Trademark Trial and Appeal Board Electronic Filing System. http://estta.uspto.gov
`ESTTA Tracking number:
`ESTTA917738
`08/23/2018
`
`Filing date:
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`Petition for Cancellation
`
`Notice is hereby given that the following party has filed a petition to cancel the registration indicated below.
`Petitioner Information
`
`Name
`Entity
`Address
`
`Attorney informa-
`tion
`
`Peak Health Center
`Corporation
`100 Los Gatos Saratoga Rd
`Ste A
`Los Gatos, CA 95032
`UNITED STATES
`
`Citizenship
`
`California
`
`Allen J. Baden
`Edge Law Group
`100 Los Gatos Â# Saratoga Rd.
`Ste B
`Los Gatos, CA 95032
`UNITED STATES
`docket@edgelawgroup.com
`6504608050
`
`Registration Subject to Cancellation
`
`Registration No.
`Registrant
`
`Registration date
`
`4411518
`ISO INTERNATIONAL, LLC
`1712 PIONEER AVE. - STE. 201
`CHEYENNE, WY 82001
`UNITED STATES
`
`10/01/2013
`
`Goods/Services Subject to Cancellation
`
`Class 003. First Use: 2012/10/00 First Use In Commerce: 2012/10/00
`All goods and services in the class are subject to cancellation, namely: Cosmetic preparations; cos-
`metics and make-up; non-medicated preparations all for the care of skin; all of the foregoingmade
`primarily from natural ingredients
`Class 005. First Use: 2012/10/00 First Use In Commerce: 2012/10/00
`All goods and services in the class are subject to cancellation, namely: Dietary and nutritional supple-
`ments; food supplements; health food supplements;herbal supplements; herbal topical creams, gels,
`salves, sprays, powder, balms,liniment and ointments for the relief of aches and pain; homeopathic
`supplements; liquid nutritional supplement; mineral nutritional supplements; mineral supplements;
`natural herbal supplements; nutraceuticals for use as a dietary supplement; nutritional and dietary
`supplements formed and packaged as bars; nutritionalsupplements; protein supplements; vitamin
`and mineral supplements; all of the foregoing made primarily from natural ingredients
`
`Grounds for Cancellation
`
`Fraud on the USPTO
`
`Trademark Act Section 14(3); In re Bose Corp.,
`
`

`

`580 F.3d 1240, 91 USPQ2d 1938 (Fed. Cir.
`2009)
`
`Attachments
`
`Cancellation Petition CBD NATURALS 4835-7935-1406 v.1.pdf(136454 bytes )
`1 Office Action.pdf(3622866 bytes )
`2 Response to Office Action.pdf(594516 bytes )
`3 CBDNaturals.com home page.pdf(1079252 bytes )
`4 Cannabidiol Wikipedia.pdf(1229755 bytes )
`
`Signature
`Name
`Date
`
`/allen j baden/
`Allen J. Baden
`08/23/2018
`
`

`

`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`
`In the matter of:
`
`Petitioner
`
`Peak Health Center, a California Not For
`Profit Corporation,
`
`
`
`
`v.
`
`ISO International, LLC,
`
`
`
`Registrant.
`
`
`
`Cancellation No.
`
`U.S. Trademark Registration No. 4,411,518
`for CBD NATURALS in Classes 3 and 5
`Registration Date: October 1, 2013
`
`Petitioner Peak Health Center (“Petitioner”) believes that it is or will be damaged by ISO
`
`INTERNATIONAL, LLC’s (“Registrant”) registration of CBD NATURALS (the “Mark”) for “Cosmetic
`
`preparations; cosmetics and make-up; non-medicated preparations all for the care of skin; all of
`
`the foregoing made primarily from natural ingredients,” in Class 003, and “Dietary and
`
`nutritional supplements; food supplements; health food supplements; herbal supplements;
`
`herbal topical creams, gels, salves, sprays, powder, balms, liniment and ointments for the relief
`
`of aches and pain; homeopathic supplements; liquid nutritional supplement; mineral nutritional
`
`supplements; mineral supplements; natural herbal supplements; nutraceuticals for use as a
`
`dietary supplement; nutritional and dietary supplements formed and packaged as bars;
`
`nutritional supplements; protein supplements; vitamin and mineral supplements; all of the
`
`foregoing made primarily from natural ingredients,” in Class 05 as described in U.S. Trademark
`
`Registration No. 4,411,518 dated October 1, 2013 (the “Registration”), and petitions to cancel
`
`the same under Section 14(3) of the Lanham Federal Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1064(3).
`
`As grounds for cancellation, Peak Health states and alleges the following, with
`
`knowledge about its own acts and on information and belief on all other matters:
`
`4835-7935-1406, v. 1
`
`1
`
`

`

`STATEMENT OF THE PETITION
`
`1.
`
`Petitioner is a not-for-profit corporation organized under the laws of California
`
`and maintains an office at 100 Los Gatos Saratoga Road, Suite A, Los Gatos, California 95032.
`
`2.
`
`Registrant is a limited liability company organized under the laws of Wyoming
`
`and maintains an office at 1712 Pioneer Avenue, Suite 201, Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001.
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`Registrant acquired by assignment and is the record owner of the Registration.
`
`In an office action dated March 15, 2012 (attached as Exhibit 1 to this Petition),
`
`the Examining Attorney stated,
`
`“Applicant must explain whether “CBD” has any meaning or significance in the industry
`
`in which the goods are manufactured/provided, or if such wording is a “term of art”
`
`within applicant’s industry. See 37 C.F.R. §2.61(b); TMEP §814. Further, applicant must
`
`provide additional information about this wording to enable proper examination of the
`
`application. Specifically, applicant must respond to the following questions: What is the
`
`significance of “CBD” in relation to the recited goods in Classes 3 and 5? Do any of the
`
`applicant’s goods recited in Classes 3 and 5 contain the ingredient Cannabidiol (CBD) or
`
`its derivatives?”
`
`5.
`
`In a Response to Office Action dated September 1, 2012 (attached as Exhibit 2),
`
`Registrant falsely stated to mislead the Examining Attorney, “cbd appearing in the mark has no
`
`significance nor is it a term of art in the relevant trade or industry or as applied to the
`
`goods/services listed in the application, or any geographical significance.” Separately, using the
`
`Miscellaneous Statement portion of the response form, Registrant stated, “CBD is an
`
`abbreviation for the word ‘Cannabidiol’. The term has no significance in the relevant trade or
`
`4835-7935-1406, v. 1
`
`2
`
`

`

`industry; however, a non-synthetic component of Cannabidiol has been extracted and is present
`
`in small quantities in the goods.”
`
`6.
`
`Contrary to Registrant’s assertion, the term CBD has significance and is a term of
`
`art in the industry and channels of trade in which Registrant operates (and operated when it
`
`made the assertion). Indeed, Registrant’s CBDNaturals.com website contains multiple
`
`references to its products containing cannabidiol. (See printout from the website attached as
`
`Exhibit 3.) CBD is a well-known abbreviation for cannabidiol. (See printouts from Wikipedia and
`
`High Times attached as Exhibit 4.)
`
`7.
`
`Registrant also purposefully omitted information regarding the source of its
`
`cannabidiol at the time it responded to the office action, namely, marijuana plants, with the
`
`express purpose of avoiding a refusal of its application on the grounds that Registrant’s CBD
`
`(cannabidiol) was derived from marijuana. Under USPTO practice, such an admission would
`
`have prevented registration of the Mark since the trademark applicant cannot show that the
`
`goods or services are being lawfully used in commerce because the Controlled Substances Act
`
`(“CSA”) considers marijuana a Schedule I illegal drug. (The CSA makes it unlawful to sell, offer
`
`for sale, or use any facility of interstate commerce to transport drug paraphernalia, including,
`
`“any equipment, product, or material of any kind which is primarily intended or designed for
`
`use in manufacturing, compounding, converting, concealing, producing, processing, preparing,
`
`injecting, ingesting, inhaling or otherwise introducing into the human body a controlled
`
`substance, possession of which is unlawful under the CSA.” 21 U.S.C. § 863(d).)
`
`8.
`
`Registrant’s misleading statement to the Examining Attorney regarding the
`
`significance of the term CBD to the industry and channels of trade in which it operates and its
`
`4835-7935-1406, v. 1
`
`3
`
`

`

`failure to disclose the CBD was derived from marijuana plans were material statements
`
`Registrant made with intent to deceive the Trademark Office to obtain the registration for the
`
`Mark.
`
`9.
`
`Registrant knew the statements it made in the Response to Office Action dated
`
`September 1, 2012 were false when they were made, and Registrant made those false
`
`statements with an intent to deceive the Trademark Office.
`
`10.
`
`The Trademark Office relied upon the false representations of material facts in
`
`issuing the Registration.
`
`11.
`
`The Trademark Office would not have allowed registration of the Mark but for
`
`Respondent's false representations of fact.
`
`12.
`
`Registrant obtained U.S. Registration No. 4,411,518 by fraud by making
`
`knowingly false statements of and omissions of facts in the application that matured into the
`
`Registration with intent to deceive the Trademark Office.
`
`13.
`
`Petitioner believes that it is damaged and will continue to be damaged by the
`
`continued registration of the Mark on the Principal Register.
`
`RELIEF REQUESTED — CANCELLATION
`
`If Registration No. 4,411,518 is permitted to remain on the Principal Register, with all
`
`the presumptions conferred by its status, Petitioner will continue to be subjected to great and
`
`irreparable damage and Respondent will enjoy unlawful gain and advantage to which it is not
`
`entitled under the Lanham Trademark Act of 1946.
`
`
`
`
`
`4835-7935-1406, v. 1
`
`4
`
`

`

`WHEREFORE, Petitioner respectfully requests this Petition be granted, and that
`
`Registration No. 4,411,518 be cancelled under Section 14(3) of the Lanham Federal Trademark
`
`Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1064(3).
`
`Date: August 23, 2018
`
`
`
`
`
`____________________________
`Allen J. Baden
`Edge Law Group
`100 Los Gatos Saratoga Road, Suite B
`Los Gatos, California 95032
`T: (650) 460-8070
`E: abaden@edgelawgroup.com
`Attorney for Petitioner Peak Health Center
`
`4835-7935-1406, v. 1
`
`5
`
`

`

`CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
`
`I certify that a true and complete copy of the foregoing Petition to Cancellation by mailing
`said copy U.S. Mail, postage prepaid, addressed to Registrant:
`
`ISO International, LLC
`1712 Pioneer Avenue, Suite 201
`Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001
`
`Daphne Sheridan Bass, Esq.
`921 26th St, Santa Monica, CA 90403
`
`Date: August 23, 2018
`
`
`
`
`
`____________________________
`Allen J. Baden
`Edge Law Group
`100 Los Gatos Saratoga Road, Suite B
`Los Gatos, California 95032
`T: (650) 460-8070
`E: abaden@edgelawgroup.com
`
`
`
`4835-7935-1406, v. 1
`
`6
`
`

`

`EXHIBIT 1
`
`To:
`
`Subject:
`
`Sent:
`
`Sent As:
`
`Attachments:
`
`SkinAgain, LLC (daphneblaw@gmail.com)
`
`U.S. TRADEMARK APPLICATION NO. 85371737 - CBD NATURALS - Daphne Sheri
`
`3/15/2012 5:02:17 PM
`
`ECOM107@USPTO.GOV
`
`Attachment - 1
`Attachment - 2
`Attachment - 3
`Attachment - 4
`Attachment - 5
`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE (USPTO)
`OFFICE ACTION (OFFICIAL LETTER) ABOUT APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION
`
`    APPLICATION SERIAL NO.       85371737
` 
`    MARK: CBD NATURALS
` 
`
`    CORRESPONDENT ADDRESS:
`          LAW OFFICES OF DAPHNE SHERIDAN BASS        
`          LAW OFFICES OF DAPHNE SHERIDAN BASS        
`          921 26TH ST
`          SANTA MONICA, CA 90403-2203       
`           
`    APPLICANT:           SkinAgain, LLC         
` 
`    CORRESPONDENT’S REFERENCE/DOCKET NO :  
`          Daphne Sheri        
`    CORRESPONDENT E-MAIL ADDRESS: 
`           daphneblaw@gmail.com
`
` 
`        
`
`*85371737*
`
` 
`CLICK HERE TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER:
`http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp
` 
` 
` 
` 
` 
`
` 
`
`OFFICE ACTION
`
` 
`
` 
` 
`
` 
`
`STRICT DEADLINE TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER
`TO AVOID ABANDONMENT OF APPLICANT’S TRADEMARK APPLICATION, THE USPTO MUST RECEIVE APPLICANT’S COMPLETE
`RESPONSE TO THIS LETTER WITHIN 6 MONTHS OF THE ISSUE/MAILING DATE BELOW.
` 
`ISSUE/MAILING DATE: 3/15/2012
` 
`This Office action is in response to applicant’s communication filed on February 22, 2012.
`                                          
`The applicant’s amended identification of goods is accepted and entered into the record.   The applicant has satisfied the disclaimer requirement.
` 
`Applicant must address the requirement(s) raised below.  The examining attorney apologizes for any inconvenience the delay in raising this issue
`has caused applicant.
` 
`Significance Inquiry
` 
`Applicant must explain whether “CBD” has any meaning or significance in the industry in which the goods are manufactured/provided, or if
`such wording is a “term of art” within applicant’s industry.
`  See 37 C.F.R. §2.61(b); TMEP §814.
` 
`Further, applicant must provide additional information about this wording to enable proper examination of the application.  Specifically,
`applicant must respond to the following questions: 
`What is the significance of “CBD” in relation to the recited goods in Classes 3 and 5?
`1.
`Do any of the applicant’s goods recited in Classes 3 and 5 contain the ingredient Cannabidiol (CBD) or its derivatives?  See the attached
`2.
`from Wikipedia.
`
`

`

`EXHIBIT 1
`
` 
`Failure to respond to a request for information is an additional ground for refusing registration.  See In re Cheezwhse.com, Inc., 85 USPQ2d
`1917, 1919 (TTAB 2008); In re DTI P’ship LLP , 67 USPQ2d 1699, 1701 (TTAB 2003); TMEP §814.
` 
`Response Guidelines
` 
`If applicant has questions about the application or this Office action, please telephone the assigned trademark examining attorney at the telephone
`number below.
` 
`TEAS PLUS APPLICANTS MUST SUBMIT DOCUMENTS ELECTRONICALLY OR SUBMIT FEE:  Applicants who filed their
`application online using the reduced-fee TEAS Plus application must continue to submit certain documents online using TEAS, including
`responses to Office actions.  See 37 C.F.R. §2.23(a)(1).  For a complete list of these documents, see TMEP §819.02(b).  In addition, such
`applicants must accept correspondence from the Office via e-mail throughout the examination process and must maintain a valid e-mail address. 
`37 C.F.R. §2.23(a)(2); TMEP §§819, 819.02(a).  TEAS Plus applicants who do not meet these requirements must submit an additional fee of
`$50 per international class of goods and/or services.  37 C.F.R. §2.6(a)(1)(iv); TMEP §819.04.  In appropriate situations and where all issues can
`be resolved by amendment, responding by telephone to authorize an examiner’s amendment will not incur this additional fee.
` 
` 
` 
` 
`
`/Y. I. Lee/
`Yat-sye I. Lee
`Trademark Examining Attorney
`Law Office 107
`Phone: 571-272-3897
`yatsye.lee@uspto.gov
` 
`
` 
`TO RESPOND TO THIS LETTER:  Go to http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/teas/response_forms.jsp.  Please wait 48-72 hours from the
`issue/mailing date before using TEAS, to allow for necessary system updates of the application.  For technical assistance with online forms, e-
`mail TEAS@uspto.gov.  For questions about the Office action itself, please contact the assigned trademark examining attorney.  E-mail
`communications will not be accepted as responses to Office actions; therefore, do not respond to this Office action by e-mail.
` 
`All informal e-mail communications relevant to this application will be placed in the official application record.
` 
`WHO MUST SIGN THE RESPONSE:  It must be personally signed by an individual applicant or someone with legal authority to bind an
`applicant (i.e., a corporate officer, a general partner, all joint applicants).  If an applicant is represented by an attorney, the attorney must sign the
`response. 
` 
`PERIODICALLY CHECK THE STATUS OF THE APPLICATION:  To ensure that applicant does not miss crucial deadlines or official
`notices, check the status of the application every three to four months using Trademark Applications and Registrations Retrieval (TARR) at
`http://tarr.uspto.gov/.  Please keep a copy of the complete TARR screen.  If TARR shows no change for more than six months, call
`1-800-786-9199.  For more information on checking status, see http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/process/status/.
` 
`TO UPDATE CORRESPONDENCE/E-MAIL ADDRESS:  Use the TEAS form at http://www.uspto.gov/teas/eTEASpageE.htm.
` 
` 
` 
` 
` 
`
`

`

`EXHIBIT 1
`EXHIBIT 1
`httpflenwikipedia.orgfvvikifCannabidiol
`
`034’154’2012 0415?:2? PM
`
` r
`
`5 Log in i' create account
`
`Read Edit Viewhistory
`Article Talk
`
`
`n1
`Wikimania 2012 is July12—15 in Washington, D.C.
`'1
`
`
`
`Cannabidiol
`=rom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
`
`Cannabidiol
`
`
`
`systematic (IUPACZI name
`2-[(1 RBRJ-E-isopropenyl-S-methylcyclohex-Q-
`en-1 -yl]-5-pentylpenzene-1 ,3-cliol
`Clinical data
`
`International Drug
`Names
`
`? S
`
`chedule II (Can)
`Schedule | (USA)
`Identifiers
`
`,AHFSi‘Drugs.com
`
`:Pregnanw m
`'Legalsta‘tus
`
`‘CAS number
`-
`
`”A": ”Ode
`,PubChem
`
`IDrugBank
`EChemSpider
`
`13955—294 ’
`None
`CID 544m 9
`none
`
`24593513 "
`
`Cannabidiol [CED] is a cannabinoid found in Cannabis. It is a major constituent ofthe
`plant, representing up to 40% in its extractsm
`It has displayed sedative effects in animal tests.[3] Some research, however, indicates that
`(200 can increase alertnessm It may decrease the rate ofTHC clearance from the body,
`perhaps by interfering with the metabolism ofTHC in the liver.
`
`Medically, it has been shown to relieve convulsion, inflammation, anxiety, and nausea, as
`well as inhibit cancer cell growthls] Recent studies have shown cannabidiol to be as effective
`as atypical antipsychotics in treating schizophrenia.[5] Studies have also shown that it may
`relieve symptoms ofdystoniamw]
`In November200f’, it was reported that 000 reduces growth of aggressive human breast
`cancer cells in yi'tro and reduces their invasiveness.
`
`A2000 study published in the British Journal of Psychiatry showed significant differences in
`Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences scores between three groups: The
`first consisted of non-cannabis users, the second consisted ofusers with abs-THC detected,
`and the third consisted of users with both lbs-THC and (330 detected. The flQ-THC only group
`scored significantly higherfor unusual experiences than the dQ-THC and (330 group,
`whereas the flQ-THC and (330 group had significantly lower introveitive anhedonia scores
`than the bQ-THC only group and non-cannabis user group. This research indicates that CEID
`acts as an anti-psychotic and may counteract the potential effects ofTHC on individuals with
`latent schizophrenia.[g]
`
`Contents [hide]
`1 Medicinal use
`_2 Pharmacology
`3 Chemistry
`
`3.1 EIiDS'y'nthESiS
`3.2 Natural occurence
`
`:1 Legal Status
`5 See also
`
`5 References
`2" External links
`
`Rm.
`“J r?)
`*1 \QT
`
`'9.
`
`'4!
`3:"
`
`S1 «w
`
`z,‘
`
`'9‘.
`fl
`"“ was?
`
`I
`
`WIKIPEDIA
`The Free Encydnpedia
`
`Main page
`Contents
`Featured content
`Current events
`Random article
`Donate to Wikipedia
`
`V Interaction
`Help
`AboutWikipedia
`Community portal
`Recentchanges
`Contact Iu‘Vil-(ipedia
`
`> Toolbox
`
`p Printfexport
`
`7 Languages
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`
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`
`Ponugues
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`
`

`

`EXHIBIT 1
`EXHIBIT 1
`httpflenwikipedia.orgfwikifCannabidiol
`0331549012 04:5?12? F'Ivl
`
`UHII
`
`1SGEIJBUSN5 '(
`
`Medicmal use
`
`[edit]
`
`] and to decrease social
`Cannabidiol is shown to decrease activity ofthe Iimbic systemI
`_
`_
`_
`_
`_
`_
`[11]
`.
`_
`_
`Isolation Induced by THC.
`Its also shown that Cannabidiol reduces anxiety In social
`anxiety disorder. [12] [13] In April 2005, Canadian authorities approved the marketing of
`Sativex, a mouth spray for multiple sclerosis to alleviate pain. Sativex contains
`tetrahydrncannahinnl tngether with cannahidinl
`It is marketed in Canada hy GW
`Pharmaceuticals.
`
`10
`
`Formula
`Moi. mass
`SMILES
`
`"‘0“
`
`Melt. point
`
`Chemical data
`cquno?
`'
`314.45
`I
`M I
`e Dawes
`
`Pl'nI'Bical data
`ss=cr151 'FJ
`
`an bCh
`“1
`
`em
`[5mm]
`
`3'3"“! ”Dim
`
`133'9855'9
`(Range: 150“C-1BD“C)
`In
`
`x [whatisthis?} {verify}
`
`In 1985 a single case study suggested that CEID may be effective in the management of
`Ievodopa-induced dyskinesia in a Parkinson's Disease patient. [14]
`Studies have shown that CEID may reduce schizophrenic symptoms in patients, likely due to
`their apparent ability to stabilize disrupted or disabled NMDA receptor pathways in the brain,
`which are shared and sometimes contested by norepinephrine and GABAIEHIS] Leweke et al. performed a double blind, 4 week,
`explorative controlled clinical trial to compare the effects of purified cannabidiol and the atypical antipsychotic amisulpride on improving the
`symptoms of schizophrenia in 42 patients with acute paranoid schizophrenia. EIoth treatments were associated with a significant decrease
`ofpsychotic symptoms after2 and 11 weeks as assessed by EIriefF'sychiatric Rating Scale and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.
`While there was no statistical difference between the two treatment groups, cannabidiol induced significantly less side effects
`(extrapyramidal symptoms, increase in prolactin, weight gain) when compared to amisulpridens]
`Cannabidio has also been shown as being effective treating an often drug-induced set ofneurological movement disorders known as
`dystoniaIBI In one study, five out offive participants showed noted improvement in their dystonic symptoms by 20-50%.”1 CEID also
`appears to protect against 'binge' alcohol induced neurodegeneration.““[18]
`Cannabidio may block TI IC's interference with memory.[19]
`
`
`
`Pharmacology
`
`[edit]
`
`Cannabidio has no affinity for CEII and CEI2 receptors but acts as an indirect antagonist of cannabinoid agonistsisl Recently it was found
`to be an antagonist at the putative new cannabinoid receptor, GPRSS, a GF'CR expressed in the caudate nucleus and putamenIzD]
`Cannabidio has also been shown to act as a 5-HT1A receptor agonist,[21] an action which is involved in its antidepressantiflflza]
`anxiolytic,[23][24] and neuroprotectivepsmsl effects. Cannabidiol is also an allosteric modulator at the MU and Delta opioid receptor sites.
`[2?]
`Cannabidio has also been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth with low potency in non-cancer cells. Although the inhibitory mechanism is
`not yet fully understood, Ligresti et al. suggest that "cannabidiol exerts its effects on these cells through a combination of mechanisms
`that include either direct or indirect activation of C32 and TRF'VI receptors, and induction of oxidative stress, all contributing to induce
`apoptosis."28] In November2DDF’, researchers at the California Pacific Medical Center reported that CEID shows promise for controlling the
`spread of metastatic breast cancer. In vitro CEID downregulates the activity ofthe gene IDI which is responsible fortumor metastasispg]
`
`Chemistry
`
`[edit]
`
`Cannabidiol is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents, such as pentane. At room temperature it is a colorless crystalline solid.
`
`[30] In strongly basic medium and the presence of air it is oxidized to a guinoneian Under acidic conditions it cyclizes to THC.[32] The
`synthesis ofcannabidiol has been accomplished by several research groupsI33H34H35]
`Rinsvnl‘hesig
`
`Inditi
`
`

`

`EXHIBIT 1
`EXHIBIT 1
`http:iien.wikipedia.orgiwikiiCannabidiol
`
`03i15i2012 04:5?2? F'M
`
`Biosynthesis
`
`Cannabis produces CElD-carbottylic acid through the same metabolic pathway as THC, until the last step, where CBDA synthase
`performs catalysis instead ofTHCA synthaselasl
`
`Natural occurence
`
`[edit]
`
`[edit]
`
`A Cannabis sativa plant may have a CBDiTHC ratio 4-5 times that of Cannabis indica. Marijuana with relatively high ratios ofCElD:THC is
`less likely to induce anxiety than vice versa. This might partial be due to ICElD's antagonist effects at the cannabidanoid receptor,
`compared to THC's partial agonist effect. [3?] The relatively large amount of CElD contained in Cannabis sativa, means. compared to a
`sativa, the effects are modulated significantly. The effects ofSativa are well known for its cerebral high, hence used daytime as medical
`cannabis, while lndica are well known for its sedative effects and preferred night time as medical cannabis.
`
`Legal Status
`
`[edit]
`
`In Canada Cannabicliol is a Schedule 2 Drug, a category that encompasses quantities of
`cannabis less than 35 grams, and various related synthetic derivatives and preparationsl38l In
`the United States it is Schedule I. [391
`
`0 Cannabinoid receptors
`
`See also
`0 Cannabinoids
`
`0 Cannabis
`' EfiECtS 0f cannabis
`0 Medical marijuana
`
`References
`
`[edit]
`
`5'
`The bud of a Cannabis satiira flower
`coated withtrichornes, which contain more
`CBD than any other part ofthe plant.
`[citation neeeteet
`
`[edit]
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`1.
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`2.
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`5.
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`A http:1Am1-vwncbi.n|m.nih.gov1pubmed11 9531 135 [fiWhite matter integrity in adolescents with histories of marijuana use and binge drinking.
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