553;». ="=<i-"-1‘::"/’.x?O*‘aj:
`
`Request for Reconsideration after Final Action
`
`
`
`SERIAL NUMBER
`
`85088266
`
`LAW OFFICE 11 1
`1I;’;g¥G%I‘$CE
`MARK SECTION (no change)
`
`ARGUMENT(S)
`
`REQUEST FOR RECONSIDERATION
`
`WW
`
`In the Final Office Action dated February 1, 2011, registration was refused under 15 U.S.C. §
`
`1052(e)(1) stating that Applicant’s mark, MINI-HYBRID, merely describes the primary purpose of
`
`Applicant’s goods identified in this application. Applicant seeks to register the mark MINI-HYBRID
`
`for use in connection with “cooling fan systems for engines” in International Class 7 (“Applicant’s
`
`Goods”). Applicant respectfully disagrees with the analysis in the Office Action, and requests
`
`reconsideration of the refusal based on the following remarks and supporting evidence presented
`
`herewith.
`
`Definitions Relied Upon by Examiner
`
`The Feb. 1, 2011 Office Action defined “hybrid” as “anything made up of two or more elements” and
`
`“mini” as “anything that is miniature, or smaller than is usual.” Applicant respectfully disagrees with
`
`the definitions relied upon by the Examining Attorney and how the defined terms are applied to
`
`Applicant’s goods.
`
`Eh/fl‘1'_<i
`
`The Office Action relied upon a definition listed in the Oxford Dictionaries for “hybrid” as “a thing
`
`made by combining two different elements.” This definition is overbroad when taken in context and
`
`applied literally would render Virtually anything in existence that is comprised of more than one atomic
`
`

`
`: E §§ l E i ! 1
`
`,
`
`element a “hybrid.” For example, under the referenced definition, water would be a “hybrid” of
`
`hydrogen and oxygen. Taken further, every machine (defined as “an assemblage of parts that transmit
`
`forces, motion, and energy one to another in a predetermined manner”) would be a “hybrid” and the
`
`term would lose all of its meaning, especially in the context of engines used in vehicles. Thus, a more
`
`narrow definition of “hybrid” is appropriate for the purposes of the present descriptiveness analysis.
`
`The Society of Automotive Engineers (“SAE”) is a standards development organization for the
`
`engineering of self-powered vehicles of all kinds, including cars, trucks, buses, boats, aircraft, and
`
`others. SAE provides a forum for companies, government agencies, educational institutions and
`
`consultants to agree on technical standards for the worldwide vehicle mobility industry. SAE publishes
`
`more than 1,600 technical standards that are widely used in the transportation industry. One such
`
`standard is “(R) Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) & Electric Vehicle (EV) Terminology,” a copy of
`
`which is submitted herewith. SAE J] 715, Rev. Feb. 2008. The standard’s purpose “is to provide a
`
`record of commonly used terminology established by the technical community involved in writing
`
`practices and information reports for HEVs and EVs.” Id Section 4 of the standard is titled “Hybrid
`
`Electric Vehicle (HEV) Terminology.” Id. It defines “Hybrid” as “[a] vehicle with two or more
`
`energy storage systems both of which must provide propulsion power — either together or
`
`independently.” Id. The most common type of hybrid vehicle is one in which power is delivered to the
`
`driven wheels by a combination of an internal combustion engine and electric motors powered by a
`
`i iE l3 l l lE i l§ §: l l l ir
`
`series of batteries.
`
`Here, the product being sold under the MINI-HYBRID mark is installed on a bus with a traditional,
`
`single propulsion system involving an internal combustion engine. The MINI-HYBRID cooling fan
`
`system does not provide any propulsion power to the bus. Nor does the installation of the MINI-
`
`HYBRID system cause the bus to have more than one system providing propulsion to the bus. Rather,
`
`the MINI-HYBRID cooling system reduces the energy load on the single propulsion engine by
`
`replacing a cooling system that runs on the bus’s hydraulic system with one that runs through a more
`
`efficient electrical, non-propulsive, system. It should also be noted that although busses have hydraulic
`
`systems, the hydraulic system does not provide propulsion to the vehicle, so the presence of the
`
`hydraulic system does not render the bus a hybrid. Hydraulic systems on busses typically control things
`
`like the brakes, and systems allowing the bus to “kneel” by lowering the front suspension of the bus to
`
`allow passengers to easily enter and exit the bus. Thus, busses that have the MINI-HYBRID system
`
`

`
`
`
`installed do not fall under the SAE definition of “Hybrid.” Applicant’s use of the term HYBRID does
`
`not describe an aspect or characteristic of the product because the MINI-HYBRID system does not
`
`convert a traditional bus into a hybrid bus, and vehicles where the MINI-HYBRID system is installed
`
`are not, nor will ever be, hybrid vehicles under the SAE definition.
`
`Mini
`
`The Oxford Dictionaries definition of “mini” relied upon in the Office Action does not include the
`
`phrase “smaller than is usual.” The definition listed in the Oxford Dictionaries reads in full: “denoting
`
`a miniature version of something.” Applicant did not find any definitions of “mini” that include the
`
`phrase “smaller than is usual.”
`
`The Office Action relied on the “smaller than is usual” language to highlight the difference in size
`
`between the single, hydraulically driven fan present on many existing bus cooling systems, and the
`
`multiple, smaller fans present in the MINI-HYBRID system. Cooling fans come in a wide variety of
`
`sizes, however, and to suggest that the single, hydraulically driven fan present on many existing bus
`
`cooling systems is a “usual” size cooling fan does not accurately describe cooling fan sizes. There is
`
`no such thing as a “usual” size cooling fan.
`
`Indeed, cooling fans are used in a wide variety of
`
`applications where it is advantageous to cool one or more components of a system. For example, some
`
`very large cooling fans may be found on heavy equipment such as construction or mining trucks. Such
`
`fans may be several feet in diameter, much larger than the single cooling fan the MINI-HYBRID system
`
`replaces. On the other hand, nearly all computer systems include at least one cooling fan. Even the
`
`thinnest and smallest laptop computers include cooling fans, many with diameters less than 2”, much
`
`smaller than the fans present in the MINI-HYBRID system. The fans present in the MINI-HYBRID
`
`cooling system are somewhat smaller than the single fan being replaced, but to characterize them as
`
`“mini” is not a precise description.
`
`Thus, it is clear that the applied for MINI-HYBRID mark for a cooling fan system is not merely
`
`descriptive. The MINI-HYBRID system does not convert a non-hybrid bus into a hybrid bus, nor are
`
`the vehicles where the MINI-HYBRID system is installed hybrids, and the cooling fans present in the
`
`MINI-HYBRID system are not miniature. If anything, the term MINI-HYBRID merely suggests that
`
`the product will produce some of the benefits (better fuel economy) of a hybrid bus, without the great
`
`expense of purchasing a new expensive hybrid bus.
`
`

`
`CONCLUSION
`
`In View of the above remarks, Applicant believes that the application is now in condition for
`
`publication and requests notification of same. Applicant respectfully requests that the Examining
`
`Attorney telephone counsel for Applicant in the event that a telephone conference would expedite the
`
`processing of the application.
`
`EVIDENCE SECTION
`
`EVIDENCE FILE NAME(S)
`
`ORIGINALPDFFILE ievi 6752l3l30—lOl359837 . Surface Vehicle lnfo Re ort. df
`
`CONVERTED PDF
`
`FILE(S)
`(22 pages)
`
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`3”“”“”"”””“”"’”"””““"”"”"“””“"”“”””’””"”'”””"”“"””""'“”'”"""
`
`

`
`DESCRIPTION OF
`Surface Vehicle Information Report: (R) Hybrid Electric Vehicle
`
`EVIDENCE FILE
`& Electric Vehicle (EV) Terminology.
`iSIGNATURE SECTION
`i RESPONSE SIGNATURE i/ac1/
`l§IGNA'roRY's NAME
`1 Andrew C. Landsman
`
`iiiiiii
`
`{WWr_WAmmWmWWMWWW,mnmnMmWWWnWWWWWWWm._W.-wWmW,,,,1.
`
`AUTHORIZED
`SIGNATORY
`
`YES
`
`CONCURRENT APPEAL
`NOTICE FILED
`
`
`FILING INFORMATION SECTION SESEV
`A
`ESW
`MMWWWMWW
`SUBMIT DATE
`iWed Jul 20 12:07:32 EDT 2011
`
`YES
`
`WWW
`
`TEAS STAMP
`
`USPTO/RFR-67.52.13. 130-20
`1l0720120732913143-850882
`66-48031843017f26fea8661f
`039f4ae268c45-N/A-N/A-201
`
`§ 10720101359837695
`
`ME
`
`
`
`Request for Reconsideration after Final Action
`To the Commissioner for Trademarks:
`
`Application serial no. 85088266 has been amended as follows:
`
`ARGUMENT(S)
`
`In response to the substantive refusal(s), please note the following:
`
`RE§ QUEST FOR RECONSIDERATION
`
`In the Final Office Action dated February 1, 2011, registration was refused under 15 U.S.C. §
`
`1052(e)(1) stating that App1icant’s mark, MINI-HYBRID, merely describes the primary purpose of
`
`Applicant’s goods identified in this application. Applicant seeks to register the mark MINI-HYBRID for
`
`i
`
`’
`
`.
`
`.
`
`WWW” ““
`
`% Attorney ofrecord, Wisconsin bar member
`i 07/20/201 1
`
`E
`
`SIGNATORY'S
`
`
`
`POSITION
`DATE SIGNED
`
`

`
`use in connection with “cooling fan systems for engines” in lntemational Class 7 (“Applicant’s
`
`Goods”). Applicant respectfully disagrees with the analysis in the Office Action, and requests
`
`reconsideration of the refixsal based on the following remarks and supporting evidence presented herewith.
`
`Definitions Relied Upon by Examiner
`
`The Feb. 1, 2011 Office Action defined “hybrid” as “anything made up of two or more elements” and
`
`“mini” as “anything that is miniature, or smaller than is usual.” Applicant respectfully disagrees with the
`
`definitions relied upon by the Examining Attorney and how the defined terms are applied to Applicant’s
`
`goods.
`
`11%
`
`The Office Action relied upon a definition listed in the Oxford Dictionaries for “hybrid” as “a thing made
`
`by combining two different elements.” This definition is overbroad when taken in context and applied
`
`literally would render virtually anything in existence that is comprised of more than one atomic element a
`
`“hybrid.” For example, under the referenced definition, water would be a “hybrid” of hydrogen and
`
`oxygen. Taken further, every machine (defined as “an assemblage of parts that transmit forces, motion,
`
`and energy one to another in a predetermined manner”) would be a “hybrid” and the term would lose all
`
`of its meaning, especially in the context of engines used in vehicles. Thus, a more narrow definition of
`
`“hybrid” is appropriate for the purposes of the present descriptiveness analysis.
`
`The Society of Automotive Engineers (“SAE”) is a standards development organization for the
`
`engineering of self-powered vehicles of all kinds, including cars, trucks, buses, boats, aircraft, and others.
`
`SAE provides a forum for companies, government agencies, educational institutions and consultants to
`
`agree on technical standards for the worldwide vehicle mobility industry. SAE publishes more than 1,600
`
`technical standards that are widely used in the transportation industry. One such standard is “(R) Hybrid
`
`Electric Vehicle (HEV) & Electric Vehicle (EV) Terminology,” a copy of which is submitted herewith.
`
`SAE J] 715, Rev. Feb. 2008. The standard’s purpose “is to provide a record of commonly used
`
`terminology established by the technical community involved in writing practices and information reports
`
`for HEVs and EVs.” Id. Section 4 of the standard is titled “Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
`
`Terminology.” Id. It defines “Hybrid” as “[a] vehicle with two or more energy storage systems both of
`
`which must provide propulsion power — either together or independently.” Id. The most common type of
`
`hybrid vehicle is one in which power is delivered to the driven wheels by a combination of an internal
`
`

`
`combustion engine and electric motors powered by a series of batteries.
`
`Here, the product being sold under the MINI-HYBRID mark is installed on a bus with a traditional, single
`
`propulsion system involving an internal combustion engine. The MINI-HYBRID cooling fan system does
`
`not provide any propulsion power to the bus. Nor does the installation of the MINI-HYBRID system
`
`cause the bus to have more than one system providing propulsion to the bus. Rather, the MINI-HYBRID
`
`cooling system reduces the energy load on the single propulsion engine by replacing a cooling system that
`
`runs on the bus’s hydraulic system with one that runs through a more efficient electrical, non-propulsive,
`
`system. It should also be noted that although busses have hydraulic systems, the hydraulic system does
`
`not provide propulsion to the vehicle, so the presence of the hydraulic system does not render the bus a
`
`hybrid. Hydraulic systems on busses typically control things like the brakes, and systems allowing the bus
`
`to “kneel” by lowering the front suspension of the bus to allow passengers to easily enter and exit the bus.
`
`Thus, busses that have the MINI-HYBRID system installed do not fall under the SAE definition of
`
`“Hybrid.” Applicant’s use of the term HYBRID does not describe an aspect or characteristic of the
`
`product because the MINI-HYBRID system does not convert a traditional bus into a hybrid bus, and
`
`vehicles where the MINI-HYBRID system is installed are not, nor will ever be, hybrid vehicles under the
`
`SAE definition.
`
`Mini
`
`The Oxford Dictionaries definition of “mini” relied upon in the Office Action does not include the phrase
`
`“smaller than is usual.” The definition listed in the Oxford Dictionaries reads in full: “denoting a
`
`miniature version of something.” Applicant did not find any definitions of “mini” that include the phrase
`
`“smaller than is usual.”
`
`The Office Action relied on the “smaller than is usual” language to highlight the difference in size
`
`between the single, hydraulically driven fan present on many existing bus cooling systems, and the
`
`multiple, smaller fans present in the MINI-HYBRID system. Cooling fans come in a wide variety of
`
`sizes, however, and to suggest that the single, hydraulically driven fan present on many existing bus
`
`cooling systems is a “usual” size cooling fan does not accurately describe cooling fan sizes. There is no
`
`such thing as a “usual” size cooling fan.
`
`Indeed, cooling fans are used in a wide Variety of applications
`
`where it is advantageous to cool one or more components of a system. For example, some very large
`
`cooling fans may be found on heavy equipment such as construction or mining trucks. Such fans may be
`
`

`
`several feet in diameter, much larger than the single cooling fan the MINI-HYBRID system replaces. On
`
`the other hand, nearly all computer systems include at least one cooling fan. Even the thinnest and
`
`smallest laptop computers include cooling fans, many with diameters less than 2”, much smaller than the
`
`fans present in the MINI-HYBRID system. The fans present in the MINI-HYBRID cooling system are
`
`somewhat smaller than the single fan being replaced, but to characterize them as “mini” is not a precise
`
`description.
`
`Thus, it is clear that the applied for MINI-HYBRID mark for a cooling fan system is not merely
`
`descriptive. The MINI-HYBRID system does not convert a non-hybrid bus into a hybrid bus, nor are the
`
`vehicles where the MINI-HYBRID system is installed hybrids, and the cooling fans present in the MINI-
`
`HYBRID system are not miniature. If anything, the term MINI-HYBRID merely suggests that the
`
`product will produce some of the benefits (better fuel economy) of a hybrid bus, without the great expense
`
`of purchasing a new expensive hybrid bus.
`
`CONCLUSION
`
`In view of the above remarks, Applicant believes that the application is now in condition for
`
`publication and requests notification of same. Applicant respectfully requests that the Examining
`
`Attorney telephone counsel for Applicant in the event that a telephone conference would expedite the
`
`processing of the application.
`
`EVIDENCE
`
`Evidence in the nature of SAE Surface Vehicle Information Report: (R) Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) &
`Electric Vehicle (EV) Terminology. has been attached.
`Original PDF file:
`evi 6752 13130-101359837 . Surface Vehicle Info Re . 011. . df
`
`
`Converted PDF file(s) (22 pages)
`Evidence—1
`
`Evidence-2
`
`Evidcncc—3
`
`Evidence-4
`
`Evidence-5
`
`Evidence-6
`
`Evidence-7
`
`Evidence-8
`
`Evidc-:nce—9
`
`Evidence- l()
`
`Evidence—l 1
`
`Evidence- 12
`
`Evidence- 13
`
`

`
`Evidence-14
`
`Evidence- 1 5
`Evidence- 1 6
`
`Evidence-l 7
`
`Evidence- 1 8
`
`Evidencc- 19
`
`Evidence—20
`
`Evidence-21
`
`Evidence-22
`
`SIGNATURE(S)
`Request for Reconsideration Signature
`Signature: /ac1/ Date: 07/20/201 1
`Signatory's Name: Andrew C. Landsman
`Signatory's Position: Attorney of record, Wisconsin bar member
`
`The signatory has confirmed that he/she is an attorney who is a member in good standing of the bar of the
`highest court of a U.S. state, which includes the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and other federal
`territories and possessions; and he/she is currently the applicant's attorney or an associate thereof; and to
`the best of his/her knowledge, if prior to his/her appointment another U.S. attorney or a Canadian
`attomey/agent not currently associated with his/her company/firm previously represented the applicant in
`this matter: (1) the applicant has filed or is concurrently filing a signed revocation of or substitute power
`of attorney with the USPTO; (2) the USPTO has granted the request of the prior representative to
`withdraw; (3) the applicant has filed a power of attorney appointing him/her in this matter; or (4) the
`applicant's appointed U.S. attorney or Canadian attomey/agent has filed a power of attorney appointing
`him/her as an associate attorney in this matter.
`
`The applicant is filing a Notice of Appeal in conjunction with this Request for Reconsideration.
`
`Serial Number: 85088266
`
`Internet Transmission Date: Wed Jul 20 12:07:32 EDT 2011
`
`TEAS Stamp: USPTO/RFR-67.52.13.130-20110720120732913
`143-85088266-480318430l7f26fea866lf039f4
`ae268c45-N/A-N/A-2011072010l359837695
`
`

`
` SURFACE
`
` .~°p‘£_
`QAIE
`'
`" VEHICLE
`WE lnternat/ona/
`INFORMATION
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`J1715 FEB2008
`issued
`1994-o4
`Revised
`2008-02
`
`Superseding
`J1715 JUN2000
`
`
`
`REPORT
`
`(R) Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) & Electric Vehicle (EV) Terminology
`
`RATIONALE
`
`Document revised to include Hybrid Electric Vehicle terminology. Previous document only referenced Electric Vehicle
`
`FOREWORD
`
`This document is an ongoing effort to provide the technical community with the terminology used most frequently in the
`Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Electric Vehicle (EV) industry.
`
`1. SCOPE
`
`It is intended that this document be a
`This SAE Infonnation Report contains definitions for HEV and EV terminology.
`resource for those writing other HEV and EV documents. specifications, standards. or recommended practices.
`
`1.1
`
`Purpose
`
`The purpose of this document is to provide a record of commonly used terminology established by the technical
`community involved with writing practices and information reports for HEVs and Evs .
`
`1.2
`
`Field of Application
`
`This SAE information Report pertains to HEVs and EVs.
`
`1.3
`
`Product Classification
`
`information Report.
`
`1.4
`
`Product Description
`
`information Report containing commonly used terminology in the HEV and EV industry.
`
`SAE Techniml Standards Board Rules provide that ‘This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is
`entirely voluntary. and its applicability and suitabflity for any particular use. including any patent infringement arising therefrom. is the sole responaibiiy of the user.‘
`SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed. revised. or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.
`Copyright 0 2008 SAE International
`All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, seared in a retrieval system or transmitted,
`photocopying. recording. or otherwise. without the prior written permission of SAE.
`TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER:
`Tel:
`811-506-1323 (Inside USA and Canada)
`Tel:
`124-1184970 (outside USA)
`Fax:
`124-116-0190
`Email: Customerservlcefisamorg
`http:I/www.sae.org
`
`in any form or by any means. electronic. mechanical,
`
`SAE WEB ADDRESS:
`
`
`
`

`
`
`
`SAE - 2 - J1715 Revised FEB2008
`
`
`
`2. REFERENCES
`
`2.1 Applicable Publications
`
`The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the
`latest version of SAE publications shall apply.
`
`2.1.1
`
`NFPA Publication
`
`Available from the National Fluid Power Association, 3333 N. Mayfair Road, Suite 211, Milwaukee, WI 53222-3219, Tel:
`414-778-3344, www.nfQa.com.
`
`NFPA 30
`
`Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
`
`2.1.2
`
`Federal Publication
`
`Available from The Government Printing Offioe. wvvw.access.ggo.g9y/ga_rg_1/cfr.
`
`40 CFR paragraph 86.115-78
`
`Control of Emissions from New and In-Use Highway Vehicles and Engines
`
`2.2 Related Publications
`
`The following publications are provided for infonnation purposes only and are not a required part of this document.
`
`2.2.1
`
`SAE Publication
`
`Available from SAE lntemational, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside
`USA and Canada) or 724~776-4970 (outside USA). .
`
`SAE J670e
`
`Vehicle Dynamics Terminology, latest revision
`
`2.2.2
`
`institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Publication
`
`Available from the institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane. Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331, Tel:
`732-981-0060, www.ieee.o[_q.
`
`ANSI/lEEE 100
`
`Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronic Terms, latest revision
`
`2.2.3
`
`Japanese Electric Vehicle Society Publication
`
`Available from Japanese Electric Vehicle Association. evinfo@gw.ieva.or.ig.
`
`JEVS Z 805
`
`Glossary of Terms Relating to Electric Vehicles, latest revision
`
`2.2.4 National institute of Science and Technology (NIST) Publication
`
`institute of Standards and Technology. 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD
`Available from National
`20899-1070. Tel: 301 -975-6478, www.nist.gov.
`
`For definitions of Si units of measurement - mass, EMF. current, power, etc.
`
`2.2.5 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Publication
`
`Available from The Government Printing Office, wwvv.access.gpo.gov/mara/cfr.
`
`49 CFR Ch V, Section 571
`
`Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards
`
`

`
`SAE
`
`J1715 Revised FEB2008
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`— 3 -
`
`2.2.6
`
`SAND Publication
`
`Available from Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, www.sandia.gov.
`
`SAND88—2852 ' UC-212
`
`Glossary of Testing Terminology for Rechargeable Batteries. latest revision
`
`2.2.7
`
`USABC Publication
`
`Available from USCAR, 1000 Town Center Drive, Suite 300, Southfield, Ml A8075, Tel: 248-223-9000, wgscanorg.
`
`USABC Test Procedures Manual, latest revision
`
`3. ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) TERMINOLOGY
`
`3.1
`
`Active Material
`
`The constituents of a cell that participate in electrochemical charge/discharge reactions. This does not include separators,
`current collectors. catalysts or supports.
`
`3.2 Adequate Ventilation
`
`As defined in NFPA 30, ventilation is adequate if it is sufficient to prevent accumulation of hydrogen vapor-air mixtures in
`concentrations over one-fourth of the lower flammability limit.
`
`3.3 Air Clearance
`
`The shortest distance through air between two conductive parts.
`
`3.4 Aqueous Electrolyte Batteries
`
`Batteries with water—based electrolytes.
`
`r
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`3.5 Available or Deliverable Capacity
`
`The total ampere—hours that can be withdrawn from a fully charged cell or battery under specified operating conditions
`such as discharge rate, temperature, age, stand time, etc.
`
`3.6 Average Power (W)
`
`Total energy withdrawn (or returned) from (or to) a battery divided by the time of discharge (or charge).
`
`3.7 Average Voltage (V)
`
`The ratio of the watt-hours to ampere-hours for a given discharge or charge. Also known as current weighted voltage.
`
`3.8 Battery
`
`Electrochemical cells electrically connected in a series and/or parallel arrangement.
`
`3.9
`
`Battery Auxiliaries
`
`The components required to support the operation of a battery pack, such as a tray, watering subsystem, pumps or
`control electronics.
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`

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`SAE
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`71
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`evis cl FEB2008
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`-4-
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`3.10 Battery Cell
`
`An assembly of at least one positive electrode, one negative electrode. and other necessary electrochemical and
`structural components. A cell is a self-contained energy conversion device whose function is to deliver electrical energy
`to an external circuit via an internal chemical process.
`
`3.11 Battery ControllerlManagement System
`
`lt
`Electronic components needed to provide communications between the battery pack and other vehicle components.
`may also monitor andlor control other battery functions (watering, temperature, electrolyte flow. etc.).
`It may also provide
`an operator interface.
`
`3.12 Battery Module
`
`A grouping of interconnected cells in a single mechanical and electrical unit. Also known as battery monobloc.
`
`3.13 Battery Pack
`
`Interconnected battery modules that have been configured for a specific energy storage application.
`
`3.14 Battery System
`
`Completely functional energy storage system consisting of the pack(s) and necessary ancillary subsystems for physical
`support, thennal management. and electronic control.
`
`3.15 Battery System Components
`
`The components comprising a traction battery system in an electric vehicle. These include the battery modules.
`interconnects, venting systems, battery restraint devices. electronic controls, and the battery box or container that holds
`the individual battery modules.
`
`3.16 Battery System Density (kglL)
`
`Battery system mass divided by battery system volume.
`
`3.17 Battery System Mass Fraction
`
`Ratio of battery system weight to gross vehicle weight.
`
`3.18 Battery Volume (L)
`
`The volume of the battery. Cell. module, pack. or system should be specified. and should include the usable volume
`displaced.
`
`3.19 Battery Weight (KG)
`
`The weight of the battery. Cell, module, pack. or system.
`
`3.20 Breakdown
`
`The failure of the dielectric of an insulation due to the effects of an excessive electric field andlor physical or chemical
`deterioration of the dielectric material.
`
`

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`SAE
`
`3.21 C" (Ah)
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`J1715 Revised FEB2008
`
`- 5 -
`
`The capacity in ampere—hours obtained from a battery discharged at a constant current to an end~of-discharge condition
`(discharge cutoff voltage) in N hours. CM is established once and is not adjusted through the battery's life.
`
`3.22 Cu Hour Rate
`
`The constant current at which a fuliy charged battery can be discharged to its discharge cut-off voltage in N hours.
`
`3.23 CIN Rate (A)
`
`The capacity of the battery divided by the discharge time in hours that yields that capacity.
`
`3.24 Calendar Life (years)
`
`The length of time a battery can undergo some defined operation before failing to meet its specified end-of-life criteria.
`
`3.25 Capacity {C} (Ah)
`
`The total number of ampere-hours that can be withdrawn from a fully charged battery under specified conditions.
`
`3.26 Charge (Verb)
`
`Conversion of electrical energy into chemical potential energy within a cell achieved by applying a direct current to the
`cell.
`
`3.27 Charge Connector
`
`A conductive or inductive device that establishes an electrical connection to the electric vehicle for the purpose of
`charging and infonnatlon exchange.
`
`3.28 Charge Profile
`
`Schedule used for charging a cell or battery, usually defined by voltage, current, and time.
`
`3.29 Charge Rate (A)
`
`The current during charge of a cell or battery. See also finishing charge rate, float charge. and trickle charge.
`
`3.30 Charger (Battery)
`
`The component that supplies the power required for battery charging.
`
`3.31 CI
`
`See constant current charging.
`
`3.32 CIICV
`
`A constant current charge followed by a constant-voltage charge.
`
`3.33 Chassis Ground
`
`The conductor used to connect the non—current-carrying metal parts of the vehicle high voltage system to the vehicle
`ground system.
`
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`

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`
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`SAE - 6 - J1715 Revised FEBZOO8
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`
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`3.34 Conductive
`
`Having the ability to transmit electricity through a physical path (conductor).
`
`3.35 Connection Cycles
`
`I
`
`Refers to connect and disconnect cycles of connectors. One insertion and withdrawal operation is a connection cycle.
`
`V
`
`3.36 Connector
`
`A component which terminates conductors for the purpose of providing connection and disconnection to a suitable mating
`component.
`
`3.37 Constant Current Charging or Discharging (CI)
`
`The charging or discharging of a cell or battery at a constant rate of current flow.
`
`3.38 Constant Voltage Charging (CV)
`
`The charging of a cell or battery by applying a constant voltage while allowing the current to vary.
`
`3.39 Contact
`
`The part of a switch, relay or connector that carries current.
`
`3.40 Contact Force (N)
`
`The force which two contacts exert against each other in the closed position under specified conditions.
`
`3.41 Contact Resistance ((2)
`
`The electrical resistance of a single mated set of contacts under specified conditions.
`
`3.42 Control Pilot
`
`It performs several
`A conductor that is connected to the equipment ground through the control circuitry on the vehicle.
`functions, including assurance that the vehicle is present and connected. start/stop control. charging area ventilation
`requirements. supply equipment current rating, and provides for the continuous monitoring of the presence of the
`equipment ground.
`
`3.43 Coulombic (Ampere-Hour) Efficiency
`
`The ampere-hours removed from a cell or battery during a discharge divided by the ampere hours required to restore the
`initial capacity.
`
`3.44 Coupler
`
`A device connected to the electric vehicle supply equipment that transfers power to the electric vehicle for charging the
`energy storage system and permits the exchange of information between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle's
`supply equipment (see Charge Connector and EV Connector).
`
`3.45 Current Collector
`
`The part of an electrode that conducts electrons.
`
`

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`SAE
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`J1715 Revised FEB2008
`
`- 7 —
`
`3.46 Cutoff Voltage (V)
`
`The battery voltage at which charge or discharge is terminated.
`
`3.47 CV
`
`See constant voltage charging.
`
`3.48 Cycle
`
`The period commencing from the start of one change/discharge to the start of the next charge/discharge where said
`period includes discharge time, open-circuit time, and charge time. The depth of discharge (or percentage of capacity)
`associated with each cycle must be specified.
`
`3.49 Cycle Life
`
`The number of cycles. each to specified discharge and charge termination criteria. under a specified charge and
`discharge regime. that a battery can undergo before failing to meet its specified end-of-life criteria.
`
`3.50 Deep Discharge
`
`A qualitative term indicating the withdrawal of a significant percentage of capacity (typically, 80% or more).
`
`3.51 Depth of Discharge (%)
`
`The number of ampere hours withdrawn from a battery or cell divided by its rated capacity at the test current and
`temperature and expressed as a percentage.
`
`3.52 Derived Peak Power (W)
`
`An estimate of the maximum power capability of a cell or battery calculated from the results of power profile tests
`specified by the Dynamic Capacity Test (SAE) and the Dynamic Stress Test (USABC).
`
`3.53 Discharge
`
`Conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy within a cell or battery by the passage of direct current.
`
`3.54 Discharge Profile
`
`Schedule used for cell or battery discharge that follows a particular current, voltage or power versus