Boating Safety... Bui/t /n
`
`™
`
`ABYC H-27 July 2021
`
`Machinery Division Standard
`
`Hull Piping Project
`Technical Committee
`
`The ABYC Standards and Technical Information Reports for Small Craft are the product of a consensus of
`representatives of government, industry, and public sectors. It is intended solely as a guide to aid manufacturers and
`the marine community in the design, construction, equipage, and maintenance of small craft.
`
`ABYCreviews each standardat least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or withdrawn. ABYC
`welcomes any written comments on the standards and technical information reports.
`
`ABYC H-27
`
`SEACOCKS, THRU-HULL FITTINGS, AND
`DRAIN PLUGS
`
`etpmerican Nationay«
`sf
`¥
`
`"Gb,
`“©
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 1 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 1 of 15
`
`

`

`H-27
`7/21
`
`ABYC H-27 first appeared in 1972 as H-27, Seacocks, Through-Hull Connections, Outboard Water Strainers, Water
`Scoops and Drain Plugs. Revised editions were published in 1988, 1997, and 2008. In July 2014 H-27 was revised and
`renamed Seacocks, Thru-Hull Fittings, and Drain Plugs. The 2021 revision is the work of the Hull Piping Project
`Technical Committee.
`
`Origin and Development
`
`Hull Piping Project Technical Committee
`
`This list represents the membership at the time the committee was balloted.
`Jon Sheller, Chair
`Simon McFarland, Vice Chair
`
`Pat Armano
`Scott Berry
`Paul Campagna
`Steve D’Antonio
`
`Ulrich Heinemann
`Bob Holt
`Eric Johnson
`David Marlow
`
`Derek Rhymes
`Ed Wiser
`
`Membership on a committee shall not in and ofitself constitute an endorsement of ABYC or any document developed
`by the committee on which the member serves.
`
`This standard, whichis the result of extended and careful consideration of available knowledge and experience on the
`subject, was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards and is
`intended to provide minimum performance requirements. The Project Technical Committee that approved the standard
`wasbalanced to ensurethat individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate.
`
`inquiries regarding standards
`ABYC’s Project Technical Committee (PTC) meetings are open to the public. All
`activity,
`interpretations, or meeting attendance should be directed to the ABYC Technical Department at
`comments@abycinc.org.
`
`ABYCand its committees do not “approve” or “endorse” any item, construction, or proprietary device.
`
`Request for Interpretations
`
`Upon written request the Hull Piping PTC will render an interpretation of any requirement of the standard. The request
`for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. Requests should be presented to the PTC in a manner in which
`they may be answered in a “Yes”or “No”fashion.
`
`The committee reserves the right to reconsider any interpretation when orif additional information that might affect it
`becomesavailable to the PTC. Persons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the committee for reinterpretation.
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 2 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 2 of 15
`
`

`

`This list indicates revisions to the standard when comparedwith the previously published version. It is not intended to
`be used independently of the standard.
`It should be used for informational purposes and as a guide to the official
`requirements contained in this standard.
`It is the responsibility of the user to read and understand the complete
`standard.
`
`Summary of Revisions
`
`The main changesin this revision of H-27, Seacocks, Thru-Hull Fittings, and Drain Plugs as compared with the previous
`edition dated 7/14, are:
`
`H-27
`7/21
`
`e
`e
`
`e
`
`e
`
`Scope and Purpose were combined and revised
`Units of Measure section was added
`
`Definitions were added
`
`Requirements from UL 1121 were incorporated
`
`ABYCtechnical board rules provide thatall reports, including standards and technical information reports, are advisory
`only. Their use is entirely voluntary. They represent, as of the date of publication, the consensus of knowledgeable
`persons currently active in the field of small craft on performance objectives that contribute to small boat safety.
`
`DISCLAIMER
`
`results by other means.
`
`The American Boat & Yacht Council assumes no responsibility whatsoever for the use of, or failure to use, standards
`or technical information reports promulgatedbyit, their adaptation to any processes of a user, or any consequences
`flowing therefrom.
`
`Prospective users of the standards and technical information reports are responsible for protecting themselves against
`liability for infringement of patents. The American Boat & Yacht Council Standards and Technical Information Reports
`are usedto achieve a specific level of design or performance, and are not intended to preclude attainment of desired
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 3 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 3 of 15
`
`

`

`H-27
`7/21
`
`27.1
`
`27.2
`
`27.3
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`SCOPE. eee eccecccccceccsecccecneeeeecnneeeccseaeeeececaeesecsaeeeccseaeeeseseseeeeeesaeeeescaeeescseeeeeeecaseeeesaeeeectieeeeeseeeesesesaes 1
`
`UNITS OF MEASURE... cece cececccccecnneeeecnnececeseaeeeeceesaeeeeesaeeeesceaeeesceeseeeeeeceeeesciseeeectieeeesseeeesesesaes 1
`
`REFERENCES... ccccccccceccecceeeneeececseeeecaeeeceseaeeeeeeeseeeeeesaeeeescsaeeesceseeeeseceeeesciaeeeecsieeeesseneeeesnaes 1
`
`27T.A
`
`DEFINITIONS 20... ccecccccccecceceneceeecneeeecaeeeceseaeeeeeseaeeeeeesaeeeeeceaeeesceseeesseceeeescineesectieeeeeseneeseseaes 1
`
`27.5
`
`27.6
`
`27.7
`
`27.8
`
`27.9
`
`GENERAL REQUIREMENTS...............cccccccccceceeceeeeeeeeeeeceneeeeeeeeeeeesecacaeeeeeeeeeeecnaeeeeeesessesecueesereeseeeees 2
`
`INSTALLATION OF SEACOCK ASSEMBLIES .........ccccccccecsseseccceseeeeseesseeeeecnreeescneeeeseeseeessenireeescnaes 2
`
`INSTALLATION OF DRAIN PLUGS |... ccccccccceseeeecsteeeecsneeeesceeeeeseeaeessecneeeescnneeeeceeeeeessenireeesonaes 3
`
`CONSTRUCTION - ALL DEVICES ........cccccccccccecceeecsneeeecsneeececeaeeeecseseeeeeeceeeescaeeeeceeseeesseseesecesaes 3
`
`CONSTRUCTION - THRU-HULL FITTINGS 2.0.2... ccccccccceccececceeeeeeseseeeeeecneeeeecnaeeeeceeseeeesesteeeessiaes 3
`
`27.10 CONSTRUCTION - SEACOCKS2000... ..ccccccccccccecceseeececeeeeeeesseeeeescaeeesceseeeeeeceeeescaeeeecsieeeeesegeeeeseaes 4
`
`27.11 MATERIALS ooo. ccccccccceccnececceneeeeececeeeeecsaeeeeesaeeescseaeeeseesaeeececaeeescsaeeeeseeceeeseeceeeeecteeeessieeeseseaes 4
`
`27.12
`
`PERFORMANCE TESTING - ALL DEVICES 1.0.0... cc ccccccecccccccecseeeeeceeeeeeseceeeeecieeesecsieeeeeseseeeeseaes 5
`
`27.13 THERMAL CONDITIONING TEST.........ccccccccceesececeesteeeeeseeeeecaeeesceeeeeesecaeeeeecseeeecteeeeeseeeeseneaaes 5
`
`27.14 MECHANICAL AND THERMAL SHOCK TEST (SEACOCKS) .........cccccecssecseeeeecsteeeecsseeesseseeeeseesaes 5
`
`27.15 MOISTURE ABSORPTION TEST.......cccccccccscceccsteeececssceeeeseseeeececneeecceneeeeseeceeesecneesscsureeessieeesseesaes 6
`
`27.16 RESISTANCE TO LIQUIDS TEST 000.0.....c cece ccceccecece cece ee ceeeeee cece eeeenceeeeeeeeeeeeceeaeeeeeeeeeeseeciseeeeeeeeseeeees 6
`
`27.17 VIBRATION TEST... ..ccccccccecccccssesececeesneeeecsneeeccseeeeeeccseeeeeseeeeeseeeeesecsaeesessiseeesceeseeeescsieesecsieeeeesenes 6
`
`27.18
`
`SHOCK TEST o....ecccccccccccccccseeeceseeececeeeeeeeecseeeeecseeeeececseeeeecseeeeeeceeeesceesseeeessueeeesceeeesseesieeseesieeeeseenes 6
`
`27.19 OPERATIONAL TEST (SEACOCKS) .........cccccccccccecccseeeeeeeseeeeceneeeescseeeecsneeeesecseeeeecseeeeeniaeeesesesaes 6
`
`27.20
`
`LEAKAGE TEST (SEACOCKS)...........ccccccccccececcseeeeeeceeeeeeeseeeeesceaeeescceseeeeeeceeeeecuseeeecsiseeesssgseeeesssaes 7
`
`27.21
`
`10-DAY MOIST AMMONIA AIR STRESS CRACKING TEST...........cccccccescsseeeecsneeeeceeseeeeesteeeeeesaes 7
`
`27.22
`
`STATIC LOAD TEST....cccceccccccccesetececeesseeeecsneeeecssaeeeseeeseeeeeeseeeeecnaeeecceneeeesseceeeesecneesessneeeesseeeeeseesaes 7
`
`27.23, RESISTANCE TO ULTRAVIOLET WEATHERING TEST.........cccssececeesteeeseneeeeecseeeecseseeesseeeeesessaes 7
`
`27.24 MARKING 2.0... ccececccccecnccececnneeecceeeeeeeceesaeeeecsaeeeccssaeeeecseaeeeeeesaeeececaaeeesceeeecseceeeeeeceeesecseeeessiaeeeseeeaes 8
`
`27.25 OWNER’S MANUAL AND COLLATERALLITERATURE ....0......ccccececsseeeeeeneceeecseeeeeceeeeeesseeeeeesaes 8
`
`FIGURE 1 - Seacock Assembly Static Load TeSt........... ccc cccccecssessesesssssesesesssssseseseaesesesseeeeeseaeaaaes 9
`
`TABLE 1 - Test LiQUidS 2.00.0... ecccccecceccecesseeececeeeeeeecsaeeeceseaeeescecsaeeeecaeeeeceeaeeeseeeseeeeessieeeescnaeeeseeesaes 10
`
`TABLE2 - Torque Requirements for Threaded Connections. ...........cccccccccccccccccccceceesceeseeeeeseseeeeeees 10
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 4 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 4 of 15
`
`

`

`H-27
`7/21
`
`H-27 SEACOCKS, THRU-HULL FITTINGS, AND DRAIN PLUGS
`
`Based on ABYC's assessment of the existing technology, and the problems associated with achieving the goals of this
`standard, ABYC recommends compliance with this standard for all boats, associated equipment, and systems
`manufactured after July 31, 2022.
`
`27.1
`
`SCOPE
`
`This standard applies to the selection of materials, design, construction, and installation of seacocks, thru-hull fittings,
`drain plugs, and other fittings intended for the passage of water in or out of a boat that penetrate the hull at or below
`the maximum heeled waterline. This standard applies to all boats.
`
`27.2
`
`UNITS OF MEASURE
`
`Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory or approximate.
`
`27.3
`
`REFERENCES
`
`The following references form a part of this standard. Unless otherwise noted the latest version of the referenced
`standards shall apply.
`
`ABYC - American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc, 613 Third Street, Suite 10, Annapolis, MD 21403. Phone: (410)
`27.3.1.
`990-4460. Fax: (410) 990-4466. Website: www. abycinc.org
`
`
`ABYC E-2, Cathodic Protection
`
`ABYC E-11, AC and DC Electrical Systems on Boats
`ABYC H-8, Buoyancyin the Event of Flooding/Swamping
`
`ABYC H-28, Inflatable Boats
`ABYC P-1, Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines
`
`27.3.2 ASTM - ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
`Phone (610) 832-9500. Fax: (610) 832-9555. Website: www.astm.org
`
`ANSI/ASTM D638-14, Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
`ASTM G154 Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of
`Nonmetallic Materials
`
`ASTM G155 Standard Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic
`Materials
`ASTM 4329, Standard Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus Exposure of Plastics
`
`SAE - Society of Automotive Engineers, International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.
`27.3.3
`Phone: (724)-776-4841. Fax: (724)-776-0790. Website: www.sae.org
`
`SAE J30, Fuel and Oil Hoses
`
`27.4
`
`DEFINITIONS
`
`For the purposesof this standard, the following definitions apply.
`
`27.4.1.
`
`Drain Plug - removable plug that allows the draining ofthe bilge.
`
`27.4.2 Maximum Heeled Waterline - the level of the water on the hull when the hull is inclined to:
`
`27.4.2.1
`
`for powerboats, an angle of seven degrees, or
`
`27.4.2.2
`
`for sailboats, the level of sheer amidships.
`
`27.4.3. Readily Accessible - capable of being reached quickly and safely for effective use under emergency conditions
`without the useoftools.
`
`27.4.4 Reinforced Hose - a hose manufactured with a secondary matrix or material to increase the strength and
`resists crushing and kinking (e.g., hose constructed with a fiber mesh or wire helix).
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 5 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 5 of 15
`
`

`

`H-27
`7/21
`
`Seacock- a type of valve used to control intake or discharge of water through the hull. It is operated by a lever
`27.4.5
`type handle, usually operating through a 90° arc, clearly marked whether it is open or shut, and is typically of the two
`following types:
`
`Flanged Sea Valve - a seacock with an integral flange used to individually and securely mount the device
`27.4.5.1
`directly to the boat hull structure.
`
`27.4.5.2
`
`In-Line Ball Valve - a seacock designed to be supported entirely by the thru-hull fitting.
`
`Static Floating Position - the attitude in which a boatfloats in calm, fresh water with fuel tanksfilled to rated
`27.4.6
`capacity, but with no person or item of portable equipment aboard. The boat shall include all permanently installed
`factory supplied equipment and options such as, but notlimited to, engine(s), battery(s), seats, engine oil, railings,
`fishing towers, etc, but not portable gear such as flags, searchlights, movable cushions, mattresses, portable fire
`extinguishers, lines, fenders, chairs, tables, anchors, chain, or personal floatation devices (PFDs). Other tanks such as
`water, holding, and live bait well tanks are to be empty.
`
`Thru-Hull Fitting - a fitting designed to accept pipes, hoses, or valves to allow the passage of water in or out
`27.4.7
`of a vessel.
`
`27.5
`
`GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
`
`All thru-hull fittings or hull penetrations designed to accept pipes, hosesor valves, with any part of the opening
`27.5.1
`below the maximum heeled waterline when inclined from the static floating position, shall be equipped with a seacock
`to stop the admission of water in the event offailure.
`
` DOA&
`
`EXCEPTIONS:
`1. Boats that conform to the levelflotation performance criteria of ABYC H-8, Buoyancyin the Event of
`Flooding/Swamping and use reinforced hose.
`2. Hull penetrations that discharge above the waterline in its static floating position and below the
`maximum heeled waterline and use reinforced hose.
`Shafting systems that use reinforced hose.
`Jet and stern drive propulsion with integral components from intake through the discharge.
`Inflatable boats that comply with ABYC H-28, Inflatable Boats and use reinforced hose.
`Pontoon Boats that comply with ABYC H-35, Powering and Load Capacity of Pontoon Boats and use
`reinforced hose.
`Exhaust system installation that comply with ABYC P-1,
`
`Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines.
`
`™
`
`Installation of Exhaust Systems for
`
`27.5.2
`
`Seacocks shall be designed and constructed to meet H-27.8 through H-27.24 where applicable.
`
`27.5.3.
`
`Thru-hull fittings shall be designed and constructed to meet H-27.8 through H-27.24 where applicable.
`
`EXCEPTION: Spudsorflangedfittings bolted to the hull, integral with, or mechanically fastened to the hull,
`and formed with a material compatible with the hull.
`
`27.5.4
`
`If a boatis fitted with a drain plug, the following requirements shall apply.
`
`27.5.4.1. Attachment of the drain plug body to the hull shall be watertight, under normal operating conditions (i.e.,
`removal and installation of the plug).
`
`The use of expandable type drain plugs shall be limited to boats equipped with flotation in compliance with
`27.5.4.2
`ABYC H-8, Buoyancyin the Event of Flooding/Swamping.
`
`27.5.4.3
`
`Expandable type plugs shall be adjusted and designed to prevent inadvertent disassembly.
`
`NOTE:One methodofeffecting this is by crimping or distorting the threaded ends of the adjusting stem.
`
`27.6
`
`INSTALLATION OF SEACOCK ASSEMBLIES
`
`A seacock assembly, including the thru-hull and tail piece, shall be securely mounted so that the assembly
`27.6.1
`will withstand a 500 Ib (227 kg) static force applied for 30 sec to the inboard end of the assembly, without the assembly
`failing to stop the ingress of water (see FIGURE1).
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`2
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 6 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 6 of 15
`
`

`

`H-27
`7/21
`
`27.6.1.1
`
`The installation shall prevent any movement of the assembly.
`
`27.6.1.2
`
`Thru-hull fittings and seacocks shall be connected directly.
`
`EXCEPTION: If space constraints prevent meeting H-27.6.1.2 then one nonflexible component may be
`installed.
`
`27.6.2 Threads used in seacockinstallations shall be compatible (e.g., NPT to NPT, NPS to NPS).
`
`fitting and seacock manufacturers’
`Thru-hull
`27.6.2.1
`engagementrequirements.
`
`recommendations shall be followed regarding thread
`
`27.6.3
`
`Seacocks shall be readily accessible as installed, and oriented so that their handles are easyto operate.
`
`27.6.4
`
`‘If the seacock is fitted with a drain, the drain shall be oriented to permit drainage.
`
`27.6.5
`
`If the seacock is fitted with a greasefitting, the fitting shall be accessible as installed.
`
`27.6.6
`
`Ifa flanged seacockis used, its flange shall be securely mounted to the hull structure.
`
`27.6.6.1
`
`If present, holes in seacockflanges shall be used with proper fasteners.
`
`27.6.7 On metal hulled boats, metal thru-hull fittings shall be galvanically compatible with the hull plating or shall be
`electrically insulated from the hull plating.
`
`27.7
`
`INSTALLATION OF DRAIN PLUGS
`
`If installed, drain plugs shall be located in what is expected to be the lowestportion of the bilge when the boat
`27.7.1
`is in storage and
`
`27.7.1.1
`
`drain plugs shall be readily accessible.
`
`Provision shall be made to minimize galvanic corrosion of those devices incompatible with the hull material
`27.7.2
`
`(see ABYC E-11, AC and DC Electrical Systems on Boats, and ABYC E-2, Cathodic Protection).
`
`NOTE: Where metallic thru-hull fittings and drain plugs are installed below the normal accumulation ofbilge
`
`water, consideration should be givento the installation of a bonding system (see ABYC E-11, AC
`
`and DC Electrical Systems on Boats and ABYC E-2, Cathodic Protection.
`
`27.8
`
`CONSTRUCTION- ALL DEVICES
`
`27.8.1
`
`A thru-hull fitting or seacock shall have a nonclogging passageway.
`
`A thru-hull fitting or seacock shall be constructed to prevent loosening from the hull or shifting in position in
`27.8.2
`service when mountedas intended.
`
`27.9
`
`CONSTRUCTION - THRU-HULL FITTINGS
`
`27.9.1
`
`A thru-hull fitting shall be constructed to provide the necessary rigidity and strength to withstand:
`
`the pressures developed by the expansion and contraction of typical hull constructions resulting from
`27.9.1.1.
`moisture absorption and thermal effects, and
`
`27.9.1.2
`
`the vibration and shock stress that can be anticipated in the intended service, and
`
`a 500 lb (227 kg) static load for 30 sec when installed with a seacock and tested in accordance with the
`27.9.1.3
`Static Load Test (see H-27.22).
`
`27.9.2
`shall:
`
`If a thru-hull fitting or the fitting attached to the seacockis intended for use with a hose, the hose connection
`
`27.9.2.1
`
`have a bead or a series of annular groovesor serrations not less than 0.015 in (0.38 mm) deep, and
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 7 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 7 of 15
`
`

`

`H-27
`7/21
`
`be of such length that a 0.5 in (12.7 mm) wide clamp can be positioned beyond the bead or over the
`27.9.2.2
`serrations of the spud with a minimum of one clamp width from the clamp to the hose end.
`
`The threaded portion intended to extend through the hull planking or shell, and the doubler block, shall be
`27.9.3.
`sufficient length to provide at leastfive full threads engagement with a retaining nut or with the matching threaded body
`of a seacock when installed as intended.
`
`If the flange of a flanged seacockis to be drilled in the field to match a particular installation, instructions shall
`27.9.4
`be provided that describe in detail the intended mounting method, including number, size, and edge distance of holes
`and type and size of fastenings.
`
`27.9.5
`
`The external flanges of a thru-hull fitting shall:
`
`27.9.5.1
`
`have provision for holding or turning the thru-hull hull fitting,
`
`27.9.5.2.
`
`permit the optional installation and use of strainers, scoops, or deflectors,
`
`27.9.5.3
`
`be formed to reducethe likelihood of the thru-hull fitting snagging on lines, and sea growth, and
`
`27.9.5.4
`
`be resistant to ultraviolet weathering, as determined in H-27.23, if of polymeric material.
`
`27.10
`
`CONSTRUCTION - SEACOCKS
`
`27.10.1 A seacock, with or without an integral flange, when installed with a thru-hull fitting shall be capable of
`withstanding the Static Load Test in 27.22.
`
`27.10.2 A seacock shall be provided with a lever type handle and if the handle is removed, it shall be possible to
`operate the seacockwith ordinary tools such as crescent or ordinary wrenches, pliers, or pipe wrenches.
`
`27.10.3 The position (open or closed) of a seacock shall be clearly marked.
`
`27.10.4 A seacockshall be constructed so thatits position (open or closed) will not be altered by vibration or shock.
`
`27.10.5 A seacockshall be provided with a means to permit draining of any entrapped fluid, such as in the bore ofa
`plug cock valve when the valve is closed.
`
`EXCEPTION: A seacock capable of passing the freeze test without permanent damage when tested in
`accordance with the Thermal Conditioning Test (see H-27.13) need not comply with this
`requirement.
`
`27.11 MATERIALS
`
`27.11.1. The components of a thru-hull fitting or seacock shall be formed of galvanically compatible materials having
`the strength and resistance to corrosion necessary to withstand intended and abnormal useto whichtheyarelikely to
`be subjected.
`
`27.11.1.1
`
`Intended useincludes:
`
`27.11.1.1.1.
`
`exposure to the various fuels, fluids, and compounds used on boats,
`
`27.11.1.1.2 exposure to varying temperatures,
`
`27.11.1.1.3.
`
`exposure to moving water, and
`
`NOTE: Moving water mayresult in erosion.
`
`27.11.1.1.4 exposure to sustained stagnant water.
`
`27.11.1.2 Abnormal use includes:
`
`27.11.1.2.1.
`
`improper dry docking, and the like, and
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`4
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 8 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 8 of 15
`
`

`

`H-27
`7/21
`
`27.11.1.2.2
`
`running aground.
`
`27.11.2 Apart made of drawn brass or machined from brass rod containing more than 15% zinc shall be subjected to
`the 10-Day Moist Ammonia Air Stress Cracking Test, H-27.21.
`
`27.12
`
`PERFORMANCETESTING - ALL DEVICES
`
`27.12.1 Representative samplesof a thru-hull fitting or seacock are to be subjected to the tests described in H-27.13.
`through H-27.23.
`
`27.12.2 Athru-hull fitting is to be tested using either a retaining nut to simulate above water line installation or a closure
`device to simulate below water line installation, depending on the intended use.
`
`27.12.3 The mechanical stresses normally imposed on or within a part as a result of the assembly and installation of
`the thru-hull fitting or seacock are to be applied in tests involving the complete device.
`
`27.12.4 For the purpose of these requirements, mechanical malfunction is defined as a malfunction of the device that
`would necessitate repair or replacement, including any malfunction that would impair intended operation.
`
`27.12.5 Two samples of the device are to be installed in a test rig in accordance with the manufacturer's installation
`instructions. The mounting portion ofthe rig is to consist of simulated hull sections of the same material and in the same
`thickness, or constructed of the material for which the device is intended for use (e.g., glass reinforced plastic, steel,
`aluminum, and the like). The simulated hull section is to be inclined 45° above the horizontal plane.
`
`27.12.6 A threaded thru-hull fitting or seacock is to be tested while connected to a one foot (0.3 m) length of iron pipe
`size (IPS) pipe. A thru-hull fitting or seacock intended for use with a hoseonly is to be tested with a three foot (0.9 m)
`length of 30R2, Type 2 hose, complying with SAE J30, Fuel and Oil Hoses, and supported at the free end by a bracket
`connected directly to the specific test table.
`
`27.12.7 A complete assembly, consisting of the samples of the device being tested in the arrangement described in
`H-27.12.5 and H-27.12.6, is to be subjected to each ofthe following tests. For a seacock, one of the samplesis to be
`in the open position and the other in the closed position during the tests described in the Vibration Test (see H-27.17)
`and the Shock Test (see H-27.18).
`
`27.13.
`
`THERMAL CONDITIONING TEST
`
`27.13.1 There shall be no mechanical malfunction or distortion of a thru-hull fitting or seacock, or of any component of
`the device, following thermal conditioning for 50 hr at a temperature of 60°C (140°F) and 50 hr at a temperature of-
`30°C (-22°F).
`
`27.13.2 The assembled sample is to be placed in an air oven maintained at 60 + 5°C (140 + 9°F) and a second
`assembly placed in a cold chamber maintained at -30 + 3°C (-22°F) for 50 hr.
`
`27.13.3 For a seacock, immediately following the initial exposure period the samples in the air oven and the cold
`chamber are to be subjected to a minimum of six complete cycles of operation, their conditioning environments
`interchanged, and then the samples are to be conditioned for an additional 50 hr.
`
`27.13.4 Following this second exposure period, the test samples are to be operated at least once and then examined
`for evidence of mechanical malfunction.
`
`27.13.5 A seacock which has no drain plug (see H-27.10.6 EXCEPTION) shall additionally be tested in the cold
`chamber in accordance with H-27.13.3 with the borefilled completely with fresh water. The valve is to be closed during
`the test.
`
`27.14 MECHANICAL AND THERMAL SHOCK TEST (SEACOCKS)
`
`27.14.1_ A seacock shall withstand mechanical and thermal shock without mechanical malfunction.
`
`
`27.14.2 Upon completion of the final 50 hr thermal conditioning period specified in H-27.13, each of the test assemblies
`is to be mounted on a shocktable within 30 sec of its removal from the chamber and the assembly subjected to 25
`shock impacts of 20 g (196 m/sec’), acceleration and 20-25 msec duration as measured at the base of the half sine
`shock envelope.
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 9 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 9 of 15
`
`

`

`H-27
`7/21
`
`27.14.3 The machine used for this test is to be of the automatic cycling type producing a half sine shock pulse at the
`acceleration level and duration specified. The acceleration and shock pulse duration is to be measured by a
`piezoelectric accelerometer mounted on the test machine platform on an axis parallel to the axis of motion.
`
`27.14.4 The testrig is to be mounted so that the center of gravity of the sample is as close as possible to the geometric
`center of the machine platform.
`
`27.14.5 Following the test described in H-27.14.2 to H-27.14.4, each sample is to be preconditioned to a temperature
`of -30°C (-22°F). Water at 82°C (180°F) shall then flow through the sample.
`
`27.15 MOISTURE ABSORPTION TEST
`
`27.15.1 A thru-hull fitting or seacock and its mounting or supporting materials is to be dried for eight hours in an air
`oven maintained at 60°C (140°F). Following this drying period, the samples are to be tightened as intended in service,
`and the samples are to be submerged for eight hours in fresh water maintained at room ambient, approximately 23°C
`(73°F).
`
`27.15.2 While submerged in water, the test assembly shall withstand, without mechanical malfunction, the contraction
`and expansion forces resulting from intended mounting and tightening of the device.
`
`27.16
`
`RESISTANCE TO LIQUIDS TEST
`
`27.16.1 An assembly or component formed of a nonmetallic material shall be subjected to 30 days of continuous
`immersion in each of the specified liquids in TABLE 1 maintained at a temperature of 23°C (73°F). Following exposure
`to the designated liquids, the nonmetallic materials are to be examined for evidence of swelling, decomposition, or
`deformation and the sample tested for intended operation.
`
`NOTE:If one sample is used for multiple liquids, it may be rinsed with water between each exposure.
`
`27.17
`
`VIBRATION TEST
`
`27.17.1 A thru-hull fitting or seacock shall withstand, without mechanical malfunction,
`H-27.17.2 and H-27.17.3.
`
`the vibration specified in
`
`27.17.2 The test assembly is to be subjected to variable frequency vibration in each of three rectilinear axes
`(horizontal, vertical, and lateral) for four hours in each plane (total 12 hr), at a peak to peak amplitude of
`0.030 + 0.001 in (0.76 + 0.03 mm). The frequency of vibration is to be continuously varied, at a uniform rate, from
`10 to 60 to 10 Hz every four minutes.
`
`27.17.3 For this test, peak to peak amplitude is defined as the maximum displacement of sinusoidal motion of the
`vibration table in one complete cycle.
`
`27.18
`
`SHOCK TEST
`
`fitting or seacock shall withstand 5000 shock impacts without development of mechanical
`27.18.1 A thru-hull
`malfunction or leakage.
`
`27.18.2 The test assembly is to be mounted on a shock machine and subjected to 5000 shock impacts having a
`10 g (98 m/sec?) acceleration and a 20-25 ms duration, as measuredat the baseof the one half wave shock envelope.
`
`27.19
`
`OPERATIONAL TEST (SEACOCKS)
`
`27.19.1 A seacockshall withstand the test conditions specified in H-27.19.2 through H-27.19.3 without mechanical
`malfunction, or the developmentof leakage in excess of two gallons (7.57 L) of water per 24 hr.
`
`27.19.2 A sample of the valve is to be mounted with a thru-hull fitting on a simulated hull section in accordance with
`the manufacturer's installation instructions, and the assembly secured to a test chamber capable of maintaining a
`controlled hydrostatic head on the external opening of the thru-hull fitting.
`
`27.19.3 The chamber is to befilled with water and purged ofall air. The pressure in the chamber then is to be raised
`to 10 psig (69 kPa) and the sample subjected to 25 complete cycles of operation from the fully open to fully closed
`positions.
`
`© 2021 American Boat & Yacht Council, Inc
`6
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 10 of 15
`
`Exhibit 1136
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 10 of 15
`
`

`

`H-27
`7/21
`
`27.20
`
`LEAKAGE TEST (SEACOCKS)
`
`27.20.1 There shall be no evidence of leakage at the points of connection of a seacock when the deviceis installed
`and connectedin accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and subjected to an aerostatic pressure
`of 50 psig (345 kPa) for one minute.
`
`27.20.2 The pressure sourceis to be connectedto the inlet of the sample and the outlet of the sample is to be provided
`with a five foot (1.5 m) length of pipe or hose that is capped or otherwise blockedatits free end.
`
`27.21.
`
`10-DAY MOIST AMMONIA AIR STRESS CRACKING TEST
`
`27.21.1 After being tested as described in H-27.21.2 through H-27.21.5, a brass part containing more than 15% zinc
`shall show no evidence of cracking or delamination when examined using 25X magnification.
`
`27.21.2 The sample is to be subjected to the mechanical stresses normally imposed on or within the part as the result
`of intended assembly with other componentsof the thru-hull fitting or seacock, or with tubing or piping. Such stresses
`are to be applied to the sample prior to and remain effective during the test. Samples with threads, intended to be used
`for installing the product in the field, are to have the threads engaged and tightened to the torque specified in
`TABLE 2. Teflon tape or pipe compound are not to be used on the threads.
`
`27.21.3 Female pipe threaded ends are to be engaged with extra strong brassplugs, fittings, or pipe. Threaded parts
`are to be tightened to the degree normally found acceptable to produce a leak tight assembly.
`
`27.21.4 Three samples are to be degreased and then continuously exposed in a set position for 10 d to a moist
`ammonia air mixture maintained in a glass chamber having length, width, and height approximately 12 x 12 x 12 in
`(305 x 305 x 305 mm) and having a glass cover.
`
`27.21.5 Approximately 600 ml of aqueous ammonia having a specific gravity of 0.94 is to be maintained at the bottom
`of the glass chamber below the samples. The samples are to be positioned 1.5 in (38.1 mm) above the aqueous
`ammonia solution and supported by an inert tray. The moist ammonia air mixture in the chamber is to be maintained at
`atmospheric pressure with the temperature constant at approximately 34°C (93°F).
`
`27.22
`
`STATIC LOAD TEST
`
`27.22.1 There shall be no evidence of physical failure of a simulated installation of an assembly of a thru-hull fitting
`and seacock when a 500 |b (227 kg) load is applied to the end of the hose or pipefitting used to connect the seacock
`to the boat system. The assembly is to be made in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and the test load is
`to be held for a period of 30 sec (see FIGURE 1).
`
`27.22.2 Acombination seacock/thru-hull fitting is to be tested in the as-received condition. A seacock marked for use
`with a s