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`August/September 2013
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`1/18
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`Genius Sports Ex. 1040
`p. 1
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`

`

`Ustream, Justin.tv, Livestream, and Bambuser: Streaming Unplugged
`
`With just a laptop and a camcorder, four leading live streaming service providers let you
`deliver webcasts from almost any location.
`
`By Jan Ozer
`For the rest of the June/July 2012 issue of Streaming Media magazine please click here
`Page 1
`
`If you have a camcorder at any enterprise, institutional, or even social event, you should
`consider streaming that event live. Live streaming can be free or relatively inexpensive, and
`live streaming services such as Ustream, Justin.tv, Livestream, and Bambuser are all
`reasonably easy to use. In the pages that follow, I present reviews of these four services;
`there are more out there, but these four have emerged as leaders, particularly during the
`Arab Spring and worldwide Occupy protests of the past year.
`
`All live streaming services providers (LSSPs) share three main components -- the channel
`page, the embeddable player, and encoding options -- and these are the three areas I
`focused on in the reviews that follow.
`
`The channel page is the page on the service’s website where viewers go to watch your
`videos. This is obviously most important to organizations that want the bulk of their views to
`come on the channel page, as opposed to an embedded player on their own site or on a
`third-party site.
`
`When comparing the channel pages, I looked at page configurability, monetization options,
`the number of eyeballs that the streaming service could direct to your video, social media
`options, and the playback experience on iOS and Android devices. For those who want to
`control the distribution of their videos, I also looked at the access control options available for
`each site and alternatives for moderating or otherwise controlling chat and comments.
`
`Regarding the embedded player, I looked at how the feature set compared to the channel
`page; for example, whether you could access the same level of chat and social media-
`related functions and your video library. I also looked at how the embedded player performed
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`2/18
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`Genius Sports Ex. 1040
`p. 2
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`

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`on Android and iOS devices and whether the site could embed a video feed into Facebook,
`as opposed to providing a link back to the channel page.
`
`All of these LSSPs offer browser-based encoding tools driven by the Adobe Flash Player,
`which provided ease of use but universally poor quality since Flash Player uses very
`outdated codecs. So here, I looked at the feature set and ease of use of other encoders
`offered by the site, as well as how easy the service made it to use third-party encoders such
`as the Adobe Flash Media Live Encoder and Telestream, Inc.’s popular Wirecast.
`
`Ustream
`Ustream is the largest live streaming service provider and offers an unlimited free live
`streaming service funded by advertising, as well as white-label versions starting at $99 per
`month. Otherwise, Ustream is competent throughout, with highlights such as the ability to
`deliver multiple user-selectable streams. My only reservation is the clumsy embedded player;
`it would return me to the Ustream channel page when I click any videos in the library.
`
`Ustream offers extensive monetization programs, including advertising splits, and pay-per-
`view and subscription offerings. Ustream also offers lots of control over your videos. You can
`make any individual video private or only viewable by those in a group. You can also make
`your channel private, remove it from Ustream.tv, and restrict embedding to specific URLs.
`Corporate sites might also value the ability to moderate all comments before they appear,
`while all users will appreciate the easy ability to download previous broadcasts.
`
`CHANNEL PAGE
`
`Ustream offers very rich channel pages and an equally rich broadcast experience. Notable
`features include the ability to schedule broadcasts, which appear as upcoming shows on
`your channel page. Once completed, you can add highlights in your broadcasts, which are
`essentially cue points with a short text description that viewers can jump to. You get all the
`expected social media options such as tweeting, liking to Facebook, and +1-ing to Google+.
`
`On the design side, you can add iFrames to your channel page, creating custom content
`boxes that you can populate as desired. Beyond that, Ustream lets you create extensions
`that display links beneath your videos to products that you sell (on Amazon, iTunes, or
`Thumbplay), your Twitter and Facebook pages, and banners that you can link to your
`website or any other site. That’s how I created the link to my book beneath the player in
`Figure 1. You can also see the Streaming Learning Center text overlay on the upper left of
`the video in Figure 1, another nice (and rare) design option.
`
`When your channel isn’t live, you have several options, including playing your last recorded
`video, a specified playlist, or a slideshow that you can create in the administrative module; all
`are great options to make sure that your channel never goes dark. This worked well on my
`desktop and Android players, though on my iOS devices, Ustream simply showed a video
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`3/18
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`Genius Sports Ex. 1040
`p. 3
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`

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`window with the message “This content is currently not online” in both the channel player
`and the embedded players. During the broadcast, you can add text overlays to your live
`stream (see Figure 1) or post polls, though neither of these appeared on videos playing on
`my iPad or iPod touch. They did appear on my Android-based Toshiba Thrive and in the
`embedded player.
`
`Figure 1. The Ustream landing page is very feature-rich, including those links to ecommerce
`sites such as Amazon beneath the player.
`
`On the iPad, Ustream took a few moments to “optimize” the stream, and then it played in a
`window with frequent pauses for rebuffering. I asked a Ustream rep about this, and he said
`that the stream needs to be repackaged for iOS. But once this is done, subsequent users
`should be able to play the files without this lag, which my tests confirmed. On the Toshiba
`Thrive, the video played quickly and responsively within the video window on the page, with
`very little latency.
`
`EMBEDDED PLAYER
`
`4/18
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`p. 4
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`

`

`Ustream’s embedded player is not a particular strength of the system. You have two options:
`You can embed the live video player -- sans chat or access to the video library -- or you can
`embed the Social Stream, which provides access to the video library and chat (Figure 2). Of
`course, you can embed both, but the result is a bit clunky -- two separate but related clumps
`of content on a page (Figure 3).
`
`Figure 2. Ustream’s embed options: You have to embed both Live and Social Stream to have
`access to your video library and chat.
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`5/18
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`

`

`Figure 3. Two embedded players, one atop the other
`
`The embedded player itself is functional, so long as you embed both parts; otherwise, your
`viewers won’t get chat or access to your video library. On my test computer, my iPad, and the
`Toshiba Thrive, the live video stream played in the embedded video window. On the iPod
`touch, the video played in full screen.
`
`However, if you click a video in the video library in the embedded player on any platform, the
`viewer jumps to your Ustream channel page to play the file; with Livestream and Bambuser,
`the file plays in the embedded player. I asked the Ustream rep about this, and he said that
`the video should play in the embedded player and that the company would look into what
`was happening.
`
`THE BROADCAST EXPERIENCE
`
`Ustream’s browser-based encoder is both easy to use and well-featured, though lacking
`specific data rate control, which is frustrating when broadcasting over limited bandwidth. As
`you can see in Figure 4, beneath the main encoding controls are tabs where you can access
`the tools for adding text and polls and disk-based videos, which is a nice feature for longer
`events when you’ll need a break in the broadcasting. Video quality was very good at the
`maximum quality setting, which had no problem streaming through my 800Kbps or so
`outbound connection. CPU use during the broadcast on my HP 8760w EliteBook notebook,
`with a 2.3 GHz four-core i7-2820QM CPU, maxed out at 11 percent.
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`6/18
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`Figure 4. I liked Ustream’s browser-based broadcast module.
`
`In addition to broadcasting from the browser, Ustream also offers three desktop applications,
`Ustream Producer (free), Producer Pro ($199), and Producer Studio ($549), all de-featured
`versions of Telestream’s Wirecast Pro. There’s a handy-dandy features table on Ustream’s
`website (www.ustream.tv/producer) that details the differences in the versions.
`
`If you’re encoding with Adobe’s Flash Media Live Encoder, you can download an XML file
`with your configuration information; for other encoders, Ustream provides the RTMP URL
`and Stream Key, which should get you up and running with no problem. Note that you can’t
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`7/18
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`produce multiple streams for Ustream to distribute with the browser-based encoder but you
`can with any Producer version or third-party program that can produce multiple streams,
`including the Adobe Flash Media Encoder.
`
`After your big event, Ustream provides playback metrics that show unique viewers and
`viewer hours, as well as the number of highlights created from your videos, the size of your
`crowd, and the RSVPs received for your events. You can view all metrics in a graph or export
`the raw numbers as a PDF or CSV file.
`
`Ustream’s size allows it to deliver lots of eyeballs to your channel page, if that’s what you’re
`looking for, and the site offers competent or better functionality in all critical areas, particularly
`channel page customization and ecommerce options. The site needs to be on the short list of
`any organizations seeking an LSSP.
`
`Justin.tv
`Justin.tv is a great site for those seeking eyeballs in the gamer/skateboard set, but there’s no
`whitebox version, so you can’t eliminate advertising in or around your webcasts. Encoding
`controls were simple, so it’s also a good option for technically unsophisticated users, though
`video quality was very modest, as were the features surrounding the embedded player,
`which will not play in iOS devices unless the user buys an app.
`
`CHANNEL PAGE
`
`Justin.tv offers good control over the videos on your channel site, including the ability to
`password protect them and to prevent others from embedding them or exporting them to
`YouTube (Figure 5). That said, you can’t download your broadcasts, which was a feature
`offered by most other sites.
`
`8/18
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`

`

`Figure 5. Justin.tv provides good control over videos on your site.
`
`Channel page configuration options are extensive. Chat functions are well-configured, with
`native chat facility that lets you ban certain words, ban certain chatters, and add a Twitter
`hashtag to all messages. Additionally, visitors can tweet about the channel page or any
`specific videos, like the page for Facebook, or spread the word about the video via MySpace
`or regular email. In addition, if enabled, they can create highlights from your videos,
`essentially excerpted portions with separate titles and descriptions.
`
`CHANNEL LANDING PAGE
`
`Justin.tv’s channel page has good links to social media, but it has lots of ads, and video
`quality was mediocre using the site’s browser-based player (Figure 6). If you try to watch
`videos on your channel page on an iOS device, you’ll get a pitch to buy the required app, but
`then you can navigate to the full website, where you’ll see the video thumbnails. But if you try
`to play a video, you’ll get a Flash error message. The channel site worked fine on my
`Toshiba Thrive, but that was in Flash, an experience that will degrade over time since Adobe
`will not continue to advance the Flash player on that platform.
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`9/18
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`Figure 6. Justin.tv’s channel page has good links to social media, but it has lots of ads, and
`video quality was mediocre using the site’s browser-based player.
`
`EMBEDDED PLAYER
`
`Justin.tv’s embedded player is a simple player window, with no social media links, branding,
`or access to older content (Figure 7). You can add a chat window, but as with Ustream, you
`have to embed the player and chat function separately, and the result is not as compact as
`other solutions. Other sites offer a lot more here; for example, Ustream lets you choose a
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`10/18
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`video playlist or slideshows to present when you’re not broadcasting, and Livestream and
`Bambuser let you display your entire video library in the embedded player and include links
`to social media.
`
`Figure 7. Justin.tv’s Plain Jane embedded player is bulky because the player and chat are
`not integrated.
`
`The embedded Justin.tv player didn’t appear in the iPad or iPod touch, which was expected.
`On the Toshiba Thrive, the thumbnail appeared, and the video played normally. Speaking of
`embedding, from the broadcast console, you can connect to your Facebook account and
`embed the video on your wall, to a page, in a group, or on a friend’s page.
`
`THE BROADCAST EXPERIENCE
`
`Broadcasting is exceptionally simple. Once you sign up, click Go Live and then click Allow to
`let Flash player access your camera and microphone (Figure 8) and then click Start. To set
`up video, you can choose the camera and adjust a bitrate slider with a floating tool tip
`showing the data rate. You can’t directly control details such as resolution, audio bitrate, or
`configuration, so it’s better for newbies than control freaks. With audio, you can choose an
`input device and adjust volume, with a volume meter to help you make your adjustments.
`
`Figure 8. Justin.tv’s browser-based capture tool favored ease of use over configurability.
`
`At 500Kbps, the video was noticeably blocky, as you can see in Figure 6. At 700Kbps, video
`quality improved noticeably, but it was pushing the limits of my outbound DSL, and I
`experienced significant frame dropping and stuttering. I checked CPU utilization on my HP
`8760w EliteBook notebook, which has eight cores with hyperthreading technology enabled,
`and it maxed out at 9 percent CPU.
`
`11/18
`
`Genius Sports Ex. 1040
`p. 11
`
`

`

`Broadcasting to Justin.tv via Telestream Wirecast was simple. Just choose the Justin.tv
`output setting and enter your username and password; Wirecast logs you right in. It’s pretty
`sweet, and with presets for Livestream, Ustream, and other services, the experience should
`be similarly polished on those platforms. Not only was Wirecast easy to use, the quality was
`much better than that produced natively by Justin.tv, most likely because I used the H.264 for
`Wirecast while the browser-based version uses the Sorenson video codec.
`
`With Flash Media Live Encoder, things are more complex, but Justin.tv has a short tutorial
`that walks you through downloading an XML configuration file, importing that into Live
`Encoder, and setting the necessary configuration options. If you choose Justin.tv as your live
`streaming service provider, consider using a third-party encoding tool that produces H.264,
`which looked great at 500Kbps. No matter which encoding option you choose, however, you
`can’t produce multiple streams, as that’s not a feature offered by the site.
`
`Overall, Justin.tv’s clear strengths are its ability to reach young viewers and ease of use,
`while notable deficiencies include the inability to disable advertisements, an anemic
`embedded player, and the lack of free iOS playback. While Justin.tv is a wonderfully popular
`site for its target audience, it wouldn’t be my first choice for live streaming facility unless I
`was trying to reach that audience.
`
`Livestream
`Livestream offers a fully featured landing page and embedded player, three free encoding
`options, and the abilities to upload disk-based video files and import videos from YouTube,
`which makes it close to a full-service online video platform. Extensive social media support
`throughout and an impressive metrics package should also place it on the short list of any
`enterprise seeking a live streaming service provider.
`
`In terms of size, Livestream is one of the top three live streaming service providers, with free
`service limited to SD resolution at 500Kbps and for-fee packages for HD video starting at
`$350 per month. The service offers multiple monetization opportunities, including advertising
`splits and pay-per-view and subscription offerings.
`
`Livestream offers good control over who can view or embed your videos. For example, you
`can require viewers to input an email address before viewing (though there is no verification)
`and/or require password protection. You can also remove your site from the Livestream
`Channel Guide, limiting visibility and access even further, and limit embedding to specified
`URLs.
`
`CHANNEL PAGE
`
`Livestream’s channel page is feature-rich and highly configurable, with the ability to control
`almost every item that appears on the page (Figure 9). You can upload a banner logo and
`set the target URL, upload a custom watermark for displaying over the video, schedule
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`upcoming events, and use a native chat function, with moderation, or Facebook and Twitter
`chat.
`
`Figure 9. Livestream’s landing page options
`
`Other social media support on the channel page is extensive and configurable. As with
`Ustream, viewers can embed video into their Facebook walls so that it plays in Facebook,
`rather than simply providing links to external channel pages. Your viewers can also post links
`to the videos in Twitter and MySpace and via email; they can leave comments via Facebook,
`so their comments get posted to their walls and your channel page simultaneously (Figure
`10).
`
`Figure 10. The Livestream channel page
`
`All that said, Livestream lacks some features offered by other services, such as Ustream’s
`ecommerce-related extensions or the ability for viewers to post video comments. While the
`most configurable, Livestream isn’t the most feature-rich, though it is close to the top.
`
`In operation, the channel page worked as expected on the desktop and on my iPad. On the
`iPod touch, it was too small for use, so viewers would be better off downloading the free app.
`On the Android-based Toshiba Thrive, the page looked normal, but all video playback was at
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`13/18
`
`Genius Sports Ex. 1040
`p. 13
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`

`

`full screen.
`
`EMBEDDED PLAYER
`
`Like Bambuser, Livestream offers a compact player with all the required features, including
`access to the video library and chat, customizable size, and full pre-embed preview, so you
`can see what you’re getting before you embed it (Figure 11).
`
`Figure 11. The embedded player, showing a view of Procaster desktop streaming with the
`video shown in 3D mode
`
`Note that the embedded player only displays this way on the Flash platform. On both iOS
`devices and the Toshiba Thrive, when I wasn’t broadcasting, the embedded player appeared
`as a black box with color bars and a message: “This channel is not live. Only live streams
`and mobile compatible video clips appear on mobile devices.” Also, the video library was not
`accessible.
`
`BROADCASTING LIVESTREAM
`
`Livestream offers three free encoding tools, the browser-based Webcaster and Studio
`encoders, and Procaster, a desktop application available on Windows and the Mac.
`Webcaster is based on the Flash Player and provides three video presets, Low, Medium, and
`High, but the data rate and resolutions aren’t specified or controllable, which is frustrating
`when you’re trying to stream via bandwidth-limited connections. Webcaster also provides
`access to chat and social media links, so you can broadcast and promote from a single
`interface.
`
`Studio is much more comprehensive than Webcaster, with the ability to mix live and on-
`demand content, switch between multiple live cameras, and cue multiple on-demand clips for
`24/7 playback. This is especially alluring given Livestream’s rare ability to import disk-based
`files and files from YouTube. But be advised: Studio is complex and difficult to learn. Like
`Webcaster, Studio doesn’t produce mobile-compatible streams.
`
`The final tool is Procaster, which produces higher-quality video than the other two encoders
`and offers the ability to produce multiple streams for desktop and mobile playback (Figure
`12). Delivery isn’t truly adaptive; rather, it’s YouTube-style bitrate selection on the desktop
`and a single stream for mobile. Still, it enables the use of H.264 compression with direct
`control over frame rate, data rate, and resolution, which is rare in this product category and
`obviously useful.
`
`Figure 12. Livestream’s Procaster can produce multiple streams, including a stream for
`mobile delivery.
`
`14/18
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`p. 14
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`

`

`In addition, one useful feature for the PowerPoint or software demo crowd is Procaster’s
`ability to broadcast a screen, either stand-alone or with a 2D or 3D video insert, such as that
`shown in Figure 3. Also, during a broadcast, Procaster provides continual feedback
`regarding the event, with a status box telling you the frame rate, data rate, CPU utilization
`(less than 11 percent on my HP 8760w), and a warning if either CPU utilization goes too high
`or if encoded frames get backed up while pushing them to the server.
`
`METRICS GALORE
`
`Livestream provides comprehensive channel metrics, including the number of daily unique
`viewers and viewer minutes, daily streams, and daily peak viewers, as well as views by video
`title, the geolocation of your viewers, and the location of your embedded players and
`referrers. All reports can be customized for a particular date range and can be printed and
`exported into PDF.
`
`In its current iteration, Livestream does a very competent job in all critical areas and should
`be strongly considered by any organization seeking an LSSP, whether looking for eyeballs, a
`strong embedded player, or both. In April 2012, Livestream will roll out a new platform that
`enhances the live feel of any streamed event, with the ability to blog and upload pictures and
`videos to the channel page in real time, before, during, and after the event. It will also enable
`true adaptive streaming for Flash and HLS-compatible mobile devices.
`
`Bambuser
`Bambuser’s strengths include overall ease of use, support for more than 300 mobile devices
`for broadcasting and playback, the ability to deliver multiple video streams, and a compact
`embedded player. On the other hand, Bambuser lacks the traffic offered by Ustream,
`Justin.tv, and Livestream, making it a bad choice if you’re hoping your LSSP can direct
`eyeballs to your videos. Also, Bambuser generally offers fewer features than these other
`sites.
`
`Bambuser’s channel page is plain and non-configurable but functional (Figure 13). The
`default view is a world map that shows the location of the broadcaster, which is unique and
`kind of fun. Other tabs show basic site information such as location and owner, comments
`from viewers, and sharing functions, which includes posting a link to Facebook, Twitter, and
`several other services, as well as chat. The channel page also provides access to all
`archived videos, plus live videos from other Bambuser broadcasters.
`
`Figure 13. Bambuser’s channel page
`
`Bambuser’s access control is very limited; videos are either public, where anyone can watch
`them, or private, where only you can watch them, but nothing in between. Other sites offer
`the ability to password protect videos, which would have been useful. Other sites also offer
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`15/18
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`

`more established programs for pay-per-view and subscription offerings, so Bambuser
`shouldn’t be your top choice if you’re seeking to monetize your video.
`
`Bambuser’s embedded player is compact and competent, packing a relevant range of
`features into a tight space that will fit neatly into a webpage. You can customize the size to
`your liking and choose to include or exclude features such as a Facebook Like button,
`sharing options, access to archived content, and basic account information (Figure 14). A
`preview mode makes it easy to see which options you’re selecting.
`
`Figure 14. Bambusers’ embedding options
`
`However, Bambuser doesn’t offer advanced features such as Ustream’s extensions or the
`ability to schedule broadcasts. Bambuser also can’t match features such as accessing
`Facebook and Twitter chat during your broadcasts, which several other services offer, and it
`can’t embed a player in Facebook to play video there -- you can only provide a link within
`Facebook.
`
`BROADCASTING WITH BAMBUSER
`
`Bambuser’s browser-based broadcast console is easy to use but lacks features such as the
`ability to specify an outbound audio and video data rate, which is essential to a smooth live
`streaming performance. As you can see in Figure 15, you also have a volume control, frame
`rate control, and access to chat, as well as sharing options.
`
`Figure 15. Bambuser’s web-based broadcast module
`
`The embedded player (Figure 16) worked well during playback on my desktop computer and
`Toshiba Thrive, but the Flash-drive player didn’t appear on my iPad or iPod touch device,
`though Bambuser should be offering HTML5 embed codes soon. The videos did play on my
`iOS devices from the channel page on Bambuser. On all platforms, the video played with
`minimal latency, but video quality was marred by faint blockiness throughout, which I saw in
`all video created using Flash Player-based browser encoder.
`
`Figure 16. Bambuser’s compact and efficient embedded player
`
`Seeking improved quality, I went to Bambuser’s channel page, which has clear instructions
`for working with third-party tools such as the Adobe Flash Media Live Encoder and
`Telestream Wirecast. Specifically, you can download an XML file from your channel page to
`import the tools that provide all the necessary login credentials and server addresses. After
`that, it’s business as usual; choose your audio and video sources and start the broadcast.
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`Video quality was noticeably better using the H.264 codec available in both Wirecast and
`Flash Media Live Encoder, plus you get much more precise controls for audio and video
`bandwidth. If you choose Bambuser as your live streaming service provider, you should
`definitely consider using one of these third-party tools.
`
`Since one of Bambuser’s key strengths is mobile-based broadcasting, I ran some quick tests
`using the company’s iPhone/iPod touch app (Figure 17). Once I got the free app
`downloaded and logged in, broadcasting was quite simple. In addition, unlike most other
`services, if you’re broadcasting over bandwidth limited pipes, Bambuser captures the video
`on your mobile device at full quality and can upload the higher-quality file after the broadcast
`is complete. That way, you have a high-quality version to serve as your on-demand file.
`
`Figure 17. Broadcasting from Bambuser’s mobile player was quite simple.
`
`On the other hand, Bambuser lacked features such as polling and chat, which were available
`on Ustream’s iPhone app, though how you could shoot video on an iPhone and chat at the
`same time is totally beyond me (you probably need to be a teenager to accomplish that).
`
`Consider Bambuser for your live broadcasts if you need extensive mobile support, which
`Bambuser lists at http://bambuser.com/phones. It’s also a good choice for those looking for
`overall ease of use, since the relative lack of features does translate into a cleaner interface
`with fewer options. Avoid Bambuser if you’re seeking eyeballs or established programs for
`video monetization.
`
`This article first appeared in the June/July 2012 issue of Streaming Media under the title
`"Streaming Unplugged."
`
`Page 1
`
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`our comprehensive chart comparing Livestream, Justin.tv, Bambuser, MultiStream, and
`Ustream.
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`Featured Articles: Livestream Broadcaster Review: Deliver Rich Live Events for Less
`This $495 device helps Livestream transition from a channel-based service to an event-
`based service.
`
`Online Video News: Livestream Doubles Down on Hardware with Studio HD500
`The Studio HD500 is an $8,500 hardware switcher with broadcast-level bells and whistles,
`and it can stream to other services besides Livestream.
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