`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`EXHIBIT A
`EXHIBIT A
`
`
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 1 of 69
`
`

`

`Exhibit A - U.S. Patent No. 8,891,347 (“’347 Patent”)
`Exhibit A - U.S. Patent No. 8,891,347 ("'347 Patent")
`
`Accused Instrumentalities: (1) cellular base stations that support 3GPP 5G NR beamforming, and (2) cellular user equipment (UE) that supports 3GPP
`Accused Instrumentalities: (1) cellular base stations that support 3GPP 5G NR beamforming, and (2) cellular user equipment (UE) that supports 3GPP
`5G NR beamforming.
`5G NR beamforming.
`
`Based upon publicly available information and without the benefit of discovery in this case, the accused base stations include, but are not limited to the
`Based upon publicly available information and without the benefit of discovery in this case, the accused base stations include, but are not limited to the
`following products sold by Nokia, Ericsson, and Samsung:
`following products sold by Nokia, Ericsson, and Samsung:
`
`Nokia: AirScale base station, AirScale radio and baseband, AirScale 5G mMIMO base station, ReefShark System on Chip and all products containing
`Nokia: AirScale base station, AirScale radio and baseband, AirScale 5G mMIMO base station, ReefShark System on Chip and all products containing
`the same, AirScale Osprey, AirScale Habrok, AirScale mRRH, AirScale pRRH, AirScale 4.5G Pro RRH, AirScale sHUB, FZHR, AHBOA, FSIH,
`the same, AirScale Osprey, AirScale Habrok, AirScale mRRH, AirScale pRRH, AirScale 4.5G Pro RRH, AirScale sHUB, FZHR, AHBOA, FSIH,
`FHFB, AZHL, AAFIA, 32TRX, and 64TRX.
`FHFB, AZHL, AAFIA, 32TRX, and 64TRX.
`
`Ericsson: 5G AIR products, 5G Baseband products, 5G Radio products, 5G Antenna products, AIR 1279, AIR 3218, AIR 3219, AIR 3229, AIR 3239,
`Ericsson: 5G AIR products, 5G Baseband products, 5G Radio products, 5G Antenna products, AIR 1279, AIR 3218, AIR 3219, AIR 3229, AIR 3239,
`AIR 3246, AIR 3258, AIR 3268, AIR 3283, AIR 6419, AIR 6428, AIR 6468, AIR 6476, AIR 6488, Interleaved AIR, Baseband 5216, Baseband 6502,
`AIR 3246, AIR 3258, AIR 3268, AIR 3283, AIR 6419, AIR 6428, AIR 6468, AIR 6476, AIR 6488, Interleaved AIR, Baseband 5216, Baseband 6502,
`Baseband 6648, 5G Radio Dot, Radio 4407, Radio 4408, Radio 4412, Radio 4418, Radio 4485, Radio 4490, Radio 8808, Radio 8863, Antenna 4600,
`Baseband 6648, 5G Radio Dot, Radio 4407, Radio 4408, Radio 4412, Radio 4418, Radio 4485, Radio 4490, Radio 8808, Radio 8863, Antenna 4600,
`Antenna 4602, Antenna 5500, and Antenna 6600.
`Antenna 4602, Antenna 5500, and Antenna 6600.
`
`Samsung: 5G base stations, 4T4R CBRS Radio, 32T32R Radio, 64T64R Radio, C-Band Radio, CDU50, One Antenna Radio, Link Hub, and Link
`Samsung: 5G base stations, 4T4R CBRS Radio, 32T32R Radio, 64T64R Radio, C-Band Radio, CDU50, One Antenna Radio, Link Hub, and Link
`HubPro.
`HubPro.
`
`The accused UE devices include without limitation the Apple iPhone 12, iPhone 12 mini, iPhone 13, iPhone 13 mini, iPhone 13 Pro, iPhone 13 Pro
`The accused UE devices include without limitation the Apple iPhone 12, iPhone 12 mini, iPhone 13, iPhone 13 mini, iPhone 13 Pro, iPhone 13 Pro
`Max, iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Plus, iPhone 14 Pro, iPhone 14 Pro Max, iPhone SE, iPad, iPad Air, iPad Mini, iPad Pro 11-inch, and iPad Pro 12.9-inch;
`Max, iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Plus, iPhone 14 Pro, iPhone 14 Pro Max, iPhone SE, iPad, iPad Air, iPad Mini, iPad Pro 11-inch, and iPad Pro 12.9-inch;
`Samsung Galaxy S10, Galaxy S20, Galaxy S20+, Galaxy S20 Ultra, Galaxy S20 FE, Galaxy S21, Galaxy S21+, Galaxy S21 Ultra, Galaxy S21 FE,
`Samsung Galaxy S10, Galaxy S20, Galaxy S20+, Galaxy S20 Ultra, Galaxy S20 FE, Galaxy S21, Galaxy S21+, Galaxy S21 Ultra, Galaxy S21 FE,
`Galaxy S22, Galaxy S22+, Galaxy S22 Ultra, Galaxy S23, Galaxy S23+, Galaxy S23 Ultra, Galaxy Z Flip3, Galaxy Z Flip4, Galaxy Fold, Galaxy Z
`Galaxy S22, Galaxy S22+, Galaxy S22 Ultra, Galaxy S23, Galaxy S23+, Galaxy S23 Ultra, Galaxy Z Flip3, Galaxy Z Flip4, Galaxy Fold, Galaxy Z
`Fold2, Galaxy Z Fold3, Galaxy Z Fold4, Galaxy A13, Galaxy A14, Galaxy A22, Galaxy A23, Galaxy A32, Galaxy A33, Galaxy A42, Galaxy A51,
`Fold2, Galaxy Z Fold3, Galaxy Z Fold4, Galaxy A13, Galaxy A14, Galaxy A22, Galaxy A23, Galaxy A32, Galaxy A33, Galaxy A42, Galaxy A51,
`Galaxy A52, Galaxy A53, Galaxy A71, Galaxy A73, Galaxy A90, Galaxy F42, Galaxy F52, Galaxy M13, Galaxy M32, Galaxy M42, Galaxy M52,
`Galaxy A52, Galaxy A53, Galaxy A71, Galaxy A73, Galaxy A90, Galaxy F42, Galaxy F52, Galaxy M13, Galaxy M32, Galaxy M42, Galaxy M52,
`Galaxy Note 10, Galaxy Note 10+, Galaxy Note 20, Galaxy Note 20 Ultra, and Galaxy Quantum 2; Google Pixel 4a, Pixel 5, Pixel 5a, Pixel 6, Pixel
`Galaxy Note 10, Galaxy Note 10+, Galaxy Note 20, Galaxy Note 20 Ultra, and Galaxy Quantum 2; Google Pixel 4a, Pixel 5, Pixel 5a, Pixel 6, Pixel
`6a, and Pixel 7; Motorola Edge, Edge+, G Play, G Power, G Pure, G Stylus, and One; and UE devices (such as Wi-Fi gateway devices) provided for
`6a, and Pixel 7; Motorola Edge, Edge+, G Play, G Power, G Pure, G Stylus, and One; and UE devices (such as Wi-Fi gateway devices) provided for
`use with defendant’s home 5G Internet services.
`use with defendant's home 5G Internet services.
`
`Page 1 of 68
`Page 1 of 68
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`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 2 of 69
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`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`[1pre] A method for wireless communi-
`To the extent the preamble is found to be limiting, the Accused Instrumentalities perform a method for wireless communication in a
`[1pre] A method for wireless communi- To the extent the preamble is found to be limiting, the Accused Instrumentalities perform a method for wireless communication in a
`cation in a system including a transmitter,
`system including a transmitter, a receiver, and a plurality of propagation paths formed between the transmitter and the receiver which
`cation in a system including a transmitter,
`system including a transmitter, a receiver, and a plurality of propagation paths formed between the transmitter and the receiver which
`a receiver, and a plurality of propagation
`are capable of carrying a signal transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver.
`a receiver, and a plurality of propagation are capable of carrying a signal transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver.
`paths formed between the transmitter and
`paths formed between the transmitter and
`the receiver which are capable of carrying
`the receiver which are capable of carrying For example, the Accused Instrumentalities perform a method for beamfonning 56 NR transmissions between abase station and user
`For example, the Accused Instrumentalities perform a method for beamforming 5G NR transmissions between a base station and user
`a signal transmitted by the transmitter to
`equipment (UE) utilizing the multipath transmission environment between the transmitter and receiver. This method is described, for
`a signal transmitted by the transmitter to equipment (UE) utilizing the multipath transmission environment between the transmitter and receiver. This method is described, for
`the receiver, the method comprising:
`the receive; the method comprising:
`example, in 3GPP standards documents such as TR 38.901 V15.0.0, TS 38.300 V2.0.0, and associated documents, which describe
`example, in 3GPP standards documents such as TR 38.901 V15.0.0, TS 38.300 V2.0.0, and associated documents, which describe
`aspects of the operations associated with components of the Accused Instrumentalities.
`aspects of the operations associated with components of the Accused Instrumentalities.
`
`
`4.1
`
`Overall Architecture
`
`An NG-RAN node is either:
`
`- a gNB, providing NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE; or
`
`- an ng-eNB, providing E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE.
`
`The gNBs and ng-eNBs are interconnected with each other by means of the Xn interface. The gNBs and ng-eNBs are
`also connected by means of the NG interfaces to the SGC, more specifically to the AMF (Access and Mobility
`Management Function) by means of the NG-C interface and to the UPF (User Plane Function) by means of the NG-U
`interface (see TS 23.501 [3]).
`
`NOTE: The architecture and the Fl interface for a functional split are defined in TS 38.401 [4].
`
`
`
`Page 2 of 68
`Page 2 of 68
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`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 3 of 69
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`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`The NG-RAN architecture is illustrated in Figure 4.1-1 below.
`
`AMF/UPF
`
`AMF/UPF
`
`0
`
`gNB
`
`5GC
`
`>. NG-RAN
`
`gNB
`
`ng-eNB
`
`ng-eNB
`
`Figure 4.1-1: Overall Architecture
`
`(3GPP TS 38.300 v17.2.0, § 4.1)
`(3GPP TS 38.300 v17.2.0, § 4.1)
`
`
`Local Coordinate System
`LCS
`Line Of Sight.
`LOS
`Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output
`MIMO
`Multipath Component.
`MPC
`Non-LOS
`NLOS
`(3GPP TR 38.901 v15.0.0, § 3.2)
`(3GPP TR 38.901 v15.0.0, § 3.2)
`
`
`
`
`Page 3 of 68
`Page 3 of 68
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`
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`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 4 of 69
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`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`4. The number of rays per cluster shall be calculated as follows:
`
`M = min{max(M,MA0DMzoD,20), M..}
`
`(7.6-8)
`
`where:
`
`- Al, =F4kc,,B1
`
`-
`
`A 1 WO
`
`=r4kc
`Ir
`:)1'
`ASD 180 . 2
`
`-
`
`M ZOD =
`
`1 4kCZSD
`
`180 - 2
`
`is the upper limit of M , and it should be selected by the user of channel model based on the trade-off
`- M
`between simulation complexity and accuracy.
`
`-
`
`p h and 4 are the array size in m in horizontal and vertical dimension, B is bandwidth in Hz, cAsf, and czsD
`are the cluster spreads in degrees, and A is the wavelength.
`
`- k is a "sparseness" parameter with value 0.5.
`
`It is noted that each MPC may have different AOD, ZOD, and delay.
`(3GPP TR 38.901 v15.0.0, § 7.6.2.2)
`(3GPP TR 38.901 v15.0.0, § 7.6.2.2)
`
`
`
`
`Page 4 of 68
`Page 4 of 68
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`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 5 of 69
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`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`Table 7.8-4: Simulation assumptions for calibration for large bandwidth and large antenna array
`
`Parameter
`Scenarios
`Carrier Frequency
`Bandwidth
`BS antenna
`configurations
`
`BS port mapping
`
`The number of rays
`per cluster
`
`Calibration method
`
`UMi-street Canyon
`30GHz
`2GHz
`
`Values
`
`M 8, N 8, P 2, Mg 1, Ng 4, c, dv = 0.5A, (kg = dv.g = 4A
`
`all 64 elements for each polarization on each panel are mapped to a single CRS port; panning
`angles of the two subarrays: (0,0) degs; same downtilt angles as used for the arge-scale
`calibrations
`
`NMPC = 40
`
`Drop multiple users in the multiple cells randomly, and collect the following metrics for each
`user after attachment.
`
`Metrics
`
`1) CDF of coupling loss (serving cell)
`2) Wideband SINR before receiver — determined from RSRP (formula) from CRS port 0
`3) CDF of largest (1.) PRB singular values (serving cell) at t=0 plotted in 10*log 1 0 scale
`(3GPP TR 38.901 v15.0.0, Table 7.8-4)
`TR 38.901 v15.0.0, Table 7.8-4)
`(3GPP
`
`
`
`Page 5 of 68
`Page 5 of 68
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`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 6 of 69
`
`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`[1a] transmitting a first signal from the
`[la] transmitting a first signal from the
`transmitter to the receiver via a first prop-
`transmitter to the receiver via a first prop-
`agation path of the plurality of propaga-
`agation path of the plurality of propaga-
`tion paths;
`tion paths;
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including transmitting a first signal from the transmitter to the receiver via a first
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including transmitting a first signal from the transmitter to the receiver via a first
`propagation path of the plurality of propagation paths.
`propagation path of the plurality of propagation paths.
`
`For example, the base station initially transmits via a narrow-beam antenna to the UE. This is illustrated in the diagrams below as, for
`For example, the base station initially transmits via a narrow-beam antenna to the UE. This is illustrated in the diagrams below as, for
`example and without limitation, the initial gNB beam (which is one of the plurality of propagation paths).
`example and without limitation, the initial gNB beam (which is one of the plurality of propagation paths).
`
`Downlink MIMO Framework: Beam Management
`
`IP 21
`
`UE
`
`P-3
`
`P-1
`
`1
`
`2
`
`UE
`
`3
`
`4
`
`TRP
`
`•
`
`•
`
`• TRP
`
`• Initial gNB Beam
`Acquisition
`• SSB or CSI-RS
`
`• gNB Beam
`Refinement
`• E.g., CSI-RS
`
`• UE Beam
`Refinement
`
`21
`
`Forming beam ports for MIMO transmission (TX and RX)
`
`NOKIA
`Nokia 2017
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018
`Amitabha Ghosh, Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`Amitabha Ghosh, Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`
`
`
`[1b] receiving the first signal at the re-
`[lb] receiving the first signal at the re-
`ceiver;
`ceiver;
`
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including receiving the first signal at the receiver.
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including receiving the first signal at the receiver.
`
`For example, the UE receives the initial transmission as described above and below.
`For example, the UE receives the initial transmission as described above and below.
`
`Page 6 of 68
`Page 6 of 68
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 7 of 69
`
`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`Downlink MIMO Framework: Beam Management
`
`P-1
`
`....„.e.............„...-Th
`
`v,
`
`UE
`
`P-2
`
`UE
`
`P-3
`
`2
`
`3
`
`1
`
`4
`
`,
`,
`
`TRP
`
`‘
`..,
`‘.... `.
`
`TRP
`
`/
`
`/
`
`• Initial gNB Beam
`Acquisition
`• SSB or CSI-RS
`
`• gNB Beam
`Refinement
`• E.g., CSI-RS
`
`• UE Beam
`Refinement
`
`21
`
`Forming beam ports for MIMO transmission (TX and RX)
`
`NOKIA
`© Nokia 2017
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018
`Amitabha Ghosh, Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`Amitabha Ghosh, Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`
`
`
`[1c] performing a channel estimation
`[1c] performing a channel estimation
`based on the first signal to obtain path pa-
`based on the first signal to obtain path pa-
`rameter information of the first propaga-
`rameter information of the first propaga-
`tion path;
`tion path;
`
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including performing a channel estimation based on the first signal to obtain path
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including performing a channel estimation based on the first signal to obtain path
`parameter information of the first propagation path.
`parameter information of the first propagation path.
`
`For example, the UE performs link channel state estimation based on the first signal, which includes information that is required by
`For example, the HE performs link channel state estimation based on the first signal, which includes information that is required by
`the gNB.
`the gNB.
`
`
`Page 7 of 68
`Page 7 of 68
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 8 of 69
`
`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`5.2.5
`
`Physical layer procedures
`
`5.2.5.1
`
`Link adaptation
`
`Link adaptation (AMC: adaptive modulation and coding) with various modulation schemes and channel coding rates is
`applied to the PDSCH. The same coding and modulation is applied to all groups of resource blocks belonging to the
`same L2 PDU scheduled to one user within one TTI and within a MIMO codeword.
`
`For channel state estimation purposes, the UE may be configured to measure CSI-RS and estimate the downlink
`channel state based on the CSI-RS measurements. The UE feeds the estimated channel state back to the gNB to be used
`in link adaptation.
`(3GPP TS 38.200 v2.0.0, § 5.2.5.1)
`(3GPP TS 38.200 v2.0.0, § 5.2.5.1)
`
`
`
`[1d] sending the channel estimation that
`[ld] sending the channel estimation that
`includes the path parameter information
`includes the path parameter information
`from the receiver to the transmitter via the
`from the receiver to the transmitter via the
`first propagation path;
`first propagation path;
`
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including sending the channel estimation that includes the path parameter infor-
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including sending the channel estimation that includes the path parameter infor-
`mation from the receiver to the transmitter via the first propagation path.
`mation from the receiver to the transmitter via the first propagation path.
`
`For example, the UE sends the estimated channel state back to the gNB. In at least TDD mode (as used by 5G NR FR2 with beam-
`For example, the UE sends the estimated channel state back to the gNB. In at least TDD mode (as used by 5G NR FR2 with beam-
`forming), the uplink transmission uses the same propagation path (via reciprocity) as the downlink transmission.
`forming), the uplink transmission uses the same propagation path (via reciprocity) as the downlink transmission.
`
`5.2.5
`
`Physical layer procedures
`
`5.2.5.1
`
`Link adaptation
`
`Link adaptation (AMC: adaptive modulation and coding) with various modulation schemes and channel coding rates is
`applied to the PDSCH. The same coding and modulation is applied to all groups of resource blocks belonging to the
`same L2 PDU scheduled to one user within one TTI and within a MIMO codeword.
`
`For channel state estimation purposes, the UE may be configured to measure CSI-RS and estimate the downlink
`channel state based on the CSI-RS measurements. The UE feeds the estimated channel state back to the gNB to be used
`lin link adaptation.
`(3GPP TS 38.200 v2.0.0, § 5.2.5.1)
`(3GPP TS 38.200 v2.0.0, § 5.2.5.1)
`
`
`
`Page 8 of 68
`Page 8 of 68
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 9 of 69
`
`

`

`[1e] predistorting a second signal at the
`[le] predistorting a second signal at the
`transmitter in a time domain, a frequency
`transmitter in a time domain, a frequency
`domain, and a spatial domain, according
`domain, and a spatial domain, according
`to the channel estimation based on the
`to the channel estimation based on the
`first signal;
`first signal;
`
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including predistorting a second signal at the transmitter in a time domain, a fre-
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including predistorting a second signal at the transmitter in a time domain, a fre-
`quency domain, and a spatial domain, according to the channel estimation based on the first signal.
`quency domain, and a spatial domain, according to the channel estimation based on the first signal.
`
`For example, a 5G NR signal with beamforming is a predistorted signal in time, frequency, and space. For example, applicable time
`For example, a 5G NR signal with beamforming is a predistorted signal in time, frequency, and space. For example, applicable time
`and frequency subcarriers are selected based on the returned CSI, and an appropriate spatial beam refinement is selected based on the
`and frequency subcarriers are selected based on the returned CSI, and an appropriate spatial beam refinement is selected based on the
`returned CSI.
`returned CSI.
`
`Downlink MIMO Framework: Beam Management
`
`P-2
`
`UE
`
`P-3
`
`UE
`
`4
`
`3
`
`2
`3
`
`TRP
`
`• UE Beam
`Refinement
`
`P-1
`
`1
`
`2
`
`UE
`
`3
`
`4
`
`TRP
`
`I'
`
`TRP
`
`• Initial gNB Beam
`Acquisition
`• SSB or CSI-RS
`
`• gNB Beam
`Refinement
`• E.g., CSI-RS
`
`Forming beam ports for MIMO transmission (TX and RX)
`
`NOKIA
`
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018 Amitabha Ghosh,
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018 Amitabha Ghosh,
`Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`
`Page 9 of 68
`Page 9 of 68
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 10 of 69
`
`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`Resource grid
`---:- One resource grid per numerology and antenna port
`
`.
`
`f-V
`
`A GLOBAL INITIATIVE
`
`.-----. Resource block = 12 subcarriers
`s--11 One dimensional unit (unlike LTE)
`---:- Resource element = 1 subcarrier in one OFDM symbol
`
`\do
`
`/
`-
`
`-
`=
`
`-
`
`2,
`
`One subframe
`
`Resource grid, 2,6,f
`
`.----",-
`
`-
`
`.- Resource grid, Af
`
`,'-'
`
`-
`
` ---
`..---
`One resource block — 12 subcarriers,
`subcarrier spacing 2Af
`
`........
`
`,
`
`_,
`
`---
`_
`
`—
`
`-
`
`— -
`One resource block — 12 subcarriers,
`
`subcarrier spacing Af
`(NR Physical Layer Design: Physical layer structure, numerology and frame structure Workshop on 3GPP submission towards IMT-
`(NR Physical Layer Design: Physical layer structure, numerology and frame structure Workshop on 3GPP submission towards IMT-
`2020, Brussels, Oct. 24-25, 2018, Havish Koorapaty 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 vice-chairman (Ericsson), available at
`2020, Brussels, Oct. 24-25, 2018, Havish Koorapaty 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 vice-chairman (Ericsson), available at
`https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/5Gtech_4001_3GPP_5GNR_IMT2020_EvaluationWorkshop_Oct2018/RWS-
`https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/5Gtech 4001 3GPP SGNR IMT2020 EvaluationWorkshop Oct20181RWS-
`180007_3GPP%20NR%20Physical%20Layer%20Structure%20IMT2020.pdf). In this illustration, a resource block is placed in a par-
`180007 3GPF")/O20NR%20Physical%20Layer%20Structure%201MT2020.pdf). In this illustration, a resource block is placed in a par-
`ticular subframe (by time) and resource block (by frequency, i.e. subcarriers).
`ticular subframe (by time) and resource block (by frequency, i.e. subcarriers).
`
`Page 10 of 68
`Page 10 of 68
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 11 of 69
`
`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`[1f] transmitting the predistorted second
`[1f] transmitting the predistorted second
`signal from the transmitter to the receiver
`signal from the transmitter to the receiver
`via the first propagation path; and
`via the first propagation path; and
`
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including transmitting the predistorted second signal from the transmitter to the
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including transmitting the predistorted second signal from the transmitter to the
`receiver via the first propagation path.
`receiver via the first propagation path.
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`For example, the gNB transmits the beamformed signal as described in the previous element.
`For example, the gNB transmits the beamformed signal as described in the previous element.
`
`Downlink MIMO Framework: Beam Management
`
`P-1
`
`I
`
`2
`
`UE
`
`3
`
`UE
`
`- -
`
`.
`
`i
`
`, ,
`
`. ,
`
`P-2
`
`(
`
`P-3
`
`UE
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`TRP
`
`• Initial gNB Beam
`Acquisition
`• SSB or CSI-RS
`
`, ,
`
`•
`
`,
`
`,
`
`I
`i
`
`'
`
`/
`
``. ..,
`
`,
`TRP
`__---
`• gNB Beam
`Refinement
`• E.g., CSI-RS
`
`,
`
`/
`
`/
`
`,'
`
`/
`
`/
`
`TRP
`
`• UE Beam
`Refinement
`
`21
`
`Forming beam ports for MIMO transmission (TX and RX)
`
`NOKIA
`
`Nokia 205.
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018 Amitabha Ghosh,
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018 Amitabha Ghosh,
`Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`
`Page 11 of 68
`Page 11 of 68
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 12 of 69
`
`

`

`Claim 1
`Claim 1
`
`[1g] receiving the predistorted second
`[1g] receiving the predistorted second
`signal at the receiver.
`signal at the receiver.
`
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including receiving the predistorted second signal at the receiver.
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method including receiving the predistorted second signal at the receiver.
`
`For example, the UE receives the beamformed signal as described in the previous two elements.
`For example, the UE receives the beamformed signal as described in the previous two elements.
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`Downlink MIMO Framework: Beam Management
`
`P-2
`
`UE
`
`P-3
`
`UE
`
`P-1
`
`1
`
`2
`
`UE
`
`3
`
`TRP
`
`4
`
`(
`i
`
`-- -
`
`,- -,
`,
`
`
`
`"
`•
`
`,
`
`
`
`- -
`J -- ,
`, ,
`,
`
`1
`
`2
`3
`
`4
`
`3
`
`
`‘,
`
`,,
`
`TRP
`
`• UE Beam
`Refinement
`
`• Initial gNB Beam
`Acquisition
`• SSB or CSI-RS
`
`• gNB Beam
`Refinement
`• E.g., CSI-RS
`
`Z1
`
`Forming beam ports for MIMO transmission (TX and RX)
`
`NOKIA
`
`D Nokia zu ,
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018 Amitabha Ghosh,
`(5G New Radio (NR) : Physical Layer Overview and Performance IEEE Communication Theory Workshop - 2018 Amitabha Ghosh,
`Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`Nokia Fellow and Head, Radio Interface Group Nokia Bell Labs, May 15th, 2018, at 21)
`
`Page 12 of 68
`Page 12 of 68
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 13 of 69
`
`

`

`Claim 2
`Claim 2
`
`Claim 2
`- i l,I .. 2
`
`=
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Docum
`n
`
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method wherein the path parameter information of the first propagation path in-
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method wherein the path parameter information of the first propagation path in-
`cludes at least one of an estimation of a delay, an estimation of a Doppler frequency, an estimation of a direction of arrival,
`chides at least one of an estimation of a delay, an estimation of a Doppler frequency, an estimation of a direction of arrival,
`an estimation of a direction of departure, and an estimation of a complex amplitude of the first propagation path.
`an estimation of a direction of departure, and an estimation of a complex amplitude of the first propagation path.
`
`For example, in the Accused Instrumentalities the path parameter information of the first propagation path includes an esti-
`For example, in the Accused Instrumentalities the path parameter information of the first propagation path includes an esti-
`mation of a complex amplitude of the first propagation path. For example, the UE receives reference signals, such as CSI-
`mation of a complex amplitude of the first propagation path. For example, the UE receives reference signals, such as CSI-
`RS reference symbols, and uses the signal to estimate the channel, and reports the channel state information back to the gNB.
`RS reference symbols, and uses the signal to estimate the channel, and reports the channel state information back to the gNB.
`The propagation path impacts the phase and gain of the signal on each frequency tone which is measured by the UE; the
`The propagation path impacts the phase and gain of the signal on each frequency tone which is measured by the UE; the
`phase and gain may be expressed as a complex number representing the complex amplitude.
`phase and gain may be expressed as a complex number representing the complex amplitude.
`
` 3GPP compliant UE must be able to receive reference signals, such as CSI-RS reference symbols, estimate the channel in
`A 3GPP compliant UE must be able to receive reference signals, such as CSI-RS reference symbols, estimate the channel in
`the form of a complex amplitude on the OFDM tones, compute and report the estimated channel state to the gNB.
`the form of a complex amplitude on the OFDM tones, compute and report the estimated channel state to the gNB.
`
`
` A
`
`5.2.5
`
`Physical layer procedures
`
`5.2.5.1
`
`Link adaptation
`
`Link adaptation (AMC: adaptive modulation and coding) with various modulation schemes and channel coding rates is
`applied to the PDSCI-I. The same coding and modulation is applied to all groups of resource blocks belonging to the
`same L2 PDU scheduled to one user within one TTI and within a MIMO codeword.
`
`For channel state estimation purposes, the UE may be configured to measure CSI-RS and estimate the downlink
`channel state based on the CSI-RS measurements. The UE feeds the estimated channel state back to the gNB to be used
`
`[,--„ link adaptation.
`(3GPP TS 38.200 v2.0.0, § 5.2.5.1)
`(3GPP TS 38.200 v2.0.0, § 5.2.5.1)
`
`
`
`
`Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)
`Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)
`As a DL-only signal, the CSI-RS the UE receives is used to estimate the channel and report channel quality information
`As a DL-only signal, the CSI-RS the UE receives is used to estimate the channel and report channel quality information
`back to the gNB. During MIMO operations, NR uses different antenna approaches based on the carrier frequency. At
`back to the gNB. During MIMO operations, NR uses different antenna approaches based on the carrier frequency. At
`lower frequencies, the system uses a modest number of active antennas for MU-MIMO and adds FDD operations. In this
`lower frequencies, the system uses a modest number of active antennas for MU-MIMO and adds FDD operations. In this
`case, the UE needs the CSI-RS to calculate the CSI and report it back in the UL direction.
`case, the UE needs the CSI-RS to calculate the CSI and report it back in the UL direction.
`https://www.techplayon.com/5g-nr-reference-signals-dmrs-ptrssrs-and-csi-rs
`https://www.techplayon.com/5g-nr-reference-signals-dmrs-ptrssrs-and-csi-rs
`
`
`
`Page 13 of 68
`Page 13 of 68
`
`[2] The method of claim 1, wherein the path pa-
`[2] The method of claim 1, wherein the path pa-
`rameter information of the first propagation path
`rameter information of the first propagation path
`includes at least one of an estimation of a delay, an
`includes at least one of an estimation of a delay, an
`estimation of a Doppler frequency, an estimation
`estimation of a Doppler frequency, an estimation
`of a direction of arrival, an estimation of a direc-
`of a direction of arrival, an estimation of a dime-
`tion of departure, and an estimation of a complex
`tion of departure, and an estimation of a complex
`amplitude of the first propagation path.
`amplitude of the first propagation path.
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 14 of 69
`
`

`

`Claim 3
`Claim 3
`
`Claim 3
`Claim 3
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`[3] The method of claim 2, wherein the path param-
`The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method wherein the path parameter information of the first propagation path further
`[3] The method of claim 2, wherein the path param- The Accused Instrumentalities perform a method wherein the path parameter information of the first propagation path further
`eter information of the first propagation path fur-
`includes an estimation of a polarization status of the first propagation path.
`eter information of the first propagation path fur-
`includes an estimation of a polarization status of the first propagation path.
`ther includes an estimation of a polarization status
`
`ther includes an estimation of a polarization status
`of the first propagation path.
`For example, for the channel estimation of the propagation path, the base station transmits reference signals, such as CSI-
`of the first propagation path.
`For example, for the channel estimation of the propagation path, the base station transmits reference signals, such as CSI-
`RS reference signals, from both antenna polarizations. The UE measures the channel state information for signals received
`RS reference signals, from both antenna polarizations. The UE measures the channel state information for signals received
`from each antenna polarization and reports the channel state information to the base station, to be used for beamforming via
`from each antenna polarization and reports the channel state information to the base station, to be used for beamforming via
`distorting the signal at the base station transmitter. The channel state information estimate for the propagation path for each
`distorting the signal at the base station transmitter. The channel state information estimate for the propagation path for each
`antenna polarization is used for beamforming in 3GPP base stations that utilize dual-polarized antennas.
`antenna polarization is used for beamforming in 3GPP base stations that utilize dual-polarized antennas.
`
`The Accused Instrumentalities 3GPP base station antennas comprise multiple dual-polarized antenna elements:
`The Accused Instrumentalities 3GPP base station antennas comprise multiple dual-polarized antenna elements:
`
`
`Page 14 of 68
`Page 14 of 68
`
`Samsung Ex. 1009, Page 15 of 69
`
`

`

`Claim 3
`Claim 3
`
`Public Documentation
`Public Documentation
`
`10.5.5 Model Usage
`
`The O-RU antenna model reported by the O-RU consists of RX arrays and TX arrays. RX arrays and TX arrays
`re