(No Model.)
`
`9 Sheets—Sheet1.
`
`*
`
`No, 494,562.
`
`“
`
`Patented Apr. 4, 1893.
`
`Valve v. Immersion
`
`
`E. GRAY,
`TELAUTOGRAPH.
`
`Valve Exhibit 1060
`Valve Exhibit 1060
`Valve v. Immersion
`
`

`

`(No Model.)
`
`
`
`9 Sheets..,..Sheet 2.
`
`E.GRAY.
`'TELAUTOGRAPH.
`
`No. 494,562.
`
`
`
`Patented Apr. 4, 1893.
`
`1------.----,1,,
`I
`
`I" - ., � ' '
`\
`•J
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`
`I-�
`,t
`11
`
`-L7�ve�r
`G��A-a_:t
`
`1��
`
`
`
`THE NOARJS PETERS CO., PHOTO.LITHO .. WASHINGTON. D. C
`
`
`
`

`

`tNo Model.)
`
`
`
`9 Sheets-Sheet 3.
`
`E.GRAY.
`TELAUTOGRAPH.
`No. 494,562.
`Patented Apr. 4, 1893!
`
`
`
`I I
`I I
`
`�-,
`I
`
`I
`
`.Jicve:rcMr.
`
`�Ld��=-c.
`��
`
`
`
`
`
`THE NORRIS PETERS CO., PHOTO-LITHO., WASHINGTON, D. C
`
`

`

`(NO Model.)
`
`
`
`9 Sheets-Sheet 4.
`
`E.GRAY.
`TELAUTOGRAPH.
`No. 494,562.
`
`Patented Apr. 4, 1893,
`
`/0 14
`
`.D
`
`/0
`
`JJ
`
`JELcecrX:/, fyf
`
`-�-�­j;JV L q�
`
`19
`
`tf� q_-� /
`i��
`
`THE NORRIS PETE AS CO, PHOTO-LITHO., WASHINGTON, D. C
`
`

`

`(No Model.)
`
`
`E. GRAY.
`TELAUTOGRAPH.
`No. 494,562.
`Patnnted Apr. 4J 1893.
`
`9 Sheets-Sheet 5.
`
`',<O
`
`I I
`
`-
`
`L_ ; - -/
`
`!
`
`II
`
`
`�.el
`�f
`
`7
`I
`
`I I I lek I I
`
`=J;;;;tj=$::::::==��*r--:-µ,,-
`
`1..-e
`I
`
`/ft
`
`
`
`
`
`.THE NORRIS PETERS CO, PHOTO-LIT HO., W"SHINGTON, o; C
`
`r--------'----
`I
`ri,,,,,-""'"l�-�
`rd'
`36
`I
`, ,
`I
`
`I
`
`I
`
`

`

`(No Model.)
`
`
`
`9 Sheets-,-Sheet 6.
`
`E.GRAY.
`TELAUTOGRAPH,
`
`
`
`No. 494,562. Patented Apr. 4, 1893 .
`
`.Inve,-nZor.·
`
`&;J-�-=/
`7/Y�� ,�.r:
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`TH€ NORRIS i:£TERS CO, PHOTQ.LITHO., W.-.SHINGTON. 0, C.
`
`

`

`(No Model.)
`
`
`
`9 Sheets-Sheet 7.
`
`E.GRAY.
`TELAUTOGRAPH,
`
`No. 4941562.
`
`
`
`Patented Apr. 4, 1893.
`
`�-�7
`7���
`
`
`
`TH£. NORRIS PETERS CO, PHOT0-L1THO., WASHINGTON, 0. C.
`
`
`
`

`

`(No Model.)
`
`
`
`9 Sheets-Sheet 8.
`
`E.GRAY.
`TELAUTOGRAPH,
`
`Patented Apr. 4, 1893.
`No. 494,562.
`
`_b-cue-7 iZor:
`
`�C<--�7-
`1�#���
`
`�.P.'
`
`
`
`
`
`THE NORRIS PETERS CO .. PHOTO,UTHO .. WASHINGTON, D. C.
`
`

`

`(No Model.)
`
`9 Sheets-Sheet
`9.
`
`E.GRAY.
`TELAUTOGRAPH,
`Patented
`Apr. 4, 1893i
`
`1'0
`
`·�
`n:· "I)
`1!il1l1
`�.· '
`,,, �
`111111
`
`·G.
`
`ll
`
`THE NORRIS PETEAS CO.,
`PHOTO.LITHO.,
`WASHINGTON.
`D. C
`
`

`

`UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ..
`
`ELISHA GRAY, OF HIGHLAND PARK, ILLINOIS.
`
`TELAUTOGRAPH.
`
`SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 494,562, dated April 4, 1893.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Application filed July 16, 1887, Serial No, 2441490, (No model.)
`
`if the operator formed bis characters too
`
`
`To all whom it may concern:
`
`
`slowly they would be separated too far from
`Be it known that I, ELISHA GRAY, a citizen
`
`each other. In addition to this it was neces-55
`
`
`of the United States, residing at Highland
`
`
`sary for the operntor to distort his characters
`Park, county of Lake, and State of Illinois,
`
`
`5 have invented certain new and useful Im­
`
`in such a manner and to such an extent that
`
`
`the movement of the paper beneath the re­
`
`
`provements in Telautographs, fully described
`
`
`ceiving pen would exactly or approximately
`
`
`and represented in the following specification
`
`
`
`compensate for this distortion and result in 60
`
`
`
`and the accompanying drawings, forming a
`
`
`the production of characters of the proper
`part of the same.
`
`form, and the amount and character of the
`
`
`
`of the 10 This invention relates to a telegraph
`
`
`distortion neces'lary on the part of the oper­
`
`class in which the act of writing the message
`
`
`ator was dependent upon and varied with the
`
`
`
`at the sending station operates to reproduce
`speed at which he wrote and the speed at which 65
`
`
`it at the receiving station. In all the systems
`the paper moved. All these things made it
`
`of telegraphy of this class which have hero-
`15 tofore
`
`
`
`difficult to produce good results and made it
`
`
`been proposed the transmitting instru­
`
`
`
`practically impossible for the systems to be
`
`
`(hflreinafter ment proper, i.e. the instrument
`
`
`
`operated except by trained operators. This
`
`
`forconveniencecalled a pen) which was moved
`
`
`continued movement of the paper l.ly means 70
`
`by the hand of the operator to form the mes­
`
`
`not under the control of the operator, together
`
`
`
`sage,and also the receiving instrument proper,
`
`
`with the limited range of movement of the
`
`
`20 i. e. the instrument (also hereinafter for con­
`
`
`transmitting and receiving pens, made it
`
`
`venience called a pen) which moved in uni­
`
`
`
`practically impossible to make alterations or
`
`son with the transmitting pen to reproduce
`
`
`corrections in a sentence or even in a word 75
`
`
`the message, have been capable of only suffi­
`
`after it had been written; and thus made it
`
`
`cient or slightly more than sufficient move-
`
`
`necessary, if a mistake was made, to re-write
`
`
`25 ment to produce a single character, the suc­
`
`
`the whole matter, and this again resulted in
`
`
`cessive characters to make up the words and
`
`
`trouble because there was no means of eras-
`
`
`sentences being produced one after the other
`
`ing the erroneous matter.
`So
`in the same field. In order to cause the char­
`
`acters thus produced to take their proper
`
`
`
`Another objection to the telegraphs of this
`
`class which have heretofore been proposed
`
`30 places one-after the other to form the suc­
`was due to the fact that no means was pro­
`
`cessive words, the paper upon which the
`
`vided for breaking the line made by the re­
`
`
`message was written by the receiving. pen
`
`
`ceiving pen from the commencement to the 85
`and also the paper upon which the message
`
`close of the message. From this it resulted
`
`was writen by the operator, if a copy of the
`
`that not only the letters of each word but all
`
`35 message was to be preserved, was caused
`
`
`the words of the message were connected., thus
`
`
`to move continuously beneath the pen by
`
`
`not only making unsightly writing but mak-
`
`
`
`means of a feeding mechanism specially pro­
`
`
`ing it impossible to distinguish between the 90
`
`vided for that purpose and not under the
`
`
`different words unless care was taken by the
`
`
`control of the operator. From this it resulted
`
`
`operator to separate the words a considerable
`
`
`40 that in order to produce characters of the
`
`
`distance. This continuous marking of the
`proper form nnd to cause them to take their
`
`
`
`
`
`proper positions in succession to form the receiving pen also made it impossible (even
`
`
`if the continual movement of the paper had not 95
`
`
`words and sentences, it was necessary for the
`it) to dot an i or cross a t or under-
`
`
`operator to make allowance for the movement
`precluded
`score or erase a word or make any other char­
`
`45 of the paper. To illustrate; if the operator
`
`acter or sign above or below a letter or word
`
`formed his characters in too rapid succession
`
`
`
`without joining such additional mark or char­
`
`
`the second character would be reprouuced be­
`
`acter to the word or letter, which, of course,
`
`fore the paper upon which the message was
`100
`
`
`injured the appearance of the writing.
`
`
`being written had moved sufficiently far to
`
`Owing to the difficulties which have been
`
`50 carry tluci first character away from the re­
`
`
`
`
`
`ceiving pen, and tlie result would be that the enumerated the telegraphs of this class here­
`
`
`tofore proposed could not be used successfully
`
`
`
`two characters wrnld overlap each other; or;
`
`

`

`2
`
`4G4,5<32
`
`Co-operating with the receiving instrument,
`
`for transmitting any matter such as pictmes,
`
`
`
`or forming a part thereof, is a means for sup­
`
`
`drawings, maps or diagrams, or such charac­
`
`
`porting a sheet of paper or other recording 70
`
`ters as Hebrew or Chinese, or those employed
`
`surface, either in the form of a continuous
`
`in shorthand writing, which in order to be of
`band or strip or in the form of a pad or a de­
`
`5 value or to be distinguished and read must
`
`
`
`tached sheet, in proper position beneath the
`
`be made with at least comparative accuracy.
`
`pen to receive the message and a means for
`
`
`It. is the object of the present invention to
`
`
`shifting this paper after the completion of 75
`
`
`overcome the above mentioned difficulties
`
`each line of writing, so as to bring it in proper
`
`
`
`and to provide a writing telegraph, or more
`
`
`
`position beneath the pen to receive tho suc­
`
`
`ro properly a telautograph, in which the receiv­
`
`ceeding line.
`
`
`ing pen shall operate simultaneously and in
`In the preferred construction the paper is
`
`
`
`unison with and produce au exact fac simiie
`
`
`
`stationary during the writing and is shifted So
`
`
`of whatever matter is written or traced by
`
`the transmitting pen, in which the continu-
`
`after the completion of each line. It is to be
`
`
`
`remarked, however, that the instrument may
`
`15 ance of the mark or line made by the receiv­
`
`be so organized that the pen will be station­
`
`ing pen shall be under the control of the op­
`
`
`ary, the movements of both of the levers be­
`
`
`
`erator so that the connection between the let­
`
`ters or words can be broken whenever desired
`
`
`fore referred to being transmitted to the pa-85
`
`and in which it, shall be possible to make
`per, or the movement of one lever may be
`
`20 erasures, insert.ions, corrections, changes or
`
`transmitted to the pen and the other to the
`
`paper. In any ca8e, however, the paper is
`
`additions in or to the matter which bas been
`
`
`not advanced continuously and independ­
`
`transmitted, at the will of the operator.
`
`
`ently of the control of the operator during 90
`
`
`In order that the detailed description of the
`
`
`
`construction, organization and operation of
`
`
`
`the writing but is only moved in perfect har­
`
`25 the instruments and the system embodying
`
`mony with the 111ovements of the transmit­
`
`ting pen and is under the perfect and con­
`
`
`the invention which will be hereinafter given
`
`may be more readily understood a brief out­
`
`
`
`tinual control of the operator. From this it
`line of the system will be first given. The
`
`
`results that the operator can pause at any 95
`
`
`system consists primarily of two instruments;
`point or for any length of time and, the pa-
`
`
`per in the receiving instrument being sta­
`
`
`
`30 a transmitting instrument and a receiving in­
`stmmen t. The transmitting instrument con­
`
`
`
`tionary, upon recommencing the writing the
`
`
`sists primarily of the transmitting pen which
`
`
`receiving pen will continue the record from
`
`the point where it was interrupted. From roo
`
`can be moved by the operator over a field of
`
`considerable extent. If the i nstru men t is de-
`
`
`this feature it also results that the operator
`
`
`35 signed for transmitting messages in writing
`can go back in the line and make a correc­
`to the
`the field will be equal in one direction
`
`
`tion, erasure or interlineation at any point.
`
`
`length of a line of the writing and in the other
`
`
`This also permits the operator to write at ir­
`
`
`direction to the dis.tance above and below the
`
`
`regular speeds and relieves him from the ne-105
`
`
`line occupied by any character. The trans-
`
`
`
`cessity of distorting his writing to compensate
`
`
`pen is arranged to control resistances
`40 mitting
`
`for the movement of the paper. At the end
`
`
`
`located in two electric circuits and arranged
`
`of the line the operator simply moves the
`
`
`
`to increase aud diminish the strengths of the
`
`transmitting pen back to the point where the
`
`
`
`currents passing over their respective cir­
`
`
`
`line commenced and the receiving instrument r ro
`
`cuits, as the pen is moved along the length
`
`
`responds to that movement so as to bring the
`45 of the line and above and below the line.
`
`receiving pen and the paper intt> the same
`
`
`These two circuits pass through the receiving
`
`
`relative positions to commence a new line.
`
`
`instrument and are connected to two electro­
`
`
`The two instruments are provided. with suit­
`
`
`
`magnets the armatures of which control two
`
`
`
`able devices and electrical connections, which r 15
`
`levers in such manner that the levers are
`
`
`will be hereinafter described, by which the
`
`
`50 caused to vibrate a greater or less distance
`
`
`operator after writing one line and before
`
`
`
`according to the strengths of the currents pass­
`
`commencing the next shifts the paper the
`
`
`ing through the magnets. By this means the
`
`
`proper distance to receive the next line.
`
`
`movements of the transmitting pen along
`
`The circuit in which one of the resistances
`120
`the line and above and below the line will,
`
`and one of the magnets are located is pro­
`
`
`55 through the variations caused in the currents
`
`vided with connections by which whenever
`
`
`passing over the circuits, impart correspond­
`
`
`the transmitting pen is raised slightly, tho
`
`ing movements to the two levers in the re­
`
`same as in raising a pen or pencil from the
`
`
`ceiving instrument. The movements thus im­
`
`
`paper, the receiving pen is correspondingly r 25
`
`
`parted to the two levers in the receiving in-
`raised and vice versa. From this it results
`
`
`
`60 strument are, through suitable connections,
`
`that whenever the end of a line is reached
`
`transmitted to other parts of the instrument,
`
`and the transmitting pen moved back to com­
`
`
`
`preferably directly to the receiving pen, in
`
`
`mence a new line or whenever it becomes nec­
`
`
`such a way as to exactly reproduce the move­
`
`essary to go back on the line to make changes
`130
`
`ments of the transmit.ting pen and thus repro-
`
`
`or corrections, it is only necessary to raise
`
`65 duce au exact facsimile of the line of writ­
`
`
`the transmitting peu in the ordinary way in
`
`ing or other matter written or traced by the
`
`
`order to prevent the receiving pen from mak-
`
`ing a continuous line on the paper and thus
`operator.
`
`

`

`494,562
`
`3
`
`mutilating the record. By this means also
`
`
`of connection is that shown, in which the end
`
`
`
`the operator is enabled to break the connec­
`of the rod is shaped to form a bow, across
`
`
`
`tion between letters or words if he desires to
`
`
`
`which are stretched two cords or flexible wires 70
`
`do so. The system thus briefly outlined will
`
`
`8 9 which at their point of intersection are
`
`
`5 now be described more in detail, reference
`
`connected to the point of the pen. By this
`
`
`being had to the accompanying drawings, in
`
`
`means the pen is permitted to vibrate freely
`which:-
`
`in all directions, while at the same time any
`Figure 1 is a plan view of the transmitting
`
`
`movement of the pen in the direction of the 75
`length of the line or above or below the line
`
`
`instrument. Fig. 2 is an irregular sectional
`
`
`
`imparts a corresponding movement to the rods
`
`ro elevation taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
`
`
`Fig. 3 is a similar view taken substantially on
`
`10 11 respectively. The rods 10 11 are con­
`
`
`nected to and control the two 1;esistances BC
`the line 3-3 of the same figure. Fig. 4 is a
`
`
`
`located in the two electric circuits b c before So
`
`
`section upon an enlarged scale taken on the
`
`referred to, in such manner that as the trans­
`line 4-4 of the same figure. Fig. 5 is an 011-
`15 larged vie"Y of a part of Fig: 1. Fig. 6 is a
`
`
`-mitting pen is moved from left.to right across
`
`similar view of a part of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a
`
`the sheet in forming the line of writing the
`
`section taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6. Fig.
`
`
`. resistance B will be gradually changed so as
`
`8 is a section taken on the line 8-8 of the
`
`
`
`to vary the strength of the current passing 85
`
`over the circuit b, while as the pen is moved
`
`same figure. Fig. 9 is a section taken on the
`
`above and below the line in forming the char­
`20 line 9-9 of the same figure. Fig. 10 is a plan
`
`
`
`acters the resistance C in the circuit c will be
`
`
`view of the receiving instrument; the case of
`
`
`the instrument being shown in section. Fig.
`
`
`changed to vary the current passing over that
`
`
`circuit. The connections between the pen 90
`
`
`
`11 is an irregular sectional elevation taken
`
`substantially on the line 11-11 of Fig. 10.
`
`
`and the resistances will preferably be so ar­
`
`
`ranged, as herein shown, that the resistance -
`
`25 Fig. 12 is a similar view taken on the line
`12-12 of the same figure. Fig. 13 is a simi­
`
`
`
`in the circuit b will be gradually increased
`
`lar view taken substantially on the line 13-13
`
`
`and the current correspondingly diminished
`as the pen moves from left to right and that 95
`
`of the same figur€1. Fig. 14 is a sectional de­
`
`
`the resistance in the circuit c will be gradually
`tail taken on the line 14-14 of the same fig-
`
`
`30 ure. Fig. 15 is a horizontal section taken on
`
`
`
`increased and the current diminished as the
`
`pen is moved to make the down strokes in
`
`the line 15-15 of Fig. 13. Fig. 16 is a view
`
`
`forming the characters, and vice versa. The
`
`
`of one of the receiving magnets with its ar­
`
`mature removed. Fig. 17 is a view of the ar­
`
`connections with one or both of the resist-
`100
`
`
`ances may, however, be reversed, if preferred,
`
`mature removed from the magnet; and Fig.
`
`
`
`35 18 is a diagram illustrating the electrical con­
`
`
`will not be a de­and such an arrangement
`
`
`parture from the invention. The form of the
`nections.
`
`
`connections between the transmitting pen
`
`
`Referring now particularly to Figs. 1 to 9
`
`
`and 18 the principal features of the transmit­
`
`and the resistances, and also the character
`105
`
`of the resistances, may be varied very widely
`
`
`ting instrument will be described: This in-
`
`
`40 strument consists, primarily, of the transmit­
`
`
`
`without departing from the essential features
`
`ting instrument proper which is moved by
`
`of ;the invention. The form of the connec­
`
`tions and the character of the resistairnes
`
`
`the operator to form the characters or other
`
`
`herein shown are, however, regarded as the I IO
`
`matter to be transmitted. This instrument
`
`best and are deemed sufficient for the pur-
`may be a simple handle or holder of conven-
`The two
`
`
`45 ient form to be grasped by the operator and
`
`pose of illustrating the invention.
`
`
`resistances and their connections are exact
`
`
`moved to describe the outlines of the charac­
`
`
`duplicates and a description of one will there-
`
`
`ters, but as it will usually be desirable to pre­
`
`serve a copy of the message, this instrument
`fore apply to both. The rods 10 11 at their n5
`
`
`ends opposite to the pen are connected by
`
`
`
`will commonly be a pencil or a fountain pen
`
`50 and it will therefore be herein termed the
`
`universal joints 13 (see Fig. 7) to a pair of
`
`
`sliding rods 14 which move in bearings 15 (see
`
`
`transmitting pen and.this term, wherever used
`
`
`Fig. 9) formed on standards 50 rising from a
`
`
`
`in a general sense, is to be understood as in­
`
`
`table D of insulating material which forms r 20
`
`
`
`cluding any writing instrument or a simple
`
`the top of the transmitting instrument.
`In
`
`handle suitable to be moved to form the out-
`
`
`t,he construction shown the bearings 15 are
`
`
`55 lines of the characters. The transmitting pen
`
`
`
`insulated from the standards as indicated in
`
`
`
`A is, intheorganization herein illustrated, con­
`nected to two rods 1011 which extend horizon­
`
`Figs. 5 and 9. Each of the rods 14 is provided
`
`with a cord or very flexible wire 16 which is 125
`
`
`tally at substantially right angles to each other
`
`
`attached to the opposite ends of the rod and
`
`
`and are hinged together, as indicated at 12.
`
`passes one or more times around a pulley 17
`
`
`60 In case the transmitting pen consists of a sim­
`
`mounted upon a shaft 18 supported in bear-
`
`ple handle and not a writinginstmment it may
`
`
`ings on standards 49 rising from the tableD.
`
`
`be rigidly connected to the rod 10, but where
`
`
`From this arrangement it results that when-130
`
`
`the transmitting pen is a writing instrument,
`
`ever the rods 14 are moved longitudinally in
`
`
`as illustrated in the present case, it will pref-
`
`their bearings the cords 16 impart a rotary
`
`65 erably be connected to the rod so as to be free
`
`
`movement to the pulleys 17 and their shafts.
`
`
`to vibrate in all directions to give the oper­
`
`
`
`ator facility in writing. The preferred form
`
`
`Each of the shafts 18 is also provided with a
`
`

`

`4
`
`494,562
`
`may be a pen or other writing instrument,
`
`second pulley 19 around which passes a cord
`
`
`or very flexible wire 20 which is attached at
`
`but which will for convenience be herein
`
`termed the receiving pen, and this term is to 70
`
`
`its opposite ends to a vertical rod 21 which
`
`
`be nnderstooil, wherever used in a general
`
`
`passes through an opening in the table D and
`
`
`
`sense, as including any form of writing in­
`
`
`5 enters a metal tube 48 suspended beneath the
`strument.
`table. These rods are guided in their verti­
`In the case shown the receiving
`cal movement by guides 22 and each is con­
`
`
`pen E is a fountain pen and is composed of a
`
`glass tube of very fine bore, arranged in a 75
`nected at its lower end to a small rod 23 of
`
`
`
`substantially horizontal position with its encl
`
`
`
`carbon, graphite or other substance of low
`
`bent downward to form a writing point 7.
`
`ro conductivity which enters and moves freely
`
`
`The opposite end of the pen is connected by
`
`
`in a body of mercury or othe.r fluid 24 of high
`
`a piece of flexible rubber tubing 26 with a
`
`
`conductivity contained in a glass tube 25 i11-
`siphon 27 the short arm of which enters an So
`
`se1'ted within the metal tube 48. 'l'hese de­
`
`
`vices constitute the two resistances B C be-
`
`ink well 47 located at the back of the instru­
`ment. The ink well and the pen are arranged
`
`
`r 5 fore referred to. One wire of the circuit bis
`
`
`connected to the mercury 24 of the resistance
`
`
`at such relative heights, for which purpose
`
`the ink well is provided with an adjusting
`
`B, while the other wire of the circuit is con­
`
`nected to the metal rod 21 carrying the graph-•
`screw 28, that the siphon 27 will act to keep 85
`
`ite rod 23. The two wires of the circuit c are
`
`
`the pen constantly supplied with ink. It is
`
`
`20 similarly connected to the mercury and the
`
`
`
`to be remarked in passing, however, that the
`
`
`graphite rod of the resistance C, all as indi­
`
`
`pen may communicate directly with the bot-
`
`cated in Fig. 18. The wires of the circuits b .
`
`tom of the ink well, as indicated by dotted
`
`c may be connected to the rods 23 and the
`lines in Fig. 12, so that the ink will flow di-90
`
`mercury 24 in any suitable manner but as
`
`
`rectly to the pen by gravity. The rear end
`25 herein shown the glass tubes 25 which contain
`
`of the pen is pivoted (see Fig. 14) to the end
`
`the mercury 24 are open at their lower ends
`
`of a lever 4G which extends from the oscillat-
`
`and rest upon and are connected to metal
`
`
`ing armature 45 of an electro-magnet G lo­
`
`cated in the circuit c. The rear end of the 95
`plugs 78 which screw into the tubes 48, thus•
`
`
`pen may be supported by a light spring, as
`
`
`
`forming metallic contact between the mer-
`30 cury and the tubes 48 so that one wire of
`
`67, which will 8erve to partly relieve the le-
`
`
`each circuit can be attached to the tubes 48,
`ver 46 of the weight of the pen. The armature
`as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 6, or to the plugs 78,
`
`45, is so arrangerl that as the energy of the
`
`
`as shown in Fig. 18. The other wires of the magnet is increased and diminished
`by the 100
`
`
`
`variations in the strength of the current pass-
`
`circuits are shown (see Figs. 2 and 3) as con-
`
`
`35 nected to the standards which support the
`
`
`ing over the circuit c (caused by the varia­
`
`
`tions in the resistance C), it will oscillate in
`
`guides 22 and thence by sections of slack
`wire to the upper ends of the rods 21. The
`
`accordance with the energy of the magnet,
`
`
`connections between the transmitting pen
`
`and through the lever 46 impart a correspond-
`105
`
`
`and the resistance B are so adjusted that
`
`ing movement to the pen E, which movement
`
`40 when the transmitting pen is moved to the
`
`will correspond to and be in unison with the
`
`
`extreme left of the sheet of paper, which will
`
`
`movements of the transmitting pen above and
`
`
`be its position at the commencement of the
`below or at right angles to the line of writing.
`
`line of writing, the rod 23 of that resistance
`
`
`At a point some distance in advance of that I ro
`
`
`will be largely immersed in the mercury,
`
`at which it is pivoted to the lever 46 the pen
`
`
`45 thereby leaving the minimum amount of re­
`
`E is connected by a cord or light rod 29 with
`
`sistance in the circuit b; but as the pen is
`
`
`a lever 44 which extends from the armature
`moved from left to right as the successive
`
`43 of a second magnet H located in the cir-
`
`cuit b. This magnet and its armature are of r 15
`
`
`characters are formed across the sheet, the
`
`rod 23 :will be more and more withdrawn from
`
`the same construction as the magnet G and
`
`
`50 the mercury thereby gradually increasing
`
`
`armature 45 and are arranged so that as the
`
`
`the resistance in the circuit and correspond­
`energy of the magnet is varied by the change
`
`
`ingly decreasing the strength of the current.
`
`
`in the resistance in the circuit b (due to the
`
`
`The connections between the pen and the re­
`
`movement of the transmitting pen in the di-120
`
`
`
`sistance Care so adjusted that when the pen
`
`rection of the length of the line) it will rock
`
`55 is moved to its extreme position above the
`the lever 44 so as to impart a movement to
`
`line, the rod 23 of that resistance will be in
`
`to the movement im­
`the pen E crosswise
`
`
`position to offer the minimum resistance in
`
`parted to the lever 46 and corresponding to
`
`the circuit c, but as the pen is moved down­
`
`
`the movement of the transmitting pen in the 125
`
`ward from that position, the rod 23 will be
`
`
`direction of the length of the line or across the
`
`60 more and more withdrawn from the mercury
`page.
`
`
`
`so as to gradually increase the resistance and
`The construction of the receiving magnets
`
`
`
`
`
`correspondingly diminish the current over
`
`G H and their armatures 45 43 is as follows:
`the circuit.
`
`
`The cores a of the magnets are attached to r 30
`
`Referring now to Figs. 10 to 18 the princi-
`brass pieces 79 and extend at one end consid­
`
`
`
`65 pal features of the receiving instrument will
`
`erably beyond the coils f. The armatures 45
`
`
`
`be described: This instrument consists, pri­
`
`
`43 consist of spools which are wound with
`
`
`of the recording inl:'trument which
`marily,
`coils g which are connected
`by short slack
`
`

`

`494,562
`
`5
`
`wires b c with the coils f of the magnets,
`as·
`raise the rod 36 and lift the point of the pen
`shown in
`Fig. 10, and are supported
`so as to
`out of contact
`with the paper. The
`bore of
`oscillate
`freely
`between
`the projecting
`ends
`the tube forming
`the pen
`is so fine that the 70
`of the cores a of the magnets.
`For this pur-
`ink will not flow
`from the point of the pen
`5 pose the two heads h of the spool of each ar­
`except at such times as the pen
`is in contact
`mature are connected
`by brass plates l (see.
`with the paper. From this it results
`that
`Fig. 17) which are supported
`on pivots
`i in
`whenever
`the point of the pen is raised
`from
`brackets
`42 rising
`from the base of the in­
`the paper, the line made by the pen will be 7 5
`strument
`so as to oscillate
`freelv
`in either dis
`broken.
`ro rection,
`the armatures
`being oscillated
`in one
`The transmitting
`instrument
`is provided
`direction
`by the energy of the magnets
`and
`with a circuit
`making and breaking
`appara-
`in. the reverse
`direction
`by springs
`30 con­
`tus located
`in the circuit
`c and under the con·
`nected to the opposite
`sides of pulleys
`31 lo­
`trol of the pen A and which operates,
`when-So
`cated upon the axes of the armatures.
`The
`ever the pen is raised slightly
`from its.writ-
`15 wires of which the springs
`30 are composed,
`ing position,
`to break the circuit.
`This ap­
`or cords attached
`to the springs,
`are extended
`paratus
`consists
`of a spring contact
`plate 37
`around pulleys
`32 located
`upon opposite
`sides
`which is connected
`to one of the wires of the
`of the armatures
`and are wound around small
`c and a pivoted
`lever 38 which is con-85
`circuit
`adjusting
`rods 33. By employing
`the two
`nected to the other wire, and is arranged
`to
`20 springs
`30 attached
`to the opposite
`sides of
`form contact
`with the plate 37 and thu� close
`the pulleys
`31 the tension
`of the springs
`is.
`the circuit.
`The lever is provided
`with an
`alm.ost entirely removed from
`the pivots of
`arm 6 which extends
`n pward through
`an open-
`the armatures, thus reducing the
`friction,and
`ing in the table D and terminates
`in a plate go
`by employing
`the single
`tightening
`rod 33 for
`or bar 51 which extends
`transversely
`beneath
`:25 the two springs
`they are simultaneously
`ad­
`the rod 11. The lever is provided
`with a
`justed
`to the necessary
`degree of tension.
`spring
`5 the tendency
`of which is to hold it
`The receiving
`instrument
`is provided with
`ont of contact
`with the ph1te 37 and thus keep
`cushions
`or back stops 41 against which
`the
`the circuit
`broken. The plate 51 is, however,
`95
`levers
`44 46 are drawn and held by the springs
`arranged
`at such a height that when the
`pen
`30 30 whenever
`the magnets
`are de-energized
`or
`is depressed
`to the writing
`position
`the rod
`their energy reduced
`to the minimum. The
`11 will press upon
`the plate and
`depress
`the
`pen E may also be provided
`with a spring
`40
`lever 38 into
`contact
`with the plate 37 so as
`as 100
`to close the
`circuit,
`and this will continue
`which will act in conjunction
`with the mag­
`net H inovercomi
`ngthetensionof the springs
`long as the pen is kept in the writing
`posi-
`35 30 and keep the cord 29 taut, but if a light
`tion. So long, therefore,
`as the transmitting
`rod is used in place of the cord 29 the spring.
`pen is maintained
`with its
`point on the paper
`40 may be omitted.
`or in the depressed
`position,
`the magnet I of-
`will remain ener-105
`the receiving
`It has been. already
`instrument
`stated
`that it is impor­
`tant that the receiving
`pen should be so un-
`gized and the point 7 of the receiving
`pen will
`40 der the control
`of the operator
`that when he
`remain on the paper. If at any time, how­
`desires
`to pause in the sending
`of the mes­
`ever, the operator
`should wish to go back on
`sage or to go back on the line for the purpose
`the line to make any conection
`or addition,
`be- r ro
`or if he desires
`to break the connection
`of making a correction
`or interlineation,
`or
`when he has completed
`one line and wishes
`tween successive
`words,
`_all that is necessary
`45 to move the transmitting
`pen back to the
`is to raise the transmitting
`pen sufficiently
`point to commence
`a new line, the receiving
`to allow the spring
`5 to carry the lever 3� out
`pen will make the corresponding
`movements
`of contact
`with the plate 37. This will cause
`the circuit
`c to be broken which will instantly
`1 r 5
`without
`making any mark on the paper. To.
`accomplish
`this when the receiving
`pen is of
`de-energize
`the magnet I and allow the lever
`35 to be rocked by the spring
`50 the character
`herein shown, it is only neces­
`39 so as to raise
`sary to provide
`means by which the operator
`the point of the receiving
`pen away from the
`paper. The receiving
`pen will then follow
`can, when he desires
`to make these movements,
`the movements
`of the transmitting
`pen with-120
`cause the receiving
`pen to be raised
`from the
`out making any mark upon the paper until
`• paper. 'l'o effect this the receiving
`instru-
`55 ment is provided
`with an electro-magnet
`I
`the transmitting
`pen is again lowered
`onto
`which is located
`in the circuit
`c and the ar­
`the paper. Since the magnet I is in the same
`mature 3-! of which is provided
`with a lever
`circuit
`wit.h the magnet Git is obvioµs
`that
`35 having a rod 36 which extends
`horizontally
`the latter
`magnet will als.o be de-energized
`125
`beneath
`the pen E in such position
`that when
`whenever
`the circuit
`is broken by the raising
`6:> the magnet is energized
`and its armature
`of the transmitting
`pen from the paper.
`drawn downward
`the lever 35 and rod 36 will
`From the foregoing
`it will be seen that all
`move downward
`so as to permit the point 7
`the movements
`required
`to bring the charac-
`of the pen to rest upon the paper. The lever
`ters in�o proper position,
`one after another,
`35 is also provided
`with an arm which is acted
`to form the words of a line, are made by the
`65 upon by a spring39
`in such manner that when­
`receiving'
`pen, the paper remaining
`stationary
`ever the magnet is not energized
`its armature
`during the writing
`of the line .. When, how­
`and the lever will be rocked upward so as to
`ever, the line has been completed
`it is neces-
`
`130
`
`

`

`6
`
`494,562
`
`cnit so as to impart at least the minimum
`
`sary that the paper should be shifted so as to
`
`energy to the magnet H the latter will rock
`
`bring a new portion into position to be written
`
`
`
`its armature and