10/18/24, 10:32 AM
`Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Photomicrography - CCD Electronic Shutters - Interactive Java Tutorial
`The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20021028042044/http://www.micro.magnet.fsu.edu:80/primer/java/digitalimaging/ccd/shutter/index.…
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`Interactive Java Tutorials
`
`Electronic Shutters
`
`Electronic shutters are employed in charge-coupled devices (CCDs) to control integration time
`(exposure) of the photodiode array and reduce smear when capturing moving objects in the
`microscope. Instructions for operation of the tutorial appear beneath the applet window.
`
`Interactive Java Tutorial
`
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`
`The tutorial initializes with the bias turned off to both the shutter and transfer gates so that the
`photodiode can proceed with charge integration. Use the mouse cursor to activate the Exposure
`button and trigger a sequence of shutter drain followed by charge transfer to the adjacent potential
`well. The Wavelength allows adjustment of incoming photon wavelength.
`
`Integration of electrons in the photodiode potential well is controlled by the exposure control gate,
`which will shunt electrons to the scavenger diode when biased on by the CCD clock circuitry. In
`some CCD configurations, the electronic shutter can be used to balance the color response of the
`red, green, and blue channels.
`
`Shutters allow all light sensitive photodiodes to be simultaneously erased without affecting
`darkened shift registers, thus controlling the time period between flushing the photodiodes and the
`start of the readout process. The exposure rate of an electronic shutter can vary between 1/60th
`and 1/16,000 second, depending upon CCD architecture.
`
`Contributing Authors
`Mortimer Abramowitz - Olympus America, Inc., Two Corporate Center Drive., Melville, New York, 11747.
`John C. Long and Michael W. Davidson - National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., The Florida State
`University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310.
`
`BACK TO DIGITAL IMAGING IN OPTICAL MICROSCOPY
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`© 1998-2002 by Michael W. Davidson, Mortimer Abramowitz, Olympus America Inc., and The Florida State University. All Rights Reserved.
`No images, graphics, scripts, or applets may be reproduced or used in any manner without permission from the copyright holders.
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`Last modification: Tuesday, Oct 22, 2002 at 02:40 PM
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