DATABASE
`
`COMMUNICATIONS
`PORT
`
`O
`INTERFACE
`
`W
`
`59
`
`55
`
`VOICE
`RECOGNITION
`
`170
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 1 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`O
`
`15
`
`20
`
`
`
`25
`
`130
`
`RECEIVER
`
`PROXMITY
`RADAR
`
`RADIO-
`TELEPHONE
`
`INDPRs DISPLAY
`DETECTORS
`
`RECEIVER
`
`RADAR
`
`RADIO
`
`STATUS
`
`DISPLAY
`
`er
`
`105
`
`09
`
`14
`
`19
`
`124
`
`129
`
`COMMUNICATIONS
`
`PORT
`
`O
`
`INTERFACE
`Wr
`
`-21'
`DISK
`CONTROLLER
`
`now na DATABASE
`
`T
`
`HARD
`DRIVE
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`5
`55
`
`l59
`
`DEVICE
`
`FLOPPY
`DRIVE
`
`34
`
`32
`
`33
`
`VOICE
`RECOGNITION
`
`170
`
`60
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 3 of 32 PageID #: 2320
`
`Figure 1
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 2 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 4 of 32 PageID #: 2321
`
`Figure 2
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 3 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`340
`
`re
`
`330-2-
`
`HANDSET WITH
`TOUCH TONE
`DAL PAD
`
`HANOS FREE
`TELEPHONE
`
`VOICE
`/ W DATA
`V
`
`
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 5 of 32 PageID #: 2322
`
`Figure 3
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 4 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
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`
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 6 of 32 PageID #: 2323
`
`Figure 4
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 5 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`DATABASE
`
`
`
`.
`
`II.
`
`VEHICLE INFORMATION
`GLOBALLY UNIQUE ADDRESS:
`TYPE OF VEHICHLE:
`COLOR:
`MAKE:
`MODEL:
`LCENSE NUMBER:
`CURRENT LOCATION:
`CURRENT ORIENTATION:
`CURRENT DIRECTION:
`CURRENT SPEED:
`CURRENT ACCELERATION:
`
`OPTIONAL PERSONAL INFORMATION
`
`HISTORY INFORMATION
`- ROUTE TRAVELLED
`-TEMPERATURE
`- DETECTED CING
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 7 of 32 PageID #: 2324
`
`Figure 5
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 6 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`600
`
`605
`
`610
`
`65
`
`620
`
`630
`
`
`
`RECORD TYPE
`
`DATE
`
`TIME
`
`LOCATION
`
`ORIENTATION
`
`VELOCITY
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 8 of 32 PageID #: 2325
`
`Figure 6A
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 7 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`RECORD TYPE = i -- ess
`
`STORE RECORD --e 650
`
`HASWEHICLE
`MOVED MORE
`(N) THANX FEET (CY)
`
`HAVE MORE THAN
`Y SECONDS ELAPSED -- c. 560
`SINCE LAST RECORD?
`
`
`
`(N)
`
`RECORD TYPE = t --
`
`65
`
`RECORD TYPE = d are 670
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 9 of 32 PageID #: 2326
`
`STORE RECORD --e 675
`
`(ND POWER DOWN -
`(Y)
`RECORD TYPE = e -
`
`680
`
`685
`
`STORE RECORD -
`
`690
`
`END
`Figure 6B
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 8 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`
`
`CENTRA
`OFFICE
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 10 of 32 PageID #:
`2327
`
`Figure 7
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 9 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`
`
`SEND "ARE YOUTHERE'
`OUERY TO AL CELS
`
`FA CELL GETS A SINGLE
`RESPONSE TO ITS QUERY, IT
`ALLOCATES A SINGLE DUPLEX
`CHANNEL TO RECIPIANT
`
`NORMAL HANDOFFTO
`ADJACENT CELLIF CELLULA
`STATION MOVES
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 11 of 32 PageID #:
`2328
`
`Figure 8
`
`

`

`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 10 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
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`
`
`935
`
`CONNECT
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 12 of 32 PageID #:
`2329
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 11 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`
`
`17Ns
`
`of )-- too
`
`ORIGINATOR
`
`17N
`
`of) -- too
`
`3 RECIPIENTS
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 13 of 32 PageID #:
`2330
`
`Figure 10
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 12 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`ORIGINATOR SENDS LOCATIONSTATUS -
`QUERY TO CELLULAR CENTRAL OFFICE
`
`CELLULAR CENTRAL OFFICE BROAD
`CASTS QUERY OVER ALL CELLS USING
`A CONTROL CHANNEL
`
`INDIVIDUAL STATIONS SATSFYING
`QUERY RESPOND OVER CONTROL
`CHANNELF NOT BLOCKED BY CALLED
`STATION OPERATOR
`
`ORIGINATOR AND RESPONDING
`STATIONS ASSIGNED TO CONFERENCE
`BRIDGE -
`
`COMMUNICATIONS OCCURUNTI
`ORIGINATOR TERMINATES
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 14 of 32 PageID #:
`2331
`
`Figure 11
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 13 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
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`240
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 15 of 32 PageID #:
`2332
`
`Figure 12
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 14 of 22
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`US 6,853,849 B1
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`
`
`
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`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`ALL STATIONS MONITOR
`CONTROL CHANNEL
`
`ORIGINATING STATION
`PCK AVAILABLE CHANNEL
`
`ORIGINATOR BROADCASTS
`LOCATION/STATUS OUERY
`OWER CONTROL CHANNEL
`
`RESPONSE BY STATIONS
`SATSFYING OUERY
`
`RESPONDING STATIONS
`NOTIFIED OF CHANNEL
`ASSIGNMENT
`
`
`
`ORIGINATOR AND
`RESPONDING STATIONS
`CHANGE TO CHANNEL
`ASSIGNED
`
`COMMUNICATIONS OCCUR
`UNT ORIGINATOR
`TERMINATES CALL
`
`Figure 13
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 16 of 32 PageID #:
`2333
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 15 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
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`1400
`
`140
`
`420
`
`1430
`
`440
`
`HEADEn
`
`ADDRESS(ES)
`
`PACKET TYPE
`
`DATA
`
`cac
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 17 of 32 PageID #:
`2334
`
`Figure 14
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 16 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
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`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`GUERY BY CLOSENESS TO
`CURRENT GPS LOCATION
`
`DISPLAY LOCATION OF
`EACH RESPONDING VEHICLE
`WITH CON ON MOVING MAP
`
`
`
`OPTIONALLY, TOUCHICON
`TO OPEN A COMMUNICATION
`LINK TO A PARTICULAR
`WEHICLE
`
`
`
`SENDCONNECT RESPONSE
`TO LOCATION ADDRESS OF
`WEHICLE WHOSE CON WAS
`TOUCHED
`
`150
`
`1520
`
`530
`
`OPEN DUPLEX LINK IF CALL
`ANSWERED
`
`a- 540
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 18 of 32 PageID #:
`2335
`
`Figure 15
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 17 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`RECEIVE BROADCAST CALL ADDRESSED
`TO STATION LOCATED A SPECIFIC
`LOCATION OR HAVING SPECIFIC STATUS
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`IF CRITERIA SATISFIED, OPTIONALLY
`DPLAY LOCATION OF VEHICLE
`NTATING CALL
`
`OPTIONALLY DISPLAY QUERY
`
`2 1630
`
`IF ANSWERING OPTIONAL, ACTIVATE
`LOCAL RINGING
`
`2- 1640
`
`F ANSWERING OPTIONAL AND F
`OPERATOR DESIRESTO ANSWER ORIF
`ANSWER IS MANDITORY, SEND QUERY
`RESPONSE PACKET WITH GLOBALLY
`UNICUEIDENTFER
`
`- 1650
`
`ESTABLISH CELLULAR LINK BETWEEN
`CALLING AND CALLED STATIONS OR
`UPLOAD REGUESTED DATA TO CALLING
`STATION
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 19 of 32 PageID #:
`2336
`
`Figure 16
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 18 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`RECEIVE DATA GUERY REGUESTING
`DOWNLOAD of DATABASE INFORMATION
`
`- 1700
`
`OPTIONALLY CHECK AUTHORIZATION
`
`
`
`OPTIONALLY ENCRYPT DATAWITH
`PUBLIC KEY OF AUTHORIZED USER
`
`
`
`SEND DATATO REGUESTOR
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 20 of 32 PageID #:
`2337
`
`Figure 17
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 19 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`TOUCH VEHICLE CON ON MOVING MAP TO
`OPEN COMMUNICATIONS LINK
`
`IF USER DOESN'T RESPOND WITHNA
`PARTICULARTIME INTERVAL REGUEST
`OVERRDETO FORCE ESTABLISHMENT
`OF COMMUNICATIONLINK
`
`2 - 1810
`
`OVERRIDE GRANTED IF AUTHORIZED
`AND HANDS FREE SPEAKER AND
`MICROPHONE ACTIVATED
`
`FVEHICLE DOESN'T STOP REQUEST
`HIGH EVE OVERRIDE TO CONTROL
`ENGINE FUNCTIONS
`
`FAUTHORIZED, HIGH LEVEL OVERRIDE
`GRANTED AND ENGINE CONTROLLED TO --
`BRING VEHICLE TO A STOP
`
`1840
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 21 of 32 PageID #:
`2338
`
`Figure 18
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 20 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
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`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DETERMINE PROXIMITY (AZIMUTH AND
`DISTANCE) OF NEARBY VEHICLES
`
`DETERMINE POSITION OF DESIRED WEHI
`CLE BY CALCULATING DESIRED VEHICLE -
`LOCATION USING GPS LOCATION AND
`PROXMITY INFORMATION
`
`920
`
`ADDRESS DESIRED WEHICLE WITH
`ITS CALCULATED LOCATION
`
`OPEN OUPLEX LINK
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 22 of 32 PageID #:
`2339
`
`Figure 19
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 21 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`CUERY BY CLOSENESS TO CURRENT
`GPS LOCATION
`
`DISPLAY LOCATION OF EACH RESPONDING - 2200
`WEHICLE ON MOVING MAP
`
`
`
`CALCULATE PROJECTED PATH OF EACH
`WEHICLE TO DETERMINEVEHICLE WITH
`COLLISION POTENTAL
`
`a 2020
`
`ANNOUNCE WARNING AND/OR AWOIDANCE
`ACTION REQUIRED TO AVOID COLLISION
`
`2-2030
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 23 of 32 PageID #:
`2340
`
`Figure 20
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb. 8, 2005
`
`Sheet 22 of 22
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
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`DETECT ACCIDENT FROM STATUS,
`LOCATION INFORMATION
`
`TRANSMT WARNING 'ACCIDENT AHEAD'
`TOVEHICLES FOLLOWING AND TO
`VEHICLES AHEAD
`
`OPTIONALLY TRANSMIT ACCIDENT LOCA
`TION TO CENTRAL TRAFFIC CONTROL
`COMPUTER
`
`CENTRAL TRAFFIC CONTROL COMPUTER
`OPTIONALLY DETERMINES ONE OR MORE
`DETOURS AND SENDS MESSAGESTO
`VEHICLES IN OR APPROACHINGTRAFFIC
`UAM WITH ALTERNATIVE ROUTES
`
`- 2130
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Case 2:21-cv-00072-JRG-RSP Document 87-4 Filed 06/15/21 Page 24 of 32 PageID #:
`2341
`
`Figure 21
`
`

`

`1
`LOCATION/STATUS-ADDRESSED RADIO/
`RADIOTELEPHONE
`
`US 6,853,849 B1
`
`2
`detectors. This results in Such spotty enforcement that the
`police presence has become primarily a deterrent.
`Police currently rely solely on visual observation to detect
`Such aberrant driving practices as weaving in and out of
`traffic while Speeding or wandering all over the road due to
`intoxication.
`Police depend on warning Sirens and lights, Sometimes
`augmented with a public address System, to communicate to
`drivers. Drivers, in these cases, have no means of commu
`nicating back. Drivers, in rare cases, have been known to
`talk back to the police by dialing 911 on their radio
`telephones. Police also sometimes talk to drivers on CB
`radios, but, typically, police are unable to establish two-way
`communications with a potential fugitive. This effectively
`eliminates the possibility of lowering tensions and opening
`negotiations, resulting in high-Speed chases and resultant
`death and injury.
`Police depend strictly on Sirens and lights to warn other
`drivers during hot pursuit. Since the pursued vehicle may be
`well ahead of the police car giving chase, and Since the
`perpetrator is unlikely to make use of lights and Siren, a great
`many multiple-car collisions occur during high-speed
`chases.
`Vehicles leaving the Scene of a crime can be tracked today
`only if an officer is in immediate pursuit or if the vehicle is
`known to contain a transponder device and the identity of the
`vehicle is known to the police. In other words, a getaway car
`with no license plate cannot be tracked unless the police
`arrive quickly.
`Typical radio Systems today can either broadcast to a wide
`geographic area or target Specific Vehicles based on their
`pre-Set identity code. Dispatches cannot be targeted to only
`those vehicles in a given geographic area.
`Currently, automobile occupants are limited in their abil
`ity to communicate with the occupants of other vehicles.
`Certain international Signs and Signals for happiness and
`displeasure can be issued, but conversation is only possible,
`via CB or ham radio, both in use by limited, well-defined
`populations.
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`The present invention provides apparatus, Systems, meth
`ods and computer program products for overcoming the
`problems of the prior art set forth above. This is done by
`permitting radio and telephone Stations to be addressed
`based on their location, their status or their history. Location/
`Status addressing permits a wide variety of functionality to
`be achieved which was not available in the prior art.
`The invention is directed to computer apparatus for estab
`lishing communications between a calling Station and one or
`more called Stations based on information Stored at a called
`Station. Stations can be located in vehicles. Called Stations
`have a memory Storing information in a database. A receiver
`receives a communications request including a query Speci
`fying at least one criterion. A comparator compares infor
`mation Stored in the database with the criterion, and a
`transmitter responds to the communications request when
`the information Stored in the database Satisfies the criterion.
`The apparatus optionally includes a global positioning Sat
`ellite receiver for Storing current location information in the
`database. A proximity detector provides relative location
`information about nearby objects based on called Station
`location and Status detectors Store information about the
`Status of the apparatus in the database. The database may
`also Store information about history of the apparatus. A
`touch-Screen display displayS current location information
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`1. Field of the Invention
`The invention relates to communications Systems and
`more particularly to radio or radiotelephone Systems in
`which the call recipient is addressed by either his location or
`Status.
`2. Description of Related Art
`Telephone Systems, both land line and cellular, are known
`in which a station is identified by a telephone number. An
`originating user places a call to a recipient Station by dialing
`the telephone number which results in establishment of a
`connection between the originating Station and the recipient
`Station over which users of the telephones at those Stations
`may communicate.
`In the area of radio transmission, it is also known to
`address each Station with a unique address.
`In the prior art, reverse telephone directories are known
`for identifying a particular address associated with a tele
`phone number. However, Such directories are of use only for
`fixed locations and cannot be utilized effectively to locate
`mobile Stations or those that are portable, i.e. carried on a
`perSon.
`Detecting traffic Status is currently done by building a
`network of observers and Sensing devices. These networks
`are cumberSome to administer, and Sensing devices, because
`of their expense, tend to be clustered only around high
`traffic-problem areas.
`Consumers presently rely on commercial radio Station
`traffic reports. These cover only a few major roads/accidents
`and users must listen to all reports for a large geographic
`area in order to glean information pertinent to their needs.
`Low-power AM transmitters are located in Some high
`traffic problems areas, Such as airports. These Stations
`require users to tune their radioS to a special frequency
`(away from the music they may have been enjoying) and
`typically broadcast either out of date information or just a
`repeated general information recording.
`A feature has been developed that is now appearing in
`new consumer automobile radar detectors. This System can
`deliver traffic advisories to all radar-detector-operating cars
`within a general area. This System, however, is unable to
`target Specific populations, Such as all cars north of Page
`Mill Road traveling South on highway 280. Instead, every
`one within a given geography receives the notice.
`Additionally, cars that are beyond range, but could well use
`the advisory, are excluded. For example, if highway 280 has
`been closed because of a Spill and will remain So for 2 hours,
`a driver leaving San Francisco needs to be advised to Start
`off on a different highway. Learning three miles away from
`the accident, once in radar-detection range, that the highway
`is closed may be of little use.
`Traffic advisories, because of their generalized nature,
`require giving the same advice/instructions to all vehicles.
`This limits the ability of traffic advisors to suggest multiple
`detour routes, instead dumping most or all traffic on a Single
`detour, often resulting in a traffic tie-up almost as Severe as
`the tie-up they are attempting to relieve.
`In the area of police work, Speeding is currently detected
`either by police officers directly observing an infraction,
`with our without radar devices, or by preinstalled remote
`observation devices, Such as cameras or autonomous radar
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`on a moving map display together with information about
`the location of other vehicles. By touching an icon repre
`Senting a particular vehicle, a communications link can be
`opened to the particular vehicle. The computer may also
`control vehicle functions and an authorized user, Such as the
`police, may preempt control of the vehicle functions over the
`receiver when the transmitter responds to the communica
`tions request. A hands free telephone is installed in the
`vehicle which the computer activates in response to a proper
`request.
`The invention is also directed to apparatus for establishing
`communications between a calling Station and one or more
`called Stations based on information Stored in a database at
`a called Station, a calling Station including an input device
`for Specifying a query against information Stored in the
`database, and a transmitter for Sending a communications
`request including the query.
`The invention is also directed to a method for
`communications, by Sending a communications request
`from an originating Station which includes a query against
`information Stored at individual Stations, receiving a
`response from only individual Stations at which information
`Stored Satisfies the query and optionally opening a commu
`nications link with individual Stations from which a response
`25
`is received. The query can be against information about
`location, Status or history of individual Stations.
`The invention is also directed to a System for communi
`cating between an originating Station and one or more called
`Stations, including a network for connecting Stations, a
`plurality of Stations, at least Some of which include a
`database, a network channel for Sending a communications
`request including a query Specifying at least one criterion
`from the originating Station to all Stations and for receiving
`back a response from those Stations at which the information
`Stored in the database Satisfies the at least one criterion, and
`a network communications channel for communications
`between the originating Station and those Stations at which
`the information Stored in the database Satisfies the at least
`one criterion. The network can be a cellular network.
`The invention is also directed to a computer program
`product including a memory medium, and a computer pro
`gram Stored on the memory medium. The computer program
`includes instructions for Sending a communications request
`from an originating Station to other Stations including a
`query against information Stored at the other Stations, and
`instructions for receiving a response from only individual
`Stations at which information Stored Satisfies the query.
`The invention is also directed to a computer program
`product including a memory medium, and a computer pro
`gram Stored on the memory medium. This computer pro
`gram includes instructions for establishing communications
`between a calling Station and one or more called Stations
`based on information Stored at a called Station. The infor
`mation Stored at a called Station is location information and
`the computer program includes instructions for obtaining
`location information from a plurality of Stations and for
`displaying the location information on a moving map dis
`play.
`Still other objects and advantages of the present invention
`will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from
`the following detailed description, wherein only the pre
`ferred embodiment of the invention is shown and described,
`simply by way of illustration of the best mode contemplated
`of carrying out the invention. AS will be realized, the
`invention is capable of other and different embodiments, and
`its Several details are capable of modifications in various
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`obvious respects, all without departing from the invention.
`Accordingly, the drawing and description are to be regarded
`as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
`The objects, features and advantages of the System of the
`present invention will be apparent from the following
`description in which:
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of apparatus Suitable for
`carrying out the invention.
`FIG. 2 is an illustration of a vehicle in which the apparatus
`of FIG. 1 has been mounted in an exemplary installation.
`FIG. 3 illustrates voice and data paths in the diagram
`shown in FIG. 1.
`FIG. 4 illustrates a cellular telephone implementation of
`the hardware shown in FIG. 1.
`FIG. 5 is an exemplary database which forms part of the
`invention.
`FIG. 6A shows an exemplary format for maintaining
`vehicle history information in the database of FIG. 5.
`FIG. 6B is a flow chart of how history records are
`captured.
`FIG. 7 illustrates placing a call from a single originating
`Station to a single destination Station in accordance with the
`invention.
`FIG. 8 is a flow chart of call placement shown in FIG. 7.
`FIG. 9 illustrates process flow between an originating
`Station, a cellular central office, and a recipient Station during
`call establishment.
`FIG. 10 illustrates placing a call from a single originating
`Station to a plurality of recipient Stations over cellular
`telephone in accordance with the invention.
`FIG. 11 is a flow chart of call placement shown in FIG. 10
`using cellular telephone.
`FIG. 12 illustrates placing a call from a single originating
`Station to a plurality of recipient Stations over a radio link.
`FIG. 13 of call placement shown in FIG. 12.
`FIG. 14 is an exemplary packet format suitable for use in
`accordance with the invention.
`FIG. 15 is a flow chart of a process used to obtain location
`information about vehicles in an area and to establish
`communication with one Such vehicle.
`FIG. 16 is a flow chart of a process used to answer
`location/status addressed calls.
`FIG. 17 is a flow chart of a process used to download
`database information to a requestor.
`FIG. 18 is a flow chart of an extension of one to one
`communication for police or official use.
`FIG. 19 is a flow chart of a process for location addressing
`using a proximity detector to determine the address of a
`Station to be called.
`FIG. 20 shows a flow chart of a process for collision
`avoidance in accordance with the invention.
`FIG. 21 is a flow chart of a process for communicating
`accident information and for rerouting traffic.
`NOTATIONS AND NOMENCLATURE
`The detailed descriptions which follow may be presented
`in terms of program procedures executed on a computer or
`network of computers. These procedural descriptions and
`representations are the means used by those skilled in the art
`to most effectively convey the substance of their work to
`others skilled in the art.
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`S
`A procedure is here, and generally, conceived to be a
`Self-consistent Sequence of Steps leading to a desired result.
`These Steps are those requiring physical manipulations of
`physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these
`quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals
`capable of being Stored, transferred, combined, compared,
`and otherwise manipulated. It proves convenient at times,
`principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these
`Signals as bits, values, elements, Symbols, characters, terms,
`numbers, or the like. It should be noted, however, that all of
`these and Similar terms are to be associated with the appro
`priate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels
`applied to these quantities.
`Further, the manipulations performed are often referred to
`in terms, Such as adding or comparing, which are commonly
`asSociated with mental operations performed by a human
`operator. No Such capability of a human operator is
`necessary, or desirable in most cases, in any of the opera
`tions described herein which form part of the present inven
`tion; the operations are machine operations. Useful
`machines for performing the operation of the present inven
`tion include general purpose digital computers or similar
`devices.
`The present invention also relates to apparatus for per
`forming these operations. This apparatus may be specially
`constructed for the required purpose or it may comprise a
`general purpose computer as Selectively activated or recon
`figured by a computer program Stored in the computer. The
`procedures presented herein are not inherently related to a
`particular computer or other apparatus. Various general
`purpose machines may be used with programs written in
`accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove more
`convenient to construct more specialized apparatus to per
`form the required method steps. The required Structure for a
`variety of these machines will appear from the description
`g|Ven.
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`DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIMENT
`The invention will now be described with reference to the
`following drawings which set forth the best mode for
`carrying out the invention.
`FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of apparatus suitable for
`carrying out the invention. It has a bus 105 and a CPU 100
`which does all processing associated with information used
`in accordance with the invention. GPS receiver 110, con
`nected to the bus by receiver interface 109, detects the
`current location of the GPS receiver antenna. When the
`invention is built into a vehicle, this is the same as the
`location of vehicle. When used in a vehicle environment,
`CPU 100 may serve as a controlling CPU for all vehicle
`functions.
`Proximity radar 115 and radar interface 114 are also
`connected to the bus. The use of radar is optional but has
`capabilities that are useful in various circumstances as
`described more hereinafter.
`Radio transceiver or radio telephone 120 are connected
`via radio interface 119 to the bus. For Some embodiments,
`radio would be preferred whereas in others, radio telephone
`would be preferred. Which would preferred in a particular is
`apparent from the context.
`Status indicators and detectors 125 are interfaced to the
`bus over status interface 124. As will be seen hereinafter,
`information about vehicle Status as indicated by various
`Sensors is Sometimes utilized in accordance with the inven
`tion.
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`US 6,853,849 B1
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`Display 130 is connected to the bus over display interface
`129. Display 130 is preferably a color touch screen display.
`Optional disk controller 135 manages one or more disk
`drives which could be CD ROM 132, floppy drive 133 or
`hard drive 134. These drives are merely symbolic of a
`number of disc drives which might be accommodated by the
`computer System. Typically, these would include a floppy
`disc drive Such as 133, a hard disc drive Such as 134, and a
`CD ROM drive indicated by 132. The number and types of
`drives varies, typically, with different computer configura
`tions.
`Bus 105 serves as a main information highway intercon
`necting the other components of the computer. A CPU 100
`is a central processing unit of the System, performing
`calculations and logic operations required to execute a
`program. Read only memory 140 and Random AcceSS
`Memory 145 constitute the main memory of the computer.
`The disc controller 135 and associated drives are
`convenient, but optional if other means are available for
`loading programming and other information into the com
`puting System. Such an alternative might be plugging in
`preprogrammed ROM into a Socket connected to the com
`puter bus.
`Database 150 contains information utilized in accordance
`with the invention as more fully discussed hereinafter.
`Communications port 155 is optional but would typically
`constitute an RS232 slot for connection to external devices.
`I/O devices 160, such as a mouse or a keyboard are
`connected to the bus over I/O interface 159. Voice recogni
`tion equipment or software 170 permits various audio
`Sounds to be recognized as commands for controlling opera
`tions of the devices shown in FIG.1. The use and operation
`of the various devices connected to the bus will become
`apparent from descriptions given hereinafter.
`FIG. 2 is an illustration of a vehicle in which the apparatus
`of FIG. 1 has been mounted in an exemplary installation.
`Mounted in the rear of vehicle 200 is a housing 210
`containing most of the electronicS shown in FIG. 1. An
`antenna 220 Serves as an antenna for the radio or radiotele
`phone communications. It may also be configured to Serve
`as the antenna for the global positioning Satellite Signals.
`Auxiliary antenna 230 is shown which is not accessible from
`the exterior of the car and which Serves to transmit and
`receive information in the event that antenna 220 is dam
`aged. Housing 210 is a tamper resistant housing which
`contains, inter alia, the CPU 100 shown in FIG. 1. Since
`CPU 100 serves to control vehicle functions, the removal of
`container 210 will result in disabling the vehicle for trans
`portation uses. Driver compartment electronics, shown Sym
`bolically as 240 in FIG. 2, includes the operator controls, a
`cellular telephone, an optional hands free telephone micro
`phone and Speaker, and touch Screen display 130 which also
`serves to display GPS navigation information, preferably
`including moving map information.
`FIG. 3 illustrates voice and data paths in the diagram
`shown in FIG. 1.
`In FIG. 3, transceiver 120 can be either a cellular tele
`phone transceiver or a radio transceiver. AS indicated, i