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`Cancer Research
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`Thisrnaterial wascopied
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`Subject US Copyright Laws
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`

`

`
`
`Cancer
`Research
`
`February 15, 2012 I Volume 72 0 Number 4
`
`BREAKING ADVANCES
`
`MICROENVIRONMENT AND IMMUNOLOGY
`
`829
`
`Highlights from Iii-cent Cancer
`Literature
`
`865
`
`REVIEWS
`
`831
`
`335
`
`The Ilark Side of Mast (Yell—'l'argelcd
`Therapy in Prostate Cancer
`Paula l-'illuui and Mario Paulo Colombo
`
`Regulation of Cancer Progression
`by B-I-lndorphin Neuron
`Dipak K. Hurliar. Sengnltlwelarl Murllgan.
`Chongqing Zhang. and Natlka Iloymliim’rl
`
`MEETING REPORT
`
`341
`
`'l'wenly-Third Annual I'ezcollcr
`Symposium: Engineering Influences
`in Cancer Research
`I’eler Frit'tll..II'I'I'IIIIIIIJL’II. ”in-"HI Livingrilun. :ImI
`I'lllrieo Miliitili
`
`CLINICAL STUDIES
`
`845
`
`N-Mye Regulates Expression of the
`Detoxifying l-Inzynie (ilntathione
`'I'ransl'erasae GS’l'lI’l', a Marker of Poor
`Outcome in Neurohlusloina
`Iamie l. l-‘letellcr. Sauna-Io Iiherarili. ,Iayuv Marl“):
`(‘ulht-rinv A. linrkharl. Anaemia Russell.
`l-llrlanuele Valli. Janice Smilli. Andre (Jherllmer.
`Lesley J. {\shlun. “-‘cntly ll. London.
`(ilenrl M. Marshall. Murray I). Norris.
`(iinvunni I’crini. and Michelle llahcr
`
`Prefix: Islprcssirm (ff-{he gluirrfirimre rlermffierm'rm
`system may lie prrrri'rm’arir r'nqmrmar in an-rlinh'ug
`r‘lrrmrm'r'x'r'srrrmre effluents that Imr‘brir' M:lei {fuel-{1'
`gene rml'pl'r'fir'ul'r'rms.
`r35 srrggefled here in .s'i‘ma’ies of
`Herrr'nhlusp‘rmm. r: rrnrrrmrm pedr'uir‘re tumor.
`
`INTEGRATED SYSTEMS AND
`TECHNOLOGIES
`
`854
`
`llylierpolurizcd ”C Spectroscopy Detects
`liarly Changes in Turner Vasculaturc and
`Metabolism alter VF.(£I~‘ Neutralization
`Sarah |-'.. liuhlltliek. Mikku I. Kellum'n. lJe-eli “IL
`and Kevin M. Brindle
`
`Prceiw Hl'l'x shun dryer-inns m: .lflil nudging ”Minx!
`Hm! run he “.er m mmr'rrlrrixil'elr ”minim I'rtsr‘rrl'rrr
`rl'l'krupffurr rrrrra’ rrrarrrl'rdrl‘rm'uuIfiiflrill'fug l'I-L‘F
`Malinda: (“likening H eh'm'em’ New! in rrrpr'rigfl'
`el'rrhml'e rile Men rrrrpuef allrrrfirrrrgr'ugem'e ”It'l'flfll m
`pain-Hts.
`
`876
`
`387
`
`89?
`
`Metastatic Cells Can Escape lhc
`l'ronpopiolic Effects of TNF-u through
`Increased Autocrine Il.-6;’S'I‘;\'I'3
`Signaling
`Slllln I.I. Ni \\'ang. anll [’nina IImLII
`
`Pun-is: Hrr's' s'rrrr{1- defines: rm RIF-l" driver:
`meekml'ixrrr rift-(mew em"! .urrr'w'wrl' Him is r‘r'ii‘reaifiir
`rmrrrrsimr'r eul'nm'cuir'mr rgffl're fiver. Hogan-mire Hm!
`INF-u" r'reepim' mmrgom'srs errrrerrri'v in irfiuierr.’ {Hulk
`may have prrr'riem’rrr merry in Hearing mfrm ermr‘ers
`um! (Hirer r‘rrrreers {first metro-1'ruin:{it 'ql'reu'ilr in liver.
`
`Monocytic CCR2' Myeloid-Ilerived
`Suppressor Cells Promote Immune
`Escape by Limiting Activated (IDS
`'l‘-ccll Infiltration into the 'I‘urnor
`M ieroenvironlncnt
`Alexander M. Lestlkhin. 'I'nhirls M. iIuIII.
`Sliigehisa Ritalin. (‘zrina L'urlez.
`Daniel IIirsel11mI'n-(‘yIm-rmzln.
`Frauleesea Avugadl‘i. ilahrielle r\. lilzzulo.
`John]. Lazarus. I".rie ti. I‘aaier. Alan N. llnuglilon.
`'I'aha Merglmtlll. and ledd I). Wolelmk
`
`Prim-ix: The el-iukr'rre (Lil-(1W1 which is med m
`errrrrrrree Iekr'h' eel! enmity in marry (mm-r pollen-‘51
`also rttprmrb' rr paprri’rrrirm ofiommm'-.\‘upprr-sxr've
`worming-fie eelh: that run Nani Hie em’rr rgf'm'ffl'rrfrrl
`uufmmrrir'
`'i' evils mm Hie immir mi:'r'm-rrenviron-m.
`perhaps umeffliugfl- r'rmfrr'hrrfiug m r'rrmrrme “wipe.
`
`(3)8 ‘ 1‘ Cells Specific for Turner Antigens
`(‘an Be Rendered Dysfunctional by the
`Turner Microcnviromnent through
`IJpregulation of the Inhibitory
`Receptors 811.11 and I'll-I
`Julie” Poureadu Khaniun Sun. Urnellu Paglianu.
`Philippe Guillaume. Immanuel I". inc-seller.
`(‘indy Sander._ln|1n M. Kirkwund. Daniel Ulire.
`\'iii|)' Klu‘llruu. nnil Ilasmne M. Xalmur
`I’réeia‘: Hrirsl'rrri'y :'_I. feuds krroll'ierlge ruriem'niug Imn'
`rm impurfrmf inhibitor} elrrss rgfr‘o-r'eeqiirir moleerriex
`rm '1" evils are; m Mori- their ammflie (:l-‘IIJHM fr arrivin-
`«game rmrmr relic therein-- deepening insights in!"
`Emir in reverse this ‘ITII' meelrrirrfiwr rgf‘rmnume urea!»
`in furrmrsjbr Hn’rripr’l'rffe herrefff.
`
`Hedgehog Signaling Inhibition Blocks
`Growth of Resistant Tunion's through
`Effects on Tumor Mierocnvironment
`Emanuele Heller. Michelle .v'\. illn'eliln._lingyu Mane...
`Xinnling Sn. Sara Chen. Joeln-n Schneider.
`Kyu-Sangjneng Mareus Vidal, Leah (inlillacrg.
`llougju Ilt'llg. Mary C. llorniek. Julie |.. Prior.
`David |’iwniea-I‘i’orms. i‘anxin Long. Ross (‘agauL
`and Katherine N. Ill-'eilhaecher
`
`
`A Journal 01 the American Association for Cancer Research
`wwweacrjournalscrg
`
`

`

`
`
`908
`
`9‘1?
`
`928
`
`Prefix: Libraries rhwmm‘h’uh' :i ”Heel mi'efiu'
`hedgehog signaling in uan'm'hnfflim'h'rm rmn’
`rfemrun'rmfe Hm! hedging i'nhr'hi'mrx rm’uer' mmnr
`burden Himngh ri'h'ei'lf (fleets m: mmm' rem:
`ras'n'm'fiisix. mm’ .un'rmm! veils with!“ me imam-
`mi:'m:'m’irmmreuf.
`
`mill—20a Encoded by the iniII—I7—‘J2
`Cluster Increases Ille Metastatic
`
`Potential of (lstensareoma Cells by
`Regulating Fas Expression
`(inngxinng Iliumg. Kaxninasa Nisliimutn.
`Khit'liuu Zilnll. lit-unis llilglll'h. and
`Eugenie S. Klriln-rman
`
`I’rfieis; I-‘fmfiugx pmw'de insight-i mm {he menus In-
`Iiriu'r'h brme r'imrei'c gm); Her-e55 In the June. by
`mrxra’ufrm'ng germ-33in“ {if}: mi'r'thxI pmgi'mu Hm:
`"N’I'HI'HK' murm' re” survive! in the hing
`HIIi‘i'm‘flI’ti'tiiimt'fli.
`
`Immune Inhibitory Molecules LAG-II
`
`and I'll-I Synerg
`ieally Regulate 'l‘—eeil
`Funelion In I'rnnmle ’l'umeral Immune
`Escape
`'J'm-niu.
`Sr-ng-Iiynnp, \-\'nn. I-li'glian I-J.
`Mnniea \'. (iolilhei‘g._ ulshrez- lianknli. Mark Selby.
`(‘hr'islnphm' 1. Nina-h]. MaHheu' l..
`|Ie1tini.
`Iluvid M. [irax-anu. l'l-Ier \"I-gvl. ('liih lung Lin.
`.‘ilephanie 'lanesuinlialvisil, luwph |-'. (irmm.
`George Nelle, Mallhew l'.l’il1}i'l1?.{'l‘. Alcitlt-s ['huux.
`Paul _I.
`l'ly._ I'l‘t'IL" _I. \\'nrkn1iln. IJI'eu' M, I'zII'tIuIL
`.-\|an _I. Kurinan. {'lmi'les ti, Drake. illld
`Darin .\.:\. \‘ignali
`
`Freer}: . Inniqqrmn‘ m r'muhfuufl'rm strange-«1m-
`interred drugs, {his midi shuns Imu' mmhimm'rm
`.m-urygim ,(r'u' mimam;Hrr‘rupmhr' unhhmfiex Hm!
`merger Impm'rrmr m'gum'i' i'eenfrnraei
`.r'immmr
`n'eeprm'x um prurfrir 1- puma-fir! mm'mmrar :jfli-rrs, in
`rw'm-e: hi- t'm'i'i'i'fflm mummr- nrrquz
`
`Antigen—Speeifie L'IH T Cells Regulate
`I’lmelian nl' Myelaill—lierived Suppresmir
`Cells in ('unm-r via llelrugmde Mllt‘
`(‘Iass ll Signaling
`II' in ‘mlm.
`Hl'illihis Karma]. :‘lll‘xllll Ni-Iusm.
`[‘jngi-ail
`l lieng. Jim Ill Hun-elm. and
`IIInIln- I. [-ahnlmu I:
`
`f’f'l't't-i'.’ Hm repel? ”shire-v.1" H Hrnh'rneru
`regarding Imu- mIr-Iram’dem-r-r! mpprr-wri a'i-Hn
`siimn'eu the mm m H} I “I
`I H'Hx m rrmr'i'i,
`.I'el'r'riimir ”_Im'li'm'iHr'r-tflrrn'fi Imp an Him I! m Married.
`”mm.- mmgeu apr'r rfir' farm». n} Hum- I H'H'u mm
`rmgrm'm Hn- mmnmaunplrm-wer effer I» n; uni-hm!
`iii-mu! mmrrr'wu ”fix.
`
`949
`
`I’rei‘is: This and} iih'nnfies the J'm‘i'rm' frmispm'n'r'
`.m "H (is r: r-n'h'r-m’ mm‘iuim- af'pSJ driven
`mr-mhm'ir r-rmri'nh- UH gifu'nfi six rim! recpi'mri'rm.
`and rims m'm pim'un'uin r‘r'i'ri'rriflfr'ar «imparting
`”magnum“ [II'FIQIT'ASIUH nip-1i rhfflr'r'i‘rif mun-rs.
`
`Mye l'ustlranseriptiunally Iniluees IIIFI
`['rntein and 'I'arget (iene I‘lxpressimi in
`Normal and Cancer Cells
`Megan Ii. line. Iari'tw M.
`.-\~;ea|lu. Mandi-up Kuln'.
`illltl Nit-hael
`I). ('uie
`
`f’r‘it'f- ..
`
`”I r' mwe_v.,rnw-x-~'."rm n. firmed In indm'ii'tm mi
`N I'UJ'I' r'r-guhmu' if! Iiimrn' III-pmm. highlighting n
`pi'ei'iumrfi um‘r'eUgmer! eflr‘eiru' puihli'rn fiir
`nm‘ogr'uie II'IIJI.\_‘;‘iIr'HHiHFH-‘ b} .Iiu'.
`
`PREVENTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
`
`958
`
`.r\ Positive Feedback Signaling Limp
`between ATM and the Vilumin I]
`IIeeelilnr Is Critical Iiir ('alleer
`('Iienmlirevenliml by Vitamin I)
`llm-i-Ju 'l'ing. Han-(1a Insulin-Karim.
`.‘w'hian _Iang ‘I':II1. lune-Wei HRH.
`'1'xL1-Illlu Lin.
`Wei-Hi Xeng._lui1ies Messing. 'I'znne-ji-ng Sheri.
`lie-Yin}; lian. Willis X. Li. lidwal'tl Messing. illIll
`I'i
`|-'en 1.ee
`
`Prefix: i-i'mh'ngs suggest Hm.“ i'ihmim .U prevents
`ermr'er In- xiimm’un'ug H pm'm'vr_fi‘r'tflmr'3'" signalling
`hm}; firm: the ei'hiim'n H n‘i'epmi' In {he ”All repair
`mm'him'ijr. im'reflxhig m- r_f,-'i'r'frHt'_i-‘.
`
`THERAPEUTICS, TARGETS, AND
`CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
`
`969
`
`Resistance to Selective IIIII‘II: Inhibition
`(Tan lie Mediated by Mmlesl Upstream
`I'alliway Activation
`|-'e
`Sn. William I]. liriulle)‘. (Jinngqing “Ellie.
`llllllp, Tang. Lizlmne, MI.
`lil'izlli Higgins,
`Kenneth Knliilh'k)‘. Kathryn Parkman.
`Min lung Kim. Kerstin 'I'i'mwei'. llil'llill'll _I. Lee.
`Kathleen ‘ieiinslaek. Jade ('ai‘ti'l‘. 'I'lminus Allin-rt,
`Sm'en Uei'nier. Iim linsinski. Milt‘hell Martin.
`Mar} Iillen Liimenx. Iirian l.l"¢[llti.
`llil\'IIl lleimlmmk. illlll {iideutl iinllag
`
`f’reri‘s: I-i'mi'r'iigs address the prey-m i'h'm'i'n!
`{bum-Hg." m prr'l'eii.‘ nr n'i-‘r'i'w' m'qiiiii'd i'ex'i'n'fmn'e
`m HHIIIHH HIM!” mmmmm. lefii'r'h rim premier
`{mil-eff”! M}! will h‘mwenf .‘p‘ir'mfleim'r i'r-x-pnmex m
`mrhmmim.
`
`979
`
`l'iitenlialimn of the Navel
`
`MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR
`
`PATHOBIOLOGY
`
`939
`
`Regulalinu al' Mommarlmxylale
`'I‘ranspurler ML'TI l'lxpressiun by 1:53
`Mediates Inward and Outward Lactale
`I-‘luxes in 'I‘nnmrs
`Romain liliilllll. I‘l't‘tli'i'jqul- \‘iigi'un. .-\|iue Menile.
`
`Mule |.e Irelmi. ['hamal Elie-«y. I'ii "e thin'eaux.
`Hula-[Ii lizard Naeni. .‘ltlll lllirjer I'I-I‘ull
`
`'I'npiiismllerase I lnliibilur
`Iudenoisoquinoline IMP—100 by the (‘ell
`('Iwekpuinl amt (‘th-(‘IikZ luliilulor
`:IZII77II2
`lilu-ellu M.
`
`-\r'i~. .Illll ‘i'i'I-l.
`
`l'lIIIIIIIII'I'
`
`I’rr't'is: Hm \Imn _m'rrl'irirv n pm“; u! r rim-rm Hmr
`H rmuhmnimu Hn'rrqil
`r-rmqirm'n' in! mm
`rrimmemi'r'm Inputsrauir’run' I mmmrm {aim
`I'hr'r'flflm'm Mame Im‘iiiliiruw mm in men- x1 neg-rm.
`i‘imi'I'I' i'i'fl iii'itr‘hs.
`
`
`
`AKQ. lineman. lwx whim In: (:fllir'm'Rl’seflfl'h
`
`Cancer Research
`
`

`

`—————__.——_..—.—
`
`990
`
`Ilislone lleneetylnse Inhibition
`tnereuses Levels oi ('holine Iiinase o
`and l’hosphoeholine I-‘neililating
`invasive [longing in Ilnnnm
`
`
`(‘aneers
`Monnia lieloln-elle-Button. \':Iil|::|
`lielen 'l'roi'. lioln'rl
`ll, le I'oele.
`.-\nne ('In'islnn- \\'ur1g i'e long.
`l’itj'Illf.
`|., taliznln-lli litt'lx'illll. lieollrey S.
`lulu: ii. (il‘illitlis. loo It. Judson. l’nnl \\'III‘ktII:III.
`Murlin U. Leaelt. nlnl inen I.i ('lnnn;
`
`.\r1nI:III.
`
`I’nir'is: Nomi: I 'nsn-r' hr'omoralr'rs offer r'rr'tr': 'ml mats
`rm- rlom'm' trials nitrogen?! drugs, as illustrated in
`this smrlr providing nm‘hrrm'strr- .mp‘rmttfin' the
`use of'plmspltrIr'lmlr'm' as H :‘rmrh'n’ute nmrrm’usn‘r‘
`l:r'tmirn'.lr'r_frn' imagine the plim‘mm'mlt mnm'r'
`response to Hill-ll" inhibitors.
`
`TUMOR AND STEM CELL BIOLOGY
`
`1001
`
`Ilysregnlution of lizrin
`I‘hospltorylution Prevents Metastasis
`and filters Cellular Metabolism in
`(Isl eosnreolna
`
`Ling lien. Hung-Hook Hung. Qing-ltong t‘hen.
`Ioseph Briggs. Jessien {'nssnrungll.
`Satish Srinirnsan. Miehuel 31. Lizardo.
`:illnlll'o Mendoza. .-\shle_\'
`i'. Xizl.
`N;1I".I_\'iltl Availhnni. lured Khan. and
`(‘Innnl Klnmnu
`
`l’rf’rris: 'l'ln's srmlr offers nrer‘lnmisnu' insights into
`the role of rt pleural regulator rlemefrrstrrsi'x that Hulls
`titepl'rtsmrr eel! membrane to the ”my firms/o 'lemn.
`mnl’ rim! “no net in port by linking melolmll'e um!
`respirator-i vapor-ill
`in nielmlrrn'r rnpm‘n’lfn.
`
`1013
`
`Hedgehog and Notch Signaling
`Regulate. Self-Ilenewal of
`Undifferentiated l’lcolnorphie
`Sareomas
`
`l'lnntg ‘i'l- Tale “one. illitgsiu Wei. Ilkt'tl Ililtl.
`Shillgo Hutu. Itonnk {ihunhnri :\'/.ut'ttier.
`Heather Whetstone. Itin'lnonrl I'oon. lim'i iln.
`|-'eitei Zlieng. I'ltil Khalil}, Weisln \\'
`
`I:I_\' S. Wonder. and Eleni-.Imin A. .\|rn:1n
`
`
`1 023
`
`l’rr-er's: Findings sneer-st on! omit More! {moment
`srr'nhjen-ern'
`.1 soft honor wort-1m- seen ohmic!
`u',u1'n.w'l'e{1 in .H'rr' elrn'i'h. not Him possible insights
`into its enlemrm'r origins to"development. n'ln'r'lr
`lime been lnlsror'r'r'olll (‘wrtr'ol'r'll'srrll
`
`M ant mary Gland Seleetire l-lseision of e-
`}rm Identifies Its Role in "II‘NJ‘ Splicing
`Honinr I\:ll:_\';n', thnnnno lino. Hnnlun'
`.-\r|tl}'tt.
`.\r|;1I1I lirlel. ‘t'olnnria ('m‘nrrnlains. \'.nn-~'s:I Rose.
`Mathew l'. ('nsintit‘o._lie Klnin. .\1ieh:lel I’. Lisatnti.
`I aim Nasini. l'nolo Furl inn. nlnl liir'liui’d (i. l'estell
`
`Hm- st'ml'r suggests strategies to ol’eo'ome
`Pr-er
`F't'.§tl."htltt'l’ tr:
`.‘IH-Jx Moose inhibitors. n'ln'rir m'e
`
`poise-“rill heme r'I'rrlmrtr‘rl in romeo! mots.
`
`LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
`
`1035
`
`1036
`
`Impact of lipitlteliul Organization on
`Myc Expression and :ielii'ily—ltetter
`Johanna I.
`|‘:IrlnIn-n :nnl _1II|In Klelstr'om
`
`impact of Epithelial llrgani ution on
`Mve [Expression and rte-tint}—
`Response
`llnvitl Simpson Helilttil Mnlllnsn'nnly. nlnl
`William I‘_ 't'nnsei'
`
`CORRECTIONS
`
`1037
`
`1038
`
`1 039
`
`Correction: l-anoglin Regulates
`L‘aneer—tilromal Cell Interactions in
`Prostate Tumors
`
`Correction: Sirloin I Is Unregulated in
`a Subset ol' liepnloeellnlar (‘nreinonlas
`where I! is Essential for 'l'elomere
`Mainlennnee and Tumor (‘ell Growth
`
`Correction: Long Noneoding llNr‘l
`“0TH": Regulates I’olyeomh-
`Dependent Chromatin Modification
`and Is Assoeint ed with l’oor Prognosis
`in Coloreetnl ('nneers
`
`
`
`ABOUT TH E COVER
`
`\"ennn‘nl'enilt reeenllj.’ (It'ltiet'eil HM approval for treating pzllients with
`-
`'
`l
`-
`.
`-
`.
`.
`..
`.
`Itlt'lilslzllit‘ melanoma harboring the “RAF meet-1 nmtulion. ‘l‘he
`”HM-"w" -tll'l\r'('ti uncontrolled prolllernllon is elleetn'ely hloeked hy
`Vennn'al'enili. reflected in the remnrknhle regressions observed in the elinie.
`However. most patients eventually relapse. and in litany instnnees.
`progression is nssoeinlell with renrtiration ol'l-ZRK signaling. as oliset'rell In
`high levels of |".|t|\‘ phosphm'ylution in tumor biopsies taken ill progression.
`The rover shows an example ol'n tumor iiiopsy token ill progression. 5n and
`I‘olleiigues iileltlili' a novel lot-ts mutation that mediates the sequiretl
`ri-sistnnee ol'nIelnnolnn eells to rettntratenih. Both MAI’K and I’litlx‘ pallnvnys
`are netire despite the presenee ol' drug. Combinations ol‘ rennirnlenih with
`either MICK or AK'I' inhibitors are allle to t)\'l.‘l‘('l)ttt(' this resistanee. providing,
`hope that these eoniltinnlions eonld mitigate disease relapse in patients. For
`
`rleloils. see the nrliele hr Sn and eollengnes on page 96‘] of this issue.
`
`
`V
`
`A Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research
`
`www.3acriournalsorg
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`Microenvirorlnu.Ill .IrlI! lIIIIlIIIIIolIJIIII
`
`
`
`Immune Inhibitory Molecules LAG-3 and PD-1 Synergistically
`
`Regulate T-oell Function to Promote Tumoral Immune
`
`Escape
`
`Seng—Hyong Woo'. Meghan E TuInis1. Monica V Goldberg“, Jaishree Bankoti'. Mark Selby“,
`ChristopherJ Nirsizhl“. Matthew L Bettini1, David M. Gravano1. Peter \logelR Chih Long Liu .
`Stephanie lTangsombalvisit). Joseph F Grosso'. George Netlo11 Matthew P Smeltzer3.Aloides Chaux
`PaulJ Utz"JCrng. Workman1. DrewM. Pardolli‘. AlanJ. Kormana. CharleeG. Drake“. and DarioAA. Vignali1
`
`I’ibetract
`
`IIII'III.‘
`I\IIIIIIII_1,
`in Humor.
`I'I‘IIIIIIIIIII'II III' lllllllllllt‘ L'HI'IIIII.‘
`lltillllitil‘ I'I-Ils Ill't‘ pivIIlItl
`IIIIIiIIiIuI‘y I'l‘I.‘l'|JIl)l'H (III
`ilIlIihituI'v I'l'(’l'|'lll||'.'&', t"l'|..-\--l ltIII‘gIIII‘d I'llIIiI‘IIIlI'
`|I_v ipiliIlIuI'nIIhl III-I'VIII.‘ as a IlunIiIIIIIIl ul'l'-I.'wilIf|I \I'IIIII‘ Itilll'l‘
`l‘t'l'l’|)llIl‘5 ‘IllI-II IIII I’D-l anIl l.I\(l-1’II‘.I-I-In tu fil’l'Vt' more while I'III-IIIIIIII
`liIIII’IiuIIII. IIIIWI-vvr. IIII! ('Kll'lll III synergy
`and t’tlllpul'tlll\'t‘ inli'I'III'liIIIII. III'th'I-n iIIIIilIilIu'y pathways i1](‘I'llll‘l‘l'l‘tfll'lilill largely IIIII-KIIIIIrI-Il. lll‘l‘I.‘. wI.‘ I‘I‘I'I'III
`IIIIIIIIIIIiVI'
`I‘Ut‘xl'lfl't'ifiittll ul' I'll-l
`IIIIIi IMI-‘I lll'l Iunlur-inlillmliI‘II-. l'll-l'
`IIIIII L'l'IH'
`'I' (‘t'llti
`iII
`lllft’l.‘ IlislinIfl
`lrIiIIsplanlalilt- lllllllJl'H. {III-III IIIIIi- |I\(i-'.IIIIIIli—I’Il— | IInliIIuIly III-.IllIllI.‘lll IIIIIII must miII- ul' I-IIIIIhliIIIII-Il luIIIIIII.
`thul onI‘laIgI‘lvlIIIIIiIItIIlIl III IIiIIgII-IIIIlilIIIIIv l I'l'Illll‘lt‘l‘ll. ”(‘Hpilt‘ nIiIIimal lll‘ll'lllll‘lfipillllllltigll'Sl’qlll‘lill‘Ill I'll- l and
`|.A(i-Mingle knuIkuIIl IItiII- IluIIl knockout IrIiII' IIlII'IIgIIII'Il III-Il—luII-IIIIIII- will: resultant Itllluil‘llllllll'fll' inlillrIIlII.‘
`in multiple uI'gIInII. leading to eventual IIlhIIlily. lluwuvzt-i l‘nql
`l’rI’IIH "
`IIIIII- IIIIIIwI-Il IIIIII'lII!Ii|_\' inI'rIIasoII
`HIII'ViIII [mm and the [more ul multiph- llauIIpIantahlI- lIIIIIIIIII. lIIeIIIIII-I'. llIIIHL' IIIIIIIIII. III-lino a IIlrIIIIg- NVHL'If'}
`III‘III'I'IIII tIII' l’|)-l and LN.- .1 Inllihitury pillhwu_\'II in IIIII'IWIIIIII' III IIIIIII III'II and minor ItIIliIII.ItIII. in IIIlIliIiIIlI. tho)-
`IIrIIuI- slrunglv Illal IIIIuI IIIIII‘kIIIlI- III IIII‘III' lllIlll‘t‘lJlCH I‘I-prI~I.I-III:.'
`i1. III'IIIIIlHil‘Ig IIuInhinaluI'ial strategy for t‘tlllt'l'l'.
`I.’III“.'III I'fI‘II:'26:!) 91'?—.'."I7. “"12”” I'lIIITH.
`
`Irltr oduI‘:IiOI‘I
`
`'I' l‘t‘ll-Ilit'tllillt'll :IuliIquIIr immune responses lll‘t' vssunlial
`l'III‘ I-iII-I'livI- Ill-II-Iiun ul'pl‘iIIIIII‘v I.IIIIIIIr II-II‘IIInII IIItII IIII' [malt-I'-
`
`Authors‘ IIM'IIIiIaIionI’I: ‘Departmenl ol immunology; “Veterinary PathologyI
`Core, ’Depnnrnerit ol Bioetalistlos. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,
`MemphIs Tennessee. 4Dep'Ilth'ienle of Oncology. immunology and Urol-
`oqv; Immunology and Hemaloooiesis Division Johns Hopkins. Sidnev
`Klinmel Comprehenswe Cancer Center 'Departments 0! Oncology.
`Pathology I-Ind Urology; ”Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins Ul‘ll-
`veisily. Baltimore. Maryland;
`”BIoIogIILII Discover}.I California Bristol-
`Mvere- Squibb. Milpitas: and 'Department of Medicine Division of
`Immunology and Rheumalology Slanlord University School ol Medimne.
`Stanloru, California
`
`Note: Suppleinenlarv data for this article are available at Cancer Research
`Or'IlIne {tulip-.I‘I‘canoerres aacrjournalsorgn
`
`I_".I Irrenl addi'ees IorJoseph F. Groeso: Clinical Eliornarkersflmrnuno Oncol-
`ui1v, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Pnnoeton. NJ.
`
`‘3.
`
`-l I Woo. ME. Turner. and MV. Goldberg contributed equally to this work.
`
`(1.1.5. Drake and BAA. VIgnaII share senior author-ship.
`
`Corresponding Authors: Dario AA. Vignali. Depanment of Immunology.
`.II'I. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Memphis TN. Phone. 901-595—
`:II3.31% Fox: 901 £395- 310?. E. mail: vignalilabifflstiude. org. and Charles G.
`Drake, Departments of Oncologv. Immunology and Urology.I Johns Hop—
`lui 15 Sidney Kimmel Compreheuswe Cancer Center. Baltimore. MD. E—mail:
`IJIIIake‘fl‘Ihrnledu
`doi; ll] I1{IBIDUUB-SAI?2.CAN-11-1620
`HUI I AII'IerIIran Assomation Ior Cancer Research.
`
`l 1. Although llll.‘qunuuv Iuslmu I‘IIII
`Iinn II-IIIinst IuI- laslsiIIIII.‘ l
`llI'lI'Il IIIIII IlI‘slIm IIIIIIignIIIII IIIlII. luInIIu l'fiL'cll'lL' vuIII-illauII'
`l}\'tI\-':11‘il‘l\Illl'l'll iIIlIinI.iI anII l'\ll iIIIIiI iuI~IhIII1isms l
`| — '1}. I“
`with IIIruniI \iral inlII lion 1.ll lumuI antigluu— I.'pI~I'I|iI' I'll-l
`and L‘Jill
`I I'I~l|:.' IlisplIII- Ilnptlltl‘d IVI‘llI'IIIII lunIliuII IIIIII an
`l'Kll'IlllrIilL'IIl
`|1lll'lltll\|‘lt' IIIIII'IIII-IIII‘i-III-Il lIv Ili‘t'l‘t'ilSt‘tl pruIluI'liIIu
`lll pmiull;Immatun-
`II'IIILinuII
`IIIIII
`II).p:III'SIIIIIISWI'DL'HH tu
`allllovnit- It’Slll'llllldlilll'l 1.)] This.Is l‘ill'tlllllt‘ll by evil t‘xlllllfiit'
`IIII-IhanisIuII. I.‘uIII as II-eulalui'v | tl‘llhl[M]. illIllII'l.'ll iIIlIiIIIIiI
`IIIIII-hanisms. «IIIII III. lllllilllltll'}' InIIII-I' IIII-I. tIIIit III-I III‘II'L'IJJII.III-II
`IIII I'xltIItIIIlI'Il. ItImur-inlillrating |_\'mp|iuI.'_\'iI_'II 1'|"||.]|.
`lI‘I
`t’lll‘l'l-
`l)l|1il|il)ll.llll‘5t‘ inhibitor}- IIIl'I'i‘IlllllHI‘l'IH rIIprI‘IIcIII :I lurluiIIIIhlII
`barrier to effective IIIIlilIIIIIIIr immunity [0— III].
`lnhihiturv receptors such us I‘ylulmir Il1-l)“l‘tlpll(ll’_\’ll."'ilSHtI
`I'iIIII-Il protein Ll lL"l'l..-\--l. (1)151! l. leuphIII'leI-III'IivIIIiuu III-III-
`II IIII‘ILI—i’I. (112211]. and prungIIImII'Il I’D-ll IlI~IIl|I l [I’ll-1.1.1121?”
`lllflt'llllli Ill multiple lIIvIIl~I III ensure appropriate l‘-I‘III| lIIIII'II-II-
`stasis. IIIlivI IliIIII. IIIIII lllilt‘lt‘llllillltlfl (I. II— l I}. lIIrllII-I llltIII‘.
`all
`.I
`inhibitory IIIIIII-I-ulvs aleu I‘IIIIllll‘IlIlt‘
`III II-II
`I-IIIIIIIIIiI
`regulation by IvuntrIIlliIIII'l'...L huiuIruslaIIIiI. IIIIII l'lltlt‘lllll‘l- Illl‘tll
`ailing iIIIluI-IIII
`'I‘...“ IiI'v L'ltl['tl'llt‘lll. and IIIiIiIII Itiny,
`lll'llllt’lllt
`I-I-ll IlitliII'IInlialiuu IInII
`lllllt‘lllltl
`lIJI—IO.
`lI-l.
`I‘ll.
`|l.It.I lIqu
`oI-III'IiIrIIIIv nI'IInipulIIteIl IIIiIrI~ ll'ldil‘tlll.‘ that ("ll A--| rI-pI‘I-III-nts
`IIIJIIIJI and indispensiblc'ull IIIvilI-LI' \\’lll‘l'lt'II. I’ll- l and |.Mi-
`.1 play mule IIulIIII-
`IIIIL'S in “humor IIgulatiuII.\Win-mare
`I'II'IIJ "
`IIIiI‘I‘ Ill‘t‘t‘lup II SI'VI'I'I.’
`lyl‘ll[‘Jllll[ll‘llllli.‘l‘illi\‘l’ IIiIIIIaSI‘
`IIIIII are usually InIIriIIIIIIIl by 1’. to -'1 works III'IIIII- l‘JIll- Pill?”
`
`
`
`wwvv aacrjournalsorg
`
`[flc IIIH'J'I‘I rm IIIIIIIIII'IIIII lI'rrI (littf't’rflmt’t‘trt‘it
`
`91?
`
`This material was copied
`at the NLM and may be
`So bject US Copyright Laws
`
`

`

`Woo el al.
`
`lwllil'l'l i‘III‘IIIII'H I’IJ- | } mire ll\"l' III-I'nml
`Hlllflll’
`:mli
`\‘uriuhlr'
`iIlIllliIIIe-IIIIHI-(I
`
`I irur while iliwvluriing
`(“sear-u-
`Illamili‘HIIIIiuIIx
`llI\|.|l."I' mil-(-
`
`depending (III gL-Iu‘lit' background:
`If’rfl'rl'f
`lieu-lull (liIIIIeLl calrtiiunrruplllIII- 5 In lit] weeks Hinge. wlle'I-us.
`I’II'I‘IH
`(‘5?lil.,-"II mil-(- (lt’\'l'lllll :I pl‘tiil‘lII‘IL-tl IIIIIIIH-lilu- I‘llll-
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