US007274652B1
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Webster et a].
`
`(10) Patent N0.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,274,652 B1
`Sep. 25, 2007
`
`(54) DUAL PACKET CONFIGURATION FOR
`WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
`
`(75) Inventors: Mark A. Webster, Melbourne Beach,
`FL (US); Steven D. Halford, Palm Bay,
`FL (US); Richard D. Roberts, Palm
`Bay, FL (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Conexant, Inc., Red Bank, NJ (US)
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 512 days.
`
`between systemsiLocai and metropolitan area IIGWVOIRSiSPGCI?C
`RequirementsiPart 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control
`(MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) speci?cations: High Speed
`Physical Layer in the 5 GHZ Band”, IEEE P802.11a/D7. 0 (Supp/e
`ment to IEEE Std 802.11-1999), Jul. 1999, 90 pages.
`
`(Continued)
`Primary ExamineriHuy D. Vu
`Assistant Examinerilason Mattis
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or F irmiThomas, Kayden,
`Horstemeyer & Risley, LLP
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/586,571
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Jun. 2, 2000
`
`(51) Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`H04] 9/00
`(52) US. Cl. ..................... .. 370/204; 370/338; 370/341
`(58) Field of Classi?cation Search .............. .. 370/310,
`370/321, 328, 329, 330, 431, 436, 468, 478,
`370/482, 483, 485, 203, 204, 206, 335, 342,
`370/349, 338, 341; 375/298, 130, 133, 140,
`375/141, 260, 261; 455/452
`See application ?le for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`4,703,474 A * 10/1987 Foshini et al.
`(Continued)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`JP
`
`2000 101623 A
`4/2000
`(Continued)
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`A dual packet con?guration for Wireless communications
`including a ?rst portion that is modulated according to a
`serial modulation and a second portion that is modulated
`according to a parallel modulation. The serial modulation
`may be DSSS Whereas the parallel modulation may be
`OFDM. The ?rst portion may include a header, Which may
`further include an OFDM mode bit and a length ?eld
`indicating the duration the second portion. The ?rst portion
`may be in accordance With 802.11b to enable dual mode
`devices to coexist and communicate in the same area as
`standard 802.11b devices. The dual mode devices can com
`municate at different or higher data rates Without interrup
`tion from the 802.11b devices. The packet con?guration may
`include an OFDM signal symbol Which further includes a
`data rate section and a data count section. In this manner,
`data rates the same as or similar to the 802.11a data rates
`may be speci?ed between dual mode devices. The ?rst and
`second portions may be based on the same or different clock
`fundamentals. For OFDM, the number of subcarriers, pilot
`tones and guard interval samples may be modi?ed indepen
`dently or in combination to achieve various embodiments.
`Also, data subcarriers may be discarded and replaced With
`pilot tones for transmission. The receiver regenerates the
`discarded data based on received data, such as using ECC
`techniques.
`
`Information
`“DRAFT Supplement to STANDARD [for]
`TechnologyiTelecommunications and information exchange
`
`43 Claims, 12 Drawing Sheets
`
`1
`Receiver@
`
`600
`
`Transmitter? 1 — 605
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`
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`611“ 44 MHz
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`
`615 \\ l Chan _
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`RX signal 617
`\I\ Q Chan
`ADC
`619
`l
`Switch ' 623
`I
`20 MHz
`
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`
`l
`621 '¢\. 22 MHz
`
`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 1 of 23
`
`

`

`US 7,274,652 B1
`Page 2
`
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`8/1993 KaZecki et al.
`5,241,545 A
`6/1995 Schreiber et a1. ......... .. 375/141
`5,425,050 A *
`1/1998 Boer et al. ................ .. 370/342
`5,706,428 A *
`5/2000 Land
`6,067,391 A
`7/2000 Langlais ................... .. 725/111
`6,091,932 A *
`9/2000 Bauml et al. ............. .. 370/203
`6,125,103 A *
`6,128,276 A 10/2000 Agee
`6,344,807 B1
`2/2002 Hassner et al.
`6,377,562 B1* 4/2002 Schneider ................. .. 370/330
`6,434,119 B1
`8/2002 Wiese et al.
`6,438,367 B1* 8/2002 Crawford .................. .. 455/410
`6,470,055 B1* 10/2002 Feher ....... ..
`6,493,395 B1 * 12/2002 Isaksson et al. ..
`6,560,209 B1 *
`5/2003 Alamouti et al.
`370/342
`6,590,889 B1* 7/2003 Preuss et al.
`6,678,310 B1* 1/2004 Andren et al. ............ .. 375/147
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`W0
`
`W0 03 005652 A
`
`1/2003
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Information
`“DRAFT Supplement to STANDARD [for]
`TechnologyiTelecommunications and information exchange
`between systemsiLocal and metropolitan area networksiSpeci?c
`requirementsiPart 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control
`(MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) speci?cations: Higher speed
`Physical Layer (PHY) extension in the 2.4 GHZ band”, IEEE Std
`802.11b/D 7.0, (Draft Supplement to IEEE Std 802.11 1999 Edition),
`Jul. 1999, 94 pages.
`“Information technologyiTelecommunications and information
`exchange between systemsiLocal and metropolitan area
`networks,iSpeci?c requirementsiPart 11: Wireless LAN
`
`Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Speci
`?cations”, ISO/IEC 8802-11 .'1 999(E) ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11, 1999
`Edition, Aug. 1999, 531 pages.
`Written Opinion, dated Aug. 13, 2002, 4 pages.
`PCT Noti?cation of Transmittal of International Preliminary Exami
`nation Report, dated Mar. 25, 2003, 7 pages.
`Steve Halford et al: “IEEE P802.11 Wireless LANs, CCK-OFDM
`Proposed Normative Text,” Jul. 10, 2001, XP002242971, Retrieved
`from the Internat: <URL: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/ 802/ 11/
`Documents/D1T401-450.html>, pp. 52-66.
`Crochiere R E et al: “Interpolation and Decimation of Digital
`SignalsiA Tutorial Review, ” Proceeding of the IEEE, IEEE. New
`York, US, vol. 69, No. 3, Mar. 1, 1981, pp. 300-331, XP000615159,
`ISSN:
`0018-9219,
`p.
`301,
`leftihand
`column,
`last
`paragraphiright-hand column, paragraph 5, ?gures 15, 18 and
`20A, section II-B, section III-C.
`Adams R: “Asynchronous Conversion Thwarts Incompatibility in
`Sampling ND Systems” EDN Electrical Design News, Cahners
`Publishing Co. Newton, Massachusetts, US, vol. 39, No. 15, Jul. 21,
`1994, pp. 83-88, XP000491530, ISSN: 0012-7515, section “Syn
`chronous rate-conversion theory”.
`PCT Noti?cation of Transmittal of the International Search Report
`or the Declaration, dated Jun. 30, 2003, 5 pages.
`Webster, Mark and Halford, Steve, “Reuse of 802.11 Preambles
`with HRb OFDM,” IEEE 802.11-00/390, Nov. 1, 2000, pp. 24,
`XP002217331.
`Lambrette U., et al., “OFDM Burst Frequency Synchronization by
`Single Carrier Training Data,” IEEE Communications Letters, IEEE
`Service Center, Piscataway, U.S., vol. 1, No. 2, Mar. 1, 1997, p. 46,
`left-hand column, line 21, p. 47, left-hand column, line 6, ?gure 1,
`XP000687090.
`PCT Noti?cation of Transmittal of the International Search Report
`or the Declaration, dated Jun. 3, 2003, 5 pages.
`
`* cited by examiner
`
`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 2 of 23
`
`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 25, 2007
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`Sheet 1 0f 12
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`US 7,274,652 B1
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`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 3 of 23
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 25, 2007
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`Sheet 2 0f 12
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`US 7,274,652 B1
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`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 4 of 23
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`Sep. 25, 2007
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`US 7,274,652 B1
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`Panasonic v. UNM
`
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 5 of 23
`
`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 25, 2007
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`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 6 of 23
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 25
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`, 2007
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`Panasonic v. UNM
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`IPR2024-00364
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`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 7 of 23
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 25
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`, 2007
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`Panasonic v. UNM
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`IPR2024-00364
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`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 25, 2007
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`Panasonic v. UNM
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`IPR2024-00364
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`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 25, 2007
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`IPR2024-00364
`Page 10 of 23
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`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 25, 2007
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`U.S. Patent
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`Sep. 25, 2007
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`IPR2024-00364
`Page 13 of 23
`
`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 13 of 23
`
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Sep. 25, 2007
`
`Sheet 12 0f 12
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`US 7,274,652 B1
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`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 14 of 23
`
`

`

`US 7,274,652 B1
`
`1
`DUAL PACKET CONFIGURATION FOR
`WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
`
`FIELD OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention relates to Wireless communications,
`and more particularly to a dual packet con?guration for use
`in Wireless local area netWorks.
`
`DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
`
`The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
`(IEEE) 802.11 standard is a family of standards for Wireless
`local area netWorks (WLAN) in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5
`GigahertZ (GHZ) bands. The current 802.11b standard
`de?nes various data rates in the 2.4 GHZ band, including
`data rates of 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Megabits per second (Mbps).
`The 802.11b standard uses direct sequence spread spectrum
`(DSSS) With a chip rate of 11 MegahertZ (MHZ), Which is a
`serial modulation technique. The 802.11a standard de?nes
`different and higher data rates of 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 54
`Mbps in the 5 GHZ band. It is noted that systems imple
`mented according to the 802.11a and 802.11b standards are
`incompatible and Will not Work together.
`A neW standard is being proposed, referred to as 802.11
`HRb (the “HRb proposal”), Which is a high data rate
`extension of the 802.11b standard at 2.4 GHZ. It is noted
`that, at the present time, the HRb proposal is only a proposal
`and is not yet a completely de?ned standard. Several sig
`ni?cant technical challenges are presented for the neW HRb
`proposal. It is desired that the HRb devices be able to
`communicate at data rates higher than the standard 802.11b
`rates in the 2.4 GHZ band. In some con?gurations, it is
`desired that the 802.11b and HRb devices be able to coexist
`in the same WLAN environment or area Without signi?cant
`interference or interruption from each other, regardless of
`Whether the 802.11b and HRb devices are able to commu
`nicate With each other. It may further be desired that the HRb
`and 802.11b devices be able to communicate With each
`other, such as at any of the standard 802.11b rates.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`A dual packet con?guration for Wireless communications
`according to at least one embodiment of the present inven
`tion includes a ?rst portion that is modulated according to a
`serial modulation and a second portion that is modulated
`according to a parallel modulation. In one embodiment, the
`serial modulation is direct sequence spread spectrum
`(DSSS), and the parallel modulation is orthogonal frequency
`division multiplexing (OFDM). In further embodiments, the
`?rst portion may include a preamble and a header, Where the
`preamble may be short or long. The header may further
`include an OFDM mode bit indicating OFDM mode, and a
`length ?eld indicating the duration the second portion.
`For example, the ?rst portion may be modulated in
`accordance With the 802.11b standard and readily received
`and understood by 802.11b compatible devices operating in
`the 2.4 GHZ frequency band. Each 802.11b device receives
`the preamble and header and determines the duration of the
`dual packet from the length ?eld, so that the 802.11b devices
`knoW hoW long to back off during transmission of a dual
`mode packet. In this manner, devices communicating With
`the dual mode packet con?guration Will not be disrupted by
`the 802.11b devices, and may thus coexist Within the same
`communication area as the standard 802.11b devices.
`
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`Furthermore, devices utiliZing a dual mode packet con
`?guration according to certain embodiments may coexist
`With 802.11b devices in the 2.4 GHZ frequency band While
`communicating at different or even greater data rates
`afforded by OFDM, such as data rates similar to the 802.11a
`standard. Whereas the 802.11b devices are currently limited
`to 11 Mbps, the dual mode devices may operate at 54 Mbps
`or higher depending upon the particular con?guration. The
`OFDM mode bit indicates OFDM mode to another target
`OFDM device. For such OFDM embodiments, the packet
`con?guration may include an OFDM synchronization pat
`tern, an OFDM signal symbol and an OFDM payload. The
`OFDM signal symbol may further include a data rate section
`and a data count section for specifying the data rate the
`number of data bytes in the payload. In this manner, data
`rates the same as or similar to the 802.11a data rates may be
`speci?ed betWeen dual mode devices, such as 6, 12, 24, 36
`or 54 Mbps.
`In at least one embodiment, the ?rst portion of the dual
`packet con?guration may be based on a ?rst clock funda
`mental Whereas the second portion is based on a second
`clock fundamental. In one embodiment, for example, the
`?rst clock fundamental is approximately 22 MHZ, Whereas
`the second clock fundamental is approximately 20 MHZ.
`The 22 MHZ clock signal is the clock fundamental for the
`802.11b standard to enable compatibility With 802.11b
`devices When operating in the 2.4 GHZ band. The 20 MHZ
`clock fundamental is typical for the OFDM modulation
`technique, so that an increased data rate is achieved Within
`the 2.4 GHZ band.
`In alternative embodiments, the ?rst and second portions
`of the dual packet con?guration are both based on a single
`clock fundamental, such as 22 MHZ. Various embodiments
`are contemplated for the single clock fundamental. In one
`embodiment, each OFDM symbol includes a guard interval
`With a standard number of samples for OFDM, such as 16
`samples according to 802.11a. Alternatively, the guard inter
`val includes an increased number of samples, such as 24
`samples.
`In yet further embodiments, each OFDM symbol in the
`packet con?guration may include a standard number of
`frequency subcarriers, such as 52 frequency subcarriers
`according to 802.11a. Alternatively, a reduced number of
`frequency subcarriers may be utiliZed, such as 48 subcarri
`ers. In one embodiment, each frequency subcarrier is a data
`subcarrier Whereas in another embodiment, pilot tones are
`included. In yet another embodiment, each of the frequency
`subcarriers are initially data subcarriers and a subset of the
`data subcarriers is discarded and replaced With a correspond
`ing number of pilot tones for transmission. Upon reception
`of the packet, the discarded data subcarriers are recreated
`using received data, such as, for example, application of
`error correction code (ECC) techniques.
`A Wireless communication device according to the present
`invention includes a transmitter and a receiver Where each
`are con?gured to communicate With a dual packet con?gu
`ration. The dual packet con?guration includes ?rst and
`second portions, Where the ?rst portion is con?gured accord
`ing to a serial modulation technique and Where the second
`portion is con?gured according to a parallel modulation
`technique. As described previously, the dual packet con?gu
`ration may utiliZe DSSS modulation as the serial modulation
`technique and OFDM as the parallel modulation technique.
`The Wireless communication device may include tWo sepa
`rate clock sources if utiliZing a dual packet con?guration
`based on ?rst and second clock fundamentals. Alternatively,
`a single clock source may be utiliZed if the ?rst and second
`
`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 15 of 23
`
`

`

`US 7,274,652 B1
`
`3
`portions are based on the same clock fundamental. The dual
`packet con?guration utilized by the Wireless communication
`device is according to any of the various embodiments
`described previously.
`In further embodiments, the transmitter and receiver may
`each be capable of communicating in a super short mode in
`Which only the second portion is utiliZed. The ?rst, serial
`portion is not used, so that overall data throughput may be
`increased. The super short mode is used only for dual mode
`devices and is generally not compatible With single mode
`devices. For example, the parallel modulation mode is not
`compatible With the serial modulation techniques utiliZed by
`the 802.11b devices, so that a dual mode device may not
`coexist or communicate in the same area as active 802.11b
`devices. For embodiments in Which the serial modulation for
`the ?rst packet portions are 802.11b compatible, the super
`short mode is advantageous When 802.11b devices are shut
`oif or otherWise not active in the same area, so that the dual
`packet mode devices may be operated With enhanced data
`throughputs.
`In yet a further embodiment, the transmitter and receiver
`may each be capable of communicating in a standard mode
`in Which the second portion is modulated according to the
`serial modulation. For example, this mode may be advan
`tageous When the serial modulation is compatible With other
`devices, such as 802.1 lb devices. Thus, the dual mode
`devices may include the capability to communicate With the
`802.11b devices in standard mode at the standard 802.11b
`rates, While also able to communicate With other dual mode
`devices at different or higher data rates.
`A method of Wireless communication using a dual packet
`con?guration according to embodiments of the present
`invention includes modulating a ?rst portion of each packet
`according to a serial modulation and modulating a second
`portion of each packet according to a parallel modulation.
`The serial modulation may be DSSS and the parallel modu
`lation may be OFDM. The method may further include the
`various dual packet embodiments described previously. The
`method may further comprise sWitching to a super short
`mode of operation in Which only the second portion modu
`lated according to the parallel modulation is utiliZed for
`communications. The super short mode enables enhanced
`communications With other dual mode devices. The method
`may further include sWitching to a standard mode of opera
`tion in Which the second portion is modulated according to
`the serial modulation of the ?rst portion. For 802.1 lb
`compatible embodiments, the standard mode enables direct
`communication With 802.11b devices and enhanced com
`munication With other dual mode devices.
`A dual packet con?guration for Wireless communications
`in accordance With embodiments of the present invention
`provides a suitable solution to the 802.11 HRb proposal.
`Dual mode devices may be con?gured to communicate With
`or otherWise coexist Within the same area as standard
`802.11b devices, While communicating With each other at
`different or higher data rates.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`A better understanding of the present invention can be
`obtained When the folloWing detailed description of the
`preferred embodiment is considered in conjunction With the
`folloWing draWings, in Which:
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a WLAN system including
`four devices operating Within the same room or area, Where
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`tWo of the devices are implemented according to the 802.11b
`standard and the other tWo are implemented according to the
`HRb proposal.
`FIG. 2 is a simpli?ed block diagram of an exemplary
`transceiver according to one embodiment of the present
`invention that may be utiliZed in either or both of the HRb
`devices of FIG. 1.
`FIG. 3A is a graph diagram of a packet con?guration
`utiliZing a long preamble.
`FIG. 3B is a graph diagram of an alternative packet
`con?guration utiliZing a short preamble.
`FIG. 4 is a graph diagram of an exemplary header, Which
`may be used as the header for the packet con?gurations of
`FIG. 3A or 3B.
`FIG. 5 is a graph diagram of a packet con?guration
`implemented according to a dual clock fundamental embodi
`ment of the present invention.
`FIG. 6A is a simpli?ed block diagram of a transceiver
`con?gured to utiliZe the packet con?guration of FIG. 5.
`FIG. 6B is a simpli?ed block diagram of an alternative
`transceiver con?gured to utiliZe the packet con?guration of
`FIG. 5.
`FIGS. 7A-7C are graph diagrams illustrating a packet
`con?guration utiliZing a single clock fundamental.
`FIGS. 8A-8C are graph diagrams illustrating another
`exemplary packet con?guration utiliZing a single clock
`fundamental and a standard number of samples in the guard
`interval.
`FIG. 9A is a graph diagram of packet con?guration
`utiliZing 48 subcarriers.
`FIG. 9B is a graph diagram illustrating the subcarriers of
`FIG. 9A including 44 data subcarriers and four pilot tones.
`FIG. 9C is a graph diagram of an alternative subcarrier
`con?guration for the packet con?guration of FIG. 9 includ
`ing 48 data subcarriers.
`FIGS. 10A and 10B illustrate the packet con?guration of
`FIG. 9 in Which four of the 48 data subcarriers are replaced
`With pilot tones.
`FIG. 11 is a table diagram illustrating comparisons of the
`various OFDM embodiments illustrating variations in data
`rates, OFDM symbol duration, spectral Width, thermal noise
`and delay spread spectrum as a result of variations in the
`clock rates, number of subcarriers, number of pilot tones,
`and the number of samples in the guard interval.
`FIG. 12 is a graph diagram of an exemplary packet
`con?guration according a super short OFDM preamble
`embodiment.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF
`EMBODIMENT(S) OF THE INVENTION
`
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a Wireless local area netWork
`(WLAN) system 100 operating Within a particular room or
`area 101, including four WLAN devices 103, 105, 107 and
`109 (103-109) are located Within the area 101. The devices
`103 and 105 are implemented according to at least one of
`several embodiments of the present invention With the HRb
`proposal in mind, Whereas the devices 107 and 109 are
`implemented according to the 802.11b standard. All of the
`devices 103-109 operate in the 2.4 GHZ band. The devices
`103-109 may be any type of Wireless communication device,
`such as any type of computer (desktop, portable, laptop,
`etc.), any type of compatible telecommunication device, any
`type of personal digital assistant (PDA), or any other type of
`network device, such as printers, fax machines, scanners,
`hubs, sWitches, routers, etc. It is noted that the present
`invention is not limited to the HRb proposal, the 802.11b
`
`Exhibit 1017
`Panasonic v. UNM
`IPR2024-00364
`Page 16 of 23
`
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`US 7,274,652 B1
`
`5
`standard, the 802.11a standard or the 2.4 GHZ frequency
`band, although these standards and frequencies may be
`utilized in certain embodiments.
`The devices 107 and 109 communicate With each other at
`any of the standard 802.11b rates, including 1, 2, 5.5 and 11
`Mbps. The devices 103 and 105 are dual mode devices that
`communicate With each other at different or higher data rates
`using a dual packet con?guration according to any one of
`several embodiments described beloW, such as the standard
`802.11a data rates of 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 or 54 Mbps.
`Alternative data rate groups are considered herein, such as
`a ?rst group of 6.6, 9.9, 13.2, 19.8, 26.4, 39.6, 52.8 or 59.4
`Mbps, or a second group of5.5, 8.25, 11, 16.5, 22, 33, 44 or
`49.5 Mbps, or athird group of6.05, 9.075, 12.1, 18.15, 24.2,
`36.3, 48.4 or 54.45 Mbps. The second group is advantageous
`as including tWo of the 802.11b standard data rates, namely
`5.5 and 11 Mbps.
`In one or more ?rst embodiments, the dual mode devices
`103-109 may operate or coexist in the same area 101 Without
`signi?cant interference from each other, Where the devices
`103, 105 communicate With each other at different or higher
`data rates than the 802.11b devices 107, 109. In the ?rst
`embodiments, the devices 103, 105 may communicate With
`each other While the devices 107, 109 may communicate
`With each other, but the devices 103, 105 do not communi
`cate With the devices 107, 109. In one or more second
`embodiments, at least one of the dual mode devices 103, 105
`is con?gured With a standard mode to be able to commu
`nicate With either of the devices 107, 109 at any one or more
`of the standard 802.11b data rates. In at least one third
`embodiment, the dual mode devices 103, 105 are con?gured
`With a super short mode and communicate at different or
`higher data rates and are incompatible With the devices 107
`and 109, so that the devices 103-109 are not able to coexist
`Within the same area 101. The dual mode devices 103, 105
`may be implemented to operate in the 2.4 GHZ band,
`although other frequency bands are contemplated.
`In the ?rst or second embodiments, it is desired that the
`devices 103 and 105 be able to communicate With each other
`Without interruption or interference from either of the
`devices 107 and 109. This presents a signi?cant technical
`challenge since the devices 103, 105 operate at different data
`rates When communicating With each other. The present
`invention solves this problem by enabling the devices 103
`and 105 to be implemented to be able to communicate With
`each other at different or at higher data rates While residing
`in a same area 101 as the 802.11b devices 107, 109. Further,
`in the second embodiments the devices 103, 105 may also
`communicate With either of the devices 107, 109 at the
`802.11b data rates
`FIG. 2 is a simpli?ed block diagram of an exemplary dual
`mode transceiver 200 according to one embodiment of the
`present invention that may be utiliZed in either or both of the
`devices 103, 105. The transceiver 200 includes an exem
`plary dual mode transmitter 201 and exemplary dual mode
`receiver 203. Within the transmitter 201, input data is
`provided to an encoder 211 at a particular rate of transmis
`sion. The data from the encoder 211 is provided to a
`modulator and ?lter 213, Which modulates the encoded data
`onto a transmission signal asserted via a corresponding
`antennae 215. The transmitted signal is received by an
`antennae 221 of the receiver 203, Which provides the
`received signal to an equaliZer and retrain system 223. The
`equaliZer/retrain system 223 demodulates the received sig
`nal and provides a demodulated signal to a decoder 225,
`Which provides the output data. Within the decoder 225, a
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`soft decision block 227 provides soft decision signals to a
`hard decision block 229, Which formulates the ?nal output
`data.
`FIG. 3Ais a graph diagram of a dual packet con?guration
`300 according one embodiment of the present invention
`utiliZing a long preamble. The packet con?guration 300
`includes a long preamble 301, Which may be implemented
`according to the 802.11b standard having 144 bits. Also
`according to the 802.11b standard, the long preamble is
`transmitted at a data rate of 1 Mbps. The long preamble 301
`is folloWed by a header 303, Which again may be imple
`mented according to the 802.11b standard having 48 bits
`transmitted at a data rate of 1 Mbps. In accordance With the
`802.11b standard, the preamble 301 and header 303 are
`transmitted in approximately 192 microseconds (usecs).
`Instead of a normal 802.11b packet hoWever, the packet
`con?guration 300 includes an orthogonal frequency division
`multiplexing (OFDM) synchronization (sync) pattern 305,
`folloWed by an OFDM signal symbol 306, folloWed by an
`OFDM payload 307. OFDM is a parallel modulation tech
`nique utiliZing a plurality of subcarrier frequencies trans
`mitted in parallel for each of a plurality of OFDM symbols,
`as further described beloW.
`The OFDM sync pattern 305 may be implemented
`according to the 802.11a standard and is transmitted in
`approximately 16 usecs. For example, the OFDM sync
`pattern 305 may be implemented according to the OFDM
`sync pattern speci?ed in the 802.11a standard, Which is a
`special pattern that enables a receiver circuit to determine
`precisely When the ?rst data bit of the payload Will arrive.
`The OFDM signal symbol 306 may also be implemented
`according to the 802.11a standard and is transmitted in
`approximately 4 usccs. As shown, the OFDM signal symbol
`306 includes a data rate section 308 and a data count section
`309. The data rate section 308 is a bit ?eld specifying the
`data rate, such as the standard 802.11a rates, and the data
`count section 309 is a bit ?eld indicative of the number of
`data bytes in the payload 307. In one embodiment, the
`OFDM payload 307 is comprised of OFDM symbols at any
`one ofthe 802.11a standard data rates of 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36,
`48, or 54 Mbps, Which are PHY sublayer Service Data Units
`(PSDU) selectable. The OFDM payload 307 is transmitted
`in “K” usecs, Where K is not necessarily directly related to
`the number of OFDM symbols in the payload portion.
`FIG. 3B is a graph diagram of an alternative packet
`con?guration 310 incorporating a short preamble 311. In an
`embodiment in accordance With 802.11b, the packet con
`?guration 310 includes a 72-bit preamble 311 transmitted at
`1 Mbp