` ?
`
`INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
`
`ITU-T
`
`TELECOMMUNICATION
`STANDARDIZATION SECTOR
`OF ITU
`
`H.263
`
`(02/98)
`
`SERIES H: AUDIOVISUAL AND MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS
`
`Infrastructure of audiovisual services — Coding of moving
`video
`
`Video codingfor low bit rate communication
`
`ITU-T Recommendation H.263
`
`(Previously CCITT Recommendation)
`
`1
`
`SAMSUNG-1036
`
`1
`
`SAMSUNG-1036
`
`

`

`ITU-T H-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS
`
`AUDIOVISUAL AND MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS
`
`Characteristics of transmission channels used for other than telephone purposes
`Use of telephone-type circuits for voice-frequency telegraphy
`Telephonecircuits or cables used for various types of telegraph transmission or
`simultaneous transmission
`
`H.300-H.399
`
`Transmission multiplexing and synchronization
`Systems aspects
`Communication procedures
`Coding of moving video
`Related systems aspects
`Systems and terminal equipmentfor audiovisual services
`
`Telephone-type circuits used for facsimile telegraphy
`Characteristics of data signals
`CHARACTERISTICS OF VISUAL TELEPHONE SYSTEMS
`
`INFRASTRUCTURE OF AUDIOVISUAL SERVICES
`
`General
`
`Forfurther details, please refer to ITU-T List ofRecommendations.
`
`H.10-H.19
`H.20-H.29
`H.30-H.39
`
`H.40-H.49
`H.50-H.99
`H.100-H.199
`
`H.200-H.219
`
`H.220-H.229
`H.230-H.239
`H.240-H.259
`H.260-H.279
`H.280-H.299
`
`2
`
`

`

`ITU-T RECOMMENDATION H.263
`
`VIDEO CODING FOR LOW BIT RATE COMMUNICATION
`
`Summary
`
`This Recommendation specifies a coded representation that can be used for compressing the moving
`picture component of audio-visual services at low bit rates. The basic configuration of the video
`source coding algorithm is based on Recommendation H.261 and is a hybrid of inter-picture
`prediction to utilize temporal redundancy and transform coding of the remaining signal to reduce
`spatial redundancy. The source coder can operate on five standardized video source formats:
`sub-QCIF, QCIF, CIF, 4CIF and 16CIF, and can also operate using a broad range of custom video
`formats.
`
`The decoder has motion compensation capability, allowing optional incorporation of this technique
`in the coder. Half pixel precision is used for
`the motion compensation, as opposed to
`Recommendation H.261 where full pixel precision and a loopfilter are used. Variable length coding
`is used for the symbols to be transmitted.
`
`In addition to the basic video source coding algorithm, sixteen negotiable coding options are
`included for
`improved compression performance and the support of additional capabilities.
`Additional supplemental information may also be included in the bitstream for enhanced display
`capability and for external usage.
`
`Source
`
`ITU-T Recommendation H.263 was revised by ITU-T Study Group 16 (1997-2000) and was
`approved under the WTSCResolution No. 1 procedure on the 6th of February 1998.
`
`3
`
`

`

`FOREWORD
`
`ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of
`telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of
`the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing
`Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis.
`
`The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years,
`establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations
`on these topics.
`
`The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid downin
`WTSCResolution No. 1.
`
`In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T’s purview, the necessary standards are
`prepared onacollaborative basis with ISO and IEC.
`
`the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a
`In this Recommendation,
`telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency.
`
`NOTE
`
`INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
`
`The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may
`involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence,
`validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others
`outside of the Recommendation developmentprocess.
`
`As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had received notice of intellectual property,
`protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are
`cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the
`TSB patent database.
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced orutilized in any form or by any means,
`electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU.
`
`© ITU 1998
`
`il
`
`Recommendation H.263
`
`(02/98)
`
`4
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`4
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`

`CONTENTS
`
`SCODG cersperauessreeraeeseeeeRUE
`
`RETCRETICES wccorsensesvessareercerrsemesarenzecuvenereoerennnouieseseerecriaviemennerenmeaveniemeererectiemeesrer
`
`Brel SpeciCatOilicascwscermnrcenscccsnnmnnnacennainenananentencnatcmesttn
`
`MIdeOaNPULANT OUDWE sscnscesemsncnmacrantamncmETT RET
`
`Digital Output aiid MPU ssascicmmemsncnmacranammERTRTATE RT
`
`Sampling frequency..........cceeesececssecseceeseeseecececeneeeseceecesaeceneeeeeeeneseaeseeneesaeenneeeseeeters
`
`Source coding algorithm ..............cccecccceesceeeseceesecceseeecescecessecceeceeceeseseesesneeeseneeeseness
`3.4.1
`Continuous Presence Multipoint and Video Multiplex mode.......................
`
`3.4.2 Unrestricted Motion Vector mode «0.00... cceeccesseceneeeeeceeneeeaeeeeeeeeenneenseeeatens
`
`3.4.3
`
`Syntax-based Arithmetic Coding mode...............cccccceecceeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeneeeeenees
`
`3.4.4 Advanced Prediction Mode 00... cecceeceeseceeecesseceeeeeeeeneeeeaeceeeeaeenneenseeeters
`
`3.4.5
`
` PB-frames Mode... ceceeeceeseesseeesceeenceesecencesaeceneeeaeeceneseaeseeneeaeeeneeeneeeters
`
`3.4.6
`
`Forward Error Correction.........cceccesssceeceeeecennceececeneeeeeeeneeeaeeeeeeeaeenneenseeeaters
`
`3.4.7 Advanced INTRA Coding mode..............ccccccecesccceseeeceesceeeeeeceseeeesseeesseeeeenees
`
`3.4.8 Deblocking Filter mode..............ecccccccceeeecceesceceececesseeeeeceeceecesnecesseeeseneeeseness
`3.4.9
`Slice Structured Mode... ee eececeesseceneeeeeceeeceeeeceneeeeeeeneeeaeseeeeaeeeneeneeeeters
`
`3.4.10 Supplemental enhancementinformation. ................::ccccceeeeceeeeeeeeeeseeteteeeeeeees
`3.4.11
`Improved PB-frames mode...............::ccecccceesceeeececeeeeeeeeeceeseeceseecesneeesenseesenees
`
`3.4.12 Reference Picture Selection MOde ..........ecceecceeseceneeeseeeeneeeseeeeeeeeenneenaeeetens
`
`3.4.13. Temporal, SNR and Spatial Scalability mode.............0...cecceeseeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeees
`
`3.4.14 Reference Picture Resampling mode................::cceceecceeeceeeeeeceseeceeeeeeeeneeeeenees
`3.4.15 Reduced-Resolution Update mode..............2:cccecccceeeeceeeeceeeeeeeeseeeeseseeseneeeesnees
`
`3.4.16 Independent Segment Decoding mode.............2...ccccceeecceeeeceeeeceeeeeseeeeteeeeeeees
`3.4.17 Alternative INTER VLC mode oun... cee eeceecceeseceneeeeeeeeneeeaeeeeeesaeenneenseeenters
`
`3.4.18 Modified Quantization Mode ..0...... cccceeceeseceeceeseceeeeeeeeeneeeaeeeeeesaeenneenseeetens
`
`Bit Tate oo... ee ceseceeecessecseceeseceseesseecseecnncesaeeseeesueceneeeaecsecesaeceneeeaeeeeneseaeseeeeenaeenneeeeeerers
`
`Buffering ........eeecceescecesceeeecceeeseeecccecsnecsesaeeesaeeessneceneesesaesesaeeeseaeesseesesaeeeseeeesssseeseness
`
`Symmetry of transmission. ..............:cecccceeeceeeseceeeeeceeeeeecescecesseceneceecececeseecesneeesenseeseness
`
`Error handling............cc.cccesccceeceeeeeececeececeesaeceseeeensneceaeesesaeceseecsnaeesseesesaeeeseeeesenseeseness
`
`Multipoint Operation............:ceccccceececeeeeceesceeeeeeeeneeceneeecesaeceseccsseeessceseseeeseeeessnseeseness
`
`SOUrCE COMET... eeescececceeescceeeseeecececeeneceesaeeesaeeesseeceneesesaecesseecesaeesceesesaecesneeesenseeseness
`
`Source format ...........ccccceeeeccceeseeeeeececeeneceesaeeesaeeeseeceeeesesaesesaeeesnaeeeseesesesesneeeeenseeseness
`
`Video source coding algorithy ................cecccceescceeeceeeeeeeceeneeeseaeeeeaeeesenecessaeesseeeesnneeess
`
`4.2.1
`
`GOBs,slices, macroblocks and bIOCKS ........... eee eeecceceeeeeenneeeeeeeeeceeensnneeeees
`
`A.2.2
`
`Prediction 22.20... ..ecccceccceececceesceeeeeceeeeeeceeseceeaeeesseccesnecesaeeceaeeesenecessaeessneeeseneeess
`
`oud
`
`SZ
`
`3.3
`
`3.4
`
`3.5
`
`3.6
`
`3.7
`
`3.8
`
`3.9
`
`4.1
`
`4.2
`
`PageewoOo4+)ADDnnwnrwnrwuwne&&fffFF&FPWWwWWwWwWwhNNHHYNY—
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`4.2.3 Motion compensation.............cccccccscccceescceseceeeeeeeeseneeeceaeeceaeeesenecessaeeeesseesnneeess
`ADEA: QUANTAaees goer cere creecece err e enercomer penareeresvoreceresrercuanssncennat
`
`GOCE CONG eseeereves creer eee reresescesres secaereseater pia aon eerearenceu ranceaete
`
`BOTCEQ UDGAD eccsnscccrnsexvesseveeerencesoe ast BREETECTURETESTA TT ATTRA
`
`Byte ahoniment OF Start COWES ves ccansanccnncarenr ante ATA ATR TNT
`
`SYVNAXANC SENIANNCS ees sssnsesemen cr aTRERRRTATRTTT
`
`Picture layer...
`
`5.1.1
`5.1.2
`
`wa
`
`Ea ea TRARAU TATETETSADT TRTTTTATTET IT TGV OORT
`
`cesseeeeseceeseeecesseeetseeeeeesees
`Picture Start Codefe(PSC)(22bits)...
`Temporal Reference (TR)(8 bits)oscocoomesesntneeennenne
`
`5.1.3.
`
`5.1.4
`5.1.5
`
`Type Information (PTYPE)(Variable Length)......0....00...ccececeeeeseeeeeteeeeees
`
`Plus PTYPE (PLUSPTYPE)(Variable Length) 0.0.0.0... .ceceeseeseeeeeeeeneeenees
`Custom Picture Format (CPFMT)(23 bits) ............c.ecsceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenees
`
`Extended Pixel Aspect Ratio (EPAR)(16 bits) «0.0.00... eee eeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeees
`5.1.6
`5.1.7 Custom Picture Clock Frequency Code (CPCFC)(8 bits)...............::::ee
`
`5.1.8
`
`Extended Temporal Reference (ETR)(2 bits) ...
`
`5.1.9 Unlimited Unrestricted Motion Vectors Indicatorsr(UU1) (Variablelength),
`
`cestteeees
`
`5.1.10 Slice Structured Submodebits (SSS) (2 bits) 2.0.2.2...eeeceeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeteeeeeeeeees
`5.1.11 Enhancement Layer Number (ELNUM)(4 bits)....00...00..ec eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees
`
`5.1.12 Reference Layer Number (RLNUM)(4 bits)....0....00.eecceeeeceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees
`5.1.13 Reference Picture Selection Mode Flags (RPSMF)(3 bits) ..............:::::00+
`
`5.1.14 Temporal Reference for Prediction Indication (TRPI)(1 bit)......0...00000....
`5.1.15 Temporal Reference for Prediction (TRP) (10 bits)....0.........e.e:ceeeseeeeeeeeetees
`
`5.1.16 Back-Channel message Indication (BCI) (Variable length)......................+.
`5.1.17 Back-Channel Message (BCM) (Variable length)...
`sesseeeetseeeesees
`
`5.1.19 Quantizer Information (PQUANT)(5 bits)...
`
`ee
`
`seseeees
`
`5.1.21 Picture Sub-Bitstream Indicator (PSBJ)(2 bits).....
`
`ceseeeesceeeeseeenseeess
`
`5.1.18 Reference Picture Resampling Parameters (RPRP) (Variariable length)...
`5.1.20 Continuous Presence Multipoint and Video Multiplex (CPM)abit)...
`5.1.22 Temporal Reference for B-pictures in PB-frames (rRs) (3/5 bits)...
`5.1.23 Quantization information for B-pictures in PB-frames (DBQUANT)(2bits)
`5.1.24 Extra Insertion Information (PEI) (1 bit)...
`ceseeeees
`cesteeeeees
`5.1.25 Supplemental Enhancement Information (PSUPP) (0/8/16 ..bits)...
`5.1.26 Stuffing (ESTUF) (Variable length) 20.00... cceeceeceeeeeceeecesceeeeeseeeeenneneeenees
`5.1.27 End Of Sequence (EOS) (22 bits) 20... ee eeeeceeceeseeneesseeeeeesceseeeneeaseeeeaneneeenees
`
`43
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`44
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`45
`
`oud
`
`5.2
`
`5.1.28 Stuffing (PSTUP)(Variable length)....0.....ec cceeceecceeseeeeceecesceeneeaeeeeeeaneneeenees
`
`Group of Blocks Layer...
`
`5.2.1
`
`Stuffing (GSTUF)(Variablelength)...
`
`we
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`ceseeeecsceeesseeesenececaeeseaeeeseneeessseesenseeenneeess
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`5.2.2. Group of Block Start Code (GBSC)(17 bits) 0202...eee ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeees
`5233
`‘Group: Number (GN) 6 DNS)ences
`
`Page
`Fe
`
`33
`
`5.2.4 GOB Sub-Bitstream Indicator (GSBI) (2 bits)...eeeeseesceeeeeteeeeeeeeeneeenees
`a3
`Secs|=SRTDGELE2 OSPercercanennenncernnnennananenmnaanaie
`
`ao
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`33
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`i 3
`
`4
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`34
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`37
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`37
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`37
`
`37
`
`=S66S®&
`
`4l
`
`& S
`
`EE
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`46
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`46
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`46
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`47
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`47
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`47
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`47
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`533
`
`5.4
`
`5.2.6 Quantizer Information (GQUANT)(5 bits) 0.0.00. .eeceeecceeeseeeseeeeseeeeeeteeeeeeees
`
`Macroblocklayer...
`
`oar
`
`SSaoe
`
`5.3.1
`Coded macroblockindicationin(COD)(ibit).
`5.3.2. Macroblocktype& Coded BlockPattern forChrominance (CBC)
`5.3.3. Macroblock mode for B-blocks (MODB)(Variableength)...
`
`(Variable length)...
`
`5.3.4 Coded Block Pattern for B-blocks (CBPB)(6 bits)................:::eeseeeeeeeeetees
`
`Coded Block Pattern for luminance (CBPY)(Variable length)....................
`5.3.5
`5.3.6 Quantizer Information (DQUANT)(2 bits/Variable Length)......................
`
`5.3.7 Motion Vector Data (MVD) (Variable length)...
`
`cesteesteeeeeesees
`5.3.8 Motion Vector Data (MVD>_4) (Variable length)...
`5.3.9 Motion Vector Data for B-macroblock (MVDB) (Varariable length)...
`
`Blocklayer...
`
`a
`
`-
`
`5.4.1. DC coefficient for INTRA blocks«s(INTRADC)(8bits)...
`
`seceeseneceesaeeeeeseeeeneeess
`
`we
`
`5.4.2.
`
`Transform Coefficient (TCOEF) (Variable length) .................:::sceeseeeeeeees
`
`Decoding Process..........ccsccesseeseecsseeenceeeesseeeseeceneeeseceneesaeceneeeeeeeneseaeseneeenaeeeneeeeeeters
`
`Motion Compensation ............c::ccccscceeeeeeeeeececeeeeeeseeceseeeecescecesaeecsecesseesessesesneeesenseesesess
`6.1.1 Differential motion Vectors ...........cccceeceeseceesceeeeceeeeeeeeeeneeeaeceeneeaeeeneeeeeetens
`
`6.1.2
`
`Interpolation for subpixel prediction..................cceceecceesceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeenees
`
`6.2
`
`Coefficients deCOding............cecscccecceeeeseceesceeeeeceenseceesseeeeaceceaeeceeeeececesesnecesneeeseneeeseness
`
`Inverse quantization ..............cccccecseceeeeeeeseeceeeeeeescecesseeceneeeseeeseseeeeseeeeseneeesenees
`6.2.1
`6.2.2 Clipping of reconstruction levels ..............c.::cccescceeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeseeeeseeeesenseeesnes
`
`6.2.3
`6.2.4
`
`ZiGzag POStiONING...... eeeceeeecceeseceeeeceeseeceeceececeecesecceseeeeseeeceseeeesseeereeeeessness
`Inverse transform... eceecceesceeseeessecenceeseceneeseeceneeeeeeeneeeaeeeeeeeaeenneeeeeeaters
`
`6.3
`
`Reconstruction Of DIOCKS .0........ccceeecescesseceeeeesseeenceesecesnceaeceneeeseeeeneseaeseeseaeenneenaeeeaters
`
`6.3.1
`
`Summation... eee eececsseeeeceeseesseeesceceneeeseccncesaeceneeeaeeceneeeaeseeeeeaeeeneeeeeeaters
`
`48
`6.3.2—Clipping... ceeeeeeecceeessceceececeeneceeseeeesaeeessneceaaeecesaecesaeeeenaeeeseesesaseesneeessnseesesees
`
`Annex A — Inverse transform accuracy specification...........c.ccccccessssceseesesneeseeseeeseseseesscneeseenees
`
`Annex B — Hypothetical Reference Decode?.............:..:cccscsssesscesseeseeseeeseescesseseeesnesecesneeseeseeeees
`
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`Aries Considerations 10 MPOccna
`
`Cl
`
`C2
`
`to
`
`C4
`
`Freeze piclite PequestessscerseerraermnnrennenanereTT
`
`FaStUPGAtE TEQUESU sscsesssseseesazcecesnerecarasaesreaeaatsaE eeTRUTTETREOTR TERTTT RNATE
`
`Freeze picture release...
`
`Continuous Presence Silipos and Video Multiplexing (CPM)............:::ceseseeeees
`
`End Of Sub-Bitstream code (EOSBS)(23 Dits)......cccccssssesscssseessesseessesseeeeeee
`C.4.1
`C.4.2 Ending Sub-Bitstream Indicator (ESBI) (2 bits).......sccsssessssssssseesssesseseesseeeen
`
`Annex D — Unrestricted Motion Vector mode .........:sssssesessessesssseeseessesecseescsseaseasaseesassasseeases
`
`D.1
`
`Motion vectors over picture DOUNCATIES.............cccscesscessesseeseseseescesseescessesscesneeseeseeeees
`D.1.1 Restrictions for motion Vector ValUES .........cccesseeeeeeseseeseeseteessessareneaeeaeeeeaes
`
`D.2
`
`Extension of the motion Vector range..............cccsccssescessesseeseseseesceeseeeesesecesneesseeeeees
`
`Annex E — Syntax-based Arithmetic Coding mode..........c.cccccccssssseesseeseeseessesscessesecesneeseeseeeees
`
`E.1
`
`E.2
`
`E.3
`
`E.6
`E.7.—_
`
`Introduction ...
`
`Specification ofofSAC encoder...
`
`Specification Of SAC decoder..........cccccccscsscessessceseseseeeeceeeseeseseeesecescesteeseseeeeseeneeenees
`
`ceeaseseeeeaeeneeaeenes
`Header layer symbols...
`Macroblock and Block layersymbols...
`
`Annex F — Advanced Prediction mode..............ccscsccescsssesseessesecesseeseesteeseeacessesaeessesacesneeaeeseeeaes
`
`F.1
`
`F.2
`
`F.3
`
`TntrOduction ..........cccscesseessessecsessccssesscesscescesnsessesecessenseeseeeeeacesseseeesseeaceueesseaeeeseeneeenees
`
`Four motion vectors per Macroblock............:c:ccsscessesscessesseeseseseescecseeneeseescesneeseeeeeees
`
`Overlapped motion compensation for lUMiNaNe..............cceeeeecessceceseeeseeeeeseeneeesees
`
`Annex G — PB-frames m0de........ccccssssseseeseseesesssssssscssescescsscsceassssessesacseeseeasseeaseasassesatsaeaceases
`
`G.1
`
`G.2
`
`G.3_
`
`G.4
`
`G.5__—
`
`Introduction .......::cccscccssssessescsessesessssessesccecsecesssessusceseesessseessuseseeceeesaserseeseeeseeeeasensuess
`
`PB-frames and INTRA DIOCKS..........:cccccsscesssscessecsessccessesssseccsessesessesessnsesenseversesesnsesss
`
`Block layer...
`
`Calculation of vectors for the B-picture in a PB-frame...
`
`Prediction of a B-block in a PB-frame.............:.ccccscssseseeseeseeseeseecceceeseenesceeeeeseeeeeseees
`
`Annex H — Forward error correction for coded video sigmal............:::::ssssssssesseseeeeeseeseseeeees
`
`H.1
`
`Introduction ..........:cccceseeceecesssscescesesneescesseneeseeasenceaseaeenceseeaeeaseaeeaeenseseeesenseeeeeaeeeseseeess
`
`Page
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`H.2—_Error correction framing............cccccccsscessssceeseescesnceeesecesseeseesteeseeaeeaesaeeseesecesneeseeseenees
`72
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`H.3
`
`«Error COrrecting COdE...........escessesseessestcestesseeseescesnceseesecessesseesesesseneesseeaeeeaesacesasesseseeeaes
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`H.4
`
`Relock time:for error corrector framing cncae
`
`‘Annex | — Advanced INTRA: Coding M006 scsescscenreemenemsnensaraniernna
`
`1.1 SOT sos cnscecrnranvennrernvennscnemsancaremannienmnatemrenmnmneTERRECNTEROTTS
`
`PUTS J —DiBEIG sscireccacccsssewesnaxsinansinscrarcancaarscnmensccnsiiasicastumuamianeWerann aanunineieal
`
`Jul
`
`J.2
`
`J3
`
`Introduction .......ccccsescsssssseeseescsecseeseseesssssasseeaesacscescseeesessassesseeacsacacesesceaeeasaseesaeeacseeases
`
`Relation to UMV and AP modes (Annexes D and F)..............:ccscsssseseeseeeceseeesceeeeees
`
`Definition of the deblocking edgefilter ..............cccceccccssesseeseeeseeneeeseeeessesecesneeseeseenees
`
`Annex K — Slice Structured mode .........ccccessesesssessesssseescsscsessssseseesseeesseescsseaseasaseesaseaseceases
`
`K.l
`
`Introduction .......cccessesssssssseeseesesecseessseesssssssseeacsacseescsseesessassesseeaceaeacesesceaeeasassesaeeacaceases
`
`K.2_
`
`Structure ofslice layer....
`K.2.1
`Stuffing (SSTUF)wv‘ariableIength)...
`K.2.2
`Slice Start Code (SSC)(17 bits)...
`secsesseneessaseeeaceacsceaseasaeensassacaceaees
`K.2.3
`Slice Emulation Prevention Bit 1 (SEPB1) (i bit)...
`seseeneeees
`K.2.4
`Slice Sub-Bitstream Indicator (SSBI) (4 bits)eccccsseceseerenereneneee
`K.2.5 Macroblock Address (MBA) (5/6/7/9/11/12/13/14 bits) ......eeeeeseeseeeeteeeeees
`K.2.6
`Slice Emulation Prevention Bit 2 (SEPB2) (1 bit)....
`K.2.7 Quantizer Information (SQUANT) (5 bits)....
`seseaseeeaeeneeenseasenenaes
`K.2.8
`Slice Width Indication in Macroblocks (sw)(3/4/5/6/7 bits)...
`K.2.9
`Slice Emulation Prevention Bit 3 (SEPB3)(1 bit)scsccccossnnnneeeeeee
`Annex L — Supplemental EnhancementInformation Specification ................ccccscsscesseeseeeeeeees
`
`L.1
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`L.2
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`L.3
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`L4
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`L.5
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`L.6
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`L.7
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`L.8
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`L9
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`Introduction .......cccessesssssssseeseesesecseessseesssssssseeacsacseescsseesessassesseeaceaeacesesceaeeasassesaeeacaceases
`
`PSUPP forimat............ccescsseesseseseeeceecescesececescesesscesceseseeeseeseseeeneesseeceaeaeensaesaesnseaeaeeasees
`
`Do Nothing .......ccceccceesesseesseescesseeseesccesssnseeseessesnceseesecesseeeesesesseneesaeeneeeseeacesuseseseeeaes
`
`Full-Picture Freeze Request ............:cccccssssceeseessesseessesecesseseeestseseeseesesneesseeacesneeseestenees
`
`Partial-Picture Freeze Request............cccescceseessesseessesecessesseeseseseeneeseeneesseeacesneesseseeeees
`
`Resizing Partial-Picture Freeze Request.............cccsscssccssesseeseseseesteeseseeseeecesneeseeseenees
`
`Partial-Picture Freeze-Release Request............:ccccsscsscessesseeseseseescesseeeessesecesneeseeseenees
`
`Full-Picture Snapshot Tag..........ccccccsscessssceeseesseeseeseesecessesseeseseseeseeeaeeneesseeecenseseeseenees
`
`Partial-Picture Snapshot Tag...........cccccsssscceseessesseessesecessesseetseseesceesesneessesecesneeseeseenees
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`L.10=Video Time SegmentStart Tag .........ccceccccscessesseessesscesesseeseeeseeaeesesseeaesecesneeseeseeeees
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`L.12
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`L.13
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`Video Time Segment End Tag ..........ccccecccescessesseessesecessesseesecesseaeeseseeesseseeesnseseeseeeaes
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`Progressive Refinement Segment Start Tag..........ccccccssesseesssesseseeseeeesseeecesneeseeeeeees
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`Progressive Refinement Segment End Tag.........c.cccccccssesseesscesseseesseseesseescesneeseeseeeees
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`L.14
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`E15
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`Chroma Keying Tnitormation sererrser sess yeerscreeaer erreraruenener err mecsrecrany casas:
`
`Extended Fancn0n LypeoreeecseueeereeeeeeeeREO
`
`Annies Mi... (0iprOved PB-Tanies IGE ccssccscsiscecncnnmmmnnnmnrnmumimnmannimaninnNnttt
`
`M.1
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`M.2
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`M.3
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`M.4
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`SOT sos cnscecrnranvennrernvennscnemsancaremannienmnatemrenmnmneTERRECNTEROTTS
`
`BegeSOIGPCHNCLTEE oss wescecsinccannscrarsancenncmemcnsnarmeeimumanvarenanneannnneai
`Wo Biieionl Weenpce
`M22 OW CECHGvcscacnccssscwescecmmannnaanmncmncnsrecnsnereanmumanwurananneanmenea
`M.2.3 Backward prediction .........c:cccsesssssesssssssseesessescessnssesseeassecseesssseaseesassneaeearsceaes
`
`Calculation of vectors for bidirectional prediction of a the B-macroblock................
`
`MODBtable............:cccesesseesseseeeeeesecescesececescescencescesesseeaeeaeseeenseaseeceaceaeeaseaeeaeenseseaeeatses
`
`Annex N — Reference Picture Selection mode ..........cs::ccscsccssscscessseeseesesesceseeserseesesesceessesenseees
`
`N.1
`
`N.2
`
`N.3
`
`N.4
`
`N.5
`
`Introduction...
`
`Video source coding algorithm...
`
`seseaeeeaeeseaeeaeeees
`
`Channel for back-channel messages..............sccsscessssseeseeseeecesseescessesecesteeseeseeeseeneeenees
`N.3.1
`Separate logical channel MOde..............ccccesscessesseeseseseesteseeseesseescesneeseeseeeees
`N.3.2 Videomux MOde...........:ccccesescesssscescecescescesesseeseeseseeenceseeeceaeaeensaesaeenseasaeeasees
`
`Syntax...
`ee
`N.4.1
`Forward channel...
`N.4.2 Back-Channel Message(BCM)5syntax...
`Decoder process.........:ccscssccssesscesseesecstcesssnseeseessessceseesecesseseeestsesseneesaeeneceueeecensesseaeenaes
`
`Annex O — Temporal, SNR, and Spatial Scalability mode............ccccsesseeseeseeseeseeeesecneeseeeees
`
`0.1
`
`0.2
`
`0.3
`
`0.4
`
`Overview...
`
`we
`
`O.1.1 Temporal scalability...
`0.1.2
`SNR SCALADILIYoooocvocvosovovsvevrsiitsitiittsee
`
`0.1.4 Multilayer scalability...ccccsscsecsessseeseeesesscesseseeesscssceseseseeseeeseeneenees
`
`Transmission order Of PiCtUres...........:csccscescessesseseesesseeseeseeeceneeseenceceeceeseaeeaeenseeeaeeaeees
`
`Picture layer syntax ...
`
`Macroblocklayer syntax ...
`0.4.1 Coded macroblockindication(cop)(lbit).
`0.4.2 MBTYPE/MCBPC(VLC)...
`0.4.3 Coded Block Pattern for Chrominance (CBPC)vatiablelength)seceeeseeenees
`0.4.4 Coded Block Pattern for Luminance (CBPY)(Variable length)..................
`0.4.5 Quantizer Information (DQUANT) (2 bits/Variable length).....................00
`0.4.6 Motion vector data(MVDFW, MVDBW) (Variable length)....................00.
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`OS
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`Motion Vector deGOGIO. sesrenseer creer eypersceecrer se ne year eumnuser eer ecor pan ma sieuaies
`0.5.1 Differential motion Vectors............cccceeeccceesceeeeceeeeeecceeeceeececeseecesseeeteseeeeses
`
`O52:
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`‘MOTO VECIOTS I GIeClINOdE yess eeesee eres eereeceeryrerevenreeretats
`
`0.6
`
`TnitérpolAtON ANELS pcccrsscevesseveesrences cesses sre reaaTere eTARATE TT ATT RENT
`
`Auines. P= ReTSSTIGE Picire TESANND cississevesnexsinannnscarsencmncnmemcnnwameeinumanvarananaeamunnneainn
`
`Bl
`
`DEGGIE oss ccc masnnenemmnnrcen RaN EEDRENNANTIO
`
`deseeseessesseessessseseees
`P.2.1 “Warping Displacement‘Accuracy(WDA)Qbits)...
`P.2.2 Warping parameters (Variable length).................::ccccessesceesesseesseeecesneeseeeeeees
`P.2.3
`Fill Mode (FILL_MODE)(2 bits)...
`seceessseeeseee
`
`FillColorSpecificationOFFILL,CaEEPB,3 CaFILL,Ce}EPB,Ce.FILL)
`P.2.4_
`Resampling algorithmseseseeassssaeseeacsceaceaseceusessaesaesceassceaceasssensaseacaeeaeeacsceasassasneaceataceass
`
`(26bits)...
`
`scessssecssseessssseessssestsavecssssesstsecsssseestisesstitessssestieesssseee
`
`P.3
`
`P4
`
`P.5
`
`Example of implementation...
`cesseeeesaeeeseeceaeececsceceseneeseneeeseaeeseaeeesenseesnaeessasessnneeess
`P.4.1 Displacements ofvirtualppoints....
`seceeseneceesececeaceesensesssseecsceessaeesseeeeeees
`P.4.2. Resampling ALGOTitHIsosocoocoovooseososssetsststtee
`Factor-of-4 resampling .............cccsccsscsccessssseescesceenceseesecesscseesesesseneesaeeneeesesecesneeseseenees
`P.5.1
` Factor-of-4 upsampling............ccccccscessesseessesecessesseeeseseeseeeseeneesesecesneesseseenees
`P.5.2
`Factor-of-4 downsampling..0..........cccccccsseessesscessesseeseseseesceesesneesesecesneeseeseenees
`
`Annex Q — Reduced-Resolution Update mode.........cccssesssssssessecsesecssessssensessasseeassaseeeaseeesense
`
`Q.1
`
`TntrOduction ..........cccscesseessessecsessccssesscesscescesnsessesecessenseeseeeeeacesseseeesseeaceueesseaeeeseeneeenees
`
`Q.2.1 Reference preparation ...........ccccceccescessescesseseesceseeseeaseseeeeeeseeeeeaeeeseeeeaeeseeeeess
`Q.2.2 Macroblock layer decoding............:ccccsccessesseeseeeceescesseencessessceteeseeseeeseeneeesees
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`Q.3—_Extension ofreferenced picture............:.ccccsscssesseessesseeseeecesncesseencesseesceseeesecaeeeseeneenees 133
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`Q.4
`
`Reconstruction Of MOtION VECtOLS.............cccseessesecessesseeseeecesnceseeecesseesceseseseeeeeseeneeenees
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`
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`Q.5__Enlarged overlapped motion compensation for luminance...............:cccssseeseeeeseeeeeeees 136
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`Q.6
`
` Upsampling of the reduced-resolution reconstructed prediction error..........cceseeeeee
`
`Q.6.1 Upsampling procedure for the* pixelsinside a 16 x 16 reconstructed
`prediction error block...
`eesensees
`Q.6.2 Upsampling procdedurefortthe pixelsatttheboundaryofle16x 16
`reconstructed prediction error DIOCK .............:ccsesseeseeesseneeeseseeseescesneeseeseeeees
`
`evaesseaeeaes
`
`Q.7
`
`Block boundary filter...
`ves
`saseeeaseestecaeeesceeseeeenceeseeetenees
`Q.7.1 Definition ofthedefault blockboundaryfilter.
`sesseseeeeasesseseeaseneesnees
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`Q.7.2 Definition of the block boundary filter when Deblocking Filter modeis
`
`Arinex R — Independent Sepnient Decoding Mod6iscsi
`
`R.1
`
`R.2
`
`K3
`
`SOT sos cnscecrnranvennrernvennscnemsancaremannienmnatemrenmnmneTERRECNTEROTTS
`
`DGS GEGEo cccssscsccnsecssinensesacnerssacceaseansrmsssesuecucauenceteweeiteseeeemiemneNORaRENOCTES
`
`(CONSITAINS OI SAN6bei cssseasesscasccmrnsramiammanmmrmTR ORT
`Roo
`‘Consiainton sceneslinhescccee
`R.3.2 Constraint on changes of segment Shapes...............c:ccscesceesesseesteecesneeseeseeeees
`
`Annex S — Alternative INTER VLC mode...........cccessscesssscssscecsssssesescsecesesssersessssseeseeeserseees
`
`8.1
`
`8.2
`
`Introduction .......ccccccscesssseseeeeees
`
`Alternative INTER VLC for coefficients ............:csccscescssesseeseeseeseeceeseeneeseseeenseeseeseees
`
`S.2.1
`
` Emcoder action.........cecceccesssscescesssscesceseencesceseencaceaeaseaeeaeeeseeeeeenseeeeeeeeseeeeneess
`
`$.2.2 Decoder action ...........:cccccsssssescesssceseeseenceaceseenceaceaeeaseaeeaeeeseseeeenseeeeeeeeseeeess
`
`8.3
`
`Alternative INTER VLC for CBPY..........ccccccccsseessesscessesseeseseseesceseeseesesecesneeseeseenees
`
`Annex T — Modified Quantization Mm0de............c:cccccscsssssseessesecessesseeseseseeneessesseeseesacesseeseeseeeaes
`
`T.l
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`T.2
`
`T.3
`
`T.4
`
`T.5
`
`1.1
`
`1.2
`
`Introduction ............006
`
`Modified DQUANT Update......scccscscssssssscsssscecsssssessssssescssssseessssececssnseessssusesessnseeessees
`T.2.1
` Small-step QUANT alteration...ccssseseesssseeeeesssecseesseeesessarsneaesaeeeeees
`7.2.2 Arbitrary QUANT selection..............ccccccssesscessesseeseeeseenceseeseesesecesneeaeeseenees
`
`Altered quantization step size for chrominance coefficients...............c:cscscseseeseseeees
`
`Modified coefficient range ............:cccccsssssescessesceseeseeseeseeseeeeeseeseenceaeseeesaeaeenseeeaeeaeees
`
`Usage restrictions ............cccccscsssesseesscsscesssseeseescesnceseesecessceeesesesseneesseeneeesesaceaeenseseenees
`
`Introduction .......cccessesssssssseeseesesecseessseesssssssseeacsacseescsseesessassesseeaceaeacesesceaeeasassesaeeacaceases
`
`Error tracking ..........:.cccscessesssesesececsecescesececesceseescesceseseecseesesesenceaseeeeaeasenseaeaeenseaeeeaeses
`
`Appendix II — Recommended Optional Enhancement................:.::c:cecesesseseeseeceseeseseeeeseeseseenees
`
`II.1
`
`II.2
`
`Introduction ............006
`
`Levels of preferred mode SUPPOTT.............:cccsccssesseessesscesseeseeseseseeseesesseessesecesneeseeseenees
`TL.2.1
`Level 1 preferred modes...............cccccscsseessesseeseeeceescessesecesensceeeeseeseeeseeneeenees
`TL.2.2 Level 2 preferred modes...............cccccssescessesseeseeeceescesesncessesscesesesecseeeaeeneeenees
`TL.2.3 Level 3 preferred modes...............ccsccsscsscessesseeseecesscesseencesscesceeeeseeseeeseeneeenees
`
`IL.3
`
`Picture formats and picture clock frequencies.............c.c:cssceseesseseesseeneesseescesseesceseeeees
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`Recommendation H.263
`
`VIDEO CODING FOR LOW BIT RATE COMMUNICATION
`
`(revised in 1998)
`
`1
`
`Scope
`
`This Recommendation specifies a coded representation that can be used for compressing the moving
`picture component of audio-visual services at low bit rates. The basic configuration of the video
`source coding algorithm is based on Recommendation H.261. Sixteen negotiable coding options are
`included for improved performance and increased functionality. This Recommendation contains
`Version 2 of Recommendation H.263, which is fully compatible with the original Recommendation,
`adding only optional features to the original Version | content of the Recommendation.
`
`2
`
`References
`
`The following Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference
`in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions
`indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of
`this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most
`recent edition of the Recommendationsand otherreferences listed below.
`
`[1]
`
`ITU-R Recommendation BT.601-5 (1995), Studio encoding parametersof digital television
`for standard 4:3 and wide-screen 16:9 aspect ratios.
`
`Reference [1] is referenced herein to define the (Y, Cp, Cr) colour space and its 8-bit integer
`representation for pictures used by video codecs designed according to this Recommendation.
`(Reference [1] is not used to define any other aspects of this Recommendation.)
`
`The following additional ITU-T Recommendations are mentioned for illustration purposes in this
`text; however, they do not constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication,
`the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision;
`all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying
`the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the
`currently valid ITU-T Recommendationsis regularly published.
`
`[2]
`
`[3]
`
`[4]
`
`[5]
`
`[6]
`
`[7]
`
`ITU-T Recommendation H.223 (1996), Multiplexing protocol for low bit rate multimedia
`communication.
`
`ITU-T Recommendation H.242 (1997), System for establishing communication between
`audiovisual terminals using digital channels up to 2 Mbit/s.
`
`ITU-T Recommendation H.245 (1998), Controlprotocolfor multimedia communication.
`
`ITU-T Recommendation H.261 (1993), Video codecfor audiovisual services at p x 64 kbit/s.
`
`ITU-T Recommendation H.262 (1995) | ISO/IEC 13818-2:1996, Information technology —
`Generic coding ofmovingpictures and associated audio information: Video.
`
`ITU-T Recommendation H.324
`communication.
`
`(1998)