UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`_______________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`_______________
`
`
`COMCAST CABLE COMMUNICATIONS, LLC,
`Petitioner
`
`v.
`
`TOUCHSTREAM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
`Patent Owner
`
`
`Patent No. 8,356,251
`Filing Date: September 26, 2011
`Issue Date: January 15, 2013
`Title: PLAY CONTROL OF CONTENT ON A DISPLAY DEVICE
`
`Inter Partes Review No.: IPR2024-00322
`
`________________
`
`
`DECLARATION OF DAVID B. LETT
`
`IN SUPPORT OF PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW
`UNDER 35 U.S.C. §§ 311-319 AND 37 C.F.R. § 42.100 et seq.
`
`
`
`
`Declaration in Support of Petition 2 of 2
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Comcast, Ex. 1102
`
`

`

`8.
`
`6.
`7.
`
`Page
`INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1
`1.
`PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND AND QUALIFICATIONS .................. 1
`2.
`3. MATERIALS CONSIDERED ....................................................................... 7
`4.
`UNDERSTANDING OF APPLICABLE LEGAL STANDARDS .............. 11
`5.
`THE RELEVANT ART AND LEVEL OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE
`RELEVANT ART ......................................................................................... 16
`CLAIM CONSTRUCTION .......................................................................... 17
`OVERVIEW OF THE ’251 PATENT .......................................................... 21
`7.1. Prosecution History ............................................................................ 23
`OVERVIEW OF THE PRIOR ART ............................................................. 28
`8.1. Streaming Formats and VOD ............................................................. 28
`8.2. Media Players ..................................................................................... 30
`8.3. Applications on TVs and STBs .......................................................... 31
`8.4. Device Casting .................................................................................... 32
`8.5. Remote Viewing ................................................................................. 33
`8.6. File Extensions and MIME Types ...................................................... 34
`8.7. Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) ...................................... 36
`8.8. Look-Up Tables (LUTs) ..................................................................... 38
`8.9. U.S. Pat. No. 9,490,998 - Danciu (Ex. 1112) ..................................... 38
`8.10. U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0172757 - Aldrey (Ex. 1115) ............................. 51
`8.11. U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0078812 - Calvert (Ex. 1111) ............................. 56
`8.12. U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0248802 - Mahajan (Ex. 1114) ........................... 63
`IDENTIFICATION OF HOW CLAIMS ARE UNPATENTABLE ............ 67
`9.
`10. SUMMARY OF OPINIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE ’251 PATENT ... 67
`11. Danciu-Mahajan or Danciu-Mahajan-Calvert Render Claims 1-26
`Obvious ......................................................................................................... 68
`11.1 Independent Claim 1 ............................................................................. 68
`11.2 Dependent Claim 2 ............................................................................. 94
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`i
`
`

`

`11.3 Dependent Claim 3: “The method of claim 1 wherein converting
`the command into corresponding programming code to control
`the media player includes using information in a look-up table.” ...... 97
`11.4 Dependent Claim 4: “The method of claim 3 wherein the look-
`up table stores a plurality of specific commands, each of which
`represents, respectively, a corresponding command for a
`different media player.” ...................................................................... 98
`11.5 Dependent Claim 5: “The method of claim 1 wherein the
`universal command represents an instruction to play the video
`content, to stop playing the video content or to pause playing the
`video content.” .................................................................................. 100
`11.6 Dependent Claim 6: “The method of claim 1 wherein the video
`content is an interactive video game.” .............................................. 100
`11.7 Dependent Claim 7: “The method of claim 1 wherein the video
`content is streaming media.” ............................................................. 102
`11.8 Dependent Claim 8: “The method of claim 1 wherein the
`synchronization code is uniquely associated with the display
`device on which the video content is to be played.” ......................... 103
`11.9 Dependent Claim 9: “The method of claim 8 wherein the
`synchronization code is different from an IP address associated
`with the display device and is different from a MAC address
`associated with the display device.” ................................................. 103
`11.10 Dependent Claim 10: “The method of claim 8 wherein assigning
`a synchronization code includes assigning a randomly generated
`code to the display device each time the display device connects
`to the server system.” ........................................................................ 104
`11.11 Independent Claim 11 ....................................................................... 105
`11.12 Dependent Claim 12: [12A]-[12C]: “The system of claim 11
`including: a library storing protocols or application programming
`interfaces, wherein the server system is configured to check the
`identity of the media player identified in the one or more signals
`from the personal computing device, load an appropriate set of
`protocols or application programming interfaces from the library
`based on the identity of the media player, and convert the
`command from
`the personal computing device
`into a
`corresponding programming code to control the media player.” ..... 108
`
`ii
`
`

`

`11.13 Dependent Claim 13: “[13A]-[13C]: “The system of claim 11
`including: a look-up table storing a plurality of commands each
`of which is for a particular type of media player, wherein the
`server system is configured to convert the command into
`corresponding programming code to control the media player
`based on information in the look-up table.” ..................................... 109
`11.14 Dependent Claim 14: “The system of claim 11 wherein the look-
`up table stores a correspondence between the universal command
`and a plurality of specific commands, each of which is for a
`different media player.” .................................................................... 109
`11.15 Dependent Claim 15: “The system of claim 14 the server system
`is configured to convert the universal command by selecting
`from among the plurality of specific commands stored in the
`look-up table.” .................................................................................. 110
`11.16 Dependent Claim 16: “The system of claim 11 wherein the
`universal command represents an instruction to play the video
`content, to stop playing the video content or to pause playing the
`video content.” .................................................................................. 110
`11.17 Dependent Claim 17: “The system of claim 11 wherein the video
`content is an interactive video game.” .............................................. 110
`11.18 Dependent Claim 18: “The system of claim 11 wherein the video
`content is streaming media.” ............................................................. 111
`11.19 Dependent Claim 19: “The system of claim 11 wherein the
`synchronization code is uniquely associated with the display
`device on which the video content is to be played.” ......................... 111
`11.20 Dependent Claim 20: “The system of claim 19 wherein the
`synchronization code is different from an IP address associated
`with the display device and is different from a MAC address
`associated with the display device.” ................................................. 111
`11.21 Dependent Claim 21: “The system of claim 19 wherein the server
`system is configured to assign as the synchronization code a
`randomly generated code each time the display device connects
`to the server system.” ........................................................................ 111
`11.22 Independent Claim 22 ....................................................................... 112
`11.23 Dependent Claim 23: “The method of claim 22 wherein the
`display device comprises a television set with a display screen.” .... 117
`
`iii
`
`

`

`11.24 Dependent Claim 24: “The method of claim 22 wherein the
`display device comprises a laptop or personal computer.” ............... 117
`11.25 Dependent Claim 25: “The method of claim 22 wherein each of
`the first and second commands represents an instruction to play
`the respective video file, to stop playing the respective video file
`or to pause playing the respective video file.” .................................. 118
`11.26 Dependent Claim 26: “The method of claim 22 wherein the
`display device checks whether the respective media player
`needed to play the particular one of the video files already is
`loaded in the display device before obtaining a copy of the media
`player over the Internet.” .................................................................. 118
`12. Aldrey-Mahajan Renders Claims 1-26 Obvious ......................................... 119
`12.1 Independent Claim 1 ........................................................................... 120
`12.2 Dependent Claim 2 ........................................................................... 136
`12.3 Dependent Claim 3: “The method of claim 1 wherein converting
`the command into corresponding programming code to control
`the media player includes using information in a look-up table.” .... 137
`12.4 Dependent Claim 4: “The method of claim 3 wherein the look-
`up table stores a plurality of specific commands, each of which
`represents, respectively, a corresponding command for a
`different media player.” .................................................................... 138
`12.5 Dependent Claim 5: “The method of claim 1 wherein the
`universal command represents an instruction to play the video
`content, to stop playing the video content or to pause playing the
`video content.” .................................................................................. 140
`12.6 Dependent Claim 6: “The method of claim 1 wherein the video
`content is an interactive video game.” .............................................. 140
`12.7 Dependent Claim 7: “The method of claim 1 wherein the video
`content is streaming media.” ............................................................. 141
`12.8 Dependent Claim 8: “The method of claim 1 wherein the
`synchronization code is uniquely associated with the display
`device on which the video content is to be played.” ......................... 142
`12.9 Dependent Claim 9: “The method of claim 8 wherein the
`synchronization code is different from an IP address associated
`
`iv
`
`

`

`with the display device and is different from a MAC address
`associated with the display device.” ................................................. 142
`12.10 Dependent Claim 10: “The method of claim 8 wherein assigning
`a synchronization code includes assigning a randomly generated
`code to the display device each time the display device connects
`to the server system.” ........................................................................ 143
`12.11 Independent Claim 11 ....................................................................... 144
`12.12 Dependent Claim 12: [12A]-[12C]: “The system of claim 11
`including: a library storing protocols or application programming
`interfaces, wherein the server system is configured to check the
`identity of the media player identified in the one or more signals
`from the personal computing device, load an appropriate set of
`protocols or application programming interfaces from the library
`based on the identity of the media player, and convert the
`command from
`the personal computing device
`into a
`corresponding programming code to control the media player.” ..... 147
`12.13 Dependent Claim 13: “[13A]-[13C]: “The system of claim 11
`including: a look-up table storing a plurality of commands each
`of which is for a particular type of media player, wherein the
`server system is configured to convert the command into
`corresponding programming code to control the media player
`based on information in the look-up table.” ..................................... 148
`12.14 Dependent Claim 14: “The system of claim 11 wherein the look-
`up table stores a correspondence between the universal command
`and a plurality of specific commands, each of which is for a
`different media player.” .................................................................... 148
`12.15 Dependent Claim 15: “The system of claim 14 the server system
`is configured to convert the universal command by selecting
`from among the plurality of specific commands stored in the
`look-up table.” .................................................................................. 148
`12.16 Dependent Claim 16: “The system of claim 11 wherein the
`universal command represents an instruction to play the video
`content, to stop playing the video content or to pause playing the
`video content.” .................................................................................. 149
`12.17 Dependent Claim 17: “The system of claim 11 wherein the video
`content is an interactive video game.” .............................................. 149
`
`v
`
`

`

`12.18 Dependent Claim 18: “The system of claim 11 wherein the video
`content is streaming media.” ............................................................. 149
`12.19 Dependent Claim 19: “The system of claim 11 wherein the
`synchronization code is uniquely associated with the display
`device on which the video content is to be played.” ......................... 149
`12.20 Dependent Claim 20: “The system of claim 19 wherein the
`synchronization code is different from an IP address associated
`with the display device and is different from a MAC address
`associated with the display device.” ................................................. 150
`12.21 Dependent Claim 21: “The system of claim 19 wherein the server
`system is configured to assign as the synchronization code a
`randomly generated code each time the display device connects
`to the server system.” ........................................................................ 150
`12.22 Independent Claim 22 ....................................................................... 150
`12.23 Dependent Claim 23: “The method of claim 22 wherein the
`display device comprises a television set with a display screen.” .... 155
`12.24 Dependent Claim 24: “The method of claim 22 wherein the
`display device comprises a laptop or personal computer.” ............... 157
`12.25 Dependent Claim 25: “The method of claim 22 wherein each of
`the first and second commands represents an instruction to play
`the respective video file, to stop playing the respective video file
`or to pause playing the respective video file.” .................................. 157
`12.26 Dependent Claim 26: “The method of claim 22 wherein the
`display device checks whether the respective media player
`needed to play the particular one of the video files already is
`loaded in the display device before obtaining a copy of the media
`player over the Internet.” .................................................................. 157
`13. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................... 158
`CLAIM LISTING APPENDIX ............................................................................. 159
`
`vi
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`

`

`I, David B. Lett, declare that I have personal knowledge of the facts set forth
`
`in this declaration and, if called to testify as a witness, could and would do so
`
`competently.
`
`1. INTRODUCTION
`I have been retained as an expert witness on behalf of the Petitioner,
`1.
`
`Comcast Cable Communications, LLC, for the above-referenced inter partes review
`
`proceeding.
`
`2.
`
`I have been asked to provide a declaration regarding certain matters
`
`pertaining to U.S. Patent No. 8,356,251 (“the ’251 Patent”) (Ex. 1101) and the
`
`unpatentability grounds set forth in the Petition for this proceeding. My experience
`
`with television distribution systems, Set Top Boxes (STBs), Electronic Program
`
`Guides (EPGs), Video on Demand (VOD), and content delivery systems provides
`
`me with an understanding of the subject matter described and claimed in the ’251
`
`Patent.
`
`3.
`
`I am being compensated at my usual consulting rate of $350 per hour
`
`for my work on this matter. My compensation is in no way dependent upon my
`
`opinions or testimony or the outcome of this proceeding. I have no financial interest
`
`in the party or in the outcome of this proceeding.
`
`2. PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND AND QUALIFICATIONS
`I am a technical consultant and product development industry veteran
`4.
`
`with expertise in electronics, software, hardware, video, audio, and data
`
`
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`
`
`1
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`

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`communications, having led product development organizations in cable, satellite,
`
`consumer electronics, home automation, asset tracking, remote tank logistics, and
`
`alarm industries. My current curriculum vitae is attached as Appendix A and some
`
`highlights follow.
`
`5.
`
`I earned my B.S. in Electrical Engineering (1982) with high honors
`
`from the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, Tennessee. I also attended the
`
`Georgia Institute of Technology from 1986 to 1987, completing 40% of the required
`
`degree hours for the M.S. Electrical Engineering program.
`
`6.
`
`From 1982 to 1985, I worked at Scientific Atlanta as an Electrical
`
`Engineer designing video, audio, and data communications equipment for the cable
`
`television industry. I designed software and hardware including addressable data
`
`transmitters, video sync suppression scramblers, transaction format converters, and
`
`data channel monitors for addressable Cable Television systems and Set Top Boxes.
`
`7.
`
`From 1983 to 1985, while working at Scientific Atlanta, I also worked
`
`as an Assistant Professor at DeVry Institute of Technology, teaching courses in
`
`electronics and microprocessor hardware/software.
`
`8.
`
` From 1985 to 1990, I worked at Wegener Communications as a Senior
`
`Electrical engineer, designing satellite communications equipment including
`
`forward error correction (FEC) coding systems, PSK modems, and analog control
`
`systems for RF modulators and PSK demodulators. I was promoted to the Hardware
`
`
`
`
`
`2
`
`
`
`

`

`Engineering Manager, where I managed product development of video, audio, and
`
`data satellite receivers, modulators, graphics display systems, DSP-based
`
`compandors, FSK and PSK satellite modems, multiplexers, forward error correction
`
`(FEC) codecs, RF upconverters and downconverters, and baseband analog and
`
`digital processing components.
`
`9.
`
`In 1990, I returned to Scientific Atlanta, which was acquired by Cisco
`
`in 2006. I worked as Engineering Manager running the set top box engineering
`
`group where I was promoted to Director and Vice President during my tenure until
`
`2011. I led the design of many cable set top boxes and systems through the evolution
`
`of analog video, addressability, downloadable software, electronic program guides,
`
`digital video, VOD, software applications, high-definition TV, DVR, DOCSIS, full
`
`spectrum tuners, and multiroom DVR. These systems implemented various
`
`technologies including DOCSIS 1/2/3 and hybrid gateways, 802.11, IPTV, DVR,
`
`cable modems, ADSL, VDSL, DVB-T/C/S, bootloaders, factory diagnostics,
`
`application frameworks, Nagra, DRMs, conditional access, secure microprocessors,
`
`device management, Android, Adobe Flash, Linux, DVD play/record, MPEG-4,
`
`MPEG-2, H.264, NTSC, PAL, DAVIC, MoCA, high-performance CPUs,
`
`cablecards, network processors, HDMI, multiple video/audio display interfaces,
`
`2D/3D graphics, multiple RF tuners, and full spectrum tuners.
`
`
`
`
`
`3
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`
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`

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`10. From 2011 to 2016, I worked for EchoStar Technologies, which served
`
`as the product development organization for sister company DISH Network. I
`
`served as Vice President of Engineering and was the Head of the Atlanta research
`
`and development center. I led the development of satellite set top boxes, consumer
`
`electronic equipment, and a home automation and security system. Technologies
`
`used included video/audio, IoT, H.265, HEVC, 3D, Satellite, wireless, MoCA,
`
`transcoding, embedded C Linux applications, mobile applications (IOS and
`
`Android), SaaS, web applications (Javascript, HTML), BSS/OSS, AWS cloud
`
`storage, 2-way video/audio streaming, authentication, and VoIP.
`
`11.
`
`In 2016, I started an independent consulting business in technology and
`
`intellectual property projects. I have consulted in various technology areas and
`
`industries including consumer electronics, Internet of Things (IoT), cable, satellite,
`
`television, media, and cryptocurrency.
`
`12. From 2019 to 2022, I worked as Chief Technology Officer for Telular,
`
`an Ametek company. I was responsible for the development of Industrial Internet
`
`of Things (IIoT) recurring revenue solutions, combining wireless technologies,
`
`purpose-built hardware, and SaaS in the commercial telematics, security and home
`
`automation markets and sold under the SkyBitz and Telguard brands.
`
`
`
`
`
`4
`
`
`
`

`

`13.
`
` My record of professional service includes awards on products I
`
`designed and developed from several organizations in my field of expertise,
`
`including Best of Show, Technology Emmy, and Best of Innovations.
`
`14.
`
`I am a named inventor on 86 patents and published patent applications
`
`corresponding to the areas of my professional work. The patents and published
`
`applications involving video and audio technologies include:
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 9,882,736 titled “Remote Sound Generation for a
`Home Automation System”
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 9,615,139 titled “Determining Device That
`Performs Processing of Output Pictures”
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 8,549,567 titled “Media Content Sharing Over a
`Home Network”
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 8,161,388 titled “Interactive discovery of display
`device characteristics”
`
`• U.S. Patent Nos. 8,120,924, 7,240,217, 6,785,817, 6,564,324,
`6,212,278, and 5,440,632 titled “Reprogrammable Subscriber
`Terminal”
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 7,908,625 titled “Networked Multimedia System”
`
`• U.S. Patent Nos. 7,861,272 and 7,849,486 titled “Networked
`Subscriber Television Distribution”
`
`• U.S. Patent Nos. 7,774,820 and 7,069,578 titled “Settop Cable
`Television Control Device and Method Including Bootloader
`Software and Code Version Table for Maintaining and Updating
`Settop Receiver Operating System Software”
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 5,771,064 titled “Home Communications Terminal
`having an Applications Module”
`
`
`
`
`
`5
`
`
`
`

`

`• U.S. Patent No. 5,715,515 titled “Method and Apparatus for
`Downloading On-Screen Graphics and Captions to a Television
`Terminal”
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 5,657,414 titled “Auxiliary Device Control for a
`Subscriber Terminal”
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 5,592,551 titled “Method and Apparatus for
`Providing Interactive Electronic Programming Guide”
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 5,539,822 titled “System and Method for Subscriber
`Interactivity in a Television System”
`
`• U.S. Patent No. 5,357,276 titled “Method of Providing Video On
`Demand with VCR Like Functions”
`
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. 2004/0068753 and
`2008/0072272 titled “Video Transmission Systems and Methods for
`a Home Network”
`
`• U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0133911 titled
`“Subscriber Network in a Satellite System”
`I have a general understanding of the U.S. patent prosecution process
`
`15.
`
`and of the novelty and non-obviousness requirements for patentability.
`
`16.
`
`I believe that my extensive industry experience and educational
`
`background qualify me as an expert in the relevant field of multimedia content
`
`management retrieval and distribution systems. I am knowledgeable of the relevant
`
`skill set that would have been possessed by a hypothetical person of ordinary skill
`
`in the art at the time of the invention of the ’251 Patent, which I (as I discuss below)
`
`understand is late 2010 or early 2011.
`
`
`
`
`
`6
`
`
`
`

`

`3. MATERIALS CONSIDERED
`In formulating my opinion, I reviewed and considered U.S. Pat. No.
`17.
`
`8,356,251 to Strober (Ex. 1101), as to which I am offering my opinion regarding the
`
`validity of certain claims, as discussed herein.
`
`18.
`
`In preparing this declaration, I also reviewed and considered the
`
`Petition and the file history of the ’251 Patent (included in Ex. 1104) as well as the
`
`following references:
`
`• Ex. 1103:
`
`Curriculum Vitae of David B. Lett
`
`• Ex. 1104:
`8,356,251
`
`Certified Copy of Prosecution History of U.S. Pat. No.
`
`• Ex. 1105-10: Omitted
`
`• Ex. 1111:
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0078812 (“Calvert”)
`
`• Ex. 1112:
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,490,998 (“Danciu”)
`
`• Ex. 1113:
`Provisional”)
`
`U.S. Pat. Application No. 61/411,386 (“Danciu
`
`• Ex. 1114:
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0248802 (“Mahajan”)
`
`• Ex. 1115:
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0172757 (“Aldrey”)
`
`• Ex. 1116-19: Omitted
`
`• Ex. 1120:
`
`• Ex. 1121:
`
`Joint Claim Construction Statement, Touchstream
`Technologies, Inc. v. Google LLC, 6:21-cv-00569-ADA
`(WDTX) (Feb. 8, 2022)
`
`Exhibit 1 to Joint Disputed Claim Terms Charts,
`Touchstream Technologies, Inc. v. Vizbee, Inc., 1:17-cv-
`06247-PGG-KNF (SDNY) (Aug. 6, 2018)
`
`
`
`
`
`7
`
`
`
`

`

`• Ex. 1122:
`
`Jury Instructions, Touchstream Technologies, Inc. v.
`Google LLC, 6:21-cv-00569-ADA (WDTX) (July 21,
`2023)
`
`• Ex. 1123-29: Omitted
`
`• Ex. 1130:
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2002/0104096 (“Cramer”)
`
`• Ex. 1131:
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 7,356,575 (“Shapiro”)
`
`• Ex. 1132:
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 7,269,842 (“Estipona”)
`
`• Ex. 1133:
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0267899 (“Rahman”)
`
`• Ex. 1134:
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0098533 (“Henshaw”)
`
`• Ex. 1135:
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0172656 (“Kim”)
`
`• Ex. 1136:
`
`Omitted
`
`• Ex. 1137:
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 7,343,419 (“Robinson”)
`
`• Ex. 1138-40: Omitted
`
`CODING OF MOVING PICTURES AND AUDIO, MPEG-4
`• Ex. 1141:
`Overview (Int’l Org. Standardisation 2002)
`
`Robert Godwin-Jones, Digital Video Update: YouTube,
`• Ex. 1142:
`Flash, High-Definition, 11 LANGUAGE LEARNING & TECH. 16, 17 (2007)
`
`John C. Paolillo et al., A Network of Social Media
`• Ex. 1143:
`Platform History: Social Structure, Dynamics and Content on YouTube,
`PROC. 52ND HAWAII INT’L CONF. ON SYS. SCIS., 1, (2019)
`
`• Ex. 1144:
`YouTube Opens Internet Video to Masses; Serving 3
`Million Videos Daily and Growing, YouTube Unveils a Fast, Fun, and
`Easy Service for Consumers to Broadcast Original Video, MARKET
`WIRE, Dec. 15, 2005
`
`• Ex. 1145:
`Hulu Debuts via Private Beta and on Distribution
`Partners AOL, Comcast, MSN, MySpace and Yahoo!; Company
`Announces Major Licensing Deals with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios
`
`
`
`
`
`8
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`

`

`Inc. and Sony Pictures Television; Providence Equity Partners Makes
`Strategic Investment in News Corporation/NBC Universal Online Video
`Joint Venture, BUS. WIRE, Oct. 29, 2007
`
`Blockbuster Offers Cheaper Online Rental, ASSOCIATED
`• Ex. 1146:
`PRESS, Jun. 13, 2007
`
`• Ex. 1147:
`Adobe Delivers Flash Player 9 With H.264 Video
`Support; HD Quality Web Video and Audio Now Available With Adobe
`Flash Player Update, BUS. WIRE, Dec. 4, 2007
`
`• Ex. 1148:
`Microsoft Unveils Silverlight to Power the Next
`Generation of Media Experiences on the Web; Leading Media
`Companies and Solution Providers Announce Support for New Solution
`for Video and Interactivity on Mac- and Windows-Based Web Browsers,
`PR NEWSWIRE US, Apr. 16, 2007
`
`• Ex. 1149:
`Former Apple Multimedia Pioneers Unveil WebTV; New
`Company Brings Internet to Television Viewers, PR NEWSWIRE, Jun.
`12, 1996
`
`Netflix, TiVo Team Up After 4-Year Courtship,
`• Ex. 1150:
`ASSOCIATED PRESS, Oct. 30, 2008
`
`• Ex. 1151:
`TiVo and Amazon.com Announce New Service Enabling
`Amazon Unbox Video Download to TiVo; TiVo Subscribers Will Soon Be
`Able to Watch Amazon Unbox Movies and TV Shows on Their TVs, BUS.
`WIRE, Feb. 7, 2007
`
`Wall Crumbling Between Televisions and Computers,
`• Ex. 1152:
`AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE – ENGLISH, Jan. 8, 2009
`
`ENHANCED TV BINARY INTERCHANGE FORMAT 1.0, ETV
`• Ex. 1153:
`(OpenCable Specifications, Nov. 25, 2009)
`
`• Ex. 1154:
`Award-Winning Sonos™ Digital Music System Begins
`Shipping to Customers, PR NEWSWIRE US, Jan. 27, 2005
`
`Sonos Introduces the Sonos™ ZonePlayer ZP80, PR
`• Ex. 1155:
`NEWSWIRE, Jan. 4, 2006
`
`
`
`
`
`9
`
`
`
`

`

`• Ex. 1156:
`Sonos Introduces the Sonos Controller for iPhone; Free
`Application Lets Music Lovers Control Leading Multi- Room Music
`System from Their iPhone, PR NEWSWIRE, Oct. 28, 2008
`
`AT&T Opens R&D Lab in Cambridge, England, BUS.
`• Ex. 1157:
`WIRE, Feb. 10, 1999
`
`• Ex. 1158:
`Microsoft Releases Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server
`Edition, M2 PRESSWIRE, Jun 16, 1998
`
`• Ex. 1159:
`TeamViewer: TeamViewer 3.0 Beta Published; Next
`Generation of the Popular Remote Support Software, M2 PRESSWIRE,
`Aug. 27, 2007
`
`• Ex. 1160:
`3am Labs Announces $10 Million Series A Financing;
`McNamee Lawrence & Co. Acts as Exclusive Financial Advisor to 3am
`Labs, BUS. WIRE, Nov. 16, 2004
`
`• Ex. 1161:
`Expertcity's GoToMyPC Product Wins A People's Choice
`Award At Upside Events' Showcase 2001, INTERNET WIRE, Feb. 1, 2001
`
`• Ex. 1162:
`TV2Me(R) Goes Global By Partnering With Leading
`Asian Online Entertainment Company; Manila-Based ESL Adds Sales
`and Marketing Muscle to Bring Pioneering Place Shifting Technology to
`Wider Market, PR NEWSWIRE US, May 16, 2006
`
` CES Innovations 2005 Award and Red Herring Finalist
`• Ex. 1163:
`for 100 Most Innovative Companies are Latest Commendations for Sling
`Media, BUS. WIRE, Nov. 11, 2004
`
`• Ex. 1164:
`
`Final Written Decision, IPR2022-00795 (Sep. 27, 2023)
`
`• Ex. 1165:
`
`Patent Owner Response, IPR2022-00795 (Jan. 13, 2023)
`
`• Ex. 1166:
`
`Omitted
`
`• Ex. 1167:
`Progressive Networks Launches the First Commercial
`Audio-On-Demand System Over the Internet, BUS. WIRE, Apr. 10, 1995
`
`• Ex. 1168:
`Progressive Networks’ RealVideo Launched With Wide
`Industry Support, PR NEWSWIRE EUROPE, February 10, 1997
`
`
`
`
`
`10
`
`
`
`

`

`• Ex. 1169:
`
`Omitted
`
`• Ex. 1170:
`
`U.S. Prov. App. No. 61/477,998
`
`• Ex. 1171:
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 8,904,289 (“the ’289 Patent”)
`
`• Ex. 1172:
`
`Certified Copy of Prosecution History of U.S. Pat No.
`8,904,289
`
`• Ex. 1173:
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,767,195 (“the ’195 Patent”)
`
`• Ex. 1174:
`9,767,195
`
`Certified Copy of Prosecution History of U.S. Pat. No.
`
`• Ex. 1175:
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 11,048,751 to Strober (“the ’751 Patent”)
`
`• Ex. 1176:
`
`Certified Copy of Prosecution History of U.S. Pat. No.
`11,048,751
`
`• Ex. 1177:
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 8,356,251 to Strober (“the ’251 Patent”)
`
`• Ex. 1178:
`
`Certified Copy of Prosecution History of U.S. Pat. No.
`8,356,251
`
`• Ex. 1179:
`
`(Omitted)
`
`• Ex. 1180:
`
`My analysis of Danciu Claim 1 in view of Danciu
`Provisional
`
`Annotated Copy of Danciu Provisional in view of Danciu
`• Ex. 1181:
`4. UNDERSTANDING OF APPLICABLE LEGAL STANDARDS
`19. Although I am not an attorney, I have a general understanding of the
`
`applicable legal standards pertaining to the patentability issues presented in this
`
`proceeding. I understand that the Petitioner is challenging the patentability of the
`
`claims of the ’251 Patent based on the following grounds:
`
`
`
`
`
`11
`
`
`
`

`

`• Claims 1-26 as obvious under pre-AIA 35 § 103(a) based on Danciu in
`
`view of Mahajan.
`
`• Claims 1-26 as obvious under pre-AIA 35 § 103(a) based on Danciu in
`
`view of Mahajan and Calvert.
`
`• Claims 1-26 as obvious under pre-AIA 35 § 103(a) based on Aldrey in
`
`view of Mahajan.
`
`20.
`
`I understand that, in this inter partes review, Petitioner has the burden
`
`of proving that each challenged claim is unpatentable by a preponderance of the
`
`evidence.
`
`21.
`
`I understand that to be valid, a patent claim must be “novel,” and is
`
`invalid if “anticipated” by a single prior art reference. I further understand a
`
`reference anticipates if it discloses each and every element as arranged in the claim
`
`so as to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the claimed
`
`invention without undue experimentation.
`
`22.
`
`I understand that a patent claim is unpatentable if, at the time of the
`
`invention, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to combine
`
`the teachings of the prior art to yield the patent claim. It is my understanding that
`
`this determination i