`
`ESTTA Tracking number:
`
`ESTTA874899
`
`Filing date:
`
`02/02/2018
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`Proceeding
`
`92057634
`
`Party
`
`Correspondence
`Address
`
`Submission
`
`Filer's Name
`
`Filer's email
`
`Signature
`
`Date
`
`Attachments
`
`Defendant
`Pak's Trading Europe B.V.
`
`MILENA S MISHEV
`KAPLAN BREYER SCHWARZ & OTTESEN LLP
`100 MATAWAN RD STE 120
`MATAWAN, NJ 07747
`UNITED STATES
`Email: mmishev@kbsolaw.com
`
`Other Motions/Papers
`
`Milena S. Mishev
`
`mmishev@kbsiplaw.com, trademark@buchalter.com
`
`/milena s. mishev/
`
`02/02/2018
`
`Respondent Reply to Petitioner Opp to Respondent Motion to Suspend Extend
`20180130 draft.pdf(54162 bytes )
`Exhibit A.pdf(652602 bytes )
`Exhibit B.pdf(480560 bytes )
`Exhibit C.pdf(2037977 bytes )
`Exhibit D_Part1.pdf(4115132 bytes )
`Exhibit D_Part2.pdf(3871751 bytes )
`Exhibit D_Part3.pdf(4017749 bytes )
`Exhibit D_Part4.pdf(3916553 bytes )
`Exhibit D_Part5.pdf(1429797 bytes )
`Exhibit E.pdf(1345045 bytes )
`Y.S. Park Declaration.pdf(724734 bytes )
`
`
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`____________________________________
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`:
`
`:
`:
`
`:
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
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`Cancellation No.: 92057634
`
`Registration Nos. 3786964,
`
`3701449, 1377160
`
`Marks:
`
`,
`
` ,
`
`
`
`JUNKFOOD CLOTHING
`COMPANY
`
`Petitioner,
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`v.
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`
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`
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`PAK’S TRADING EUROPE B.V.,
`
`
`
`:
`
`
`
`Respondent.
`:
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`
`
`
`
`
`____________________________________
`
`
`
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`
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`RESPONDENT’S REPLY TO PETITIONER’S OPPOSITION TO RESPONDENT’S
`
`MOTION TO SUSPEND AND EXTEND ALL DISCOVERY AND TRIAL DATES
`
`
`
`
`
`Respondent, Pak’s Trading Europe B.V. (“Respondent”), through its attorneys, hereby
`
`submits its Reply to Petitioner’s Opposition to Respondent’s Motion to Suspend and Extend All
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`Discovery and Trial Dates, as follows:
`
`1. Respondent has been treated unethically by Petitioner’s Predecessor in rights,
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`Junkfood Clothing Company (hereinafter “Old Junkfood”). Since the commencement of this
`
`proceeding on July 31, 2013 to about March 15, 2017 when the last consent motion for
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`suspension was filed by Petitioner Predecessor’s, Old Junkfood, (Docket Entry No. 45),
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`submitted hereto as Exhibit A, Respondent has been continuously tricked by Petitioner
`
`
`
`1
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`
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`Predecessor’s, Old Junkfood, about Petitioner’s Predecessor’s intent to settle this case.
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`Furthermore, Respondent’s consent to the multiple motions to suspend this cancellation
`
`proceeding has been fraudulently obtained by Petitioner’s Predecessor, Old Junkfood, by
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`engaging in what now appears to be mock settlement negotiations. Thus, Respondent’s trust in
`
`fair business dealings in this country has been seriously devoured.
`
`2. Respondent would like to clarify that in its Motion to Suspend and Extend All
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`Discovery and Trial Dates, Respondent did not provide characterizations of its Principal’s ability
`
`or inability to act. Responded simply laid down the chronology of events regarding its
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`Principal’s health and supported such facts with statements made by medical doctors
`
`knowledgeable of Mr. Park’s medical condition. It is only in this Board’s discretion to interpret
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`the facts and make a decision on how this cancellation should further proceed, based on such
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`facts.
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`3. In its Opposition to Respondent’s Motion, Petitioner misinterprets the facts.
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`Petitioner accuses Respondent of not answering Petitioner’s October 19, 2017 settlement offer.
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`In fact, on October 25, 2017, Respondent’s Principal Mr. Park expressed his willingness to
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`personally discuss the settlement offer with Petitioner’s principal. (Exhibit B). Respondent’s
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`invitation was bluntly declined by Petitioner.
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`4. Furthermore, in its Opposition to Respondent’s Motion, Petitioner refers to a demand
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`letter received by Petitioner’s Korean distributor with regard to the trademarks at issue.
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` Respondent submits that parallel between the two jurisdictions is impractical. The Republic of
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`Korea is a civil law country, whereas, The United States is a common law country. The two
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`jurisdictions have a completely different structure of rules of civil procedure and, therefore,
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`require a different level of participation by the parties to a legal conflict. (Exhibit C). Moreover,
`
`
`
`2
`
`
`
`the main content of the demand letter dated November 28, 2017, was prepared by Respondent’s
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`Korean attorney and approved by Respondent’s Principal Mr. Park back in 2013. The demand
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`letter, however, was put on hold due to the commencement of settlement negotiations between
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`Respondent and Petitioner’s Predecessor, Old Junkfood. (Park Decl. ¶4). Although, the
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`November 28, 2017 letter, attached hereto as Exhibit D, is in Korean, it is evident that it refers to
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`Respondent’s protected marks and contains evidence of Petitioner’s current infringing imports to
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`Korea.
`
`5. Respondent’s Principal Mr. Park is a graduate of the Korea University Law School,
`
`which is highly ranked amidst world-leading educational institutions – comes in 48th place
`
`amongst 300 university law schools worldwide. (Exhibit E). Mr. Park, who also holds degrees in
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`business administration and international studies, was recently offered collegial help from the
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`fellow alumni of the Korea University Law School who came to lend a hand in a difficult time
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`offering to handle the matter with Petitioner’s Korean distributor at a very low preferential fee.
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`(Park Decl. ¶5). This is the reason, why Respondent’s Korean counsel was advised that Mr. Park
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`is handling the case himself. Id.
`
`6. Petitioner is further accusing Respondent of “distorting the ability for Respondent to
`
`participate in the proceedings, such that Respondent participates when it chooses to do so, and
`
`delays when convenient. Respondent respectfully declares that nothing in Respondent’s actions,
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`i.e., requesting business-to-business meeting with Petitioner, initiating a trademark demand letter
`
`in Korea, or authorizing a settlement proposal, contradicts the current daring state of Respondent’s
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`Principal Mr. Park’s health. Respondent’s Principal Mr. Park’s decision to take action is against
`
`his physician’s recommendations. Respondent’s Principal Mr. Park has been pushed to the corner
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`by the belligerent behavior of Petitioner, Junkfood Clothing LLC, which has so far exhibited
`
`
`
`3
`
`
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`complete disregard to Respondent’s rights and interests in the subject marks. For years,
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`Respondent has been successful in its concerted efforts to police Respondent’s rights against
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`infringing uses by many companies including, but not limited, to Nike, Kohl’s, Walmart, John
`
`Varvatos, Guru Denim dba True Religion Brand Jeans, Louis Vuitton Malletier. Despite his
`
`serious health issues, Respondent’s Principal Mr. Park is determined to continue defending
`
`Respondent’s trademark rights and interests in the marks at issue. (Park Decl. ¶6).
`
`In light of the foregoing, Respondent believes that it deserves its request for extension to
`
`the discovery and trial dates to be granted. However, Respondent is ready to defer to the Board’s
`
`judgment with regard to the appropriate dates in the proceeding.
`
`
`
`Dated: February 2, 2017
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Kaplan Breyer Schwarz LLP,
`
` /Milena S. Mishev/
`
`
`
`
`
`
`By:
`_________________________
`Milena S. Mishev
`Attorneys for Respondent
`Pak’s Trading Europe B.V.
`100 Matawan Road, Ste. 120
`Matawan, NJ 07747
`732.578.0103 ext. 227 (Telephone)
`732.578.0104 (Facsimile)
`mmishev@kbsiplaw.com
`
`
`
`4
`
`
`
`I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS CORRESPONDENCE IS BEING FILED
`ELECTRONICALLY WITH THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK
`OFFICE.
`
`Date: February 2, 2018
`
` /Milena S. Mishev/
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
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`
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`
`
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`
`
`CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
`
`I, Milena S. Mishev, hereby certify that I caused a true and correct copy of the
`foregoing REPLY TO PETITIONER’S OPPOSITION TO RESPONDENT’S MOTION
`TO SUSPEND AND EXTEND ALL DISCOVERY AND TRIAL DATES to be served
`electronically on:
`
`
`
`
`
`Jessie K. Reider
`Matthew L. Seror
`Amanda T. Alameddine
`Buchalter, A Professional Corporation
`1000 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1500
`Los Angeles, CA 90017
`trademark@buchalter.com
`
`
`on this 2nd day of February, 2018.
`
`
`
` /Milena S. Mishev/
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`EXHIBIT A
`
`
`
`Trademark Trial and Appeal Board Electronic Filing System. httQ://estta.usgto.gov
`ESTTA Tracking number:
`ESTTA807320
`
`Filing date:
`
`03/15/201 7
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`92057634
`
`Plaintiff
`JunkFood Clothing Company
`
`J PARKs WORKMAN
`DORITY & MANNING PA
`75 BEATTIE PLACE, STE 1600
`GREENVILLE, SC 29601
`UNITED STATES
`
`pworkman@dority-manning.com, docketing@dority-manning.com,
`
`Party
`
`Correspondence
`Address
`
`nbatavia@dority-manning.com, lhensel@dority-manning.com
`
`
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`In the matter of Registration No. 3786964
`
`JunkFood Clothing Company,
`
`Petitioner,
`
`)
`)
`)
`
`Cancellation No. 92057634
`
`Reg. No. 3786964
`
`) )
`
`) )
`
`) Mark:
`
`) ) )
`
`v.
`
`Pak’s Trading Europe B.V.,
`
`Respondent.
`
`CONSENT MOTION FOR SUSPENSION
`
`Petitioner, Junkfood Clothing Company (“Junkfood”), with the consent of Respondent,
`
`Pak’s Trading Europe B.V. (“Pak’s”), moves for an additional 90-day suspension of all deadlines
`
`in this matter. Good cause exists for the suspension because the parties are actively engaged in
`
`settlement discussions and are close to reaching a final resolution. A detailed report is provided
`
`below:
`
`1.
`
`Junkfood and Pak’s are currently engaged in settlement discussions to resolve this
`
`matter and two separate proceedings, including Cancellation No. 92055779 and Opposition No.
`
`91207632, which were more recently filed.
`
`2.
`
`The settlement discussions between Junkfood and Pak’s have been complicated
`
`because of the complex nature of the various proceedings. The settlement discussions have
`
`included the discussion of numerous terms that could lead to resolution of this particular matter
`
`Page 1 of 4
`
`
`
`and the additional proceedings and so that the parties can resolve complex issues concerning
`
`worldwide rights.
`
`3.
`
`Since December 2014, the parties have diligently engaged in numerous exchanges
`
`of formal draft settlement proposals resulting in the narrowing of the issues needed to be
`
`addressed. Issues that have been resolved include scope of the settlement, timelines for actions,
`
`and forum issues. Since the last extension, the parties have exchanged further edits on a draft
`
`settlement agreement and are working towards final execution of a formal, written settlement
`
`agreement. The parties hope to finalize the formal written settlement agreement to resolve this
`
`Cancellation No. 92057634 and Opposition No. 91207632 and Cancellation No.
`
`4.
`
`Thus, the parties request a 90-day suspension of proceedings so that final edits to
`
`a formal written settlement agreement can be completed.
`
`For the foregoing reasons, the parties’ respectfully request that the Board grant a 90-day
`
`suspension of proceedings so that resolution of the issues can be finalized.
`
`Time to Answer :
`
`Deadline for Discovery Conference :
`
`Discovery Opens :
`
`Initial Disclosures Due :
`
`Expert Disclosures Due :
`
`Discovery Period to Close :
`
`Plaintiff Pretrial Disclosures :
`
`Plaintiff's 30-day Trial Period Ends :
`
`Defendant/Counterclaim Plaintiff‘s Pretrial Disclosures :
`
`30-day Trial Period for Defendant and Plaintiff in the Counterclaim :
`
`Counterclaim Defendant's and Plaintiff's Rebuttal Disclosures Due :
`
`07/03/2017
`
`08/02/2017
`
`08/02/2017
`
`09/01/2017
`
`12/30/2017
`
`01/29/2017
`
`03/15/2018
`
`04/29/2018
`
`05/14/2018
`
`06/28/2018
`
`07/13/2018
`
`30-day Trial Period for Counterclaim Defendant and Rebuttal Testimony as Plaintiff Ends:
`
`08/27/2018
`
`Page 2 of 4
`
`
`
`Counterclaim Plaintiff's Rebuttal Disclosures Due:
`
`15-day Rebuttal Period for Counterclaim Plaintiff Ends :
`
`Plaintiff‘s Trial Brief Due :
`
`Defendant's Trial Brief and Plaintiff in the Counterclaim Due :
`
`Brief for Defendant in the Counterclaim and Reply Brief, if any, for Plaintiff Due :
`
`Reply Brief, if any, for Plaintiff in the Counterclaim Due :
`
`09/11/2018
`
`10/11/2018
`
`12/10/2018
`
`01/09/2019
`
`02/08/2019
`
`02/23/2019
`
`Date: March 15, 2017
`
`Respectfully submitted,
`
`DORITY & MANNING, P.A.
`
`/Jason A. Pittman/
`
`Jason A. Pittman
`
`J. Parks Workman
`
`DORITY & MANNING, P.A.
`PO Box 1449
`
`Greenville, SC 29602
`Phone: 864-271-1592
`
`Fax: 864-335-0127
`
`jpittman@doriQZ-manning.com
`jworkman@dority-manning.com
`Attorneys for Opposer
`Junkfood Clothing Company
`
`Page 3 of 4
`
`
`
`CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
`
`I hereby certify that on March 15, 2017 I served a true and complete copy of the foregoing
`
`CONSENT MOTION FOR SUSPENSION on opposing counsel Via First Class Mail, postage
`
`prepaid as follows:
`
`Milena S. Mishev
`
`Kaplan, Breyer, Schwarz, & Ottesen, LLP
`Metropark South
`100 Matawan Road, Suite 120
`
`Matawan, NJ 07747
`
`/Jason A. Pittman/
`
`Jason A. Pittman
`
`Page 4 of 4
`
`
`
`EXHIBIT B
`
`
`
`Milena Mishev
`
`
`From:
`
`Sent:
`To:
`Cc:
`
`Subject:
`
`Dear Jessie,
`
`Milena Mishev
`
`Wednesday, October 25, 2017 1:46 PM
`'Reider, Jessie K.‘
`Alameddine, Amanda
`
`RE: Settlement (Pak's Trading ./. Junkfood Clothing) [IWOV-BN.FID2365985]
`
`The CEO of Pak’s Trading, Dr. Y.S. Park, has advised that he would like to get in touch with the CEO ofJunkfood Clothing
`
`LLC to discuss in person the general terms of the settlement agreement.
`
`Could you please provide to me the name and contact information of the new Junkfood’s CEO so that I may pass it on to
`
`my client.
`
`Thank you.
`
`Milena S. Mishev"
`
`Kaplan Breyer Schwarz, LLP
`
`MetroPark South | 100 Matawan Road, Ste 120 | Matawan, NJ 07747
`www.kbsiglaw.com
`
`mmishev kbsi
`|aw.com | Skype: milena.mishev1
`732—578—0103 ext. 227 (voice)
`917-348—1735 (mobile)
`732678—0104 (fax)
`
`NEW YORK OFFICE:
`
`Kaplan Breyer Schwarz, LLP
`600 Third Avenue, 2nd Floor
`New York, New York 10016
`
`This e-mail message and any documents accompanying it contain information that belongs to Kaplan Breyer Schwarz & Ottesen, LLP,
`and may be confidential and/or legally privileged. The information is intended for the use of the individua|(s) or entity(ies) named
`above.
`If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any disclosure, copying, distribution or the taking of any action
`in reliance on the contents of this message and/or accompanying documents is strictly prohibited.
`If you have received this e-mail
`message in error, please immediately notify us by telephone at +1-732-578-0103.
`
`*Milena S. Mishev is admitted to the New York Bar ONLY
`
`From: Reider, Jessie K. [mailto:jreider@buchalter.com]
`Sent: Thursday, October 19, 2017 7:19 PM
`
`To: Milena Mishev <mmishev@kbsiplaw.com>; Reider, Jessie K. <jreider@buchalter.com>
`
`
`
`
`
`EXHIBIT C
`
`
`
`Difference Between Common Law and Civil Law | Comparison of methods of thought, 1e... Page 1 of 7
`
`
`
`7- » I
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`»
`
`7-
`
`I » Difference Between Common Law and Civil Law
`
`Difference Between Common Law and Civil
`Lavv
`
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`
`When one looks into the legal systems prevalent in
`
`the world, one may come across many legal systems,
`
`practiced in various countries, which bear their roots
`
`from the legal systems practiced in the European
`
`continent. Though all
`
`legal systems have the same
`
`.- purpose of regulating and harmonizing the human
`
`OVER 99.9% NETWO
`
`”fig?
`
`_
`
`2.
`
`action within their respective societies, these legal
`.
`..
`,.
`.
`.
`.
`, systems are all driven towards certain fundamental
`likenesses and differences in their lawful frameworks. Most countries today follow one of the two
`most prominent legal systems: common law or civil
`law. The common law system developed in
`
`England amid the middle ages and was applied to the former British colonies across the world. And
`
`the civil law system created in Europe was applied in the colonies of European imperial powers such
`
`as Spain and Portugal.
`
`There are also some countries in which the civil law and the common law have been working together
`
`in what might be known as a “mixed jurisdiction," like in Sri Lanka, Quebec, Scotland and South Africa.
`
`This article tries to explain these two systems and to distinguish the fundamental difference between
`
`common law and civil law based on their methods of thought and attitudes towards the law as a legal
`syste m.
`
`The source of law remains the main source of difference between common law and civil law. Even
`
`though common law frameworks make reference to statute law, case law or judicial precedents
`
`remain to be the most important source of law, which givesjudges a dynamic part in creating rules. In
`
`civil
`
`law system, extensive reference is made to codes and statutes that are designed to cover all
`
`eventualities, and thejudges tend to have a much-limited role to play in terms of applying the codified
`
`law to particular situations. Thus precedents of case laws would only be used as mere guidelines.
`
`Accordingly, when cases are heard under the civil
`
`law legal systems, the judges act simply as
`
`http://pediaa.com/difference-between—common-law—and-ciViI—law/
`
`1/1 8/201 8
`
`
`
`
`
`Difference Between Common Law and Civil Law I Comparison of methods of thought, 1e... Page 2 of 7
`
`investigators, while in common-law systems, the judges seem to hold a more prominent role by
`
`acting as arbitrators between the two conflicting parties.
`
`COMMON LAW
`VERSUS
`
`CIVIL LAW
`
`Common law is not
`codified
`
`Civil law is a codified
`set of laws
`
`Judicial precedents
`are binding
`
`Iudicial precedents
`are not binding
`
`
`
`Iudges make rulings,
`set precedent, and
`moderate between
`the conflicting
`parties
`
`Iudge’s role is to
`establish the facts of
`the case and to apply
`the provisions of the
`applicable code
`
`Main source is
`
`judicial precedents
`or case law
`
`Statutes and other
`
`subsidiary
`legislations are the
`main sources
`
`An adversarial
`system
`
`An inquisitorial
`system
`
`lP’eda'tmcom
`
`,,
`
`\
`
`.-.rl,.,i,,:,.
`
`i.“
`
`Common law is largely uncodified. This implies that there is no complete compilation of legal
`
`principles and statutes. Thus a common law system is less prescriptive than a civil law system. While
`
`common law relies on few statutes, which are a result of the decisions of the legislative authority, it is
`
`extensively based on precedents or the judicial decisions made in comparable cases — generally the
`
`decisions of higher courts, which entrust thejudges of the common law system with enormous role in
`
`shaping the law. For instance, the elements expected to demonstrate the crime of homicide are
`
`contained in the case law, as opposed to the law characterized by statute. To ensure uniformity,
`
`courts follow the precedents set by higher courts in cases dealing with similar matters.
`
`http ://pediaa.com/difference-between—common-law-and-civil-law/
`
`1/1 8/201 8
`
`
`
`Difference Between Common Law and Civil Law | Comparison of methods of thought, 16... Page 3 of 7
`
`These precedents are recorded and are documented as case laws through yearbooks, and legal
`
`reports. Common law functions as an adversarial system where the judge acts as a moderator
`
`between the two conflicting parties.
`
`Common law systems can be seen in the previous English colonies such as Australia, India, Sri Lanka,
`
`Canada and the United States. Common law lawyers claim that their system is more flexible since it
`
`can adjust to circumstances without any legislative interference.
`
`
`
`law is codified and has its origin in the
`The civil
`Roman Law. Countries with civil
`law frameworks
`
`have a wide-ranging and a constantly updated legal
`
`principles that encompass all matters fit for being
`
`brought before a court — the relevant procedures,
`
`and the fitting punishment for every offense. Such
`
`Combine PDF Files (Free)
`law:
`of
`classes
`distinctive
`recognize
`codes
`Streamline YourDocumems
`substantive law builds up which acts are liable to
`criminal or civil prosecution; the procedural
`law a» 23:?ch{31/ ngvynllagalhcfigiiime
`lays down the rules for determining if a specific
`
`activity constitutes a criminal act, while the penal
`
`http://pediaa.com/difference-between-common—law—and—ciViI-law/
`
`1/1 8/201 8
`
`
`
`
`
`Difference Between Common Law and Civil Law | Comparison of methods of thought, 1e... Page 4 of 7
`
`code specifies the punishments and penalties for certain acts. In a civil law system, the judge's part is
`
`to build up the facts of the case and to apply the statute law, thus making legislative enactments
`
`binding. Although a judge brings the formal charges, investigates the matter, and provided the verdict
`
`on the case, he or she functions within a framework of codified and structured legal rules and
`
`principles. Thus it could be stated that thejudge's role in shaping the law choice is subsequently less
`
`significant in the civil law systems, compared to the legislators and the legal jurists who have the
`
`authority to draft and interpret the codes.
`
`Countries which were former French, Dutch, German, Spanish or Portuguese colonies, including much
`
`of Central and South America and most of the Central and Eastern European and East Asian countries
`
`law structure. A civil
`also follow a civil
`common law framework.
`
`law framework is by and large more prescriptive than a
`
`Legal personalities in civil-law jurisdictions believe that their system is more steady and reasonable
`
`than common-law systems since the laws are expressed explicitly and are easier to determine in civil
`
`jurisdictions.
`
`
`
`
`
`Common Law: Common law is not codified.
`
`Civil Law: Civil law is a codified set of laws.
`
`judicial Decisions
`
`Common Law: Thejudicial precedents are binding.
`
`http://pediaa.com/difference-between—common-law—and-civil-law/
`
`1/18/201 8
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`Difference Between Common Law and Civil Law | Comparison of methods of thought, le... Page 5 of 7
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`Civil Law:Judicial precedents are not considered to be binding.
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`Common Law: Thejudges make rulings, set precedent and moderate between the conflicting parties.
`
`Civil Law: The judge's role is to establish the facts of the case and to apply the provisions of the
`
`applicable code.
`
`Common Law: The main source isjudicial precedents or case law.
`
`Civil Law: Statutes and other subsidiary legislations are the main sources.
`
`Court Practice
`
`Common Law: The court practice is an adversarial system.
`
`Civil Law: The court practice is an inquisitorial system.
`
`Reference:
`
`Key Features of Common Law or Civil Law Systems. (/7. 01). Retrieved August 09, 2076, from
`
`What is the difference between common and civil law? (20 73). Retrieved August 09, 2076, from
`
`The Common Law and Civil Law Traditions. (n.d.). Retrieved August 09, 2076, from
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