I 1111111111111111 11111 1111111111 111111111111111 lllll 111111111111111 11111111
`US008646042B 1
`
`c12) United States Patent
`Brown
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`*Feb. 4, 2014
`
`(54) HYBRID DEVICE HAVING A PERSONAL
`DIGITAL KEY AND RECEIVER-DECODER
`CIRCUIT AND METHODS OF USE
`
`(75)
`
`Inventor: David L. Brown, Jupiter, FL (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Proxense, LLC, Bend, OR (US)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by O days.
`
`WO
`WO
`
`This patent is subject to a terminal dis(cid:173)
`claimer.
`
`5,422,632 A
`5,450,489 A
`5,619,251 A
`5,629,980 A
`5,644,354 A
`
`6/1995 Bucholtz et al.
`9/1995 Ostrover et al.
`4/1997 Kuroiwa et al.
`5/ 1997 Stefik et al.
`7/1997 Thompson et al.
`(Continued)
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`10/2000
`WO 00/62505 Al
`WO 0 1/22724 Al
`3/2001
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 13/445,825
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Apr. 12, 2012
`
`"Alliance Activities: Publications: Identity-Smart Card Alliance,"
`Smart Card Alliance, 1997-2007, [ online] [Retrieved on Jan. 7, 2007]
`Retrived from the Internet <URL:http://www.smartcardalliance.org/
`publications-identity>, 3 pages.
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(Continued)
`
`(63) Continuation of application No. 12/329,329, filed on
`Dec. 5, 2008, now Pat. No. 8,171,528.
`
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/992,953, filed on Dec.
`6, 2007.
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`G06F 21100
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`USPC ................. 726/3; 726/32; 713/171; 713/176;
`380/255; 380/280; 380/282; 709/229; 455/15;
`455/456
`
`(2013.01)
`
`( 58) Field of Classification Search
`USPC .............................................................. 726/3
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,759,060 A
`5,187,352 A
`5,296,641 A
`5,392,433 A
`
`7 / 1988 Hayashi et al.
`2/ 1993 Blair et al.
`3/ 1994 Stelzel
`2/1995 Hammersley et al.
`
`100
`
`POK 102
`
`Service
`Blk 112A
`112B
`112C
`
`Sensor 108
`
`Access
`Ke 118A
`1180
`118F
`
`Biometrics
`104
`
`Primary Examiner - Morshed Mehedi
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm - Patent Law Works LLP
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A hybrid device includes a personal digital key (PDK) and a
`receiver-decoder circuit (RDC). In one embodiment, the
`hybrid device also provides a physical interconnect for con(cid:173)
`necting to other devices to send and receive control signals
`and data, and receive power. The hybrid device operates in
`one of several modes including, PDK only, RDC only, or
`PDK and RDC. This allows a variety of system configurations
`for mixed operation including: PDK/RDC, RDC/RDC or
`PDK/PDK. The disclosure also includes a number of system
`configurations for use of the hybrid device including: use of
`the hybrid device in a cell phone; simultaneous use of the
`PDK and the RDC functionality of hybrid device; use of
`multiple links of hybrid device to generate an authorization
`signal, use of multiple PDK links to the hybrid device to
`generate an authorization signal; and use of the hybrid device
`for authorization inheritance.
`
`20 Claims, 15 Drawing Sheets
`
`Application 120A
`
`Page 1 of 30
`
`GOOGLE EXHIBIT 1001
`
`

`

`US 8,646,042 Bl
`Page 2
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,666,412 A
`5,773,954 A
`5,784,464 A
`5,825,876 A
`5,857,020 A
`5,892,825 A
`5,894,551 A
`5,898,880 A
`5,928,327 A
`5,991,399 A
`5,991,749 A
`6,035,038 A
`6,035,329 A
`6,041,410 A
`6,055,314 A
`6,070,796 A
`6,088,730 A
`6,104,334 A
`6,110,041 A
`6,148,142 A
`6,161,179 A
`6,209,089 Bl
`6,219,109 Bl
`6,247,130 Bl
`6,266,415 Bl
`6,295,057 Bl
`6,336,121 Bl
`6,336,142 Bl
`6,367,019 Bl
`6,381,747 Bl
`6,385,596 Bl
`6,392,664 Bl
`6,397,387 Bl
`6,401,059 Bl
`6,411,307 Bl
`6,424,715 Bl
`6,425,084 Bl
`6,434,535 Bl
`6,446,130 Bl
`6,463,534 Bl
`6,480,188 Bl
`6,490,443 Bl
`6,510,350 Bl
`6,523,113 Bl
`6,529,949 Bl
`6,546,418 B2
`6,550,011 Bl
`6,563,805 Bl
`6,564,380 Bl
`6,628,302 B2
`6,632,992 B2
`6,647,417 Bl
`6,667,684 Bl
`6,683,954 Bl
`6,697,944 Bl
`6,711,464 Bl
`6,775,655 Bl
`6,804,825 Bl
`6,806,887 B2
`6,850,147 B2
`6,873,975 Bl
`6,879,567 B2
`6,950,941 Bl
`6,957,086 B2
`6,973,576 B2
`6,975,202 Bl
`7,012,503 B2
`7,159,765 B2
`7,249,177 Bl
`7,305,560 B2
`2002/0007456 Al
`2002/0013772 Al
`2002/0015494 Al
`2002/0026424 Al
`2002/0073042 Al
`
`9/1997 Handelman et al.
`6/1998 VanHorn
`7/1998 Akiyama et al.
`10/1998 Peterson, Jr.
`1/1999 Peterson, Jr.
`4/1999 Mages et al.
`4/1999 Huggins et al.
`4/1999 Ryu
`7/1999 Wang et al.
`11/1999 Graunke et al.
`11/1999 Morrill, Jr.
`3/2000 Campinos et al.
`3/2000 Mages et al.
`3/2000 Hsu et al.
`4/2000 Spies et al.
`6/2000 Sirbu
`7/2000 Kato et al.
`8/2000 Allport
`8/2000 Walker et al.
`11/2000 Anderson
`12/2000 Seidel
`3/2001 Selitrennikoff et al.
`4/2001 Raynesford et al.
`6/2001 Fritsch
`7/2001 Campinos et al.
`9/2001 Rosin et al.
`1/2002 Lyson et al.
`1/2002 Kato et al.
`4/2002 Ansell et al.
`4/2002 Wonfor et al.
`5/2002 Wiser et al.
`5/2002 White et al.
`5/2002 Rosin et al.
`6/2002 Shen et al.
`6/2002 Rosin et al.
`7/2002 Saito
`7/2002 Rallis et al.
`8/2002 Kupka et al.
`9/2002 Grapes
`10/2002 Geiger et al.
`11/2002 Horsley
`12/2002 Freeny, Jr.
`1/2003 Steen et al.
`2/2003 Wehrenberg
`3/2003 Gets in et al.
`4/2003 Schena et al.
`4/2003 Sims, III
`5/2003 Ma eta!.
`5/2003 Murphy
`9/2003 White et al.
`10/2003 Hasegawa
`11/2003 Hunter et al.
`12/2003 Waggamon et al.
`1/2004 Searle
`2/2004 Jones et al.
`3/2004 Yap et al.
`8/2004 Peinado et al.
`10/2004 White et al.
`10/2004 Chernock et al.
`2/2005 Prokoski et al.
`3/2005 Hatakeyama et al.
`4/2005 Callaway et al.
`9/2005 Lee et al.
`10/2005 Bahl et al.
`12/2005 Giobbi
`12/2005 Rodriguez et al.
`3/2006 Nielsen
`1/2007 Frerking
`7/2007 Miller
`12/2007 Giobbi
`1/2002 Peinado et al.
`1/2002 Peinado
`2/2002 Nagai et al.
`2/2002 Akashi
`6/2002 Maritzen et al.
`
`2002/0104006 Al
`2002/0108049 Al
`2002/0109580 Al
`2003/0055689 Al
`2003/0213840 Al
`2004/0129787 Al
`2005/0090200 Al
`2005/0116020 Al
`2006/0111955 Al
`2006/0136742 Al
`2006/0208066 Al
`2007/0159994 Al
`2007/0174809 Al
`
`8/2002 Boate et al.
`8/2002 Xu et al.
`8/2002 Shreve et al.
`3/2003 Block et al.
`11/2003 Livingston et al.
`7 /2004 Saito et al.
`4/2005 Karaoguz et al.
`6/2005 Smolucha et al.
`5/2006 Winter et al.
`6/2006 Giobbi
`9/2006 Finn et al.
`7/2007 Brown et al.
`7/2007 Brown et al.
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
`
`WO 01/75876 Al
`WO O 1/77790 Al
`WO 2005/050450 Al
`WO 2005/086802 A2
`
`10/2001
`10/2001
`6/2005
`9/2005
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Antonoff, Michael, "Visiting Video Valley," Sound & Vision, pp. 116
`and 118-119, Nov. 2001.
`"Applying Biometrics to Door Access," Security Magazine, Sep. 26,
`2002 [ online] [Retrieved on Jan. 7, 2007] Retrieved from the Internet
`<URL:http:/ /www.securitymagazine.comICDA/ Articles/Technolo(cid:173)
`gies/3ae6lOeaa34d801 OV gn VCM 100000f93 2a8cO-> 5 pages.
`Article, "In the Age of Napster, Protecting Copyright is a Digital
`Arms Race," Wall Street Journal, Jul. 24, 2000, 2 pages.
`Article, "Sound Waves Could Help Ease Web-Fraud Woes," Wall
`Street Journal, Aug. 14, 2000, 2 pages.
`Blum, Jonathan, "Digital Rights Management May Solve the N apster
`"Problem"," Technology Investor Industry Sector, (Oct. 2000),
`24-27.
`Brown, D, Techniques for Privacy and Authentication in Personal
`Communication Systems; Personal Communications, IEEE; vol. 2,
`Issue: 4 Publication Year: 1995, pp. 6-10.
`Dagan (Power over Ethernet (PoE) Midspan-The Smart Path to
`Providing Power for IP Telephony Author: Sharon Dagan, Product
`Manager, Systems Aug. 2005, PowerDsine Inc.), 28 pages.
`Debow, Credit/Debit Debuts in Midwest Smart Card Test, Computers
`in Banking, v6, nl 1, p. 10, Nov. 1989, 4 pages.
`Dennis, Digital Passports Need Not Infringe Civil Liberties,
`Newsbytes, Dec. 2, 1999, 2 pages.
`Fasca, Chad, "The Circuit," Electronic News, 45(45) (Nov. 8, 1999),
`20 pages.
`Firecrest Shows How Truly Commercially-Minded Companies Will
`Exploit the Internet, Computergram International, Jan. 18, 1996, 2
`pages.
`"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About BioPay," BioPay, LLC,
`2007, [ online] [Retrieved on Jan. 7, 2007] Retrieved from the Internet
`<URL: http://www.biopay.com1faqs-lowes.asp>, 5 pages.
`Generation of keys for use with the digital signature standard (DSS)
`; Ne!, J.J.; Kuhn, G.J.; Communications and Signal Processing,
`1993., Proceedings of the 1993 IEEE South African Symposium on
`Publication Year: 1993, pp. 6-11.
`encyclopedia,"
`free
`the
`"IEEE
`802.15.4-2006-Wikipedia,
`Wikipedia®, Last Modified Mar. 21, 2009 [Online] [Retrieved on
`Apr. 30, 2009] Retrieved from
`the Internet <URL:http://en.
`wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.15.4-2006>, 4 pages.
`Lake, Matt, "Downloading for Dollars," Sound & Vision, (Nov.
`2000), pp. 137-138.
`Lewis, Sony and Visa in On-Line Entertainment Venture, New York
`Times, vl45, Nov. 16, 1995, 1 page.
`Mclver, R. et al., "Identification and Verification Working Together,"
`Bioscrypt™, Aug. 27, 2004, [online] [Retrieved on Jan. 7, 2007]
`Retrieved
`from
`the
`Internet
`<URL:http://www.ibia.org/
`membersadmin/whitepapers/pdf/ 15/
`Identification%20and%20Verification%20Working%20Together.
`pdf>, 5 pages.
`Nilsson, J. et al., "Match-On-Card for Java Cards," Precise
`Biometrics, White Paper, Apr. 2004, [online] [Retrieved on Jan. 7,
`
`Page 2 of 30
`
`

`

`US 8,646,042 Bl
`Page 3
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`2007] Retrieved from the Internet <URL: http://www.ibia.org/
`membersadmin/whitepapers/pdf/ l 7 /Precise%20Match(cid:173)
`onCard%20for%20Java%20Cards.pdf>, 5 pages.
`Nordin, B., "Match-On-Card Technology," Precise™ Biometrics,
`White Paper, Apr. 2004, [online] [Retrieved on Jan. 7, 2007]
`Retrieved
`from
`the
`Internet
`<URL:http://www.ibia.org/
`Membersadmin/whitepapers/pdf/ 17
`IPrecise%20Match-
`onCard%20technology.pdf>, 7 pages.
`Notification of the International Search Report and Written Opinion,
`PCT/US04138124, Apr. 7, 2005, 10 pages.
`Paget, Paul, "The Security Behind Secure Extranets," Enterprise
`Systems Journal, (Dec. 1999), 4 pgs.
`PCT International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US07/
`lll05, Oct. 20, 2008, 9 pages.
`PCT International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US07/
`l ll03, Apr. 23, 2008, 8 pages.
`PCT International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US05/
`43447, Feb. 22, 2007, 7 pages.
`PCT International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US05/
`46843, Mar. 1, 2007, 10 pages.
`PCT International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US07/
`00349, Mar. 19, 2008, 10 pages.
`Personal Servers as Digital Keys; Beaufour, A.; Bonnet, P.; Pervasive
`Computing and Communications, 2004. PerCom 2004. Proceedings
`of the Second IEEE Annual Conference on Publication Year: 2004,
`pp. 10 pages.
`Press Release, "Micronas and Thomson Multimedia Showcase a
`New Copy Protection System that Will Drive the Future of Digital
`Television," www.micronas.com, Jan. 8, 2002, 3 pages.
`
`Press Release, "Content Protection Plan Targets Wireless Home Net(cid:173)
`works," www.eetimes.com, Jan. 11, 2002, 2 pages.
`Press Release, "Thompson Bets on Smart Cards for Video Encryp(cid:173)
`tion," www.inforrnationweek.com. Jun. 7, 2001, 1 page.
`Press Release, "Thompson Multimedia Unveils Copy Protection Pro(cid:173)
`posal Designed to Provide Additional Layer of Digital Content Secu(cid:173)
`rity," www.thompson-multimedia.com May 30, 2001, 2 pages.
`"SAFModule™: A Look Into Strong Authentication," saflink Corpo(cid:173)
`ration, [ online] [Retrieved on Jan. 7, 2007] Retrieved from the
`Internet<URL:http://www.ibia.org/membersadmin/whitepapers/
`pdf/6/SAFmod_WP.pdf>, 8 pages.
`Sapsford, Jathon, "E-Business: Sound Waves Could Help Ease
`WebFraud Woes," Wall StreetJournal, (Aug. 14, 2000), Bl, 2 pages.
`"Say Hello to Bluetooth," Bluetooth Web site, 5 pages.
`"Smart Cards and Biometrics White Paper," Smart Card Alliance,
`May 2002, [online] [Retrieved on Jan. 7, 2007] Retrieved from the
`Internet
`<URL:http://www.securitymanagement.com/library/
`smartcard_faqtech0802.pdf>, 7 pages.
`Van Winkle, William, "Bluetooth, the King of Connectivity," Laptop
`Buyer's Guide and Handbook, (Jan. 2000), pp. 148-153.
`Wade, W., "Using Fingerprints to Make Payments at POS Slowly
`Gaining Popularity," Credit Union Journal, International Biometric
`Group, Apr. 21, 2003, [online] [Retrieved on Jan. 7, 2007] Retrieved
`from the Internet <URL: http://www.biometricgroup.com1in_the_
`news/04.21.03.htrnl>, 3 pages.
`Wallace, Bob, "The Internet Unplugged," InformationWeek,
`765(22), (Dec. 13, 1999), pp. 22-24.
`Weber, Thomas E., "In the Age ofNapster, Protecting Copyright is a
`Digital Arms Race," Wall StreetJournal, (Jul. 24, 2000), Bl, 2 pages.
`Non-Final Office Action, U.S. Appl. No. 11/939,451, Dated: May 12,
`2010, 12 pages.
`
`Page 3 of 30
`
`

`

`US 8,646,042 Bl
`US 8,646,042 B1
`
`~
`
`|Old
`
`■
`
`C)
`LL
`
`SOUOWOIG
`
`~
`E'"q"
`POL
`Q) C>
`E ..(cid:173)
`a co
`
`Feb.4,2014
`Feb. 4, 2014
`
`Sheet 1 of 15
`Sheet 1 of 15
`
`cOlLMCd
`
`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`Page 4 of 30
`
`<D
`0
`
`u
`C>
`N
`
`CX)
`C>
`
`0 en
`
`C:
`Q)
`U)
`
`80}Josuas
`
`N
`C>
`
`~
`
`0 a..
`
`<(
`C>
`N
`
`
`
`YOz|uoneoiddy
`
`C:
`0
`~
`.S:2
`Cl.
`Cl.
`<(
`
`en <(
`en co
`0 LL
`Q) ..-
`u ..-
`CX) CX)
`..- ..-
`u >-
`..- ..-
`<( ~
`
`A8LL
`
`u
`N ..-..-
`
`VoLLAIG
`
`BdIAJ8S
`
`Q)
`
`Q) <(
`u N co
`·2: ..- N
`..- ..-
`..:.::: ..-
`U) co
`
`Page 4 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`
`Sheet 2 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`
`N
`0
`T"""
`:::s:::'.
`0
`0....
`
`0
`LO
`N
`
`0 ..-
`N
`2:'
`0
`E
`(I)
`~
`
`C
`en o
`en
`:.;:::::;
`(I) CO 0
`~g~
`-- 0..
`$
`0..
`<(
`
`co
`
`N -.
`t5
`(I)
`Q)
`if)
`cc
`if)
`
`00
`c=:::i
`..(cid:173)
`..-
`N
`$ - -...........
`~ co
`E
`~
`0
`. - - - - - - - - - - - - - , (I)
`v9c 1dAJJaondAJJu3 ~
`.__ __ ---.I ___ __. cc
`~
`
`N
`C)
`LL
`
`(I) <(
`uN
`-~ ;::
`(I) =
`if) i:i5
`
`cc
`N ..-
`..-
`
`u
`N
`..-
`..-
`
`■ ■
`
`■
`
`-----
`z
`N
`..-
`..-
`
`- ~
`
`Page 5 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`Feb. 4, 2014
`
`Sheet 3 of 15
`Sheet 3 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`US 8,646,042 B1
`
`(SNES
`
`en o
`::J .!:::
`....,. C
`l9 0
`en o
`
`Jonuoy
`
`.n
`
`1 r
`
`~ N
`ZLE
`a.. ..-
`
`WOdO/|
`
`QC")
`
`■
`
`€Old
`
`(9
`LL
`
`JOSS9001q
`
`0 en en co
`90€
`Q) C)
`~ C")
`a..
`
`
`
`OMEN
`
`..::.::
`oo
`Ob}
`~ ..-
`Q) ..-
`z
`.n
`
`1 r
`
`yOMION
`
`Q0R)J9]UI
`
`80¢
`
`OUJOWOIG
`
`(s\yapeoy
`
`Z0€
`
`I
`
`0-.:f"
`0 C)
`0::: C")
`
`u
`
`:::s:::'. N
`0 0
`a.. ..--
`
`co
`0 ...-
`0 en
`
`I.....
`
`
`
`90)Josuas
`
`C:
`Cl)
`Cf)
`
`Page 6 of 30
`
`Page 6 of 30
`
`
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`Feb. 4, 2014
`
`Sheet 4 of 15
`Sheet 4 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`US 8,646,042 B1
`
`>-
`Q)
`~o :::.::: co
`ast
`WA!
`en oo
`·a..~ ~ ......
`en ..-
`
`C
`0
`
`uoneoiddy
`
`U N
`
`a..
`<(
`
`
`
`Koysseooy
`
`(.)
`<(
`
`cOL4dd
`
`C)
`..-
`L!)
`Q)
`(.)
`·:::;:
`Q)
`0
`Q)
`C
`0
`co
`"O
`C
`.9
`
`
`
`OLSSdIA9qSUO|EPUE}S/Od
`
`U) u 0....
`
`
`
`QQ}Josuas
`
`00
`C)
`..-
`0 en
`
`C
`Q)
`U)
`
`co
`0
`
`N
`C)
`:::.:::
`0
`0....
`
`Page 7 of 30
`
`Veltdd
`
`SOI
`
`Q)
`
`Q) <(
`(.) N
`·2: ..-
`..-
`..:.:::
`U) co
`
`0.... C)
`N
`<( L!)
`
`WL}Aey
`
`ssa00y
`
`en <(
`en oo 0 LL
`Q) ..- 00 00
`(.) ..- ..- ..-
`(.) >- ..- ..-
`<( Q)
`:::.:::
`
`y-Ols
`
`~
`CJ
`LL
`
`co u
`Ocht
`acl}
`N N
`..- ..-
`..- ..-
`
`Page 7 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`Feb. 4, 2014
`
`Sheet 5 of 15
`Sheet 5 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`US 8,646,042 B1
`
`Q)
`(_)
`
`·2:
`
`SOINNASJBWAIXY
`
`
`
`Q)
`U)
`
`co
`E
`~ w
`
`
`
`ZbGSOIABPAYOMON/Od
`
`N
`~
`Q)
`(_)
`·:,;:
`Q)
`0
`"O
`Q)
`-'<'.
`0
`]!;
`Q) z
`0
`D...
`
`>,
`c::
`Q)
`0
`::,,:: cc
`021
`en co
`~C )
`UN
`en~
`~ ,r- ~~
`0..
`<(
`
`aghl
`
`(_)
`
`Keysseooy
`uoneoddy
`<( m
`0 7
`uoneaddy
`
`I
`
`-'<'.
`
`c::
`0
`
`15 g
`a.
`0..
`<(
`
`- o
`D...N
`<( I.(")
`
`en <(
`en co 0 LL
`Q).,.... co co
`.,....
`(_) >, .,....
`<( Q)
`::,,::
`
`(_ )~
`
`GOld
`
`LO
`C)
`LL
`
`<(
`N cc 0
`.,....
`N N
`.,....
`.,....
`
`ach
`
`Och
`
`Vebblg
`
`-'<'.
`iii
`
`Lng]
`
`20140d
`
`co
`0
`
`~
`
`
`
`9Q|sosues
`
`0 en
`c::
`Q)
`U)
`
`Q)
`(_)
`
`·2:
`
`S0INaS
`
`Q)
`U)
`
`N
`0
`::,,::
`0
`D...
`
`Page 8 of 30
`
`Page 8 of 30
`
`

`

`N = """'
`= ~
`
`0--,
`~
`O'I
`00
`d r.,;_
`
`Ul
`
`....
`0 ....
`O'I
`.....
`rJJ =-
`
`('D
`('D
`
`...
`....
`~ ...
`?'
`('D
`"f'j
`
`0
`N
`
`=
`
`~
`
`~
`~
`~
`~
`
`00 .
`~
`
`1 1 Key 118B , ,
`
`'\.11 App 120Z3
`
`I
`
`510Z3
`
`~ I
`
`Key 118B I
`
`App 120Z2
`
`I
`
`510Z2
`
`I
`
`1 1 Key 118A 11
`
`/
`
`I App 120Z1 I
`
`510Z1
`
`108Z
`
`/
`
`I
`
`Key 118F
`
`FIG. 6
`
`j
`I
`
`I
`
`' n7
`
`I
`
`112N
`
`■
`
`112C
`112B
`
`Blk 112A
`Service
`
`POK 102
`
`Key 118C 11
`App 120W 11 ~ I
`
`l
`I
`
`Key 118C
`
`App 120V
`
`I
`
`510V
`
`I
`
`I
`
`510W
`
`Key 118C 11
`
`App 120X 11 ~ Key 118C
`
`120Y2
`App
`
`~ 120Y1
`
`App
`
`11
`
`510Y
`
`-
`
`I
`
`510X
`
`Page 9 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`
`Sheet 7 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`
`■
`
`t-
`C)
`LL
`
`OSLV'J[IIJS
`
`OvL sng
`
`~
`cN
`r--
`0
`10 C:
`8:.s2
`_J u
`~
`I-
`
`a,
`C
`·5:, O'.l
`co C)
`UJ N
`~ r--
`2
`
`<.)
`C)
`N r--
`~
`Q)
`<(
`
`£§
`8'.~
`-= a.
`"O UJ
`..r::. 0..
`I- <:(
`
`UJ
`0..
`0..
`<:( w
`Q) C)
`-N
`~ r--
`&
`
`""ffi..:.::
`E ,.._
`Q) 0 xi: w Q)
`
`oZ
`I-
`
`Page 10 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`
`Sheet 8 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`
`830
`
`FIG. 8
`
`----c
`
`910
`
`FIG. 9
`
`Page 11 of 30
`
`

`

`Ul
`
`....
`0 ....
`.....
`rJJ =(cid:173)
`
`1,0
`
`('D
`('D
`
`0 ....
`N
`J-(cid:173)
`?'
`('D
`"f'j
`
`.i;...
`
`~ = ~
`
`~
`~
`~
`
`00 .
`~
`
`N = "'""'
`0--, = ~
`
`~
`O'I
`00
`d r.,;_
`
`button 1
`
`1060 POK clears
`
`"
`
`11050C Beacon <Button 1 Clear) I
`
`I ALOHA (no AlertsTl
`
`"'
`
`FIG.10
`
`.
`
`I _
`
`--
`
`I -
`
`I 1050A I _ I 1050B
`
`--
`
`-
`
`I
`
`I 1020B
`
`-
`-
`
`I 1020C I
`
`-
`
`alert (button 1)
`
`1040 Operator clears
`
`request displayed
`
`1030 Service
`
`"'
`"'
`
`I ALOHA (Button 1 Alert) I
`
`I Beacon (no Aux. Data) I
`
`I Beacon (no Aux. Data) I
`
`I 1020A ALOHA (Button 1 Alert\
`
`-
`
`"'
`"'
`
`presses button 1
`
`1010 User
`
`IPT "
`
`I Sensor I
`
`I Coor inator I
`
`I ApplIcatIon I ~ Bl
`
`Page 12 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`
`Sheet 10 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`
`o:::w
`LlJ 0
`I>
`f- LlJ Oo
`
`c.o
`0
`
`'Sj"
`0
`'<"""
`'<"""
`
`~ col
`0N
`a..~
`
`col
`o
`o""'"
`0:::?5
`
`...---
`...---
`C)
`LL
`
`■
`
`N
`0
`...---
`...---
`a,
`(.)
`">
`a,
`0
`"'O
`·c
`...c
`:r:
`
`Page 13 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`
`Sheet 11 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`
`2:-
`2 co
`Q) [l)
`§ o6 "'T
`iS: "E ~ -
`Q) C: oo
`0..
`E
`0
`0
`
`(I) ~
`
`=
`
`N
`0
`N ...----
`a,
`C
`0
`
`...c: a..
`a,
`(_)
`
`co
`0 ..---
`..---?
`
`'Sj"
`
`0 ..---
`..---(
`
`-
`
`-
`
`ctl
`N
`0
`
`~
`0
`CL
`
`-
`
`ctl
`s:t"
`0
`(")
`0
`0 a::
`
`f,......,-~
`..---
`..---
`
`~
`
`~
`
`CJ
`LL
`
`~
`
`co
`0
`N
`
`"E
`ctl CD oo
`~~
`
`(./)
`
`.n
`N
`0
`
`~
`0
`CL
`
`Page 14 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`Feb. 4, 2014
`
`Sheet 12 of 15
`Sheet 12 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`US 8,646,042 B1
`
`qv0eD0u
`
`.0
`s::I"
`C>
`(")
`u
`0
`Ct'.
`
`991APUGAH
`
`N
`0 ...----
`...----
`0)
`(.) "> 0)
`
`COLL
`
`"Si"
`0
`
`ecOlMd
`
`cu
`N
`.....
`C>
`~
`0
`0..
`
`ep0e20d
`
`cu
`s::I"
`C>
`(")
`u
`0
`Ct'.
`
`M
`
`~
`
`elOld
`
`C)
`LL
`
`0
`-0
`·;::
`...0
`:r:
`
`N
`0
`(")
`
`OOEL
`
`Page 15 of 30
`
`.0
`N
`C>
`
`G20Mdd
`
`.....
`~
`0
`0..
`
`Page 15 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`Feb. 4, 2014
`
`Sheet 13 of 15
`Sheet 13 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`US 8,646,042 B1
`
`_J
`
`
`
`TWNOISF1EVNA
`
`<( z
`
`C)
`(f)
`w
`_J co
`<( z
`w
`
`qr0eOdd
`
`..c
`"SI"
`C)
`C")
`u
`0
`0:::
`
`c.o
`0
`s:::t
`
`90F|
`
`s:::t
`0
`s:::t
`
`
`
`COLLS91A9Q
`
`N
`0 ...---
`...---
`Q)
`(_)
`">
`Q)
`Cl
`"O
`·c
`...0
`I
`
`co
`N
`C)
`
`&2OL4d
`
`~
`D
`0..
`
`PLGAH
`
`-.:;::I-
`' , r -
`
`vlOld
`
`CJ
`LL
`
`co
`"SI"
`C)
`C")
`
`Bp0eO0Y
`
`u
`D
`0:::
`
`s:::t
`0 .....
`.....
`
`N
`0
`s:::t
`
`OOF|
`
`Page 16 of 30
`
`qc0l4dd
`
`..c
`N
`.....
`C)
`~
`D
`0..
`
`Page 16 of 30
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`U.S. Patent
`
`Feb.4,2014
`Feb. 4, 2014
`
`Sheet 14 of 15
`Sheet 14 of 15
`
`US 8,646,042 Bl
`US 8,646,042 B1
`
`...J
`
`<( z
`w
`
`318€VNA By0eOdYUZOlMOd
`
`
`/COLL891A9qPLGA
`
`<( z
`(9
`u5
`w
`...J
`a)
`
`TWNOIS
`
`Ct)
`N
`C)
`
`BOLAdd
`
`::.:::
`0
`0...
`
`LO
`
`~
`
`Gb-Ols
`
`CJ
`LL
`
`(0
`0
`LO
`
`Ct)
`'SI"
`C)
`('")
`0
`0
`0:::
`
`C:
`N
`C)
`
`::.:::
`0
`0...
`
`'Sf"
`
`0 ----
`
`• • •
`
`00S1
`
`N
`0 ..--
`..--
`0)
`(.)
`">
`0)
`0
`"O
`·c
`..c
`:r:
`
`“iN
`
`Page 17 of 30
`
`.0
`N
`C)
`
`G20)Mad
`
`::.:::
`0
`0...
`
`Page 17 of 30
`
`

`

`N = "'""'
`0--, = ~
`
`~
`O'I
`00
`d r.,;_
`
`FIG. 16
`
`I
`
`1616
`
`Personaliti Inheritance
`
`Feature Inheritance 1614
`
`....
`0 ....
`Ul
`....
`.....
`=-
`
`('D
`('D
`
`rJJ
`
`Ul
`
`...
`....
`~ ...
`
`?'
`('D
`"f'j
`
`0
`N
`
`= ~
`
`~
`~
`~
`~
`
`00 .
`~
`
`1652
`
`I :::
`~DC/Wi-Fi Service
`
`1600
`
`I
`
`1606
`
`I
`
`Pf:rilQnaliti lnh!;lritanQf: 1
`
`\
`
`1650
`
`I I
`
`1604
`
`Feature Inheritance
`
`I I '\.
`
`Comp. A Access
`
`Wi-Fi Access Acct
`Cell Account 1
`Credit Cart Acct. 1
`
`1602
`
`Service Inheritance
`
`I
`/
`~ 7 ROG 304b
`I
`
`I W-L
`I
`
`I /I
`
`_,,,,..
`
`i----..
`
`I
`
`'I.
`
`Cell Account 2
`Credit Cart Acct. 2
`
`Service Inheritance 1612
`
`I "f I ::J
`
`1104
`
`POK 102a
`
`Hybrid Device 1102b
`
`I
`
`'V.
`
`I
`
`POK 102b
`
`Page 18 of 30
`
`

`

`US 8,646,042 B 1
`
`1
`HYBRID DEVICE HAVING A PERSONAL
`DIGITAL KEY AND RECEIVER-DECODER
`CIRCUIT AND METHODS OF USE
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C.
`§120 to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/329,329 entitled
`"Hybrid Device Having a Personal Digital Key and Receiver
`Decoder Circuit and Method of Use," filed Dec. 5, 2008,
`which claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119( e)
`of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/992,953 entitled
`"Reverse Prox," filed on Dec. 6, 2007 by David L. Brown,
`John J. Giobbi and Fred S. Hirt. The entire contents of all of
`the foregoing are incorporated by reference herein.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`2
`the hybrid device are coupled for communication with each
`other. In one embodiment, the hybrid device also provides a
`physical interconnect for connecting to other devices to send
`and receive control signals and data, and receive power. The
`5 hybrid device operates in one of several modes including,
`PDK only, RDC only, or PDK and RDC. This allows a variety
`of system configurations for mixed operation including:
`PDK/RDC, RDC/RDC or PDK/PDK. The present invention
`also includes a number of system configurations for use of the
`10 hybrid device including: use of the hybrid device in a cell
`phone; simultaneous use of the PDK and the RDC function(cid:173)
`ality of hybrid device; use of multiple links of hybrid device
`to generate an authorization signal, use of multiple PDK links
`to the hybrid device to generate an authorization signal; use of
`15 the hybrid device for authorization inheritance and use of the
`hybrid device for automatically disabling a service or feature.
`Other aspects of the invention include systems and com(cid:173)
`ponents corresponding to the above, and methods corre(cid:173)
`sponding to all of the foregoing.
`
`20
`
`1. Field of Art
`The invention generally relates to personal digital keys and
`corresponding sensors, capable of proximity detection/loca(cid:173)
`tion determination and auxiliary data services/application
`services. Still more particularly, the present invention relates
`to a hybrid device including a personal digital key (PDK) and 25
`a receiver-decoder circuit (RDC) and methods for using
`same.
`2. Description of the Related Art
`Proximity sensors and location tracking are technologies
`with many applications. For example, proximity sensors can 30
`be used to provide secure access to physical and/or digital
`assets, based on biometrics, passwords, PINs, or other types
`of authentication. Proximity sensors typically have advan(cid:173)
`tages of being less cumbersome, easier to use, and more
`flexible in form factor and implementation. Proximity sensors 35
`can be used to control access to resources and/or to authenti(cid:173)
`cate individuals, for example.
`One possible application that can take advantage of prox(cid:173)
`imity sensors is location tracking RFID tracking is one
`example. In RFID, RFID tags are attached to objects to be 40
`tracked. RFID readers then interact with the RFID tags to
`determine the location of the tag. Regardless of how it is
`accomplished, location tracking (i.e., knowledge about the
`location of an object or person) is generally useful. For
`example, location tracking information can be used to track 45
`inventory and trace the route of objects through various loca(cid:173)
`tions. It can be used for time and motion studies. If tags are
`attached to people, then tracking of people can be used to
`better understand their behavior. Know ledge about a person's
`location (and/ortheirpast locations and projected future loca- 50
`tions) could be used to provide better services to that person.
`However, most proximity systems and location tracking
`systems have limited capabilities. Typically, the proximity
`sensor, RFID tag or similar device is a dumb device, in the
`sense that the device is designed and has the capability only to 55
`report its location. For example, such devices typically do not
`have the capabilities to run different applications or to even
`interact with different applications. Furthermore, these sys(cid:173)
`tems typically are proprietary and narrowly tailored for a
`specific situation, thus preventing easy expandability to other 60
`situations or third party applications.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
`
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a
`system according to the invention.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a
`Personal Digital Key (PDK).
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a
`sensor.
`FIGS. 4-6 are block diagrams illustrating further embodi(cid:173)
`ments of systems according to the invention.
`FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a
`system with networked sensors.
`FIGS. 8-9 are block diagrams illustrating operation of the
`system in FIG. 7.
`FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating operation of the system in
`FIG. 7.
`FIG. 11 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a hybrid
`device in accordance with the present invention.
`FIG. 12 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a system
`in which the hybrid device is part of a cell phone in accor(cid:173)
`dance with the present invention.
`FIG. 13 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a system
`using the PDK and the RDC functionality of hybrid device in
`accordance with the present invention.
`FIG. 14 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a system
`using the multiple links ofhybrid device to generate an autho(cid:173)
`rization signal in accordance with the present invention.
`FIG. 15 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a system
`using the multiple PDK links to the hybrid device to generate
`an authorization signal in accordance with the present inven(cid:173)
`tion.
`FIG.16 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a system
`using the hybrid device for authorization inheritance in accor(cid:173)
`dance with the present invention.
`The figures depict various embodiments of the present
`invention for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the
`art will readily recognize from the following discussion that
`alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illus(cid:173)
`trated herein may be employed without departing from the
`principles of the invention described herein.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`SUMMARY
`
`Various drawbacks of the prior art are overcome by pro- 65
`viding a hybrid device including a personal digital key (PDK)
`and a receiver-decoder circuit (RDC). The PDK and RDC of
`
`FIG. 1 is a high level block diagram illustrating a system
`for allowing access to multiple applications ( or services). The
`system 100 comprises a Personal Digital Key (PDK) 102, a
`sensor 108, a network 110 and one or more applications 120
`
`Page 19 of 30
`
`

`

`US 8,646,042 B 1
`
`3
`(including services). The sensor 108 is coupled to the PDK
`102 by a wireless link 106 and coupled to a network 110 by
`either a wired or wireless link. In this example, the applica(cid:173)
`tions 120 are also accessed over network 110. The sensor 108
`is also adapted to receive a biometric input 104 from a user
`and is capable of displaying status to a user. In alternative
`embodiments, different or additional resources and databases
`may be coupled to the network 110, including for example
`registries and databases used for validation or to check vari(cid:173)
`ous registrations of the user. In another embodiment, the
`sensor 108 operates as a standalone device without a connec(cid:173)
`tion to the network 110.
`The PDK 102 includes multiple service blocks 112A-N as
`described in more detail in FIG. 2. Each service block 112 is
`accessed using a corresponding service block access key 118.
`In this example, the sensor 108 contains three of the service
`block access keys 118A, D, F. The service block access keys
`118 allow the sensor 108 to unlock information stored in the
`corresponding service blocks 112, which information is used
`as local secured information.
`In one example, a biometric is required in order to access
`specific service blocks 112 in the PDK 102. Verification of the
`biometric is achieved by using service block 112A. The sen-
`sor 108 stores the corresponding service block access key
`118A and uses this key to unlock the biometric service block 25
`112A, which stores a valid biometric. A current biometric is
`received using biometric input 104. The sensor 108 then
`verifies the stored biometric (from service block 112A)
`against the recently acquired biometric (from input 104).
`Upon proper verification, various applications 120 are per- 30
`mitted to connect to the PDK 102 via the sensor 108 and/or to
`gain access to other service blocks 112.
`The system 100 can be used to address applications 120
`where it is important to authenticate an individual for use.
`Generally, the sensor 108 wirelessly receives information
`stored in the PDK 102 that uniquely identifies the PDK 102
`and the individual carrying the PDK 102. The sensor 108 can
`also receive a biometric input 104 from the individual. Based
`on the received information, the sensor 108 determines if
`access to the application 120 should be granted. In this
`example, the system 100 provides authentication without the
`need for PINs or passwords (although PINs and passwords
`may be used in other implementations). Moreover, personal
`biometric information need not be stored in any local or
`remote storage database and is only stored on the user's own
`PDK (in one embodiment).
`The credibility of the system 100 is ensured by the use of a
`PDK 102 that stores trusted information. The PDK 102 is a
`compact, portable uniquely identifiable wireless device typi(cid:173)
`cally carried by an individual. The PDK 102 stores digital
`information in a tamper-proof format that uniquely associates
`the PDK 102 with an individual. Example embodiments of
`PD Ks are described in more detail in U.S. patent application
`Ser. No. 11/292,330, entitled "Personal Digital Key And
`Receiver/Decoder Circuit System And Method" filed on Nov.
`30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/620,581 entitled
`"Wireless Network Synchronization Of Cells And Client
`Devices On A Network" filed on Jan. 5, 2007; and U.S. patent
`application Ser. No. 11/620,577 entitled "Dynamic Real(cid:173)
`Time Tiered Client Access" filed on Jan. 5, 2007, the entire
`contents of which are all incorporated herein by reference.
`The sensor 108 wirelessly communicates with the PDK
`102 when the PDK 102 is within a proximity zone (i.e., within
`a microcell) of the sensor 108. The proximity zone can be, for
`example, several meters in radius and preferably can be 65
`adjusted dynamically by the sensor 108. Thus, in contrast to
`many conventional RF ID devices, the sensor 108 can detect
`
`4
`and communicate with the PDK 102 without requiring the
`owner to remove the PDK 102 from his/her pocket, wallet,
`purse, etc. Generally, the sensor 108 receives uniquely iden(cid:173)
`tifying information from the PD K 102 and initiates an authen(cid:173)
`tication process for the individual carrying the PDK 102. In
`one embodiment, the sensor 108 is adapted to receive a bio(cid:173)
`metric input 104 from the individual. The biometric input 104
`comprises a representation of physical or behavioral charac(cid:173)
`teristics unique to the individual. For example, the biometric
`10 input 104 can include a fingerprint, a palm print, a retinal
`scan, an iris scan, a photograph, a signature, a voice sample or
`any other biometric information such as DNA, RNA or their
`derivatives that can uniquely identify the individual. The sen(cid:173)
`sor 108 compares the biometric input 104 to information
`15 received from the PDK 102 to determine authentication.
`Alternatively, the biometric input 104 can be obtained by a
`biometric sensor on the PDK 102 and transmitted to the
`sensor 108 for authentication. In additional alternative
`embodiment, some or all of the authentication process can be
`20 performed by the PDK 102 instead of the sensor 108.
`In this example, the sensor 108 is further communicatively
`coupled to the network 110 in order to receive an