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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`
`CHARTER COMMUNICATIONS, INC.,
`Petitioner, v.
`
`TOUCHSTREAM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.,
`Patent Owner.
`
`
`Patent No. 8,356,251
`Filing Date: September 26, 2011
`Issue Date: January 15, 2013
`Title: PLAY CONTROL OF CONTENT ON A DISPLAY DEVICE
`
`
`Inter Partes Review No.: IPR2024-01231
`
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW UNDER 35 U.S.C. §§ 311-319
`AND 37 C.F.R. § 42.100 et seq.
`
`
`
`

`

`
`MANDATORY NOTICES ........................................................................................ x
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`I.
`
`II.
`
`INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1
`
`SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ....................................................................... 1
`
`III. OVERVIEW OF THE ’251 PATENT............................................................. 2
`
`A.
`
`A.
`
`B.
`
`Brief Description ................................................................................... 2
`
`Prosecution History ............................................................................... 4
`
`Earliest Priority Date for the Claims ..................................................... 4
`
`IV. OVERVIEW OF PRIOR ART ........................................................................ 4
`
`A. Danciu.................................................................................................... 4
`
`1.
`
`Danciu is Entitled to a Priority Date of November 8, 2010 ........ 8
`
`B. Mahajan ................................................................................................. 9
`
`C.
`
`Calvert .................................................................................................11
`
`D. Aldrey ..................................................................................................13
`
`V.
`
`IDENTIFICATION OF CHALLENGE PURSUANT TO 37 C.F.R.
`§ 42.104(b) .....................................................................................................17
`
`A.
`
`B.
`
`C.
`
`D.
`
`E.
`
`Claims for Which Review is Requested and Grounds
`on Which Challenge Is Based .............................................................17
`
`314(a) Discretion Does Not Apply ......................................................17
`
`325(d) Discretion Does Not Apply ......................................................18
`
`Level of Ordinary Skill ........................................................................18
`
`Claim Construction ..............................................................................19
`
`i
`
`

`

`VI. SPECIFIC GROUNDS FOR UNPATENTABILITY ...................................20
`
`A. Grounds A-B: Danciu-Mahajan or Danciu-Mahajan-Calvert
`Render Claims 1-26 Obvious ..............................................................20
`
`1.
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`5.
`
`6.
`
`7.
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`Independent Claim 1 .................................................................20
`
`Dependent Claim 2 ....................................................................42
`
`Dependent Claim 3 ....................................................................44
`
`Dependent Claim 4 ....................................................................45
`
`Dependent Claim 5 ....................................................................46
`
`Dependent Claim 6 ....................................................................47
`
`Dependent Claim 7 ....................................................................48
`
`Dependent Claim 8 ....................................................................48
`
`Dependent Claim 9 ....................................................................48
`
`10. Dependent Claim 10 ..................................................................49
`
`11.
`
`Independent Claim 11 ...............................................................50
`
`12. Dependent Claims 12-21 ...........................................................52
`
`13.
`
`Independent Claim 22 ...............................................................53
`
`14. Dependent claim 23 ...................................................................57
`
`15. Dependent claim 24 ...................................................................57
`
`16. Dependent Claim 25 ..................................................................57
`
`17. Dependent Claim 26 ..................................................................58
`
`B.
`
`Ground C: Aldrey-Mahajan Renders Claims 1-26 Obvious ...............58
`
`1.
`
`Independent Claim 1 .................................................................58
`
`ii
`
`

`

`2.
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`5.
`
`6.
`
`7.
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`Dependent Claim 2 ....................................................................70
`
`Dependent Claim 3 ....................................................................71
`
`Dependent Claim 4 ....................................................................73
`
`Dependent Claim 5 ....................................................................73
`
`Dependent Claim 6 ....................................................................74
`
`Dependent Claim 7 ....................................................................74
`
`Dependent Claim 8 ....................................................................75
`
`Dependent Claim 9 ....................................................................75
`
`10. Dependent Claim 10 ..................................................................75
`
`11.
`
`Independent Claim 11 ...............................................................76
`
`12. Dependent Claims 12-21 ...........................................................79
`
`13.
`
`Independent Claim 22 ...............................................................79
`
`14. Dependent claim 23 ...................................................................83
`
`15. Dependent claim 24 ...................................................................84
`
`16. Dependent Claim 25 ..................................................................84
`
`17. Dependent Claim 26 ..................................................................84
`
`VII. GROUNDS FOR STANDING & FEE PAYMENT .....................................85
`
`VIII. CONCLUSION ..............................................................................................85
`
`CERTIFICATION UNDER 37 CFR § 42.24(d) ......................................................86
`
`CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE.................................................................................87
`
`CLAIM LISTING APPENDIX ................................................................................89
`
`iii
`
`

`

`EXHIBITS
`U.S. Patent No. 8,356,251 (“the ʼ251 Patent”)
`
`Expert Declaration of David B. Lett
`
`Curriculum Vitae of David B. Lett
`
`Certified Prosecution History of the ’251 Patent
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0078812 (“Calvert”)
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,490,998 (“Danciu”)
`
`U.S. Prov. App. No. 61/411,386 (“Danciu Provisional”)
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0248802 (“Mahajan”)
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0172757 (“Aldrey”)
`
`Ex. 1101:
`
`Ex. 1102:
`
`Ex. 1103:
`
`Ex. 1104:
`
`Ex. 1105-1110: Reserved
`
`Ex. 1111:
`
`Ex. 1112:
`
`Ex. 1113:
`
`
`Ex. 1114:
`
`Ex. 1115:
`
`Ex. 1116-1119: Reserved
`
`Ex. 1120:
`
`
`Ex. 1121:
`
`
`Ex. 1122:
`
`
`Ex. 1123-29:
`
`Ex. 1130:
`
`Ex. 1131:
`
`Joint Claim Construction Statement, Touchstream
`Technologies, Inc. v. Google LLC, 6:21-cv-00569-ADA
`(WDTX) (Feb. 8, 2022)
`
`Exhibit 1 to Joint Disputed Claim Terms Charts, Touchstream
`Technologies, Inc. v. Vizbee, Inc., 1:17-cv-06247-PGG-KNF
`(SDNY) (Aug. 6, 2018)
`
`Jury Instructions, Touchstream Technologies, Inc. v. Google
`LLC, 6:21-cv-00569-ADA (WDTX) (July 21, 2023)
`
`Reserved
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2002/0104096 (“Cramer”)
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 7,356,575 (“Shapiro”)
`
`iv
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`
`Ex. 1132:
`
`Ex. 1133:
`
`Ex. 1134:
`
`Ex. 1135:
`
`Ex. 1136:
`
`Ex. 1137:
`
`Ex. 1138-40:
`
`Ex. 1141:
`Overview
`
`Ex. 1142:
`
`
`Ex. 1143:
`
`
`Ex. 1144:
`
`
`Ex. 1145:
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 7,269,842 (“Estipona”)
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0267899 (“Rahman”)
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0098533 (“Henshaw”)
`
`U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0172656 (“Kim”)
`
`Reserved
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 7,343,419 (“Robinson”)
`
`Reserved
`
`CODING OF MOVING PICTURES AND AUDIO, MPEG-4
`
`(Int’l Org. Standardisation 2002)
`
`ROBERT GODWIN-JONES, DIGITAL VIDEO UPDATE:
`YOUTUBE, FLASH, HIGH-DEFINITION, 11 LANGUAGE
`LEARNING & TECH. 16, 17 (2007)
`
`John C. Paolillo et al., A Network View of Social Media
`Platform History: Social Structure, Dynamics and Content on
`YouTube, PROC. 52ND HAWAII INT’L CONF. ON SYS.
`SCIS., 1, (2019)
`
`YouTube Opens Internet Video to Masses; Serving 3 Million
`Videos Daily and Growing, YouTube Unveils a Fast, Fun, and
`Easy Service for Consumers to Broadcast Original Video,
`MARKET WIRE, Dec. 15, 2005
`
`Hulu Debuts via Private Beta and on Distribution Partners
`AOL, Comcast, MSN, MySpace and Yahoo!; Company
`Announces Major Licensing Deals with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
`Studios Inc. and Sony Pictures Television; Providence Equity
`Partners Makes Strategic Investment in New
`Corporation/NBC Universal Online Video Joint Venture,
`BUS. WIRE, Oct. 29, 2007
`
`v
`
`

`

`
`Ex. 1146:
`
`
`Ex. 1147:
`
`
`Ex. 1148:
`
`
`Ex. 1149:
`
`
`Ex. 1150:
`
`
`Ex. 1151:
`
`
`Ex. 1152:
`
`
`Ex. 1153:
`ETV
`
`Ex. 1154:
`
`
`Ex. 1155:
`
`
`Ex. 1156:
`
`Blockbuster Offers Cheaper Online Rental, ASSOCIATED
`PRESS, Jun. 13, 2007
`
`Adobe Delivers Flash Player 9 With H.264 Video Support; HD
`Quality Web Video and Audio Now Available With Adobe
`Flash Player Update, BUS. WIRE, Dec. 4, 2007
`
`Microsoft Unveils Silverlight to Power the Next Generation of
`Media Experiences on the Web; Leading Media Companies
`and Solution Providers Announce Support for New Solution
`for Video and Interactivity on Mac- and Windows-Based Web
`Browsers, PR NEWSWIRE US, Apr. 16, 2007
`
`Former Apple Multimedia Pioneers Unveil WebTV; New
`Company Brings Internet to Television Viewers, PR
`NEWSWIRE, Jun. 12, 1996
`
`Netflix, TiVo Team Up After 4-Year Courtship, ASSOCIATED
`PRESS, Oct. 30, 2008
`
`TiVo and Amazon.com Announce New Service Enabling
`Amazon Unbox Video Download to TiVo; TiVo Subscribers
`Will Soon Be Able to Watch Amazon Unbox Movies and TV
`Shows on Their TVs, BUS. WIRE, Feb. 7, 2007
`
`Wall Crumbling Between Televisions and Computers,
`AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE – ENGLISH, Jan. 8, 2009
`
`ENHANCED TV BINARY INTERCHANGE FORMAT 1.0,
`
`(OpenCable Specifications, Nov. 25, 2009)
`
`Award-Winning Sonos™ Digital Music System Begins
`Shipping to Customers, PR NEWSWIRE US, Jan. 27, 2005
`
`Sonos Introduces the Sonos™ ZonePlayer ZP80, PR
`NEWSWIRE, Jan. 4, 2006
`Sonos Introduces the Sonos Controller for iPhone; Free
`
`vi
`
`

`

`
`Ex. 1157:
`
`
`Ex. 1158:
`
`
`Ex. 1159:
`
`
`Ex. 1160:
`
`
`Ex. 1161:
`
`
`Ex. 1162:
`
`
`Ex. 1163:
`
`
`Ex. 1164:
`
`Ex. 1165:
`
`Ex. 1166:
`
`
`Application Lets Music Lovers Control Leading Multi- Room
`Music System from Their iPhone, PR NEWSWIRE, Oct. 28,
`2008
`
`AT&T Opens R&D Lab in Cambridge, England, BUS. WIRE,
`Feb. 10, 1999
`
`Microsoft Releases Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server Edition,
`M2 PRESSWIRE, Jun 16, 1998
`
`TeamViewer: TeamViewer 3.0 Beta Published; Next
`Generation of the Popular Remote Support Software, M2
`PRESSWIRE, Aug. 27, 2007
`
`3am Labs Announces $10 Million Series A Financing;
`McNamee Lawrence & Co. Acts as Exclusive Financial
`Advisor to 3am Labs, BUS. WIRE, Nov. 16, 2004
`
`Expertcity's GoToMyPC Product Wins A People's Choice
`Award At Upside Events' Showcase 2001, INTERNET WIRE,
`Feb. 1, 2001
`TV2Me(R) Goes Global By Partnering With Leading Asian
`Online Entertainment Company; Manila-Based ESL Adds
`Sales and Marketing Muscle to Bring Pioneering Place
`Shifting Technology to Wider Market, PR NEWSWIRE US,
`May 16, 2006
`
`CES Innovations 2005 Award and Red Herring Finalist for
`100 Most Innovative Companies are Latest Commendations
`for Sling Media, BUS. WIRE, Nov. 11, 2004
`
`Final Written Decision, IPR2022-00795 (Sep. 27, 2023)
`
`Patent Owner Response, IPR2022-00795 (Jan. 13, 2023)
`
`Reserved
`
`vii
`
`

`

`Ex. 1167:
`
`
`Ex. 1168:
`
`
`Ex. 1169:
`
`Ex. 1170:
`
`Ex. 1171:
`
`Ex. 1172:
`
`Ex. 1173:
`
`Ex. 1174:
`
`
`Ex. 1175:
`
`Ex. 1176:
`
`Ex. 1177:
`
`Ex. 1178:
`
`Ex. 1179:
`
`Ex. 1180:
`
`Ex. 1181:
`
`Ex. 1182:
`
`
`
`Progressive Networks Launches the First Commercial Audio-
`On-Demand System Over the Internet, BUS. WIRE, Apr. 10,
`1995
`
`Progressive Networks’ RealVideo Launched With Wide
`Industry Support, PR NEWSWIRE EUROPE, February 10,
`1997
`
`Reserved
`
`U.S. Pat. Application No. 61/477,998
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 8,904,289 to Strober (“the ’289 Patent”)
`
`Certified Copy of Prosecution History of U.S. Pat No.
`8,904,289
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 9,767,195 (“the ’195 Patent”)
`Certified Copy of Prosecution History of U.S. Pat. No.
`9,767,195
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 11,048,751 to Strober (“the ’751 Patent”)
`
`Certified Copy of Prosecution History of U.S. Pat. No.
`11,048,751
`
`U.S. Pat. No. 8,356,251 to Strober (“the ’251 Patent”)
`
`Certified Copy of Prosecution History of U.S. Pat. No.
`8,356,251
`
`Reserved
`
`Lett analysis of Danciu Claim 1 in view of Danciu Provisional
`
`Annotated Copy of Danciu Provisional in view of Danciu
`
`Reserved
`
`viii
`
`

`

`Ex. 1183:
`
`Claim Construction Order, Touchstream Technologies, Inc. v.
`Charter Communications, Inc. et al, 2-23-cv-00059-RJG (E.D.
`Tex.) (July 9, 2024)
`
`ix
`
`

`

`MANDATORY NOTICES
`
`Real Parties in Interest (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1))
`
`The real parties-in-interest for this petition are Charter Communications, Inc.,
`
`
`
`Charter Communications Operating, LLC, Time Warner Cable Enterprises LLC,
`
`Spectrum Management Holding Company, LLC, Spectrum Gulf Coast, LLC, and
`
`Charter Communications, LLC.
`
`No unnamed entity is funding, controlling, or directing this Petition for inter
`
`partes review (IPR) of U.S. Patent No. 8,356,251 (“the ’251 Patent”), or otherwise
`
`has an opportunity to control or direct this Petition or Petitioner’s participation in
`
`any resulting IPR.
`
`Related Matters (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2))
`
`
`The ’251 Patent, along with related U.S. Patent Nos. 11,048,751 (“the ’751
`
`Patent”) and 11,086,934 (“the ’934 Patent”), is being asserted against Charter
`
`Communications, Inc., Charter Communications Operating, LLC, Time Warner
`
`Cable Enterprises LLC, Spectrum Management Holding Company, LLC, Spectrum
`
`Gulf Coast, LLC, and Charter Communications, LLC in Touchstream Technologies,
`
`Inc. v. Charter Communications, Inc. et al, 2-23-cv-00059-RJG (E.D. Tex.) (“EDTX
`
`Litigation”). The earliest date of service on any of the Charter entities named in the
`
`EDTX Litigation was February 28, 2023, however the ’751 and ’934 Patents were
`
`first asserted in a First Amended Complaint served on May 25, 2023.
`
`x
`
`

`

`The ’251, ’751, and ’934 Patents are also presently being asserted against
`
`Comcast Cable Communications, LLC, d/b/a Xfinity, Comcast Corp., Comcast
`
`Cable Communications Management, LLC, and Comcast of Houston, LLC in the
`
`Eastern District of Texas in Touchstream Technologies, Inc. v. Comcast Cable
`
`Communications, LLC d/b/a Xfinity et al., 2:23-cv-00062-JRG; and against Altice
`
`USA, Inc., Cequel Communications, LLC, CSC Holdings, LLC, and Friendship
`
`Cable of Texas, Inc. in Touchstream Technologies, Inc. v. Altice USA, Inc. et al,
`
`2:23-cv- 00060-JRG (E.D. Tex.).
`
`The ’251 Patent is also presently being asserted against Google LLC in
`
`Touchstream Technologies, Inc. v. Google LLC, 6:21-cv-00569-ADA (W.D. Tex.)
`
`(“Touchstream-Google case”) along with related U.S. Patent Nos. 8,782,528 (“the
`
`’528 Patent”) and 8,904,289 (“the ’289 Patent”). The ’251, ’528, and ’289 Patents
`
`were the subject of requests for inter partes review filed by Google LLC in IPR2022-
`
`00795, IPR2022-00793, and IPR2022-00794 (all presently on appeal). The real
`
`parties-in-interest in this Petition are not involved in any of those IPRs. The ’251,
`
`’528, and ’289 Patents were previously asserted against Vizbee, Inc. in Touchstream
`
`Technologies,
`
`Inc. v. Vizbee,
`
`Inc., 1:17-cv-06247-PGG-KNF
`
`(S.D.N.Y.)
`
`(“Touchstream-Vizbee case”) which was terminated by stipulated dismissal on
`
`January 24, 2020.
`
`xi
`
`

`

`The Board instituted IPR2024-00322 for the ‘251 Patent filed by Comcast
`
`Cable Communications, LLC. Concurrently with the filing of the present petition,
`
`Petitioners will be filing a motion to join the present proceeding to IPR2024-00322.
`
`The ’251 Patent was also the subject of request for inter partes review filed
`
`by Comcast Cable Communications, LLC in IPR2024-00321 which was not
`
`instituted. The real parties-in-interest in this Petition were not involved in that IPR.
`
`No other petitions for inter partes review, post-grant review, or covered
`
`business method review have been filed against the ’251 Patent.
`
`The Board instituted IPR2024-00324 for the ‘751 Patent filed by Comcast
`
`Cable Communications, LLC. The ’751 Patent was also the subject of request for
`
`inter partes review filed by Comcast Cable Communications, LLC in IPR2024-
`
`00323 which was not instituted. The real parties-in-interest in this Petition are not
`
`involved in those IPRs.
`
`The ’934 Patent was the subject of two requests for inter partes review filed
`
`by Comcast Cable Communications, LLC in IPR2024-00325 and IPR2024-00326
`
`which were not instituted. The real parties-in-interest in this Petition are not
`
`involved in those IPRs.
`
`Petitioner is also filing a petition for inter partes review against the related
`
`’751 Patent that is a “copycat” petition to IPR2024-00324.
`
`xii
`
`

`

`According to the Office’s records, the ’251 Patent is a continuation of U.S.
`
`Pat. App. No. 13/157,821, filed June 10, 2011 (issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,904,289),
`
`which claims priority to Provisional App. No. 61/477,998, filed April 21, 2011.
`
`Lead and Back-Up Counsel (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(3))
`
`
`Petitioner designates counsel listed below. A power of attorney for counsel is
`
`being concurrently filed.
`
`
`
`Lead Counsel
`Jeffrey A. Miller (Reg. No. 35,287)
`jeffrey.miller@apks.com
`
`Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP
`3000 El Camino Real
`Five Palo Alto Square, Suite 500
`Palo Alto, CA 94306-3807
`Telephone: 650.319.4500
`Facsimile: 650.319.4700
`
`Back-Up Counsel
`Elizabeth A. Long (Reg. No. 51,966)
`elizabeth.long@arnoldporter.com
`
`Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP
`250 West 55th Street
`New York, New York 10019-9710
`Telephone: 212.836.8000
` Facsimile: 212.836.8689
`
`
`
`
`
`Please address all correspondence to counsel at this address shown above.
`
`Petitioner consents to electronic service by email at the above emails.
`
`xiii
`
`

`

`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`
`Charter Communications, Inc. (“Petitioner”) petitions for inter partes review
`
`and cancellation of claims 1-26 of U.S. Patent No. 8,356,251 (“the ’251 Patent”)
`
`(Ex. 1101).
`
`II.
`
`SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT
`
`The Board should institute review and, pursuant to the motion for joinder filed
`
`with this petition, join the resulting proceeding to previously instituted IPR2024-
`
`00322 filed by Comcast. As stated in Petitioner’s concurrently motion for joinder,
`
`there are no substantive differences between Comcast’s and Petitioner’s Petitions,
`
`and the evidence relied on is substantially the same.
`
`The ’251 Patent claims methods for translating commands among associated
`
`devices to control media. A server controls presentation of video content, using one
`
`of various media players, via messages transmitted from a computer. The messages
`
`are converted into commands for the selected media player and then transmitted to
`
`a display device. In one embodiment, the display device is assigned a
`
`synchronization code used to associate the computer with the display device and
`
`stored in the server.
`
`The ’251 Patent claims are disclosed and rendered obvious by the prior art
`
`relied on herein, in view of the declaration of Mr. Lett. Ex. 1102, ¶¶1-32, 64-81.
`
`1
`
`

`

`III. OVERVIEW OF THE ’251 PATENT
`A. Brief Description
`The ’251 Patent describes a system 10 for using a server system 24 (green) to
`
`facilitate a connection between a personal computing device 20 (blue) for selecting
`
`content, and a television/display device 22 (red) for displaying the selected content.
`
`Ex. 1001, 2:66-3:11; Ex. 1102, ¶¶40-42.
`
`
`
`
`
`Ex. 1001, Fig. 1 (annotated)
`
`
`
`As shown in Figure 1, a personal computing device connects to and “acts as a
`
`controller” for a display 23 that receives and plays content selected by a user. The
`
`2
`
`

`

`display “respond[s] to commands that originate at the personal computing device.”
`
`Ex. 1001, 3:2-7. For example, television 22 can be commanded “to access a content
`
`provider 30 through the Internet 21, load a specific media player, load the media
`
`player-specific content (e.g., a video) and play the content on the television display
`
`23.” Id., 3:19-23.
`
`The connection between the personal computing device (e.g., a mobile phone)
`
`and the display may be established by the user selecting from a list of devices or
`
`entering a synchronization code on the mobile phone uniquely associated with the
`
`display. Ex. 1001, 5:8-16. The code can be e.g., a text or QR code displayed on the
`
`screen of the display device. Id., 5:16-23. The server system may then store the
`
`association between the personal computing device and display in a look-up table.
`
`Id., 5:29-35.
`
`Personal computing device 20 controls the selection of and playback of
`
`content on the display through server system 24, rather than directly. Id., 3:10-18,
`
`3:36-41. The signal which selects content or controls playback is formatted and
`
`transmitted by personal computing device 20 in a message sent via the Internet to
`
`server system 24. Id., 4:27-42, Fig. 3. Server system 24 then converts the incoming
`
`commands from the mobile device 20 into the correct code used by the display to
`
`control the specific player. Id., 5:67-6:3. Server system 24 “interpret[s] and
`
`convert[s] a standard or universal command (e.g., play, pause, etc.) into the specific
`
`3
`
`

`

`command recognized by the media player” playing content on the display. Id., 5:58-
`
`62. Then, server system 24 “copies the converted version of the message to the
`
`database 34 associated with the [television set] 22.” Id., 6:3-6. The display receives
`
`and executes the converted message (id., 6:23–33), e.g., “load[s] and unload[s]
`
`different video players.” Id., 6:34-48.
`
`Prosecution History
`A.
`During prosecution, all claims were rejected as anticipated by U.S.
`
`Publication No. 2011/00600998 to Schwartz or as obvious over Schwartz alone or
`
`in view of a non-patent publication. Ex. 1104, pp. 61-81; Ex. 1102, ¶¶43-63. In
`
`response, Applicant stated, “[i]n the context of the present application, it is clear that
`
`a ‘media player’ refers to application software for playing back the video content.”
`
`Id., p. 190, footnote 2. The Notice of Allowance included an Examiner’s
`
`Amendment that the display device “loads any one of a plurality of different media
`
`players” to place the claims in condition for allowance. Id., pp. 272-287.
`
`Earliest Priority Date for the Claims
`B.
`The earliest possible priority date for the claims of the ’251 Patent is April 21,
`
`2011. Ex. 1101, cover.
`
`IV. OVERVIEW OF PRIOR ART
`A. Danciu
`Danciu (Ex. 1112) is a U.S. Patent, No. 9,490,998, filed March 7, 2011, that
`
`claims priority to and incorporates by reference U.S. Provisional Application
`
`4
`
`

`

`61/411,386, filed November 8, 2010, in its entirety. Ex. 1112, cover. Danciu is prior
`
`art under 35 U.S.C. § 102(e). Danciu was not considered during prosecution. Ex.
`
`1101, cover; Ex. 1102, ¶¶82-84.
`
`Danciu is directed to techniques for exchanging information to control
`
`playback of content on a web-enabled device such as a network-enabled television.
`
`Ex. 1112, 1:39-50. Danciu’s networked device is disclosed as a controlled device 18
`
`(red), which may be a computing device such as an Internet-connected television
`
`connected via network 22, including servers 24A-24N (green), to a remote control
`
`14 (blue), which may be any portable computing device such as a cell phone, tablet,
`
`laptop, or even a portable desktop computer. Ex. 1112, 3:21-28, 5:1-12, 5:42-63,
`
`Fig. 1; Ex. 1102, ¶¶85-90.
`
`Ex. 1112, Fig. 1 (annotated)
`
`
`
`Danciu contemplates that the network may comprise a large number of
`
`devices under control, including multiple remote controls and controlled devices.
`
`5
`
`

`

`Ex. 1112, 7:41-8:58, Fig. 2.
`
`
`
`
`
`Ex. 1112, Fig. 2
`
`Danciu discloses that a “network service may assign each remote device and
`
`each controlled device a unique identifier” that is used in pairing. Ex. 1112, 4:4-13,
`
`4:36-45, 6:40-7:10, 8:23-49, 13:16-32, 15:28-58. Danciu’s remote control provides
`
`commands for content being played on controlled device. Ex. 1112, 5:29-37. In
`
`doing so, the controlled device receives commands from the remote control to alter
`
`content displayed on the display of the controlled device. Ex. 1112, 5:64-6:2, 10:45-
`
`53; Ex. 1102, ¶91.
`
`6
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`

`

`
`
`
`
`Ex. 1112, Fig. 6
`
`
`
`Danciu teaches that commands received by the controlled device are
`
`understood and operated upon. Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example
`
`operation of a network server communicating with a controlled device. Ex. 1112,
`
`3:7-8, 5:29-37, 7:17-29, 18:55-19:22, Fig. 9; Ex. 1102, ¶¶92-100. For example, the
`
`controlled device may have the ability to select a program to view content from
`
`YouTube, Netflix, or Hulu based on received commands. Ex. 1112, 11:22-35, 12:32-
`
`49, 16:55-67, 17:21-43. Figure 9 depicts a process beginning with the server
`
`7
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`

`

`receiving messages from a controlled device. Ex. 1112, 18:55-19:20, Fig. 9.
`
`
`
`Ex. 1112, Fig. 9
`
`
`
`1.
`
`Danciu is Entitled to a Priority Date of November 8, 2010
`
`As shown below, U.S. Provisional Application 61/411,386 (“Danciu
`
`Provisional”) provides written description support for at least claim 1 of Danciu. Ex.
`
`1102, ¶82; Ex. 1180. This entitles Danciu to its provisional’s filing date. Dynamic
`
`Drinkware, LLC v. National Graphics, Inc., 800 F.3d 1375, 1381 (Fed. Cir. 2015).
`
`
`
`8
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`

`

`Danciu
`Claim 1
`[1pre]
`[1a]
`[1b]
`[1c]
`[1d]
`[1e]
`[1f]
`[1g]
`
`[1h]
`
`[1i]
`
`Danciu Provisional
`
`Ex. 1113, [0006].
`Ex. 1113, Claim 13, [0021], [0024], [0038], [0065], [0069], [0073].
`Ex. 1113, Claim 2, [0005], [0037], [0065], [0069], [0073].
`Ex. 1113, Claim 2, [0065].
`Ex. 1113, [0022], [0037], [0065], [0084].
`Ex. 1113, Claim 1, Claim 2, Claim 16, [0005], [0022], [0065], [0084].
`Ex. 1113, Claim 2, [0084].
`Ex. 1113, Abstract, Claim 1, Claim 16, Claim 17, [0005],- [0007],
`[0074], [0078], Fig. 7.
`Ex. 1113, Abstract, Claim 1, Claim 16, Claim 17, [0005]- [0007],
`[0078], Fig. 5, Fig. 7.
`
`Ex. 1113, Abstract, Claim 1, Claim 16, Claim 17, [0005]-[0007],
`[0078], Fig. 7.
`
`
`
`B. Mahajan
`Mahajan (Ex. 1114) is a U.S. Published Application, No. 2009/0248802, that
`
`published on October 1, 2009. Ex. 1114, cover. Mahajan is thus prior art under 35
`
`
`
`U.S.C. § 102(b). Mahajan was not considered during prosecution. Ex. 1102, ¶124.
`
`Mahajan discloses a client-server collaboration session wherein a user may
`
`enter commands (orange) to a server (blue) for controlling content (purple) that is
`
`playing on a client device (red). Ex. 1114, [0011]-[0013]; Figs. 1-2, 4; Ex. 1102,
`
`¶¶125-128. The platform translates generic commands to platform specific media
`
`9
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`

`

`playback commands that can be understood by the client’s media platform. Ex. 1114,
`
`[0012]-[0013], [0022], [0035]-[0036], [0041], Figs. 3, 5.
`
`Ex. 1114, Fig. 2 (annotated)
`
`
`
`Mahajan’s server translates specific commands of a first type to genericized
`
`commands, the genericized commands are transmitted, and then Mahajan’s client
`
`translates those generic commands to specialized commands of a second type. Ex.
`
`1114, [0035]-[0036], Figs. 1-2; Ex. 1102, ¶¶129-130. Command mappings are
`
`shown in Figure 3. Ex. 1114, [0036]-[0043], [0063], Figs. 3, 5.
`
`10
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`

`

`Ex. 1114, Fig. 3
`
`
`
`
`
`C. Calvert
`Calvert (Ex. 1111) is a U.S. Published Application, No. 2004/0078812,
`
`published April 22, 2004. Calvert is prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. § 102(b) and
`
`was not considered during prosecution. Ex. 1101, cover; Ex. 1102, ¶111.
`
`Calvert describes a system for aggregating audio and video content from
`
`multiple sources into a unified listing for selection and delivery to a playback device.
`
`Ex. 1111, [0020]-[0044], Figs. 1-11 Ex. 1102, ¶¶112-119. Content aggregator 102
`
`(green) has multiple media services available to it that include audio and/or video
`
`content. Ex. 1111, [0020]-[0021], [0024]-[0025], Figs. 1-2. Upon request, content
`
`aggregator 102 provides a listing of available services to playback device 202 (red)
`
`11
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`

`

`which displays the listing on display device 222. Ex. 1111, [0025]-[0027], [0033]-
`
`[0038], Figs. 2-4.
`
`Ex. 1111, Fig. 2 (annotated)
`
`
`
`Following selection by a user of a particular media service, device 202
`
`requests the selected service directly from the media service provider, or through
`
`content aggregator 102. Ex. 1111, [0027], [0038]-[0040], Figs. 3-4; Ex. 1102,
`
`¶¶120-123. Device 202 receives the media service in the form of a data transmission
`
`which device 202 analyzes to determine its format. Ex. 1111, [0027], [0040]-[0042],
`
`Figs. 3, 6. Based on this determination, the media service data is provided to the
`
`appropriate player application (e.g., RealPlayer, QuickTime player, Microsoft
`
`12
`
`

`

`Media Player) and output to the user. Ex. 1111, [0027], [0030]-[0032], [0043], Figs.
`
`3, 6. In the event that a new media player is needed to playback the media service,
`
`device 202 downloads the new media player. Ex. 1111, [0032].
`
`D. Aldrey
`Aldrey (Ex. 1115) is a U.S. Published Application, No. 2009/0172757,
`
`published July 2, 2009. Aldrey is prior art under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. § 102(b) and
`
`was not considered during prosecution. Ex. 1101, cover; Ex. 1102, ¶¶101-102.
`
`Aldrey is directed to a system that integrates television and other computing
`
`devices “thereby broadening the scope of devices available to consumers for remote
`
`interaction with STBs 101a-101n.” Ex. 1115, [0018], [0011]-[0015], Fig. 1. For
`
`example, a user at an end terminal 107 may be able to remotely access one or more
`
`STBs in order to control them. Id. For example, Aldrey discloses a STB 101 (red)
`
`connected via a media service provider (MSP) 117 (green) to a remote application
`
`running on an end terminal 107 (blue). Ex. 1115, [0018]-[0022], [0025], Fig. 1; Ex.
`
`1102, ¶103.
`
`
`
`13
`
`

`

`Ex. 1115, Fig. 1 (annotated)
`
`
`
`An individual may use a web-based application in order to access the STB.
`
`Ex. 1115, [0067]-[0072].
`
`14
`
`

`

`Ex. 1115, Fig. 4
`
`
`
`Using the interface, “an individual may generate a command for controlling a
`
`plurality of STBs 101a-101n, and transmit that command to the STBs 101a-101n to
`
`configure the devices 101a-101n.” Ex. 1115, [0019], [0073]-[0074], Fig. 4; Ex.
`
`1102, ¶¶104-110.
`
`15
`
`

`

`Ex. 1115, Fig. 5
`
`
`
`This allows the user to control STBs including setting configuration information or
`
`playing content. Ex. 1115, [0020]-[0023]. Thus, using commands comprising
`
`metadata, the STB is controlled to display content. Ex. 1115, [0035]-[0056], [0060].
`
`
`
`
`
`16
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`

`

`V.
`
`IDENTIFICATION OF CHALLENGE PURSUANT TO 37 C.F.R.
`§ 42.104(b)
`
`A. Claims for Which Review is Requested and Grounds on Which
`Challenge Is Based
`Petitioner requests review of claims 1–26 on the following grounds.
`
`Ground
`
`References
`
`A
`
`B
`
`C
`
`Danciu-Mahajan
`
`Danciu-Mahajan-Calvert
`
`Aldrey-Mahajan
`
`Basis
`
`§103
`
`§103
`
`§103
`
`Claims
`Challenged
`1-26
`
`1-26
`
`1-26
`
`
`
`None of the prior art listed in the table above was before the examiner during
`
`prosecution of the ’251 Patent. Ex. 1102, ¶¶131-135.
`
`314(a) Discretion Does Not Apply
`B.
`The Fintiv factors in the Director’s June 21, 2022 Guidance Memorandum do
`
`not warrant discretionary denial.
`
`Factor one does not warrant denial. Petitioner has filed this petition and will
`
`file a petition challenging the related ’751 Patent also asserted in the District Court.
`
`Factor two does not warrant denial. Petitioner’s District Court case is
`
`consolidated with Comcast’s case with Petitioner’s case designated as the lead. Trial
`
`in both cases is October 28, 2024; Petitioner’s trial will occur on or after that date.
`
`Factor three does not warrant denial. Opening summary judgment briefs were
`
`filed August 5, 2024 and the Pretrial Conference is September 23, 2024.
`
`17
`
`

`

`Factor four favors institution. The petition challenges all the claims while
`
`only claims 1, 5, and 7-9 are asserted in the District Court.
`
`Factor five does not warrant denial as Pet