`
`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`__________________________
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`__________________________
`
`
`MICROSOFT CORPORATION,
`HP INC., DELL INC., DELL TECHNOLOGIES INC.,
`ASUSTEK COMPUTER INC., ASUS GLOBAL PTE. LTD.,
`Petitioners
`v.
`LITL LLC,
`Patent Owner.
`
`
`___________________
`
`IPR2024-00457
`U.S. Patent No. 9,880,715
`_____________________
`
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW
`OF U.S. PATENT NO. 9,880,715
`
`
`
`
`
`Mail Stop PATENT BOARD
`Patent Trial and Appeal Board
`U.S. Patent & Trademark Office
`P.O. Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1 
`I. 
`II.  GROUNDS FOR STANDING .................................................................... 2 
`III.  STATEMENT OF PRECISE RELIEF REQUESTED FOR
`EACH CLAIM CHALLENGED................................................................. 2 
`’715 PATENT OVERVIEW ....................................................................... 4 
`IV. 
`A.  Specification .............................................................................................. 4 
`B.  Prosecution History ................................................................................... 7 
`C.  Prior Patent Office Proceedings ................................................................ 8 
`1. 
`IPR2021-00786 .................................................................................... 8 
`2.  Ex Parte Reexamination 90/014,958 ................................................. 10 
`V.  DISCRETIONARY DENIAL WOULD BE INAPPROPRIATE
`HERE ......................................................................................................... 11 
`A.  Status of Prior and Co-Pending Litigation .............................................. 11 
`B.  General Plastic ........................................................................................ 12 
`C.  Fintiv ....................................................................................................... 14 
`D.  Section 325(d) ......................................................................................... 14 
`VI.  LEVEL OF ORDINARY SKILL .............................................................. 15 
`VII.  CLAIM CONSTRUCTION ...................................................................... 15 
`A.  “plurality of views” ................................................................................. 16 
`B.  Means-Plus-Function (“MPF”) ............................................................... 16 
`1. 
`“display component” .......................................................................... 17 
`“execution component” ...................................................................... 17 
`2. 
`3. 
`“storage component” .......................................................................... 20 
`VIII.  DETAILED EXPLANATION OF GROUNDS ........................................ 20 
`A.  Ground 1: Obviousness over Pröll and Martinez (Claims 1, 19,
`20) ............................................................................................................ 20 
`1.  Pröll .................................................................................................... 20 
`
`- i -
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
`
`Page
`2.  Martinez ............................................................................................. 22 
`3.  Claim 1 ............................................................................................... 25 
`a. 
`1[pre] ............................................................................................. 25 
`b.  1[a] ................................................................................................ 26 
`c. 
`1[b] ................................................................................................ 26 
`d.  1[c] ................................................................................................ 27 
`e. 
`1[d] ................................................................................................ 30 
`f. 
`1[e] ................................................................................................ 30 
`g.  1[f]................................................................................................. 34 
`4.  Claim 19 ............................................................................................. 35 
`5.  Claim 20 ............................................................................................. 37 
`a. 
`20[pre] ........................................................................................... 37 
`b.  20[a] .............................................................................................. 37 
`c. 
`20[b] .............................................................................................. 37 
`d.  20[c] .............................................................................................. 37 
`e. 
`20[d] .............................................................................................. 38 
`f. 
`20[e] .............................................................................................. 38 
`g.  20[f]............................................................................................... 38 
`B.  Ground 2: Obviousness over Pröll, Martinez, and Chandhri
`(Claims 2, 15-18) .................................................................................... 38 
`1.  Chandhri ............................................................................................. 38 
`2.  Claim 2 ............................................................................................... 39 
`3.  Claim 15 ............................................................................................. 42 
`
`- ii -
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
`
`Page
`4.  Claim 16 ............................................................................................. 44 
`5.  Claim 17 ............................................................................................. 45 
`a. 
`17[pre] ........................................................................................... 45 
`b.  17[a] .............................................................................................. 45 
`c. 
`17[b] .............................................................................................. 45 
`d.  17[c] .............................................................................................. 45 
`e. 
`17[d] .............................................................................................. 46 
`f. 
`17[e] .............................................................................................. 46 
`g.  17[f]............................................................................................... 47 
`h.  17[g] .............................................................................................. 47 
`6.  Claim 18 ............................................................................................. 47 
`C.  Ground 3: Obviousness over Pröll, Martinez, and Preppernau
`(Claims 3-14) .......................................................................................... 47 
`1.  Preppernau ......................................................................................... 47 
`2.  Claim 3 ............................................................................................... 48 
`3.  Claim 4 ............................................................................................... 49 
`4.  Claim 5 ............................................................................................... 52 
`5.  Claim 6 ............................................................................................... 53 
`a. 
`6[a] ................................................................................................ 53 
`b.  6[b] ................................................................................................ 54 
`6.  Claim 7 ............................................................................................... 56 
`7.  Claim 8 ............................................................................................... 57 
`8.  Claim 9 ............................................................................................... 60 
`9.  Claim 10 ............................................................................................. 61 
`
`- iii -
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
`
`Page
`10[a] .............................................................................................. 61 
`a. 
`b.  10[b] .............................................................................................. 63 
`10.  Claim 11 ............................................................................................. 64 
`11.  Claim 12 ............................................................................................. 67 
`a. 
`12[a] .............................................................................................. 67 
`b.  12[b] .............................................................................................. 70 
`12.  Claim 13 ............................................................................................. 72 
`a. 
`13[a] .............................................................................................. 72 
`b.  13[b] .............................................................................................. 73 
`c. 
`13[c] .............................................................................................. 75 
`13.  Claim 14 ............................................................................................. 76 
`D.  Ground 4: Obviousness over Pröll and Preppernau (Claims 1,
`3-14, 19, 20) ............................................................................................ 76 
`1.  Motivation to Combine ...................................................................... 76 
`2.  Claim 1 ............................................................................................... 78 
`a. 
`1[pre] ............................................................................................. 78 
`b.  1[a] ................................................................................................ 78 
`c. 
`1[b] ................................................................................................ 78 
`d.  1[c] ................................................................................................ 78 
`e. 
`1[d] ................................................................................................ 82 
`f. 
`1[e] ................................................................................................ 82 
`g.  1[f]................................................................................................. 82 
`3.  Claim 3 ............................................................................................... 84 
`
`- iv -
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
`
`Page
`4.  Claim 4 ............................................................................................... 84 
`5.  Claim 5 ............................................................................................... 84 
`6.  Claim 6 ............................................................................................... 85 
`a. 
`6[a] ................................................................................................ 85 
`b.  6[b] ................................................................................................ 85 
`7.  Claim 7 ............................................................................................... 85 
`8.  Claim 8 ............................................................................................... 86 
`9.  Claim 9 ............................................................................................... 86 
`10.  Claim 10 ............................................................................................. 86 
`a. 
`10[a] .............................................................................................. 86 
`b.  10[b] .............................................................................................. 87 
`11.  Claim 11 ............................................................................................. 87 
`12.  Claim 12 ............................................................................................. 87 
`a. 
`12[a] .............................................................................................. 87 
`b.  12[b] .............................................................................................. 87 
`13.  Claim 13 ............................................................................................. 88 
`a. 
`13[a] .............................................................................................. 88 
`b.  13[b] .............................................................................................. 89 
`c. 
`13[c] .............................................................................................. 89 
`14.  Claim 14 ............................................................................................. 89 
`15.  Claim 19 ............................................................................................. 90 
`16.  Claim 20 ............................................................................................. 90 
`a. 
`20[pre] ........................................................................................... 90 
`b.  20[a] .............................................................................................. 90 
`
`- v -
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
`
`Page
`20[b] .............................................................................................. 90 
`c. 
`d.  20[c] .............................................................................................. 90 
`e. 
`20[d] .............................................................................................. 90 
`f. 
`20[e] .............................................................................................. 90 
`g.  20[f]............................................................................................... 91 
`E.  Ground 5: Obviousness over Pröll, Preppernau, and Chandhri
`(Claims 2, 15-18) .................................................................................... 91 
`1.  Claim 2 ............................................................................................... 91 
`2.  Claim 15 ............................................................................................. 91 
`3.  Claim 16 ............................................................................................. 92 
`4.  Claim 17 ............................................................................................. 92 
`a. 
`17[pre] ........................................................................................... 92 
`b.  17[a] .............................................................................................. 92 
`c. 
`17[b] .............................................................................................. 92 
`d.  17[c] .............................................................................................. 92 
`e. 
`17[d] .............................................................................................. 92 
`f. 
`17[e] .............................................................................................. 93 
`g.  17[f]............................................................................................... 93 
`h.  17[g] .............................................................................................. 93 
`5.  Claim 18 ............................................................................................. 93 
`IX.  CONCLUSION .......................................................................................... 93 
`X.  MANDATORY NOTICES ....................................................................... 93 
`A.  Real Party in Interest ............................................................................... 93 
`
`- vi -
`
`

`

`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`(continued)
`
`Page
`B.  Related Matters ....................................................................................... 93 
`C.  Notice of Counsel and Service Information ............................................ 94 
`
`- vii -
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`EXHIBIT LIST
`
`
`
`Exhibit
`1001
`1002
`1003
`
`1004
`1005
`1006
`
`1007
`1008
`
`1009
`1010
`1011
`
`1012
`1013
`1014
`1015
`1016
`
`1017
`
`1018
`
`1019
`
`Reference
`U.S. Patent No. 9,880,715 (“the ’715 patent”)
`File History of the ’715 patent
`Declaration of Dr. Henry Houh in Support of Petition (“Houh
`Decl.”)
`Dr. Henry Houh CV
`U.S. 90/014,958 Ex Parte Reexamination File History
`German Patent Application Publication DE10331185A1
`(“Pröll”) with certified translation
`U.S. Patent 6,137,468 (“Martinez”)
`Joan Preppernau & Joyce Cox, Step By Step Windows Vista,
`Microsoft Press (Jan. 3, 2007) (“Preppernau”)
`U.S. Patent 5,847,698 (“Reavey”)
`RESERVED
`U.S. Patent Application Publication 2008/0062141 A1
`(“Chandhri”)
`RESERVED
`RESERVED
`RESERVED
`Declaration of June Munford
`Complaint, LiTL LLC v. ASUSTeK Computer Inc., No. 23-cv-
`00122 (D. Del. Feb. 1, 2023)
`Complaint, LiTL LLC v. Dell Techs. Inc., No. 23-cv-0121 (D.
`Del. Feb. 1, 2023)
`Complaint, LiTL LLC v. HP Inc., No. 23-cv-00120 (D. Del.
`Feb. 1, 2023)
`Order Granting Microsoft Intervention, LiTL LLC v. HP Inc.,
`No. 23-cv-00120 (D. Del. Oct. 16, 2023)
`
`- viii -
`
`

`

`
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`Exhibit
`1020
`
`1021
`
`1022
`
`Reference
`Scheduling Order, LiTL LLC v. HP Inc., No. 23-120 (D. Del.
`Jan. 11, 2024), ECF No. 44
`Foley, James D., et al., Computer Graphics Principles and
`Practice, Second Edition in C (July 1997)
`Dino Esposito, New Graphical Interface: Enhance Your
`Programs with New Windows XP Shell Features, MSDN
`Magazine
`1023 Maintenance & Service Guide, HP Pavilion dv1600
`Entertainment Notebook PC (June 2006)
`Complaint, LiTL LLC v. Lenovo (United States), Inc., No. 20-
`cv-00689 (D. Del. May 22, 2020)
`Stipulation of Dismissal, LiTL LLC v. Lenovo (United States)
`Inc., No. 20-cv-00689 (D. Del. Feb. 3, 2023)
`RESERVED
`Dan Littman, Fujitsu LifeBook T3000 Tablet PC review, CNET
`(Oct. 12, 2003)
`Stephanie Bruzese, HP Compaq Tablet PC TC1100 review,
`CNET (Oct. 12, 2003)
`Brian Nadel, Acer TravelMate C110 review, CNET (July 9,
`2003)
`1030 Mark Harris, OLPC XO-1 (One Laptop Per Child) review,
`CNET (Jan. 7, 2008)
`Ltr. From Lenovo Counsel to Microsoft Counsel re
`Indemnification
`RESERVED
`RESERVED
`RESERVED
`Q&A: Microsoft Unveils Details for Ultra-Mobile Personal
`Computers, Microsoft News (Mar. 9, 2006)
`AU Patent Application Publication 2001/100022 A4
`(“Adamson”)
`
`1024
`
`1025
`
`1026
`1027
`
`1028
`
`1029
`
`1031
`
`1032
`1033
`1034
`1035
`
`1036
`
`- ix -
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`1037
`1038
`
`RESERVED
`RESERVED
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`- x -
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`LISTING OF CHALLENGED CLAIMS:
`
`Reference
`
`Claim Limitation
`
`Claim 1
`
`1[pre]
`
`A customized user interface to display computer content on a
`display component of a computer system including a keyboard, the
`user interface comprising:
`
`1[a]
`
`1[b]
`
`1[c]
`
`1[d]
`
`1[e]
`
`1[f]
`
`at least one processor operatively connected to a memory of the
`computer system;
`
`a graphical user interface, executing on the at least one processor,
`configured to display the computer content on the display
`component of the computer system, the graphical user interface
`configured to:
`
`display a plurality of views of a plurality of visual representations of
`computer content, wherein the computer content includes at least
`one of selectable digital content, selectable computer operations and
`passive digital content;
`
`an execution component, executing on the at least one processor,
`configured to:
`
`detect a current computer system configuration from at least a first
`computer system configuration where the keyboard is operable to
`receive input from an operator of the computer system to control the
`computer system and a second computer system configuration
`where the keyboard is inoperable to receive input from the operator
`of the computer system to control the computer system;
`
`select one of the plurality of views for display on the computer
`system in response to the detected current computer system
`configuration; and transition the display component to the selected
`one of the plurality of views.
`
`- xi -
`
`

`

`
`
`Reference
`
`Claim Limitation
`
`Claim 2
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`5
`
`The user interface of claim 1, wherein in the plurality of views
`includes a home view configured to organize a plurality of content
`modes and a channel view configured to organize at least one of a
`single content mode and two content modes.
`
`Claim 3
`
`The user interface of claim 1, wherein the plurality of views
`includes a screen saver view configured to organize selected content
`modes for passive viewing.
`
`Claim 4
`
`The user interface of claim 1, wherein the plurality of views
`includes a home view organizing a plurality of visual
`representations of digital content, wherein the home view comprises
`a header display and a body display, and wherein the header display
`comprises a lateral frame extending from the left of the display
`component to the right of the display component, wherein the body
`display is rendered below the header display in the display
`component of the computer system.
`
`Claim 5
`
`The user interface of claim 4, wherein the computer system
`configuration comprises a physical positioning of a computer system
`display relative to a base of the computer system that includes the
`keyboard about a longitudinal axis of rotation.
`
`Claim 6
`
`6[a]
`
`The user interface of claim 4, wherein the graphical user interface is
`further configured to display a search tool displayed in the header
`display, wherein the search tool is configured to accept search terms
`entered by a user and
`
`- xii -
`
`

`

`
`
`Reference
`
`6[b]
`
`7
`
`8
`
`91
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`Claim Limitation
`
`in response to execution, causes the computer system to navigate to
`a view of a first visual representation of digital content, wherein the
`digital content includes a search engine, and the search engine
`presents results for the search terms.
`
`Claim 7
`
`The user interface of claim 1, further comprising a storage
`component configured to retain a previous view state.
`
`Claim 8
`
`The user interface of claim 7, wherein the execution component is
`further configured to cause the computer system to transition to a
`previous view in response to execution of a navigation element by a
`user.
`
`Claim 9
`
`The user interface of claim 7, further comprising the navigation
`element displayed in a header display.
`
`Claim 10
`
`10[a]
`
`The user interface of claim 4, wherein the body display comprises
`an organization of the plurality of visual representations of computer
`content rendered on the computer display, and
`
`
`1 Petitioner notes “the navigation element” lacks antecedent basis because claim 9
`
`depends from claim 7 (which depends from claim 1), and neither claim 1 nor 7
`
`recites “a navigation element.” Instead, that term appears in claim 8.
`
`- xiii -
`
`

`

`
`
`Reference
`
`10[b]
`
`11
`
`12[a]
`
`12[b]
`
`13[a]
`
`13[b]
`
`13[c]
`
`14
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`Claim Limitation
`
`the home view further comprises display pages in response to a
`display threshold establishing a maximal number of visual
`representations displayed per display page.
`
`Claim 11
`
`The user interface of claim 10, wherein the home view further
`comprises an indication of visual representations displayed on
`adjacent display pages of the home view, wherein the indication is
`displayed within the body of the home view.
`
`Claim 12
`
`The user interface of claim 4, wherein the graphical user interface is
`further configured to display a nascent card in the home view,
`
`wherein the nascent card is configured to permit generation of
`additional visual representations of digital content.
`
`Claim 13
`
`The user interface of claim 12, wherein the execution component is
`further configured to execute a process for creating a visual
`representation in response to execution of the nascent card, wherein
`the process for creating a visual representation includes acts of:
`
`transitioning to a quick access view;
`
`generating a mapping to online digital content; executing the
`mapping; and displaying a first view of the mapped digital content.
`
`Claim 14
`
`The user interface of claim 1, wherein the plurality of views
`includes a quick access view configured to permit user generation of
`a mapping between digital content and a visual representation.
`
`- xiv -
`
`

`

`
`
`Reference
`
`15
`
`16
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`Claim Limitation
`
`Claim 15
`
`The user interface of claim 1, wherein the plurality of views
`includes a channel view including a channel selector that displays a
`sequence of visual representations.
`
`Claim 16
`
`The user interface of claim 15, wherein the execution component is
`further configured to transition the computer system to the channel
`view in response to receiving user input via at least one input device
`integral to or operatively connected with the computer system.
`
`Claim 17
`
`17[pre]
`
`A customized user interface to display computer content on a
`display component of a computer system including a keyboard, the
`user interface comprising:
`
`17[a]
`
`17[b]
`
`17[c]
`
`17[d]
`
`at least one processor operatively coupled to a memory of the
`computer system;
`
`a graphical user interface, executing on at least one processor,
`configured to display a plurality of views of a plurality of visual
`representations of the computer content;
`
`an execution component, executing on the at least one processor,
`configured to:
`
`identify at least a first computer system configuration where the
`keyboard is operable to receive input from an operator of the
`computer system to control the computer system and a second
`computer system configuration where the keyboard is inoperable to
`receive input from the operator of the computer system to control
`the computer system based on sensor input indicating a position of
`the display component;
`
`- xv -
`
`

`

`
`
`Reference
`
`17[e]
`
`17[f]
`
`17[g]
`
`18
`
`19
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`Claim Limitation
`
`select, responsive to the sensor input, a first content view from the
`plurality of views for the first computer system configuration;
`transition, automatically in response to the sensor input, the display
`component between at least the first content view of the plurality of
`views and a second content view of the plurality of views;
`
`receive user input via at least one input device integral to or
`operatively connected with the computer system; and
`
`transition, automatically in response to receiving the user input, the
`display component from one of the first content view and the second
`content view to a channel view including a channel selector that
`displays a sequence of visual representations.
`
`Claim 18
`
`The user interface of claim 17, wherein the at least one input device
`includes at least one of a scroll wheel, a touchpad, and a mouse.
`
`Claim 19
`
`The user interface of claim 1, wherein the first mode is a laptop
`mode where the keyboard is oriented to be accessible to the operator
`and wherein the second mode is an easel mode or a frame mode
`where the keyboard is oriented to be inaccessible to the operator.
`
`Claim 20
`
`20[pre]
`
`20[a]
`
`20[b]
`
`A customized user interface to display computer content on a
`display component of a computer system including a keyboard, the
`user interface comprising:
`
`at least one processor operatively connected to a memory of the
`computer system;
`
`a graphical user interface, executing on the at least one processor,
`configured to display the computer content on the display
`
`- xvi -
`
`

`

`
`
`Reference
`
`Claim Limitation
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`component of the computer system, the graphical user interface
`configured to:
`
`display a plurality of views of a plurality of visual representations of
`computer content, wherein the computer content includes at least
`one of selectable digital content, selectable computer operations and
`passive digital content;
`
`an execution component, executing on the at least one processor,
`configured to:
`
`detect a current computer system configuration from at least a first
`computer system configuration where the keyboard is positioned to
`receive input from an operator of the computer system and a second
`computer system configuration where the keyboard is not positioned
`to receive input from the operator of the computer system;
`
`select one of the plurality of views for display on the computer
`system in response to the detected current computer system
`configuration; and transition the display component to the selected
`one of the plurality of views.
`
`20[c]
`
`20[d]
`
`20[e]
`
`20[f]
`
`
`
`
`
`- xvii -
`
`

`

`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`Microsoft Corporation (“Microsoft”); HP Inc. (“HP”); Dell Inc. and Dell
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`Technologies Inc. (collectively, “Dell”); and ASUSTeK Computer Inc. and Asus
`
`Global Pte. Ltd. (collectively, “ASUS”) (all of which are collectively referred to
`
`herein as “Petitioners”) request inter partes review (“IPR”) of claims 1-20
`
`(“Challenged Claims”) of U.S. Patent 9,880,715 (“the ’715 patent”; EX-1001).
`
`In May 2020, LiTL LLC (“PO”) sued Lenovo (United States) Inc. and
`
`Lenovo (Beijing) Ltd. (collectively, “Lenovo”) in district court. At that time, PO
`
`did not sue any of the Petitioners. Thus, Lenovo alone previously challenged
`
`the ’715 patent in both an IPR and an ex parte reexamination (“EPR”) but made
`
`significant errors in doing so. Notably, Lenovo failed to prove unpatentability in
`
`both its IPR and EPR based on a limitation (“plurality of views”) that the Examiner
`
`found in original prosecution was taught by the prior art.
`
`Having prevailed in Lenovo’s flawed IPR and EPR, PO began a new litigation
`
`campaign, suing HP, Dell, and ASUSTek (but not Microsoft) on February 1, 2023.
`
`This time, however, PO explicitly identified Windows functionality as a basis for its
`
`infringement allegations for certain patents including the ’715 patent, and so
`
`Microsoft intervened in those district court suits in October 2023. Petitioners have
`
`filed this Petition (their first) within four months of Microsoft’s intervention and
`
`before PO has filed any infringement contentions in district court. Importantly, this
`
`- 1 -
`
`

`

`
`Petition shows that all claims of the ’715 patent are unpatentable as obvious,
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`including the “plurality of views” limitation (consistent with the Examiner’s finding
`
`during original prosecution that this limitation was known) and the keyboard
`
`operability/inoperability limitations (which appear to have resulted in allowance in
`
`original prosecution).2
`
`II. GROUNDS FOR STANDING
`Petitioners certify the ’715 patent is available for IPR, and Petitioners are not
`
`barred or estopped from requesting IPR on the grounds herein. Petitioners file this
`
`Petition within one year of service on HP, Dell, and ASUS of PO’s district court
`
`complaints (see EX-1016, 1017, 1018), and Microsoft has never been served with a
`
`complaint.
`
`III. STATEMENT OF PRECISE RELIEF REQUESTED FOR EACH
`CLAIM CHALLENGED
`Petitioners respectfully request review and cancellation under 35 U.S.C.
`
`§311 of the Challenged Claims in view of:
`
`
`2 Petitioner submits the declaration of Henry Houh (Ex. 1003), an expert in the
`
`field of the ’715 Patent. See Houh Decl., ¶40 (summary of opinions), ¶¶1-19
`
`(background and qualifications), ¶23 (materials considered).
`
`- 2 -
`
`

`

`
`
`Prior Art
`
`U.S. Patent 9,880,715
`IPR2024-00457
`
`Pröll (Germany Patent Application Publication DE10331185A1), filed on
`October 7, 2003, published on March 2, 2005, and qualifies as prior art under at
`least 35 U.S.C. § 102(b))3 (EX-1006)4
`Martinez (U.S. Patent 6,137,468), filed on October 15, 1996, issued on October
`24, 2000; prior art under at least 35 U.S.C. §102(b) (EX-1007)
`Chandhri (U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0062141), filed on June
`22, 2007, published on March 13, 2008; prior art under at least 35 U.S.C.
`§102(a), (e) (EX-1011)
`Preppernau, Windows Vista Step by Step, 2007; prior art under at