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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`_____________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`_____________
`
`GOOGLE LLC,
`SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD., and
`SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS AMERICA, INC.
`Petitioners,
`
`v.
`
`MULLEN INDUSTRIES LLC,
`Patent Owner.
`_____________
`
`Case No. IPR2025-00124
`Patent No. 8,374,575
`_____________
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`DECLARATION OF DAVID H. WILLIAMS
`
`Google Exhibit 1003
`Google v Mullen
`IPR2025-00124
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONDENSED)
`PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND ................................. 1
`I.
`II. MATERIALS REVIEWED AND CONSIDERED ........................................ 11
`III. MY UNDERSTANDING OF PATENT LAW ............................................... 13
`A. Anticipation ............................................................................................... 15
`B. Obviousness ............................................................................................... 16
`IV. PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART (“POSA”) ......................... 18
`V. THE ’575 PATENT ......................................................................................... 21
`A. Specification Embodiments ....................................................................... 21
`B. Prosecution History of the ’575 Patent ...................................................... 23
`C. The Challenged Claims ............................................................................. 24
`VI. CLAIM INTERPRETATION ......................................................................... 24
`VII. PRIOR-ART REFERENCES .......................................................................... 25
`A. Background on Motivation to Combine and Reasonable
`Expectation of Success in Combining Prior Art ....................................... 25
`B. Sheha (EX1005) ........................................................................................ 30
`C. Randall (EX1007) ...................................................................................... 42
`D. Tanaka (EX1011) ...................................................................................... 45
`E. Froeberg (EX1051) .................................................................................... 45
`VIII. THE CHALLENGED CLAIMS ARE UNPATENTABLE IN LIGHT
`OF THE PRIOR ART ...................................................................................... 46
`A. Ground 1: Claims 1-9, 11-12, and 30-37 are Unpatentable Over
`Sheha, With or Without Froeberg ............................................................. 47
`1. Discussion of Sheha (EX1005) ........................................................... 47
`2. Mapping of Sheha (Alone and With Froeberg) to Claims 1-9,
`11-12, and 30-37 .................................................................................. 50
`a. Claim 1 ........................................................................................ 50
`b. Claim 2: The method of claim 1, wherein said changing
`comprises adding an additional user to said list of users. ........... 85
`
`– i –
`
`

`

`c. Claim 3: The method of claim 1, further comprising
`transmitting the address of said location to said at least one
`of said users of said list of users. ................................................ 86
`d. Claim 4: The method of claim 1, further comprising: ............... 92
`e. Claim 5: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving said location by at least one of said plurality of
`wireless telephones; and displaying said location on said at
`least one of said plurality of wireless telephones ....................... 98
`f. Claim 6: The method of claim 1, further comprising
`determining a third location associated with one of said
`plurality of wireless telephones. ................................................. 99
`g. Claim 7: The method of claim 1, further comprising: ............. 100
`h. Claim 8: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`determining the distance between said first wireless
`telephone and at least one of said plurality of wireless
`telephones. ................................................................................. 103
`i. Claim 9: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`Element [9A]: receiving said location by at least one of
`said plurality of wireless telephones; Element [9B]:
`displaying a map on said at least one of said plurality of
`wireless telephones with a marker representative of said
`location. ..................................................................................... 104
`j. Claim 11: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`determining a third location of a device based on the IP
`address of said device; and transmitting said location to
`said device. ................................................................................ 109
`k. Claim 12: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving manual input for a third location wherein said
`third user is associated with said manually input third
`location. ..................................................................................... 113
`l. Claim 30 .................................................................................... 113
`m. Claims 31-37 ............................................................................. 114
`B. Ground 2: Claim 10 is Unpatentable Over Sheha in View of
`Randall Or Sheha in View of Froeberg and Randall ...............................114
`
`– ii –
`
`

`

`1. Claim 10: The method of claim 1, wherein the location is
`obtained by way of manual input that is received by way of a
`locate button provided on said first wireless telephone. ...................114
`C. Ground 3: Claims 12-29, and 38-45 are Unpatentable Over Sheha
`in View of Tanaka Or Sheha in View of Froeberg and Tanaka ..............115
`1. Discussion of Tanaka (EX1011) .......................................................115
`2. Discussion of Sheha-Tanaka/Sheha-Froeberg-Tanaka
`Combinations .....................................................................................116
`3. Mapping of Sheha-Tanaka Combination to Claims 12-29 and
`38-45 ..................................................................................................117
`a. Claim 12: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving manual input for a third location wherein said
`third user is associated with said manually input third
`location. ..................................................................................... 117
`b. Claim 13: The method one of said plurality of users. .............. 120
`c. Claim 14 .................................................................................... 127
`d. Claim 15 .................................................................................... 132
`e. Claim 38 .................................................................................... 133
`f. Claims 16-29 and 39-45 ............................................................ 133
`D. Ground 4: Claim 46 is Unpatentable Over Sheha in View of Tanaka
`and Randall Or Sheha in View of Froeberg, Tanaka, and Randall .........136
`1. Claim 46: The method of claim 38, wherein location is obtained
`by way of manual input manual input that is received by way of
`a locate button provided on said first wireless telephone. ................136
`E. Ground 5: Claims 1-46 are Unpatentable Over Randall, With or
`Without Froeberg .....................................................................................137
`1. Discussion of Randall (EX1007-EX1008) ........................................137
`2. Mapping of Randall (With or Without Froeberg) to Claims 1-46 ....141
`a. Claim 1 ...................................................................................... 141
`b. Claim 2: The method of claim 1, wherein said changing
`comprises adding an additional user to said list of users. ......... 161
`
`– iii –
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`

`

`c. Claim 3: The method of claim 1, further comprising
`transmitting the address of said location to said at least one
`of said users of said list of users. .............................................. 161
`d. Claim 4: The method of claim 1, further comprising: ............. 167
`e. Claim 5: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving said location by at least one of said plurality of
`wireless telephones; and displaying said location on said at
`least one of said plurality of wireless telephones. .................... 173
`f. Claim 6: The method of claim 1, further comprising
`determining a third location associated with one of said
`plurality of wireless telephones. ............................................... 173
`g. Claim 7: The method of claim 1, further comprising: ............. 174
`h. Claim 8: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`determining the distance between said first wireless
`telephone and at least one of said plurality of wireless
`telephones. ................................................................................. 177
`i. Claim 9: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`Element [9A]: receiving said location by at least one of
`said plurality of wireless telephones; and Element [9B]:
`displaying a map on said at least one of said plurality of
`wireless telephones with a marker representative of said
`location. ..................................................................................... 183
`j. Claim 10: The method of claim 1, wherein the location is
`obtained by way of manual input that is received by way
`of a locate button provided on said first wireless
`telephone. .................................................................................. 187
`k. Claim 11: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`determining a third location of a device based on the IP
`address of said device; and transmitting said location to
`said device. ................................................................................ 188
`l. Claim 12: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving manual input for a third location wherein said
`third user is associated with said manually input third
`location. ..................................................................................... 192
`m. Claim 13 .................................................................................... 197
`n. Claim 14 .................................................................................... 205
`
`– iv –
`
`

`

`o. Claim 15 .................................................................................... 214
`p. Claim 30 .................................................................................... 214
`q. Claim 38 .................................................................................... 215
`r. Claims 16-29, 31-37, and 39-46 ............................................... 215
`IX. COMMENTS ON MULLEN’S CHARACTERIZATION OF MY
`DEPOSITION TESTIMONY CITED IN IPR2023-00097, PAPER 13 .......219
`X. APPENDIX: CLAIM LISTING ....................................................................238
`
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`
`
`– v –
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`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS (FULL)
`
`I.
`PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND ................................. 1
`II. MATERIALS REVIEWED AND CONSIDERED ........................................ 11
`III. MY UNDERSTANDING OF PATENT LAW ............................................... 13
`A. Anticipation ............................................................................................... 15
`B. Obviousness ............................................................................................... 16
`IV. PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART (“POSA”) ......................... 18
`V. THE ’575 PATENT ......................................................................................... 21
`A. Specification Embodiments ....................................................................... 21
`B. Prosecution History of the ’575 Patent ...................................................... 23
`C. The Challenged Claims ............................................................................. 24
`VI. CLAIM INTERPRETATION ......................................................................... 24
`VII. PRIOR-ART REFERENCES .......................................................................... 25
`A. Background on Motivation to Combine and Reasonable
`Expectation of Success in Combining Prior Art ....................................... 25
`B. Sheha (EX1005) ........................................................................................ 30
`C. Randall (EX1007) ...................................................................................... 42
`D. Tanaka (EX1011) ...................................................................................... 45
`E. Froeberg (EX1051) .................................................................................... 45
`VIII. THE CHALLENGED CLAIMS ARE UNPATENTABLE IN LIGHT
`OF THE PRIOR ART ...................................................................................... 46
`A. Ground 1: Claims 1-9, 11-12, and 30-37 are Unpatentable Over
`Sheha, With or Without Froeberg ............................................................. 47
`1. Discussion of Sheha (EX1005) ........................................................... 47
`2. Mapping of Sheha (Alone and With Froeberg) to Claims 1-9,
`11-12, and 30-37 .................................................................................. 50
`a. Claim 1 ........................................................................................ 50
`i.
`Preamble [1PRE]: A method comprising: ......................... 51
`ii. Element [1A]: obtaining a location of a first wireless
`telephone; ............................................................................ 51
`
`– vi –
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`

`

`iii. Element [1B]: transmitting said location from said
`first wireless telephone to a remote server; ........................ 53
`iv. Element [1C]: changing, at the direction of said first
`wireless telephone, a list of users on said remote
`server for a profile associated with said first wireless
`telephone that are allowed to access said location,
`wherein each user of said list of users is
`representative of one of a plurality of wireless
`telephones; .......................................................................... 53
`v. Element [1D]: transmitting said location from said
`remote server to at least one of said users of said list
`of users; ............................................................................... 72
`vi. Element [1E]: determining a second location
`associated with one of said plurality of wireless
`telephones; and ................................................................... 73
`vii. Element [1F]: providing directional information to
`said one of said plurality of wireless telephones,
`wherein said directional information is representative
`of directions between said location and said second
`location. ............................................................................... 74
`b. Claim 2: The method of claim 1, wherein said changing
`comprises adding an additional user to said list of users. ........... 85
`c. Claim 3: The method of claim 1, further comprising
`transmitting the address of said location to said at least one
`of said users of said list of users. ................................................ 86
`d. Claim 4: The method of claim 1, further comprising: ............... 92
`i. Element [4A]: obtaining the address of said location
`from a remote information provider; and ........................... 92
`ii. Element [4B]: transmitting the address of said
`location to said at least one of said users of said list
`of users. ............................................................................... 98
`e. Claim 5: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving said location by at least one of said plurality of
`wireless telephones; and displaying said location on said at
`least one of said plurality of wireless telephones ....................... 98
`
`– vii –
`
`

`

`f. Claim 6: The method of claim 1, further comprising
`determining a third location associated with one of said
`plurality of wireless telephones. ................................................. 99
`g. Claim 7: The method of claim 1, further comprising: ............. 100
`i. Element [7A]: receiving said location by at least one
`of said plurality of wireless telephones; and .................... 100
`ii. Element [7B]: displaying the name of said location
`on said at least one of said plurality of wireless
`telephones. ........................................................................ 100
`h. Claim 8: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`determining the distance between said first wireless
`telephone and at least one of said plurality of wireless
`telephones. ................................................................................. 103
`i. Claim 9: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`Element [9A]: receiving said location by at least one of
`said plurality of wireless telephones; Element [9B]:
`displaying a map on said at least one of said plurality of
`wireless telephones with a marker representative of said
`location. ..................................................................................... 104
`j. Claim 11: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`determining a third location of a device based on the IP
`address of said device; and transmitting said location to
`said device. ................................................................................ 109
`k. Claim 12: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving manual input for a third location wherein said
`third user is associated with said manually input third
`location. ..................................................................................... 113
`l. Claim 30 .................................................................................... 113
`m. Claims 31-37 ............................................................................. 114
`B. Ground 2: Claim 10 is Unpatentable Over Sheha in View of
`Randall Or Sheha in View of Froeberg and Randall ...............................114
`1. Claim 10: The method of claim 1, wherein the location is
`obtained by way of manual input that is received by way of a
`locate button provided on said first wireless telephone. ...................114
`
`– viii –
`
`

`

`C. Ground 3: Claims 12-29, and 38-45 are Unpatentable Over Sheha
`in View of Tanaka Or Sheha in View of Froeberg and Tanaka ..............115
`1. Discussion of Tanaka (EX1011) .......................................................115
`2. Discussion of Sheha-Tanaka/Sheha-Froeberg-Tanaka
`Combinations .....................................................................................116
`3. Mapping of Sheha-Tanaka Combination to Claims 12-29 and
`38-45 ..................................................................................................117
`a. Claim 12: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving manual input for a third location wherein said
`third user is associated with said manually input third
`location. ..................................................................................... 117
`b. Claim 13: The method one of said plurality of users. .............. 120
`i.
`Preamble [13PRE]: A method comprising: ...................... 120
`ii. Element [13A]: determining a location of a first
`wireless telephone; ............................................................ 121
`iii. Element [13B]: transmitting said location from said
`first wireless telephone to a remote server; ...................... 121
`iv. Element [13C]: changing a list of users on said
`remote server for a profile associated with said first
`wireless telephone that are allowed to access said
`location, wherein each user of said list of users is
`representative of one of a plurality of wireless
`telephones; ........................................................................ 121
`v. Element [13D]: transmitting an alert message,
`comprising information associated with said location,
`from said remote server to a user of said list of users
`when said user is within a certain distance of said
`location;............................................................................. 122
`vi. Element [13E]: determining a second location
`associated with said wireless telephone associated
`with said one user; and ..................................................... 126
`vii. Element [13F]: providing directional information to
`said wireless telephone associated with said user,
`wherein said directional information is representative
`
`– ix –
`
`

`

`of directions between said location and said second
`location. ............................................................................. 127
`c. Claim 14 .................................................................................... 127
`i.
`Preamble [14PRE]: A method comprising: ..................... 127
`ii. Element [14A]: obtaining a location of a first
`wireless telephone; ............................................................ 128
`iii. Element [14B]: transmitting said location from said
`first wireless telephone to a remote server; ...................... 128
`iv. Element [14C]: changing, at the direction of said
`first wireless telephone, a list of users on said remote
`server for a profile associated with said first wireless
`telephone that are allowed to access said location,
`wherein each user of said list of users is
`representative of one of a plurality of wireless
`telephones; and ................................................................. 129
`v. Element [14D]: transmitting said location from said
`remote server to at least one of said users of said list
`of users; ............................................................................. 129
`vi. Element [14E]: receiving manual input for a second
`location;............................................................................. 130
`vii. Element [14F]: determining an identity of a second
`user for a device by way of a login; and ........................... 130
`viii. Element [14G]: transmitting said location to said
`device ................................................................................ 131
`ix. Element [14H]: wherein said second user is
`associated with said manually input second location. ...... 132
`d. Claim 15 .................................................................................... 132
`e. Claim 38 .................................................................................... 133
`f. Claims 16-29 and 39-45 ............................................................ 133
`i. Claims 16, 23, and 39 ....................................................... 133
`ii. Claims 17, 24, and 40 ....................................................... 133
`iii. Claims 18, 25, and 41 ....................................................... 134
`iv. Claims 19, 26, and 42 ....................................................... 134
`
`– x –
`
`

`

`v. Claims 20, 27, and 43 ....................................................... 134
`vi. Claims 21, 28, and 44 ....................................................... 135
`vii. Claims 22, 29, and 45 ....................................................... 136
`D. Ground 4: Claim 46 is Unpatentable Over Sheha in View of Tanaka
`and Randall Or Sheha in View of Froeberg, Tanaka, and Randall .........136
`1. Claim 46: The method of claim 38, wherein location is obtained
`by way of manual input manual input that is received by way of
`a locate button provided on said first wireless telephone. ................136
`E. Ground 5: Claims 1-46 are Unpatentable Over Randall, With or
`Without Froeberg .....................................................................................137
`1. Discussion of Randall (EX1007-EX1008) ........................................137
`2. Mapping of Randall (With or Without Froeberg) to Claims 1-46 ....141
`a. Claim 1 ...................................................................................... 141
`i.
`Preamble [1PRE]: A method comprising: ....................... 141
`ii. Element [1A]: obtaining a location of a first wireless
`telephone; .......................................................................... 142
`iii. Element [1B]: transmitting said location from said
`first wireless telephone to a remote server; ...................... 143
`iv. Element [1C]: changing, at the direction of said first
`wireless telephone, a list of users on said remote
`server for a profile associated with said first wireless
`telephone that are allowed to access said location,
`wherein each user of said list of users is
`representative of one of a plurality of wireless
`telephones; ........................................................................ 146
`v. Element [1D]: transmitting said location from said
`remote server to at least one of said users of said list
`of users; ............................................................................. 149
`vi. Element [1E]: determining a second location
`associated with one of said plurality of wireless
`telephones; and ................................................................. 150
`vii. Element [1F]: providing directional information to
`said one of said plurality of wireless telephones,
`wherein said directional information is representative
`
`– xi –
`
`

`

`of directions between said location and said second
`location. ............................................................................. 151
`b. Claim 2: The method of claim 1, wherein said changing
`comprises adding an additional user to said list of users. ......... 161
`c. Claim 3: The method of claim 1, further comprising
`transmitting the address of said location to said at least one
`of said users of said list of users. .............................................. 161
`d. Claim 4: The method of claim 1, further comprising: ............. 167
`i. Element [4A]: obtaining the address of said location
`from a remote information provider; and ......................... 167
`ii. Element [4B]: transmitting the address of said
`location to said at least one of said users of said list
`of users. ............................................................................. 172
`e. Claim 5: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving said location by at least one of said plurality of
`wireless telephones; and displaying said location on said at
`least one of said plurality of wireless telephones. .................... 173
`f. Claim 6: The method of claim 1, further comprising
`determining a third location associated with one of said
`plurality of wireless telephones. ............................................... 173
`g. Claim 7: The method of claim 1, further comprising: ............. 174
`i. Element [7A]: receiving said location by at least one
`of said plurality of wireless telephones; and .................... 174
`ii. Element [7B]: displaying the name of said location
`on said at least one of said plurality of wireless
`telephones. ........................................................................ 174
`h. Claim 8: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`determining the distance between said first wireless
`telephone and at least one of said plurality of wireless
`telephones. ................................................................................. 177
`i. Claim 9: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`Element [9A]: receiving said location by at least one of
`said plurality of wireless telephones; and Element [9B]:
`displaying a map on said at least one of said plurality of
`
`– xii –
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`

`

`wireless telephones with a marker representative of said
`location. ..................................................................................... 183
`j. Claim 10: The method of claim 1, wherein the location is
`obtained by way of manual input that is received by way
`of a locate button provided on said first wireless
`telephone. .................................................................................. 187
`k. Claim 11: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`determining a third location of a device based on the IP
`address of said device; and transmitting said location to
`said device. ................................................................................ 188
`l. Claim 12: The method of claim 1, further comprising:
`receiving manual input for a third location wherein said
`third user is associated with said manually input third
`location. ..................................................................................... 192
`m. Claim 13 .................................................................................... 197
`i.
`Preamble [13PRE]: A method comprising: ..................... 197
`ii. Element [13A]: determining a location of a first
`wireless telephone; ............................................................ 198
`iii. Element [13B]: transmitting said location from said
`first wireless telephone to a remote server; ...................... 198
`iv. Element [13C]: changing a list of users on said
`remote server for a profile associated with said first
`wireless telephone that are allowed to access said
`location, wherein each user of said list of users is
`representative of one of a plurality of wireless
`telephones; ........................................................................ 199
`v. Element [13D]: transmitting an alert message,
`comprising information associated with said location,
`from said remote server to a user of said list of users
`when said user is within a certain distance of said
`location .............................................................................. 199
`vi. Element [13E]: determining a second location
`associated with said wireless telephone associated
`with said one user; and ..................................................... 204
`vii. Element [13F]: providing directional information to
`said wireless telephone associated with said user,
`
`– xiii –
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`

`

`wherein said directional information is representative
`of directions between said location and said second
`location. ............................................................................. 204
`n. Claim 14 .................................................................................... 205
`i.
`Preamble [14PRE]: A method comprising: ...................... 205
`ii. Element [14A]: obtaining a location of a first
`wireless telephone; ............................................................ 205
`iii. Element [14B]: transmitting said location from said
`first wireless telephone to a remote server; ...................... 206
`iv. Element [14C]: changing, at the direction of said
`first wireless telephone, a list of users on said remote
`server for a profile associated with said first wireless
`telephone that are allowed to access said location,
`wherein each user of said list of users is
`representative of one of a plurality of wireless
`telephones; and ................................................................. 206
`v. Element [14D]: transmitting said location from said
`remote server to at least one of said users of said list
`of users; ............................................................................. 207
`vi. Element [14E]: receiving manual input for a second
`location;............................................................................. 207
`vii. Element [14F]: determining an identity of a second
`user for a device by way of a login; and ........................... 208
`viii. Element [14G]: transmitting said location to said
`device ................................................................................ 213
`ix. Element [14H]: wherein said second user is
`associated with said manually input second location. ...... 213
`o. Claim 15 .................................................................................... 214
`p. Claim 30 .................................................................................... 214
`q. Claim 38 .................................................................................... 215
`r. Claims 16-29, 31-37, and 39-46 ............................................... 215
`i. Claims 16, 23, 31, and 39 ................................................. 215
`ii. Claims 17, 24, 32, and 40 ................................................. 215
`
`– xiv –
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`

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`iii. Claims 18, 25, 33, and 41 ................................................. 216
`iv.