DORLAND’S
`ILLUSTRATED
`MEDICAL?!<
`DICTIONARY
`
`SAUNDERS
`An Imprint ofElsevier.
`
`
`
`Genome Ex. 1020
`Page 1 of 7
`
`

`

`SAUNDERS
`ELSEVIER
`
`1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
`Ste 1800
`Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
`
`aa
`
`:
`
`he
`
`pesLENns ILLUSTRATED MEDICAL DICTIONARY
`st edition
`Copyright © 2007, 2003, 2000, 1994, 1988, 1985, 1981, 1974, 1965, 1957, 1951, 1947,
`1944, 1941, 1938, 1935, 1932, 1929, 1927, 1923, 1921, 1919, 1917, 1915, 1913, 1911,
`1909, 1906, 1903, 1901, 1900 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
`including
`All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical
`photocopying, recording, or any information storage andretrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought
`alts feofeee eal oe ane ee in Philadelphia, PA, USA: phone: (+1) 215 239 3804, fax: (+1) 215 239 3805, e-mail.
`ealthpermissions@elsevier.com.
`You may also complete
`your request on-line
`via
`the
`Elsevier
`h
`of
`.elsevi
`rs ecting
`‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Pimubiloni's
`.
`em ae oeaee
`Some of the words appearing in the Dictionary are proprietary names (trademarks) even though no reference to this fact is made in thetext
`The appearanceof any name without designation as a trademark is therefore notto be regarded as a representation bythe editors or publisherthatit is not
`a trademark oris not the subject of proprietary rights,
`
`ISBN: 978-1-4160-2364-7 (Standard
`978-1-4160-4998-2 (Delure
`978-0-8089-2362-6 (International)
`
`2
`
`Z
`
`4
`
`Notice
`
`The Publisher
`
`Neither the Publisher nor the Editors assume any responsibility for any loss or injury and/or damage
`to persons orproperty arising outofor related to any use of the material contained in this book. It is
`the responsibility of the treating practitioner, relying on independentexpertise and knowledge of the
`patient, to determine the best treatment and methodofapplication for the patient.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`Dorland’s illustrated medical dictionary.
`Philadephia: Saunders
`
`vi: ill; 27 cm.
`
`Irregular.
`Began publication with 23rd ed.
`Description based on: 26th ed.
`Continues: Americanillustrated medical dictionary.
`
`1, Medicine—Dictionaries. I. Dorland, W.A. Newman (William Alexander Newman), 1864-1956.
`[DNLM:1. Dictionaries, Medical. 2. Reference Books, Medical]
`R121.D73
`610/.3'21—del9
`0-6383
`AACR 2 MARC-5S
`
`Library of Congress
`
`[8607r85]revé
`
`Listed here are the latest translated editions of this book together with the languagesfor the translations and the publishers:
`
`Chinese (284 Edition)—Xi’an World Publishing Corp., Xi’an, China
`Indonesion (26th Edition)—E.G.C. Medical Publishers, Jakarta, Indonesia
`Italian (28th Edition)—Edizioni Scientifiche Internazionali (ESD, Milan, Italy
`Japanese (28th Edition)—Hirokawa Publishing Company, Tokyo, Japan
`Portuguese (28th Edition)—Editiora Manole Ltda., S40 Paulo, Brazil
`Spanish (30th Edition)—Elsevier Espaiia, $.A., Madrid, Spain
`
`ChiefLexicographer: Douglas M. Anderson, MA
`Senior Lexicographer: Patricia D. Novak, PhD
`Lexicographer: Jefferson Keith, MA
`Working together to grow
`Assistant Lexicograpber: Michelle A. Elliott, BA
`Publishing Services Manager: Linda Van Pelt
`libraries in developing countries
`Project Manager: Joan Nikelsky
`Design Direction: Gene Harris
`www.elsevier.com | www.bookaid.org | www.sabre.org
`a7
`Tea 7
`e
`:
`Printed in the United States of America
`
`Last digit is the print number 9.8 7654321 ELSEVIER—fiternejonat
`GenomeEx. 1020
`Page 2 of 7
`
`Sabre Foundation
`
`Jia
`
`Genome Ex. 1020
`Page 2 of 7
`
`

`

`a
`
`canalith asus ausuneaxws wien outesuaueuenweanate kere TET reste tks TEENS
`
`andesartan Cilexegy
`
`Canalis Continued
`
`
`
`vertebral canal: the canal formedbythe fora.
`c. vertebra'lis [TA]
`is divided into two compartments, scala tympani and scala vestibuli, by
`mina in the successive vertebrae, which encloses the spinal cord ang
`the laminaspiralis.
`meninges; called also medullary canal, neural canal, and spinal canal,
`¢. spira'lis modi'oli [TA]_spiral canal of modiolus: a canal following
`
`c. vomerorostra'lis [TA]
`vomerorostral canal: a canal
`located
`the course of the bonyspiral lamina of the cochlea and containing the
`between the vomerand sphenoidal rostrum.
`
`spiral ganglion of the cochlear division of the vestibulocochlear nerve.
`¢. vomerovagina'lis [TA]
`vomerovaginal
`canal:
`an inconstant
`alled also Rosenthal canal.
`opening formed by the articulating margins of
`the ala of the
`c.ulna’ris [TA]_ulnar canal: a small superficial canal at the baseofthe
`
`vomer
`and
`the
`body of
`the
`sphenoid
`bone;
`called
`alsy
`hypothenar bounded by the flexor retinaculum and the flexor carpi
`basipbaryngeal canal,
`lateral superior vomerobasilar canal, and vomerine
`naris muscle, which transmits blood vessels and the ulnar nerve
`canal.
`
`from the forearm to the hand. Called also Guyoncanal and loge de Guyon.
`
`
`a group of
`(HNPCC)
`hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal c.
`a free-floating particle within the
`can-a-lith (kan‘a-lith”) [canal + -/ith]
`characterized by discrete
`hereditary,
`‘autosomal dominant
`cancers
`endolymph ofthe semicircular canal; the presence of canaliths can cause
`adenomas of the colon and rectum without polyposis, Two types have
`benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
`beendistinguished: in type 1, all affected persons
`have colorectal cancers.
`1, formation of canals, natural or
`canearli-za-tion (kan"9-li-za’shan)
`in type 2, some family members have cancer in other parts ofthe body,
`
`
`
`
`
`pathologic. of—canals2. surgical establishment for drainage,
`
`such as the female genital tract, stomach, brain, breast, or urinary tract,
`3. recanalization.
`4.
`in psychology, formation in the central nervous
`Both
`types
`are
`caused va mutations
`in mismatch repair
`genes,
`system of new pathways byrepeated passage of nerve impulses.
`particularly MSH2 and MLHI, and are characterized by microsatellite
`instability. Called also Lynch syndrome. Type 2 is also called cancerfamily
`ca-nalo-plas-ty (kan’s-lo-plas"te)
`canalplasty.
`syndrome.
`ca-nal-plas+ty (ke-nal'plas-te)_plastic reconstruction of a passage,as of
`latent c.
`cancer discovered, in the absence of any clinical manifesta.
`the external auditory meatus.
`tions, in the course of histological examination; cf. occult c.
`a type of fowlpox seen in canaries.
`caena-ry-pox (ks-na’re-poks)
`melanotie c. malignant melanoma.
`mule spinners’ c, one ofthefirst types of skin cancer known to be
`Caneassa_ (kan’a-so)
`trademark for a preparation of mesalamine.
`caused by occupational exposure,affecting workers in the cotton spinning
`Can-aeval-ia_ (kan"s-val'yo)
`the jack bean, a genus of West Indian
`industry because of exposure to arsenic, tar, and carcinogenicoils; it was a
`lants of the family Leguminosae, widely used as food for humans and
`ivestock. C. ensifor’mis D.C. and otherspecies are the source of canavanine
`form of squamouscell carcinoma.
`nonmelanomaskin c’s
`namegiven to a group of commonskin cancers
`and concanavalin.
`that do not metastasize, including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell
`Can-a-van disease (kan'a-van) [Myrtelle May Canavan, American neu-
`carcinoma.
`rologist, 1879-1953]
`spongydegeneration ofthe central nervoussystem;
`a small cancer that maygive rise to clinically evident distant
`occult c.
`see under degeneration.
`metastases beforeit is itself clinically detectable; cf. /atent c.
`Can-a-van-van Bo-gaert-Ber-trand disease (kan‘a-van vahn bo’gert
`soot c.
`chimney-sweeps’ c.
`bar-trahn’) [M.M. Canavan; Ludo van Bogaert, Belgian neurologist, 1897-
`swamp c.
`1. pythiosis.
`2. a generalterm for any ofseveral syndromes
`1989; Ivan Georges Bertrand, French neurologist, 1893-1965]
`spongy
`in horses consisting of skin or mucosal lesions with ulcers and granulom:-
`degeneration ofthe central nervous system; see under degeneration.
`tous tissue; they may be on the head, trunk, or legs. Included are cutaneous
`caneaveasnine (ke-nav’2-nén)
`an analogueofarginine foundin alfalfa
`habronemiasis, entomophthoromycosis, and pythiosis.
`seeds and thejack bean; used in experimental medicine to study enzymes
`tar ¢.
`squamous cell carcinoma caused by inflammatory irritation of
`fumes oftar or by theirritating effect of tar on the skin.
`that usually act on arginine.
`canCpeere (kan”sor-e’me-a)
`the presence of cancer cells in the
`can-cel-lateed (kan’ss-lat’ad)
`cellous.
`blood.
`(kan-sal’as) of a reticular, spongy, or lattice-like struc-
`can-celslous
`can-cer-ieci-dal
`(kan"sar-i-si’dal) [cancer + L. caedere to kill]
`oncolytic.
`ture; said mainly of bony tissue.
`can-cer-i-gen-ic (kan’sor-i-jen'ik)
`giving rise to a malignant tumoy
`can-celelus
`(kan-sal’ss) pl.
`cf. carcinogenic and sarcomagenic. Called also cancerogenic.
`arranged like a lattice.
`can-cero-ciedal
`(kan”sar-o-si‘dal)
`oncolytic.
`a neoplastic disease
`can-cer
`(kan’sar) [L. “crab,” “malignant tumor”)
`can-cerso-genric (kan”sar-o-jen‘ik)
`cancerigenic.
`the natural course ofwhich is fatal. Cancercells, unlike benign tumorcells,
`exhibit the properties of invasion and metastasis and are highly anaplastic.
`can-cero:phorbia (kan"ser-o-fo'be-a)
`cancerphobia.
`Cancerincludes the two broad categories of carcinoma and sarcoma, but in
`can-cer-ous (kan’sor-as) of the nature of or pertaining to cancer.
`normal usage it is often used synonymously with carcinoma.
`can-cer-sphosbia (kan’sar-fo'be-a) [cancer + -phobia]
`irrational fear of
`aniline ¢.
`cancer usually of the urinary bladder, occurring among those
`cancer.
`who work with aniline dyes; called also dye workers’ c.
`Can-ci-das
`betel c.
`a type of squamous cell carcinoma of the cheek mucous
`acetate.
`membranes, seen in India and other Asian countries where betel nut,
`oftenjpoee with tobacco,
`is held in the buccal vestibule for prolonged
`periods.
`chimney sweeps’ c.
`a
`type of squamous cell carcinoma ofthe skin of
`the scrotum that was formerly common in chimney sweeps owing to skin
`irritation by soot. Called also sootc.
`colloid c. mucinous carcinoma.
`contact c.
`cancer developing in a part of the body in contact with a
`previously existing cancer.
`cystic c.
`see under tumor.
`dendritic c. papillary carcinoma.
`cancer attacking simultaneously or
`c. a deux [Fr. “cancer in two”]
`consecutively two persons wholive together.
`dye workers’ c.
`aniline c.
`encephaloid c.
`former name for medullary carcinoma.
`endothelial c.
`endothelioma.
`epithelial c.
`carcinoma.
`glandular c.
`adenocarcinoma.
`
`having a lattice-like structure; can-
`
`cancel’li
`
`(L. “a lattice”]
`
`any structure
`
`—
`
`(kan-si'des)
`
`trademark for a preparation of caspofungi®
`
`cancroid.
`can-cri-form (kang’kri-form)
`can-croid (kang’kroid) [L. cancer, gen. cancri, crab, malignant tumor *
`-oid|
`resembling cancer.
`canker.
`canecrum (kang’krom) [L.]
`c. na’si- gangrenous rhinitis of children.
`c. o’ris noma (def. 1).
`the base SI unitof a
`can-dela (cd)
`(kan-del’a) [L. candela candle]
`nous intensity, equal to the luminousintensity, in a given direction,©
`source that emits a monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 1
`radial.
`and that hasa radiantintensity in that direction of 1/683 watt perste
`Called also candle.
`Can-dep-tin (kan-dep’tin)
`trademark for preparations of candicidin.
`can-de-sar-tan ci-lex-e-til
`(kan"de-sahr’tan)
`an
`angiotensin
`receptor antagonist, used as an antihypertensive; administere orally.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`GenomeEx. 10204
`Page 3 of 7
`
`Genome Ex. 1020
`Page 3 of 7
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`Carcinoma
`
`
`
`
`
`structures resembling,
`
`the
`
`a
`
`or adnexa),
`
`i
`
`basal cell c., cystic a rare subtype occurring as a cystic lesion
`acinar ¢., acinic cell c., acinous c.
`a slow-
`i
`i
`rumor characterized byacinic cells arranged in mall.phaPeyca
`formed by central degeneration, characterized histologically by edema-
`tous stroma rimmed ie neoplastic cells.
`tures, usually occurringin the pancreasorsalivary
`glands, particularly in
`females. Called also acinar, acinic cell, or acinous
`i
`cot ieee
`basal cell c., fibroepithelial
`premalignant fibroepithelioma.
`cell or acinic cell tumor.
`basal cell c., infiltrating, basal cell c., infiltrative
`4 type in
`
`adenocystic c.
`adenoid cystic c.
`which strands of basal cells infiltrate between collagen bundles of the
`
`subcutaneous tissue.
`adenoid cystic c.
`carcinoma characterized by bands orcylinders of
`
`hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests or
`a form ofnodular basalcell carcinoma
`basal cell c., micronodular
`
`cords of small epithelial cells. It appears as one or more of three pat-
`in which the nodules are particularly small and usually do not ulcerate.
`terns: cribriform, solid, and tubular.Theusualsite is the salivary glands,
`
`basal cell c., morpheaform, basal cell c., morphealike, basal
`but histologicallysimilartumors era elsewhere. Malignant and
`inva-
`cell c., morpheic
`a
`usually seen on the face or neck as white,
`
`sive but soeeowing, it spreadsbyinfiltrating the bloodstream and
`scarlike, telangiectatic lesions with poorly defined borders, character-
`
`perineural spaces,
`also adenocystic ¢., cribriform c., and cylindroma.
`ized histologically by strands of basal cells surrounded by dense hya-
`ie stroma, and usually spreadinglaterally. Called alsosclerosingbasal
`NoTE: Certain unrelated tumors may havea cylindromatous or adenoid
`
`cell
`¢,
`ic pattern, e.g., ameloblastoma.
`adenoid squamouscell c.
`adenoacanthoma.
`basal cell c., multicentric, basal cell c., multifocal, basal cell
`c., multifocal superficial
`superficial basalcell
`c.
`adenosquamous ¢.
`1. adenoacanthoma.
`2. a diverse category of
`basal cell c., nodular
`the most commontype of basal cell carci-
`bronchogenic carcinoma _with areas of glandular, squamous, and
`noma,usually seen on the face as one or several small, waxy,translucent
`I
`differentiation;
`in some cases inclusion of a tumorin this
`nodules with rolled edges
`around a central depression; these may be
`category rather than in one of the more specific categories of broncho-
`ulcerated, crusted, or eet and may spread laterally or invade
`ic carcinoma has been questioned.
`deeply. Two subtypes are micronodular and noduloulcerative basal
`adnexal c’s
`9arse aoe carcinomas aoe:from, or forming
`cell carcinoma.
`Trrady trentatocne gland: ppendages (
`), particularly
`basal cell c., noduloulcerative
`nodular basal cell carcinoma that
`has undergone ulceration.
`basal cell c., pigmented a
`whose lesions contain brown or
`black pigment; it grows slowly and
`1s seen moreoften in darker-skinned
`individuals. Some cases are associated with chronic arsenic poisoning.
`basal cell c., sclerosing morpheaform basal cell c.
`basal cell c., superficial
`a type usually seen on the trunk as a
`plaque or plaques that are superficial, slowly eeerythematous,
`andscaly, Tilers threadlike, raised borders. Called
`multicentric or
`i
`basal cell c.
`basaloid c.
`1. a nonspecific term referring to any of numerous car-
`cinomas that resemble basal cell carcinoma.
`2. a rare transitional cell
`carcinoma of the anus, resembling basal cell carcinoma of the skin.
`Called also cloacogenic anal c.
`basosquamousc., basosquamous cellc.
`4 type of carcinoma of
`the skin that has elements of both basal cell and squamous cell types.
`bile duct c.
`1. cholangiocarcinoma.
`2. cholangiocellular c.
`bilharzial c.
`schistosomal bladderc.
`4
`bronchioalveolar ¢., bronchiolar c., bronchioloalveolar c.
`to
`variant
`type of adenocarcinoma of the lung, with columnar
`cuboidal epithelial cells lining the alveolar septa and projecting
`into alveolar spaces in branchingpapillary formations. Called also alveo-
`Jar c. or adenocarcinoma, alveolar cell c. or tumor, bronchiolar c. or adeno-
`carcinoma, bronchoalveolar c. ot adenocarcinoma, and bronchioalveolar
`adenocarcinoma.
`bronchoalveolarc., bronchoalveolar cell c. bronchioloalveolar c.
`bronchogenic c.
`any ofa large group of carcinomas ofthe lung, so
`called because they arise from the epithelium ofthe bronchial tree. Four
`primary subtypes are distinguished: adenocarcinoma ofthe lung, large cell
`carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.
`cholangiocellular ¢.
`a rare type of hepatocellular carcinoma arising
`from the obras composed oftumorcells resembling the epithe-
`lial cells of the
`cholangioles arranged in cords consisting oftwo layers of
`
`
`
`a malignant adrenal cor-
`¢, of adrenal cortex, adrenocortical c¢.
`tical tumor that can cause endocrine disorders such
`as Cushing syn-
`drome or adrenogenital syndrome.
`rare
`a
`aldosterone-producing c., aldosterone-secreting c.
`
`malignant form of aldosteronoma; it is larger than an aldosterone-pro-
`ducing adenoma.
`
`bronchioloalveolar c.
`alveolar c., alveolar cell c.
`ameloblastic c.
`a type of ameloblastoma in which malignantepithe-
`
`lial transformation. has occurred; the metastatic lesions do not resemble
`
`the primary tumor histologically, instead usually resembling squamous
`
`ampullary c.
`a subset of periampullary carcinoma that comprises
`
`tumors arising in the immediate vicinity of the sphincter of Oddi.
`
`anaplastic c. of thyroid gland, anaplastic thyroid c.
`a type of
`
`thyroid gland carcinoma with atypical cells ofvarious types and patterns;
`itmay be silent for years but then becomehighly malignantand locally
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
` C
`
`aaeeaain
`
`
`
`B c
`
`arcinoma. (A), Noduloulcerative; (B), pigmented; (©), superficial.
`
`295
`
`GenomeEx. 1020
`Page 4 of 7
`
`Genome Ex. 1020
`Page 4 of 7
`
`

`

`
`
`’\ 1 ]'IietsiiiI'( '' {|{ || ||||
`
`:
`
`296
`
`GenomeEx. 1020
`Page 5 of
`
`
`
`
`
`
`squamous cell c. (def. 2).
`a malignant epithelioma, such as of the respiratory tract
`
`Carcinoma Continued
`
`giant cellc.
`a poorly differentiated, highly malignant, epithelial neg.
`cells surrounding a minute lumen. Called also bile duct c., extrabepatic bile
`plasm containing numerous very large, multinucleated tumorcells, such
`duct c., and cholangiocarct
`i
`as occurs in the lungs.
`;
`:
`chorionic c.
`oriocarcinoma.
`giant cell c. of thyroid gland a type of anaplastic carcinomaofth,
`choroid plexus c.
`an aggressive anaplastic tumor representing
`thyroid
`gland, containing numerous giant cells, some of which i:
`malignant transformation of a choroid plexus papilloma.
`multinucleated.
`clear cellc.
`1. see under adenocarcinoma.
`2. renal cell c.
`c. gigantocellula’re
`giantcell c.
`clinging c. of breastarare form of ductal carcinomain situ.
`glandular c.
`adenocarcinoma.
`cloacogenic anal c.
`basaloid c. (def. 2).
`granulosa cell. c.
`a granulosa cell tumorthat has undergone malig.
`colloid c. mucinous c.
`nant transformation.
`comedo c.
`comedocarcinoma.
`hepatocellular c.
`primary carcinoma oftheliver cells; symptoms
`corpus c., c. of corpus uteri uterine corpus c.
`include hepatomegaly, abdominal pain, weight loss,
`jaundice, hemp.
`cortisol-producing c.
`a type of carcinomaof the adrenal cortex that
`peritoneum, and other symptoms of the presence of an abdominal
`secretes cortisol, causing Cushing syndrome.
`mass. It is rare in North America and Western Europe butis one of
`cribriform c.
`1. adenoid cystic c.
`2. an adenoid cystic carcinoma
`the most common malignancies
`in parts of sub-Saharan Africa
`of thelactiferous ducts, one of the subtypes of ductal carcinomain
`Southeast Asia, East Asia, and elsewhere. A strong association seems
`situ; many tumors have combined cribriform and micropapillary
`to exist with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, and definite but less
`strong associations with some types ofcirrhosis and hepatitis C virys
`patterns.
`cylindrical c., cylindrical cellc.
`a type in which thecells are cylin-
`infection. Called also roe malignant hepatoma, and hepatocarcinoma,
`drical (columnar) cells.
`Hiirthle cell c.
`a malignant Hiirthle cell tumor.
`duct c., ductal c.
`carcinoma ofa duct, such as of the pancreas or
`hypernephroid c.
`renal cell c.
`breast; see also ductal c. in situ.
`infantile embryonal c.
`yolk sac tumor.
`ductal c. of the prostate see under adenocarcinoma,
`infiltrating lobular ¢.
`invasive lobular c.
`ductal c. in situ (DCIS)
`anyofa large groupofin situ carcinomasof
`inflammatory c. of breast
`a highly malignant carcinomaof the
`thelactiferous ducts; subtypes distinguished byhistology include come-
`breast, presenting with pink to red skin discoloration,
`tenderness,
`docarcinoma,cribriform carcinoma, and micropapillary carcinoma, but
`edema, and rapid
`enlargement of the breast; it usually invades dermal
`ee tumors include areas of more than one type. Called also intraduc-
`«
`lymphatic vessels.
`
`¢. in situ a neoplastic entity whose tumorcells are confined to the
`eccrine c.
`any ofthe adnexal carcinomasthatoriginate in the eccrine
`
`epithelium oforigin, without invasion of the basement membrane; the
`likelihood of subsequent invasive growth is presumed to be high. See
`sweat glands; see also bidradenocarcinoma.
`
`embryonal c.
`a highly malignant germ cell tumorthatis a primitive
`also ductal c. in situ and lobular c. in situ. Called also preinvasive c.
`form of carcinoma, probably of primitive embryonal cell derivation; it
`intraductal c.
`1.
`any
`carcinoma
`of
`the
`epithelium of
`a
`
`anynenne cee cell tumor
`and has a histological appearance similar to that of a soll sac tumor, In
`
`duct.
`2. ductal c. in situ.
`intraepidermal ¢.
`carcinoma confined within the epidermis,
`the
`females, there is a median age of15; in males the majority of patients are
`basal layer of the epidermis not being penetrated by the proliferating
`adolescents or older.
`
`cells, as in Bowen disease.
`c. en cuirasse carcinoma of the skin manifest as thickening and
`intraepidermal squamouscellc. Bowen disease.
`induration over large areas ofthe chest, frequently as a result of metas-
`
`intraepithelial c.
`c. in situ.
`tasis from a primary breastlesion.
`intrahepatic bile duct c.
`cholangiocarcinoma(def. 1).
`
`endometrial c.
`carcinoma ofthe endometrium of the corpus uteri,
`invasive lobular c.
`an invasive type of carcinoma ofthebreastchar-
`one of the most common gynecological cancers, mainly affecting post-
`
`acterizedbylinear growth into desmoplastic stromaaroundthe terminal
`menopausal women; a common symptom is abnormal vaginal bleeding.
`part of the lobules of mammary glands; most cases develop from lobular
`
`It
`includes types ranging in malignancy from locally invasive to
`
`carcinomain situ.
`yolk sac tumor.
`juvenile embryonal c.
`Kulchitsky cell c.
`carcinoid tumorof the small or large intestine.
`
`large cell c.
`a type of bronchogenic carcinoma of undifferentiated
`
`(anaplastic) cells of large size, a variety of squamous cell carcinomathat
`
`has undergonefurther dedifferentiation.
`epidermoid c.
`leptomeningeal c. meningeal c.
`epithelial c.
`z
`lobular c.
`1. terminal duct c.
`2. see Jobular c. in situ.
`or ovary.
`lobular c. in situ (LCIS)
`a type of precancerous neoplasia found in
`
`c. ex pleomorphic adenoma.
`¢. ex mixed tumor
`the lobules of mammary glands, usually small and widely dispersed s0
`exophytic c.
`a malignantepithelial neoplasm with marked outward
`thatit is not palpable physically andis identified only on microscopl¢
`growth like a wart or papilloma.
`examination.
`It progresses slowly, sometimes developing into invasive
`
`c. ex pleomorphic adenomaatype of malignant pleomorphic ade-
`lobular carcinoma 10 to 15 yearsafter first being observed. Called also
`noma that usually occurs in the salivary glands of older adults; an epi-
`
`lobular neoplasia.
`thelial malignancy arises in a
`isting mixed tumor, with metastasis
`,
`lymphoepithelioma.
`lymphoepithelial c.
`only of the malignant
`epithelial
`component. The term is sometimes
`c. medulla're, medullary ¢.
`carcinoma composed mainlyofepithe:
`used Semmmaeneil malignant mixed tumor.
`
`lial elements with little or no stroma, found mostoften in the breast 7
`
`extrahepatic bile duct c.
`iocellular c.
`thyroid gland.
`fibrolamellar c.
`a rare variant of hepatocellular carcinoma in which
`medullary c. of thyroid gland, medullary thyroid c.
`a type of
`
`there is a solitary mass, no evidence ofcirrhosis, and no male predom-
`thyroid
`gland carcinoma that contains amyloid deposits and parafolli-
`inance. It is characterized histologically by eosinophilic
`hepa-
`cular cells
`and secretes calcitonin. It occurs in both an autosomal dom-
`
`that contain swollen mitochondria,
`plasmic
`ies, and
`inant form as a componentofmultiple endocrine neoplasia, types
`1!
`ine bodies and have prominent nucleoli;
`the cells are surrounded
`
`II, and in a nonfamilial form.
`by a stroma of thin
`el collagen bands. Called also ftbrolamellar
`
`melanotic c. malignant melanoma,
`hepatoma.
`meningsal Pre: carsincmiatcts diesen of the meninges pally
`follicular c. of thyroid gland, follicular thyroid c.
`a
`of thy-
`i
`carcinoma with manyfollicles, although it mayhee areas
`eefromsnaellungeescorbreastcancer. Calledalso
`arly
`the
`pia and arachnoid; it ma
`i
`or secondary, &$
`without follicles; it is more common in women and is more malignant
`Merkel aadc.
`a rapidly growing neneaeat dermal or subcutaneous
`
`than papillary carcinoma ofthyroid gland.
`gastric c.
`see under adenocarcinoma.
`tumor occurring on sun-exposed areas in middle-aged or older adults
`
`gelatiniform c., gelatinous c. mucinous c.
`
`
`
`Genome Ex. 1020
`Page 5 of 7
`
`

`

`
`
`Ca rein Oma Continued
`
`gran-
`ilar anastomosing trabeculae and small dense
`and containing irre
`ules typical of Merkel cells; whetherthese are thecells oforigin issui
`under debate. Called also neuroendocrine or trabecular c. ofthe skin and
`Merkel cell tumor.
`basosquamouscell c.
`metatypical cell c.
`microcystic adnexal c.
`a rare type of adnexal carcinomapresenting
`as a hard,pale or flesh-colored plaque or nodule, usually on the face,
`especially the upper lip or paranasal area. It arises from sweat
`gland
`tissue, grows slowly, and remainslocal, without metastasis. Called also
`sclerosing sweat duct c.
`micropapillary c.
`a type of ductal carcinomain situ characterized by
`a regular pattern of small bulbouspapillae; many tumors have combined
`micropapillary and cribriformpatterns,
`mucinous c.
`an adenocarcinomathat produces mucin in significant
`amounts. Calledalso colloid c. or cancer
`c¢, mucocellula're Krukenberg tumor.
`tumor of glandular
`mucoepidermoid c.
`a malignant epithelial
`tissue, especially the salivary glands, characterized by acini with
`mucus-producing cells and by
`the presence of malignant squamous
`elements;it may occuras a low, intermediate, or high grade mali nancy.
`nasopharyngeal c.
`a malignant tumorarising in the epithelial
`lining
`of the nasopharynx, occurring with a high
`frequency in people of
`Chinese ancestry. The Epstein-Barrvirus has been implicated as a caus-
`ative agent.
`neuroendocrine c. of the skin Merkelcell c.
`noninfiltrating c.
`c. in situ.
`a general
`non-small cell c., non-small cell lung c. (NSCLC)
`term comprising all lung carcinomas except small cell carcinoma, and
`including
`adenocarcinomaofthe hung,large cell carcinoma, and squa-
`mous cell
`carcinoma.
`eatcellc.
`a form of small cell carcinomain which thecells are round
`or elongated and slightly larger than lymphocytes; they have scanty
`cytoplasm and clump poorly.
`carcinoma in which there is osteoid or
`c. ossi'ficans, osteoid ¢.
`osseous metaplasia of the stroma.
`Paget c.
`Pagetdisease (def. 1).
`papillary c.
`carcinoma in which there are papillary excrescences,
`papillary c. of thyroid gland, papillary thyroid c.
`the most
`commonthyroid gland carcinoma, occurring often before age 40 and
`much more in women than in men.It woul has both papillary and
`follicular elements, grows slowly, and may remain localized for years.
`periampullary c.
`carcinomaarising in the immediate vicinity of the
`ampulla of Vater.
`pilar c.
`a solitary, nodular, sometimes ulcerated lesion of the hair
`follicle, usually on the scalp of elderly women;it is frequently recurrent
`and metastasizes to regional lymph nodes.
`planocellular c.
`squamous cell
`c.
`preinvasive c.
`c.in situ.
`prickle cell c.
`squamous cell c. (def. 1).
`;
`s
`primary intraosseous c.
`a rare epithelial odontogenic mine
`occurring in the mandible and maxilla,
`particularly of male adults, and
`believed to arise from odontogenic epithelial remnants.
`'
`renalcellc.
`carcinoma ofthe renal
`parenchyma,
`usually occurring in
`middle age or later and composed of tubular cells in iki arrange-
`ments; symptoms dependonextentof invasion. Called
`adenocaret-
`noma ofkidney, renal adenocarcinoma, and clear cell c.
`:
`Scar ¢.
`carcinoma associated with scarring, usually an adenocarci-
`nomaof the lung; the scar may either precede the carcinoma or be a
`tic response to it.
`Schistosomalbladder ¢.
`carcinoma ofthe wall ofthe urinary blad-
`der, usually a squamous cell carcinoma, caused by chronic infection and
`imitation by Sainets haematobium; called also bilbarzial c.
`Schneiderianc.
`a neoplasm of the mucosa ofthe nose and the para-
`nasal sinuses.
`scirrhous c.
`carcinomawith a hard structure owing to the formation
`ofdense
`connective tissue in the stroma. Called also
`,
`Sclerosing sweat duct c. microcystic adnexal c.
`_ Sebaceous c., sebaceous glandc.
`adnexal carcinoma ofthe seba-
`ceous glands, usually occurring as a slow-growing hard yellow nodule
`
`
`
`@ Squamouscell carcinoma; two separate tumors withdifferent morphologies in
`the preauricular region.
`
`a type of highly malignant, mucus-secreting
`signet ring cell c.
`tumor usually found in the stomach orintestine; the mucus-secreting
`cells called segnet ring cells are anaplastic.
`c. simplex an undifferentiated carcinoma.
`skin appendage c’s
`adnexalc’s.
`a common,highly malig-
`small cell c., small cell lung c. (SCLC)
`nant form of bronchogenic carcinoma in the wall of a major bronchus,
`occurring mainly
`in middle-aged individuals with a history of tobacco
`smoking; it is radiosensitive and has small oval undifferentiated cells that
`are intensely hematoxyphilic. Metastasis to the hilum and to mediastinal
`lymph nodes is common,
`spindle cell c.
`carcinoma,usually of the squamous cell type, marked
`by fusiform developmentofrapidlyproliferating cells.
`spinocellular c.
`squamouscell c. (def. 1).
`squamous c., squamous cell c.
`1. carcinoma developed from
`squamous epithelium, having cuboid cells and characterized by kera-
`tinization and often by preservation of intercellular bridges.
`In the
`skin, it may originate in sun-damaged areas or other pre-existinglesions.
`Initially local and superficial, the lesion may later invade and metasta-
`size. Called alsoprickle cell or spinocellular c.
`2. one of the most common
`types of bronchogeniccarcinoma, generally forming polypoid orsessile
`masses that obstruct the airways of the bronchi. It usually occurs in
`middle-aged individuals with a history of smoking. There is frequent
`invasion of blood and lymphatic vessels with metastasis to regional
`ph nodes and other sites. Called also epidermoid c.
`sweat gland c.
`hidradenocarcinoma.
`syringomatous ¢. microcystic adnexal c.
`terminal duct c.
`a slow-growing,locally invasive malignant neo-
`plasm composed of myoepithelial and ductal elements, occurring in
`the minorsalivary glands, particularly in the palate.
`trabecular c. of the skin Merkel cell c.
`transitional cell c.
`a malignant tumorarising from a transitional
`type ofstratified epithelium, usually affecting the urinary bladder.
`tubular c.
`1. an adenocarcinoma in which thecells are arranged in
`the form oftubules.
`2. a type ofbreast cancer in which small glandlike
`structures are
`ed andinfiltrate the stroma; it usually develops from
`an earlier ductal carcinomain situ andis rarely metastatic.
`undifferentiated c. of thyroid gland, undifferentiated thyroid
`c.
`anaplastic c. of thyroid gland.
`uterine corpus.
`carcinoma ofthe corpus uteri, usually endometrial
`carcinoma, oneof the most common gynecological cancers; it ranges in
`malignancy from locally invasive to metastatic.
`verrucous c.
`1. a variety
`of squamous cell carcinoma that has a
`predilection for the buccal
`mucosa but also affects other oral soft
`tissue and thelarynx.It is a slow-growing, somewhatinvasive, exophytic
`neoplasm, either papi
`or verrucous in a|
`ic: Buschke-
`Léwenstein tumor, so
`called because it is histologically similar to the
`oral lesion,
`villous c., ¢. villo'sum carcinoma in which the cells are arranged in
`
`a wipacesae ee cainiees s0
`plastic epithelium;
`seen in the gastrointestinal tract.
`yolk sac c.
`see under numor.
`
`“ed ies
`ies)
`ty
`ty
`at)
`ir tae Tw vegeolpes pete rua ie
`oUt Wein osaostrmedoding > yianat “ii
`
`A
`
`to
`
`ene.
`
`GenomeEx. 1020
`Page 6 of 7
`
`Genome Ex. 1020
`Page 6 of 7
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`eooeeeee eeeneeeaea
`flora of the nose and throat and are also isolated from blood, te
`car-ci-no-ma-ta (kahr’si-no'mo-ta) plural of carcinoma.
`ies
`is C. bo'minis.
`trha'mlele a species thatis part of the normalflora ofthe fags
`car-cienomeastoid §=(kahr’si-nom’s-toid)
`resembling carcinoma.
`pharynx, and also an etiologic agent of endocarditis.
`car-cieno-ma-to-pho-bia_ (kahr’si-no”ma-to-fo'be-9)_cancerphobia.
`car-dio-cai-ro-graph (kahr’de-o-ki’ro-graf)
`[cardio-(1)
`4 Ge.
`ia
`car-ci-no-masto-sis
`(kahr’si-no-mo-to’sis)
`the condition of wide-
`time + -graph]
`a technique by means of which radiographs of da ie
`spread dissemination of cancer throughout the body.
`can be madeat any chosen phase ofits cycle.
`Can
`leptomeningeal c. menin