throbber
Trademark Trial and Appeal Board Electronic Filing System. http://estta.uspto.gov
`
`ESTTA Tracking number:
`
`ESTTA1088740
`
`Filing date:
`
`10/14/2020
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`Proceeding
`
`Applicant
`
`88625423
`
`Hungry Pet Nutrition LLC
`
`Applied for Mark
`
`SUPERFOODS FOR SUPERDOGS
`
`Correspondence
`Address
`
`Submission
`
`Attachments
`
`Filer's Name
`
`Filer's email
`
`Signature
`
`Date
`
`MOLLY B MARKLEY
`YOUNG BASILE HANLON & MACFARLANE PC
`3001 WEST BIG BEAVER
`SUITE 624
`TROY, MI 48084-3107
`UNITED STATES
`Primary Email: docketing@youngbasile.com
`Secondary Email(s): kayvon@youngbasile.com, markley@youngbasile.com
`248-649-3333
`
`Appeal Brief
`
`01138558.PDF(220842 bytes )
`01138344.PDF(399233 bytes )
`01138345.PDF(2091874 bytes )
`01138346.PDF(2846771 bytes )
`01138347.PDF(243561 bytes )
`01138349.PDF(795113 bytes )
`01138350.PDF(2765442 bytes )
`01138351.PDF(404493 bytes )
`01138361.PDF(1788024 bytes )
`01138352.PDF(336772 bytes )
`01138353.PDF(1433186 bytes )
`01138354.PDF(273172 bytes )
`01138355.PDF(2705420 bytes )
`01138356.PDF(1128655 bytes )
`01138365.PDF(1003215 bytes )
`
`Molly B. Markley
`
`markley@youngbasile.com
`
`/Molly B. Markley/
`
`10/14/2020
`
`

`

`HPET- IOU—TM
`
`Serial Number 88625423
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`Applicant:
`
`Trademark:
`
`HUNGRY PET NUTRITION LLC
`
`SUPERFOODS FOR SUPERDOGS
`
`Serial Number:
`
`88625423
`
`Filing Date:
`
`September 20, 2019
`
`Examining Attorney:
`
`Miroslav Novakovic
`
`Law Office No. 108
`
`To:
`
`Commissioner for Trademarks
`
`PO. BOX 1451
`
`Alexandria, VA 22313—1451
`
`APPLICANTS APPEAL BRIEF
`
`This is an appeal of the Examining Attorney’s final refusal to register Appiicant’s above—
`
`identified mark in the Final Office Action dated January l9, 2020. Applicant respectfully
`
`requests the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board to reverse the Examining Attorney’s decision.
`
`ISSUE:
`
`Whether Applicant’s mark SUPERFOODS FOR SUPERDOGS is
`
`iikely to cause
`
`confusion in the marketplace with the mark SUPERFOOD SNACKS FOR DOGS in US.
`
`Registration No. 5724123.
`
`FACTS:
`
`The application to register Applicant’s mark was filed on September 20, 2019. The
`
`Examiner refused reconsideration of the refusal. On December 3, 2019 the Examining Attorney
`
`issued an Office Action refusing registration of Applicant’s mark based on the prior U.S.
`
`Registration No. 5724123. Applicant filed its response on December 21, 2019 submitting
`
`{YBzOIBSlSSDDCX }
`
`

`

`HPET—lOO—TM
`
`Serial Number 88625423
`
`arguments that there was no likelihood of confusion. On January 19, 2020, the Examining
`
`Attorney issued the Final Office Action. Applicant fiied an amendment to the drawing and
`
`limitation of the goods in its Request for Reconsideration on January 27, 2019. On February 18,
`
`2020, the Examining Attorney denied the Request for Reconsideration. On April 10, 2020,
`
`Applicant filed another Request for Reconsideration with additional supporting evidence to show
`
`the widespread use of the shared term SUPERFOOD in the industry. Again, the Examiner
`
`denied the Request on May 12, 2020 indicating Applicant did not show use of the term in
`
`Applicant’s industry. On July 15, 2020, Applicant submitted another Request for
`
`Reconsideration with additionai evidence showing the use of the shared term in the pet industry
`
`specifically. Additionally, Applicant filed a Notice of Appeal. On August 12, 2020, the
`
`Examiner denied the Request. Accordingly, on August 19, 2020, this Appeal resumed.
`
`ARGUMENTS:
`
`The Examining Attorney has refused registration of applicant’s mark SUPERFOODS
`
`FOR SUPERDOGS based on the prior application for the mark SUPERFOOD SNACKS FOR
`
`DOGS. While Applicant can understand the reasoning of the Examining Attorney, Applicant
`
`submits that there is no likelihood of confusiou due to the differences in the marks.
`
`0 The common term, “Superfood” is weak and widely used in connection
`
`with the goods: The shared term “superfood(s)” is widely used in the
`
`marketplace and the scope of protection afforded to a “weak” term is limited
`
`so that others can use the term when combined with other matter.
`
`a The addition of SUPERDOGS is unique and is enough to distinguish the
`
`marks from one another: The addition of the SUPERDOGS to the mark and
`
`the lack of use of the term “snacks” is enough to create a different commercial
`
`{YB:01138153.DOCX }
`
`

`

`HPET— iOO-TM
`
`Serial Number 88625423
`
`impressiou and avoid confusion in the marketplace.
`
`There are several factors used to determine whether likelihood of confusion exists
`
`between two marks. Primarily, the factors include the similarity of the marks in their entirety as
`
`to appearance, sound, connotation, and commercial impression, the similarities of the goods and
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`services, the similarity of the trade channels, sophistication of the purchaser, the strength of the
`
`prior mark, the number and nature of similar marks used on similar goods/services, any actual
`
`confusion, and other factors probative of the effects of use. In re Dapom‘ de Nemonrs and
`
`Company, 177 USPQ 563 (CCPA 1973).
`
`I.
`
`The term shared by both marks is a relatively weak term.
`
`The Examining Attorney determined that confusion was likely between the marks
`
`because the Examiner believes that the marks are similar in sight, sound, appearance and
`
`commercial impression due to the fact that both marks contain the term “superfoods” and “for
`
`...dogs”. However, the only similarity between the marks is the use of this highly descriptive
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`and widely used term.
`
`The Board has stated that it is settled that:
`
`Highly suggestive terms, because of their obvious connotation and
`
`possible frequent employment in a particular trade as part of trade
`designations, have been considered to fall within the category of
`“weak” marks, and that the scope of the protection afforded to these
`marks have been so limited as to permit the use and/or registration
`of the same mark for different goods or a composite mark
`encompassing this term plus other matter whether such matter be
`equally suggestive or even descriptive ofrhe same or similar goods.
`Industrial Adhesive Company v Borden, Inc, 218 USPQ 645 (TTAB
`
`E983) emphasis added, quoting Standard Brands Inc. v. Peters, 191
`
`USPQ. 168, 172 (TTAB 1975).
`
`{vaonaszssoocx }
`
`

`

`HPET— ZOO—TM
`
`Seriai Number 88625423
`
`In Industrial Adhesive, the Board found that no likelihood of confusion exists between the
`
`mark WONDER BOND PLUS for adhesives and the mark BOND PLUS for adhesives. The Board
`
`stated that:
`
`Despite the certain obvious similarities in the appearance, sound and
`connotation (i.e., the fact that Opposer’s mark “BOND PLUS” is
`
`completely encompassed within the Applicant’s “WONDER
`BOND PLUS”, the latter only differing by a somewhat laudatory
`prefix term “wonder”),
`the Board does not believe
`that
`
`contemporaneous use of these marks would be likely to cause
`confusion or mistake. This is primarily because Opposer’s “BOND
`PLUS” mark is so highly suggestive products that
`it may be
`regarded as a ‘weak’ mark such that addition of other matter even of
`
`in our judgment, be
`a suggestive or laudatory character would,
`capable of distinguishing “BOND PLUS” from other adhesive
`marks in the mind of the consuming public. Id, at 951.
`
`In re Melaro v Pfizer, Inc, 214 USPQ 645 (TTAB 1982), the Court found no likelihood
`
`of confusion exists by the use of the mark SILK for bath and body creams, lotions, oils,
`
`cosmetics and other beauty products and the mark POLYSILK and SILKSTICK also for lotions
`
`and lipsticks. In coming to this decision, the Court found that there were a large number of third
`
`parties who have adopted and use marks containing the word “silk” or a derivation of the work
`
`“silk” for cosmetics or related products.
`
`Again, in Rocket Trademark Pty. Ltd, v. Phard S.p.A., 98 USPQ 2d 1066 (TTAB 2011),
`
`the Board determined that no confusion was likely between the marks ZU ELEMENTS and
`
`ELEMENT, both used on identical goods. The Board considered numerous third—party
`
`registrations incorporating the term “element” on simiiar goods in concluding that the marks
`
`were not simiiar. They found that “element” was “weak” and the additional terms were enough
`
`to distinguish the marks.
`
`{YB:01138153.DOCX }
`
`

`

`HPET— IOU—TM
`
`Serial Number 88625423
`
`In the case at hand, the common portions of the marks are the terms “superfood(s)” and
`
`“for.” With reference to the Examiner’s evidence in the Office Action dated December 3, 2019,
`
`(resubmitted herein as Exhibit 1), the term “superfoods” is defined as “foods that are thought to
`
`be nutritionaily dense and thus good for one’s heath.” Additionally, the term “superfood” is
`
`widely used and disclaimed in numerous U.S. registrations for use in connection with food
`
`products (TESS records resubmitted herein as Exhibits 2 and 3) and is a widely used term in the
`
`relevant field of pet food by others in the industry (submitted herewith as Exhibits 4~i3).
`
`The CAFC most recently affirmed this principle in Juice Generation, Inc. v. GS Enters.
`
`LLC, 115 U.S.P.Q.2d 1671, 1672 (Fed. Cir. 2015). In reversing a finding of likely confusion
`
`between use of the marks PEACE LOVE AND JUICE & Design for juice bars and PEACE
`
`LOVE for restaurants, the Court concluded that the Board did not adequately weigh the
`
`weakness of the opposer’s mark in Eight of the substantial number of third—party registered marks
`
`incorporating the phrase “Peace and Love.” The Court discounted the lack of evidence on the
`
`extent and impact of such use, finding evidence of third—party registrations “powerful on its face”
`
`to Show “the phrase PEACE & LOVE carries a suggestive or descriptive connotation.” 115
`
`U.S.P.Q.2d at 1674. Accord, Jack Wolfskin Ausmstungfu Draussen GmbH & Co. KGaA v. New
`
`Millenium Sports, S.L.U., 116 U.S.P.Q.2d 1129, 1131 (Fed. Cir. 20i5) (Board erroneously
`
`discounted third—party registrations and use of marks with paw print designs and the consequent
`
`“relatively narrow scope of protection afforded to marks involving paw prints”).
`
`Due to the frequent use in the marketplace, the SUPERFOOD portion of the mark is not a
`
`strong or dominant feature of the mark in itself and, therefore should not be entitled to broad
`
`protection against marks that differ in wording. Fleerwood Co. v. Mende, 132 U.S.P.Q. 458
`
`(CCPA 1962) (“Where a party uses a weak mark, his competitors may come cioser to his mark
`
`{YB:01135153.DOCX }
`
`

`

`HPET—lOO-TM
`
`Serial Number 88625423
`
`than would be the case with a strong mark without violating his rights”); In re Broadway
`
`Chicken, Inc, 38 U.S.P.Q.Zd 1559, 1565—66 (TTAB 1996) (Evidence of widespread third-party
`
`use, in a particular field, of marks containing a certain shared term is competent to suggest that
`
`purchasers have been conditioned to look to the other elements of the marks as a means of
`
`distinguishing the source of goods or services in the field”).
`
`Widespread use of the term “superfood(s)” on marks used in connection with food
`
`products has weakened the term as an indicator of source. Marks using the term “superfood” for
`
`food therefore should not be entitled to broad protection against noncompetitive uses or against
`
`marks that differ in wording. Fleerwood Co. v. Mende, 132 U.S.P.Q. 458 (CCPA 1962) (“Where
`
`a party uses a weak mark, his competitors may come closer to his mark than would he the case
`
`with a strong mark without violating his rights”); In re Hafiz Hotel Services, Inc, 102
`
`U.S.P.Q.2d 1150, 1154 (TTAB 2012) (“the addition of other matter to a laudatory or suggestive
`
`word may be enough to distinguish it from another mar ”); In re Broadway Chicken, Inc, 38
`
`U.S.P.Q.Zd 1559, 1565—66 (TTAB 1996) (“Evidence of widespread third—party use, in a
`
`particular field, of marks containing a certain shared term is competent to suggest that purchasers
`
`have been conditioned to look to the other elements of the marks as a means of distinguishing the
`
`source of goods or services in the field”).
`
`The cited mark is a very weak mark and, while deserving of protection from the use of
`
`confusingly similar marks, it does not warrant the prohibition of common terms used to describe
`
`the goods. The cited mark is SUPERFOOD SNACKS FOR DOGS with “snacks for dogs”
`
`disclaimed as generic, leaving the “superfood” portion the only protectable aspect of the mark.
`
`However, in light of the Examiner’s evidence and evidence of third—party use of the term, it
`
`seems that others should be allowed to use the term “superfood” when their product falls under
`
`{Y5201138153DDCX }
`
`

`

`HPET-lOO-TM
`
`Serial Number 88625423
`
`this product category. Applicant submits its goods are intended to be nutritionally dense foods
`
`(superfoods) and has disclaimed the term apart from the mark as shown. The use of this term,
`
`while identical to the term in the cited mark, does not act as a strong indicator of source so that
`
`customers would see the term “superfood” and somehow believe the products originate from the
`
`same source. More likely, a customer seeing the use of this common term would believe the
`
`goods are or contain superfoods or are nutritionally dense. The addition other matter to
`
`Applicant’s mark and other differences in the marks is enough to distinguish the marks in the
`
`marketplace.
`
`11.
`
`When viewed in their entirety, the marks look different, sound different, have
`different meanings and give a different commercial impression.
`
`The Courts have also reiterated the point that in determining similarity, the marks should
`
`be viewed in their entirety and as they appear in the marketplace. As a generai rule, “a
`
`subsequent user may not appropriate an entire mark of another as part of a composite mark
`
`where that portion is the recognizable and dominant feature of the whole and that portion which
`
`serves to create the commercial impression of the entirety.” Miller Brewing Company v Premier
`
`Beverages, Ina, 2I0 USPQ 43 (TTAB 1981). In Miller Brewing Company, the Court found that
`
`the mark OL’ BOB MILLER’S for soft drinks does not so resemble MILLER for beer as to be
`
`likely to cause confusion. In this case, the Court stated:
`
`”...the creation of a composite mark featuring the mark of another or
`
`surrounded or embeilished by descriptive or otherwise subordinate
`
`matter may not serve to conceal that mark so that confusion will not
`
`be likely to occur. But, as stated in Wyeth v Ingim Laboratories,
`
`Inc, 83 USPQ 326 (COMR 1949), ...where a word comprising a
`registered or known mark ‘or a substantial portion thereof’
`is
`
`combined with other features... that similarity in sound, appearance
`
`{YB:01138153.DOCX }
`
`

`

`HPETM lOO-TM
`
`Serial Number 88625423
`
`or meaning is lacking, it should be registered even though that
`portion considered alone would ciosely resemble it.” Id, at 48.
`
`Further, the Courts have stated that marks should be compared in their entirety and not be
`
`dissected. See Jet, Inc. v Sewage Aeration Systems, 49 USPQ2d 1355 (6‘h Cir.1999).
`
`In Little Caesar Enterprises, Inc. 1) Pizza Caesar, Inn, 4 USPQ2d 1942 (6th Cir. 1987),
`
`the Court found that no confusion was likely between the mark LITTLE CAESAR’S for carry
`
`out pizza outlets and PIZZA CAESAR USA for sit down Italian restaurants. The Court focused
`
`on the impression the mark makes as a whole and not the component parts of the mark. The
`
`Court cited Long John Distilleries, Ltd. v Sazerac C0,, 166 USPQ 30 (CCPA 1970), in which the
`
`similarity between FIRE JOHN for brandy and LONG JOHN for scotch whiskey was held not to
`
`cause confusion. The Court in Long John stated:
`
`“The Board found that
`
`third~party registrations of record are
`
`themselves sufficient to establish that the word ‘john’ has been so
`
`frequently used as a part of distilled beverage marks that it is
`
`incapable of indicating origin in any One source and that
`
`the
`
`substantial goodwill
`
`in the mark ‘LONG IOI—IN’ acquired by
`
`appellant over years of use and promotion resides in the unitary
`
`mark. Further, the Board was of the opinion that, considered in their
`
`entireties, the differences in sound, appearance, and commercial
`
`impression of the two marks are obvious and one is in no way
`
`suggestive of the other.”
`
`The Court in Little Caesar found that the word “Caesar” was frequently used with things that were
`
`Italian, inciuding Italian food, and that when viewed in their entireties, the marks sound and look
`
`different.
`
`Here, while a component of Applicant’s mark is similar to the cited mark, the marks are
`
`sufficiently different when viewed in their entirety. When viewing Appticant’s mark, consumers
`
`{YB:01138153.DOCX }
`
`

`

`HPET— IOO—TM
`
`Serial Number 88625423
`
`will not View the only common term “superfood(s)” but will View the mark in its entirety to
`
`include the other distinguishing elements of the mark. The addition of the SUPERDOGS to the
`
`highly suggestive term “superfoods” is enough to differentiate the marks from one another.
`
`While the term “super” can sometimes be considered laudatory, it is also considered distinctive,
`
`as shown in several US. registrations for marks containing SUPERDOG in the mark (TESS
`
`records resubmitted as Exhibit 14). The addition of “super” to “dogs” and the lack of use of
`
`“snacks” in Applicant’s mark is a significant change in the sound and appearance of the marks.
`
`The marks appear different. Applicant’s mark is made up of three words with two words
`
`containing “super” and the cited mark is made with four words with “super” present in only one
`
`word. Additionally, the term “superfood” is used as a descriptor for “snacks” instead of a noun
`
`as it is used in the Applicant’s mark. Applicant’s mark does not contain the term “snacks” and
`
`the cited mark does not contain the term “superdogs.”
`
`The marks also sound significantly different. In addition to the different wording,
`
`Applicants mark uses alliteration with the repetition of “super” and the cited mark does not.
`
`When viewed, the consumer sees Applicant’s dominant portion of the mark as “Super. . .for
`
`Super. . .”. This distinctive element of Applicant’s mark is not present in the cited registration
`
`and is what gives the marks a different commercial impression. The differences in the marks is
`
`enough to distinguish the marks from one another, especially since the similarity of the marks
`
`stems from the common use of a high suggestive term.
`
`CONCLUSION:
`
`Applicant’s mark SUPERFOODS FOR SUPERDOGS is not likely to cause confusion with
`
`the cited mark SUPERFOOD SNACKS FOR DOGS. The common term “superfood(s)” is highly
`
`descriptive and widely used in connection with marks used on food products. The Cited Mark
`
`{YB:on38153.Docx }
`
`

`

`HPET— KOO—TM
`
`Seriaf Number 88625423
`
`disclaims terms “for dogs” as they are not protectable. Applicant’s use of SUPERDOGS is
`
`distinctive and gives the mark a unique alliteration quality when combined with SUPERFOODS.
`
`Applicant’s submits its mark can co—exist with the cited mark based on the differences in the marks.
`
`Accordingiy, Applicant submits no confusion is likely to occur and respectfully requests the mark
`
`be allowed for pubiicatiou.
`
`Dated: October 14, 2020
`
`Respectfully submitted,
`
`By: {Molly B. Markiey/
`Molly B. Markley
`Registration No.: 54187
`YOUNG BASILE HANLON & MACFARLANE, RC
`3001 West Big Beaver Rd.
`Suite 624
`
`Troy, Michigan 48084
`(248) 6498333
`
`Attorney for Applicant
`
`{YB:01138153.£JOCX }
`
`

`

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`4110:7020
`
`Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS)
`
`United States Patent and Trademark Office
`
`Home Site Index Search FAQ Glossary Contacts eBusiness eBiz alerts News
`
`Trademarks > Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS)
`
`TESS was last updated on Fri Apr 10 03:47:22 EDT 2020
`
`
`
`
`
`[giggly Please logout when you are done to release system resources allocated for you.
`
`i§i§ii List At:
`
`OR [93911- to record:
`
`Record 27 out of 299
`
`{ Use the "Back" button of the Internet Browser to return to
`
` -" Peruvian Super-Foods
`
`Word Mark SUPERU FOODS PERUVIAN SUPERFOODS
`
`Goods and IC 029. US 046. G & S: Dried fruits in powder form; Dried vegetables in powder form
`Services
`
`IC 030. US 046. G & S: Cocoa
`
`Mark
`
`Drawing
`Code
`
`Design
`Search
`Code
`
`(3) DESIGN PLUS WORDS, LETTERS, AND/OR NUMBERS
`
`02.11.01 - Hearts excluding hearts as carriers or depicted on playing cards
`26.01.21 ~ Circles that are totally or partially shaded.
`26.01.31 - Circles - five or more ; Five or more circles
`26.17.01 - Bands. straight : Bars, straight ; Lines, straight ; Straight line(s). band(s) or bar(s)
`26.17.06 - Bands, diagonal ; Bars, diagonal ; Diagonal line(s). band(s) or baris) ; Lines, diagonal
`26.17.09 - Bands, curved ; Bars, curved ; Curved line(s), band(5) or bar(s) ; Lines, curved
`
`Serial
`Number
`
`88445113
`
`Filing Date May 24, 2019
`
`Current
`Baals
`
`44E
`
`Original
`.
`Filing Basis 44D‘44E
`Published
`for
`
`December 24, 2019
`
`Opposition
`
`Registration 6005686
`Number
`
`Regis‘rati“ March 10, 2020
`Date
`
`Owner
`
`(REGISTRANT) RFCAR S.R.L. Rafael Fernandez Concha, a citizen of Peru SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP PERU Ca
`Victoriano Castillo 125 Mirafiores Lima PERU 15074
`
`tmsearch.uspto.govfbinlshowfield'?%doc&state=4802:hyroix.2.27
`
`1;;
`
`

`

`4/1Dl2020
`
`Attorney of W Wan
`Record
`
`Prim”
`Date
`
`March 28, 2019
`
`Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS)
`
`Disclaimer NO CLAIM IS MADE TO THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO use ”FOODS" AND "PERUVIAN SUPERFOODS“ APART
`FROM THE MARK AS SHOWN
`
`Description The color(s) dark green and light green islare claimed as a feature of the mark. The mark consists of the wording
`of Mark
`"SUPERU FOODS" in cur

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