~ '°'NRCS
`
`United States Department of Agriculture
`Natural Resources Conservation Service
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Chapter 12 Waste Management
`Equipment
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`Exhibit 1063
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`Chapter 12
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`Waste Management Equipment
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`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Issued July 2011
`
`Cat and Caterpillar are registered trademarks of Caterpillar Inc., 100 N.E. Adams,
`Peoria IL 61629.
`
`The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all
`its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age,
`disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental
`status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs,
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`795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`Acknowledgments
`
`Chapter 12 was originally prepared and printed in 1997 under the direc-
`tion of James N. Krider (retired), national environmental engineer, Soil
`Conservation Service (SCS), now Natural Resources Conservation Service
`(NRCS) and Barry L. Kintzer (retired), national environmental engineer,
`NRCS, Washington, DC. The author of the original chapter was the late
`Dexter W. Johnson, professor emeritus, North Dakota State University.
`David C. Moffitt, (retired), environmental engineer, NRCS, Fort Worth,
`Texas, provided day-to-day coordination in the development of the hand-
`book. Substantial review and editing was provided by Donald Stettler
`(retired), environmental engineer, NRCS, Portland, Oregon.
`
`This version was prepared under the direction of Noller Herbert, director,
`Conservation Engineering Division (CED), Washington, DC. Revisions to
`the chapter were provided by Barry L. Kintzer, working for the National
`Asian Pacific Center on Aging (NAPCA) through a cooperative agree-
`ment with NRCS under the Agriculture Conservation Experienced Service
`(ACES) program; Bill Boyd, Manure Management Team Leader, East
`National Technology Support Center (ENTSC), NRCS, Greensboro, North
`Carolina; Jeff Porter, environmental engineer, Manure Management Team,
`ENTSC, NRCS, Greensboro, North Carolina; Bill Reck, environmental engi-
`neer, ENTSC, NRCS, Greensboro, North Carolina; Cherie LaFleur, envi-
`ronmental engineer, Central National Technology Support Center (CNTSC),
`NRCS, Fort Worth, Texas; and Charles Zuller, environmental engineer,
`West National Technology Center (WNTSC), NRCS, Portland, Oregon. It
`was finalized under the guidance of Darren Hickman, national environ-
`mental engineer, CED, NRCS, Washington, DC. The editing, illustrations,
`and formatting were provided by Lynn Owens, editor; Wendy Pierce, illus-
`trator; and Suzi Self, editorial assistant, National Geospatial Management
`Center (NGMC), NRCS, Fort Worth, Texas.
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`Exhibit 1063
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`Page 3 of 124
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`Chapter 12
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`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
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`12–ii
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`Exhibit 1063
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`Chapter 12
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`Waste Management Equipment
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`Contents
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`651.1200
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`Introduction and scope
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`651.1201 Selecting waste handling equipment
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`12–1
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`12–1
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`12–9
`651.1202 Waste production equipment
`(a) Roof gutters (eave troughs) and downspouts ..........................................12–9
`(b) Roof drainage outlets .................................................................................12–10
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`12–11
`651.1203 Waste collection equipment
`(a) Hand scrapers, shovels, brooms, washers ..............................................12–11
`(b) Tractor scraper blades ...............................................................................12–13
`(c) Lawn and garden size tractor scraping ....................................................12–14
`(d) Tractor front-end loaders ..........................................................................12–15
`(e) Skid steer and articulated loaders ............................................................12–17
`(f) All-wheel drive front-end loader ...............................................................12–17
`(g) Motor grader ...............................................................................................12–19
`(h) Elevating-type box scrapers ......................................................................12–20
`(i) Mechanical scrapers for gutters and alleys .............................................12–20
`(j) Conveyors and stackers ............................................................................12–22
`(k) Flushed gutters and alleys .........................................................................12–23
`(l) Multiple function equipment ......................................................................12–27
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`12–28
`651.1204 Waste transfer equipment
`(a) Augers and conveyors ................................................................................12–28
`(b) Pumps ..........................................................................................................12–30
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`12–38
`651.1205 Waste storage equipment
`(a) Storage interior accessing .........................................................................12–38
`(b) Storage exterior accessing ........................................................................12–39
`(c) Storage fencing with gates ........................................................................12–41
`(d) Covers, drainage, and runoff control .......................................................12–41
`(e) Storage seepage detection and control ...................................................12–45
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`12–47
`651.1206 Waste treatment equipment
`(a) Size reduction .............................................................................................12–47
`(b) Agitators, stirrers, mixers ..........................................................................12–50
`(c) Aerators .......................................................................................................12–55
`(d) Separators ....................................................................................................12–59
`(e) Dehydrators/dryers .....................................................................................12–69
`(f) Incinerators ..................................................................................................12–73
`(g) Gasifiers ........................................................................................................12–73
`(h) Pyrolysis .......................................................................................................12–75
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`12–iii
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`Chapter 12
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`Waste Management Equipment
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`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
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`12–76
`651.1207 Waste utilization equipment
`(a) Hauled waste spreading equipment ..........................................................12–76
`(b) Pumped waste spreading ...........................................................................12–87
`(c) Irrigated waste application equipment .....................................................12–91
`(d) Biogas production equipment ....................................................................12–99
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`12–102
`651.1208 Other associated equipment
`(a) Safety protection equipment ...................................................................12–102
`(b) Gases and confined space entry .............................................................12–105
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`651.1209 References
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`12–108
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`Tables
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`Table 12–1
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`Typical pressure washer manufacturer’s data
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`Table 12–2
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`Flush water flow and pipe size
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`12–12
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`12–23
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`Table 12–3
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`Auger (11 ft) speed, power, and capacity for water
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`12–29
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`Table 12–4 Waste pump characteristics summary
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`Table 12–5
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`Approximate capacities in cubic feet of storage
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`Table 12–6
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`Comparison of cover material
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`Table 12–7
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`Picket dam construction
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`Table 12–8
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`Blower and pipe sizing for pile aeration
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`Table 12–9
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`Dryer performance with animal excreta
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`Table 12–10 Approximate waste spreader and tractor sizes
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`Table 12–11
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`Irrigation system selection factors
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`Table 12–12 Friction loss in 100 feet for 3- and 4-inch-diameter
`pipe used to transport water
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`12–30
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`12–40
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`12–43
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`12–44
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`12–57
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`12–70
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`12–84
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`12–91
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`12–93
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`Table 12–13 Maximum recommended flow rate in openings in gated 12–94
`pipe with holes spaced 30 to 40 inches apart
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`Table 12–14 Sprinkler nozzle discharge in gallons per minute
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`Table 12–15
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`Irrigation gun pressure, size, and discharge
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`12–95
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`12–98
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`12–iv
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
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`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
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`Figures
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`Figure 12–1 Major equipment used in an AWMS
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`12–2
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`Figure 12–2 Waste management typical component alternatives matrix 12–3
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`Figure 12–3 Waste management system typical collection and transfer 12–6
`component selection matrix
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`Figure 12–4 Waste management system typical storage component
`selection matrix
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`Figure 12–5 Land application typical storage component selection
`matrix
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`Figure 12–6 Roof gutter and downspout equipment
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`Figure 12–7 Corrugated plastic drainpipe
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`Figure 12–8 Hand tools used for waste collection
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`Figure 12–9 Tractor rear scraper blade with vertical tilt
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`12–7
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`12–8
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`12–9
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`12–10
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`12–12
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`12–13
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`Figure 12–10 Rubber tire scraper blade/diamond groove concrete
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`12–13
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`Figure 12–11 Box-type slurry blade scraper; rear-mounted model
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`12–14
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`Figure 12–12 Configurations of rubber tire scrapers
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`Figure 12–13 Lawn and garden tractor scraping equipment
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`Figure 12–14 Tractor front-end loader measurements
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`Figure 12–15 Tractor front-end loader attachments
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`Figure 12–16 Skid steer and articulated steer-type loaders
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`Figure 12–17 All-wheel drive (agricultural bucket loader)
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`Figure 12–18 Telescopic, all-wheel drive bucket loader
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`12–14
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`12–14
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`12–15
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`12–16
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`12–18
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`12–18
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`12–19
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`Figure 12–19 Self-propelled, self-loading elevating scraper-hauler
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`12–19
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`Figure 12–20 Cable-drive scraper for open alley or under slat floor
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`12–20
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`Figure 12–21 Heavy-duty alley scraper, chain drive
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`Figure 12–22 Grooved concrete to reduce slipperiness
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`Figure 12–23 Heavy-duty alley gutter cleaner with chain drive
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`Figure 12–24 Moveable gutter cleaner conveyor stacker
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`12–21
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`12–21
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`12–22
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`12–22
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`12–v
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`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
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`Figure 12–25 Elevated gutter cleaner with sump to handle drained
`liquids
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`12–23
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`Figure 12–26 Hand-operated storage gate flush control
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`Figure 12–27 Flush water storage tank with dump-type release
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`Figure 12–28 Tall flush water storage for five flushed alleys
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`Figure 12–29 Flush water alley entry from 3- by 6-inch holes
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`Figure 12–30 Large-volume, low-pressure flush pump used in a
`recycle system
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`Figure 12–31 Cross gutter for alley flush water collection
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`Figure 12–32 Manure vacuum
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`Figure 12–33 Auger elevator slurry waste conveyor
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`Figure 12–34 Centrifugal pump impeller types
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`12–24
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`12–24
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`12–25
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`12–26
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`12–27
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`12–27
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`12–27
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`12–29
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`12–31
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`Figure 12–35 Hydraulic motor-powered centrifugal chopper pump
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`12–32
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`Figure 12–36 Submersible and vertical shaft transfer pumps
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`Figure 12–37 Diaphragm pump
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`Figure 12–38 Helical rotor pump
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`Figure 12–39 Air pressure chamber (pneumatic) waste pump
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`12–33
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`12–35
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`12–35
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`12–36
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`Figure 12–40 Vertical piston plunger waste pump with a pipe anchor 12–37
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`Figure 12–41 Horizontal shaft chopper-agitation pump
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`12–40
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`Figure 12–42 Reception storage or pumping and aboveground storage 12–41
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`Figure 12–43 Fabric membrane cover for open-top storage
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`Figure 12–44 Closed-cell floating cover
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`Figure 12–45 Picket dam for open-top storage drainage
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`Figure 12–46 Perforated pipe runoff seepage outlet
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`Figure 12–47 Membrane liner installation for earthen basin
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`Figure 12–48 Cutter-shredder for slurry waste
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`Figure 12–49 Belt-type shear shredder
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`12–42
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`12–42
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`12–44
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`12–45
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`12–46
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`12–48
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`12–48
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`12–vi
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`Exhibit 1063
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`Page 8 of 124
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`

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`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
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`Figure 12–50 Rotary shear shredder
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`Figure 12–51 Cutter blade on chopper-agitator pump
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`Figure 12–52 High-capacity hammermill grinder
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`Figure 12–53 Large-capacity, engine-powered tub grinder
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`12–48
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`12–49
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`12–49
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`12–49
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`Figure 12–54 Vertical shaft PTO-powered chopper-agitator pump
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`12–50
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`Figure 12–55 Vertical shaft chopper-agitator pump and open-impeller 12–50
`agitator
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`Figure 12–56 Open-impeller agitator
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`Figure 12–57 Float-mounted impeller agitator/pump
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`12–51
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`12–51
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`Figure 12–58 Elevator scraper for solid waste agitation and hauling
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`12–53
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`Figure 12–59 Windrowed compost agitators/turners
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`Figure 12–60 Self-propelled compost turners
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`Figure 12–61 Pug mill mixer for dense, solid waste
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`Figure 12–62 Batch mixers for solids mixing
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`Figure 12–63 Floating aerators for liquid waste aeration
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`Figure 12–64 Diffused air liquid and slurry aerator
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`12–53
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`12–53
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`12–54
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`12–54
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`12–55
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`12–56
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`Figure 12–65 Diffused air liquid and slurry aerator incorporated into 12–56
`an induced air flotation treatment system
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`Figure 12–66 Submerged diffused air system with external blower
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`12–56
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`Figure 12–67 Perforated duct placement for gravity aeration
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`Figure 12–68 Vane axial and centrifugal aeration blowers
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`Figure 12–69 Aeration for separated dairy waste solids
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`Figure 12–70 Belowground settling tank, liquid/solid separation
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`Figure 12–71 Wedgewire screen with sloped screen separator
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`12–57
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`12–58
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`12–59
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`12–61
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`12–61
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`Figure 12–72 Static inclined screen separator with incorporated press 12–62
`roller
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`Figure 12–73 In-channel flighted conveyor
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`12–63
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`12–vii
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`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
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`Figure 12–74 Pump and pipeline loaded conveyor separator
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`Figure 12–75 Rotating screen separator
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`Figure 12–76 Rotating screen coupled with roller press
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`Figure 12–77 Vibrating screen separator
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`Figure 12–78 Screw press-type cylinder separator cross section
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`Figure 12–79 Screw press-type separator
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`Figure 12–80 Roller press separator
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`Figure 12–81 Vacuum filter separator
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`Figure 12–82 Hydrocyclone solids/liquid separator
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`Figure 12–83 Geotextile bag separator empty and filled
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`Figure 12–84 Circular tray dryer
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`Figure 12–85 Rotary drum type dryer/dehydrator
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`Figure 12–86 High-capacity drying tunnel
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`Figure 12–87 High-capacity drying tunnel installation
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`Figure 12–88 Cyclone dryer
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`Figure 12–89 Incinerators for animal mortality management
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`Figure 12–90 Gasifier cross section
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`Figure 12–91 On-farm gasification system
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`Figure 12–92 Relative handling characteristics of different kinds of
`manure and percent total solids
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`Figure 12–93 Box spreader
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`Figure 12–94 Cross bar conveyor box spreader
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`Figure 12–95 Hydraulic gate-type box spreader
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`Figure 12–96 Box spreader with vertical-mounted beaters
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`Figure 12–97 Truck-mounted box spreader
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`Figure 12–98 V-bottom rear-unload broadcast spreader
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`12–63
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`12–63
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`12–64
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`12–64
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`12–65
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`12–65
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`12–66
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`12–67
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`12–68
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`12–68
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`12–69
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`12–70
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`12–71
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`12–72
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`12–72
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`12–73
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`12–74
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`12–74
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`12–77
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`12–78
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`12–78
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`12–78
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`12–79
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`12–79
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`12–80
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`12–viii
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`Page 10 of 124
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`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
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`Figure 12–99 Flail-type side unload spreader
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`Figure 12–100 V-box bottom, side slinger spreader
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`Figure 12–101 V-box bottom, rear spreader
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`Figure 12–102 Spreader tanker
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`Figure 12–103 Spreader tankers in tandem
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`Figure 12–104 Vacuum tank spreader
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`Figure 12–105 Tank spreaders with directional wheels
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`Figure 12–106 Towed tank spreader being filled from semitrailer
`nurse tanker truck
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`Figure 12–107 Self-propelled tanker spreader
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`Figure 12–108 Baffle plate distributor on tanker spreaders
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`Figure 12–109 Approximate power for tanker and per injector
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`Figure 12–110 Injector with sweep
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`Figure 12–111 Vertical disc covers for injected waste
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`12–80
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`12–81
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`12–81
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`12–82
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`12–82
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`12–83
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`12–83
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`12–83
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`12–84
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`12–84
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`12–86
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`12–86
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`12–86
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`Figure 12–112 Disc-type manure injector used to minimize soil
`disturbance folded for transport
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`12–87
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`Figure 12–113 Spiked tine applicator used to minimize soil disturbance 12–87
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`Figure 12–114 Tractor-towed hose injector spreader
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`Figure 12–115 Tractor with drag hose application equipment including
`swing pipe
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`Figure 12–116 Hose reels for supply line and drag hose
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`Figure 12–117 Pig launcher cart
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`Figure 12–118 Drag hose surface applicator
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`Figure 12–119 Distribution manifold
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`Figure 12–120 Drag hose injector
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`Figure 12–121 High-pressure centrifugal pump
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`12–88
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`12–88
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`12–88
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`12–89
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`12–89
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`12–90
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`12–90
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`12–92
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`Figure 12–122 Total head (ft) equal elevation + pressure + friction
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`12–93
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`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
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`12–ix
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`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
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`Figure 12–123 Gated pipe gravity irrigation
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`Figure 12–124 Hand move and towline sprinklers
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`Figure 12–125 Side-roll sprinkler
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`Figure 12–126 Stationary big gun sprinkler
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`Figure 12–127 Cable-tow big gun irrigator
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`Figure 12–128 Hose-tow big gun irrigator
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`Figure 12–129 Traveling boom sprinkler/spreader
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`Figure 12–130 Center pivot sprinkler
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`12–93
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`12–94
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`12–95
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`12–96
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`12–97
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`12–97
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`12–98
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`12–99
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`Figure 12–131 Schematic of covered anaerobic digester
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`12–100
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`Figure 12–132 System diagram for an ambient temperature covered 12–101
`anaerobic digester in North Carolina
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`Figure 12–133 Process train for covered anaerobic digester on North 12–101
`Carolina swine farm
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`Figure 12–134 Microturbine
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`Figure 12–135 Biogas flare
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`Figure 12–136 Slow moving vehicle emblem
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`Figure 12–137 Safety alert symbol for agricultural equipment
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`Figure 12–138 Safety signs format
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`Figure 12–139 Fire extinguisher label
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`Figure 12–140 Hand-held electronic multigas detector
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`Figure 12–141 Air sampler with different gas detection tubes
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`Figure 12–142 Self-contained breathing equipment
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`Figure 12–143 Supplied air respirator equipment
`
`Figure 12–144 Tripod, winch, and harness
`
`12–101
`
`12–102
`
`12–103
`
`12–103
`
`12–104
`
`12–104
`
`12–106
`
`12–106
`
`12–107
`
`12–107
`
`12–108
`
`12–x
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 12 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`651.1200
`scope
`
`Introduction and
`
`651.1201 Selecting waste
`handling equipment
`
`While this chapter is entitled “Waste Management
`Equipment,” the objective of the chapter is primarily to
`explain the equipment used with the agricultural waste
`handling, treatment, and utilization aspects of man-
`agement. Machine, implement, device, tool, item, and
`component are often used instead of the word equip-
`ment. In this chapter, equipment refers to a specialty
`item specifically designed to push, lift, convey, agitate,
`or otherwise handle or process agricultural wastes. In
`keeping with the six functions of an agricultural waste
`management system (AWMS) introduced in chapter 2
`of this handbook, the equipment will be categorized by
`the function it primarily addresses. With the exception
`of roof gutters and downspouts, structural measures,
`such as flush gutters, tanks, stack pads, waste storage
`ponds, or waste treatment lagoons, will not be includ-
`ed in this chapter.
`
`Detailed considerations for planning an AWMS are in
`chapter 2 of the this handbook. The major equipment
`used in a waste management system is listed in figure
`12–1.
`
`Wastes and equipment relationships are characterized
`in chapters 4, 9, 10, and 11 of this handbook. The flow-
`charts in figures 12–2 to 12–5 can be used in equipment
`selection and handling system planning. The collection
`flowchart (fig. 12–3) requires that the decisionmaker
`know if storage is needed. This depends on climate
`conditions, environmental regulations, and land appli-
`cation space. However, local, State, and Federal regu-
`lations and requirements increasingly dictate the use
`of a storage facility. The storage selection flowchart
`(fig 12–4) is based on the initial assumption that an
`earthen waste storage pond is practical. The validity of
`that assumption is determined by available space and
`site conditions.
`
`In any individual situation, major considerations of
`equipment selection and use must meet local condi-
`tions. These considerations include climate, manage-
`ment, waste characteristics, available equipment sales
`and service, and the experience and desires of the
`decisionmaker. Small to medium family operations,
`for example, tend to use more daily labor and invest
`in equipment that can be multipurpose (e.g., tractor
`loader, elevator-conveyor, box spreader). Large op-
`erations require more, but less versatile equipment
`(e.g., separator, high-capacity pump, long pipeline) for
`separate AWMS function needs. They typically assign
`tasks to hired laborers to accomplish in a specified
`time (e.g., scraping, agitation, hauling).
`
`Safety must be considered in addition to the cost, cor-
`rect type, size, and practicality of the selected equip-
`ment. In an AWMS, relatively complex, pressurized
`equipment is often used by one person alone. It may
`be used in a noisy, remote location that is in semidark-
`ness and a long way from help or medical service.
`Suppliers, owners, and others involved must correctly
`instruct family and hired help about safe operation
`of the equipment, hazards involved, and emergency
`procedures. Also, uninterrupted electric power is es-
`sential for operating some equipment (e.g., compost
`aerator, flushing pump, biogas production), so a sys-
`tem failure alarm and emergency power system may
`need to be a part of the AWMS.
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`12–1
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 13 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Agricultural Waste Management System
`
`Functions
`
`Figure 12–1 Major equipment used in an AWMS
`
`12–2
`
`Production
`
`Collection
`
`Transfer
`
`Storage
`
`Treatment
`
`Utilization
`
`• Roof gutters
`and downspouts
`• Culvert
`• Pipe
`
`• Augers and conveyors
`• Pumps
`• Picket dams
`
`• Hand tools
`• Scrapers
`• Loaders
`• Gutter and alley
`scrapers
`• Conveyors and stackers
`• Flush gutters and alleys
`• Air pressure and vacuum
`pumps
`• Piston-plunger pumps
`
`• Access ramps
`• Access ladders
`• Depth markers
`• Warnings signs
`• Valves
`• Fences
`• Covers
`• See detection devices
`• Liners
`
`• Cutters, shredders,
`crushers, and grinders
`• Agitators, stirrers, and
`mixers
`• Aerators
`• Separators
`• Dehydrators, incinerators,
`and renderers
`
`• Box spreaders
`• V-box bottom spreader
`• Vacuum load tanker spreader
`• Pipe and pipelines
`• Gated pipe
`• Handmove sprinkler
`• Towline sprinkler
`• Side-roll sprinkler
`• Big gun sprinkler
`• Traveling gun sprinkler
`• Soil injector spreaders
`• Biogas production equipment
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 14 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Figure 12–2 Waste management typical component alternatives matrix
`
`Legend
`
`Waste consistency
`
`~
`
`CJ
`
`Typical component
`
`Solid
`
`Scrape
`
`Push-off ramp
`
`Conveyer
`
`Haul
`
`Manure
`pack
`
`Stacking
`facility
`
`Compost
`
`Load and haul
`
`Broadcast
`spread
`
`(a) Solid
`
`waste consistency
`Production
`
`Collection
`
`Transfer
`
`Storage
`
`Treatment
`
`Transfer
`
`Utilization
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`12–3
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 15 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Figure 12–2 Waste management typical component alternatives—Continued
`
`I
`
`(b) Semisolid/slurry
`
`Legend
`
`Waste consistency
`
`Typical component
`
`[}+0
`
`Semisolid/slurry
`
`Scrape
`
`Slotted
`floor
`
`Push-off ramp
`
`Conveyer
`
`Haul
`
`Ponds
`
`Tanks
`
`Agitation
`
`Pump and
`pipeline
`
`Gravity
`pipeline
`
`Haul
`
`Broadcast
`spread
`
`Inject
`
`waste consistency
`
`Production
`
`Collection
`
`Transfer
`
`Storage
`
`Treatment
`
`Transfer
`
`Utilization
`
`12–4
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 16 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Figure 12–2 Waste management typical component alternatives—Continued
`
`Liquid
`
`Flush
`
`Gravity
`pipeline
`
`Pump and
`pipeline
`
`Tank
`
`Pond
`
`Lagoon
`
`Liquid/solid
`separation
`
`Constructed
`wetlands
`
`Pump and
`pipeline
`
`Gravity
`pipeline
`
`Irrigate
`
`Recycle
`
`Separated
`liquids
`
`Separated
`solids
`
`Manage as a solid.
`See solid consistency.
`
`Legend
`
`~
`c::::J
`
`Waste consistency
`
`Typical component
`
`(c) Liquid
`
`waste consistency
`
`Production
`
`Collection
`
`Transfer
`
`Storage
`
`Treatment
`
`Transfer
`
`Utilization
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`12–5
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 17 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Figure 12–3 Waste management system typical collection and transfer component selection matrix
`
`Solid
`
`Semisolid/
`slurry
`
`Slurry/liquid
`
`No
`
`Is
`there sufficient
`storage volume
`available
`in lot?
`
`Yes
`
`Are there odor or
`health concerns?
`
`Yes
`
`No
`
`Allow manure pack
`to develop.
`
`Collect by scraping
`and transfer to
`storage or treatment
`facility.
`
`Is
`waste production
`area near storage or
`treatment
`facility?
`
`No
`
`Yes
`
`Collect by scraping
`and transfer directly
`to storage or treatment
`facility.
`
`Collect by scraping
`to a reception pit.
`Transfer to storage
`or treatment facility
`by conveyor or pump
`and pipeline.
`
`Does the waste
`have less than
`8% total solids?
`
`oN
`
`Is
`waste production
`area near storage
`or treatment
`facility?
`
`oN
`
`Yes
`
`Yes
`
`Is
`storage or
`treatment facility
`at a lower
`elevation?
`
`Yes
`
`Transfer to storage or
`treatment facility with
`gravity components such
`as pipelines and gutters.
`
`No
`
`Collect by scraping to
`a reception pit. transfer
`directly to storage or
`treatment facility.
`
`Collect by scraping
`to a reception pit.
`Transfer to storage
`or treatment facility
`by conveyor or pump
`and pipeline.
`
`T
`<>
`
`c::::J
`
`Waste consistency
`
`Decision—yes or no
`
`Typical component
`
`12–6
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 18 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Figure 12–4 Waste management system typical storage component selection matrix
`
`Solid
`
`Semisolid
`
`Slurry/liquid
`
`Waste stacking
`facility
`
`Manure pack
`
`Solids
`
`Draining
`liquids
`
`Waste stacking
`facility
`
`Below or above-
`ground tank
`
`seY
`
`Can site be
`excavated?
`
`No
`
`Is area
`available
`for pond?
`
`Yes
`
`Can site be
`excavated?
`
`seY
`
`<> CJ
`c=r
`
`C)
`
`Decision—yes or no
`Typical component
`Waste fraction
`Waste consistency
`
`No
`
`Aboveground
`tank
`
`No
`
`Pond
`
`Note: Use of a storage pond also depends on suitable site conditions or use of necessary modifications to achieve stability and
`allowable maximum seepage criteria.
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`12–7
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 19 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Figure 12–5 Land application typical storage component selection matrix
`
`Solid
`
`Semisolid
`
`Slurry/liquid
`
`Solids
`
`Draining
`liquids
`
`Load and Haul
`
`Is contamination
`of surface water a
`concern? Are odors a
`concern? Is minimizing
`N losses important?
`
`No
`
`Broadcast spread
`
`Yes
`
`Broadcast spread
`followed by
`incorporation
`
`<> CJ
`T
`
`C)
`
`Decision—yes or no
`
`Typical component
`
`Waste fraction
`
`Waste consistency
`
`Is contamination
`of surface water a
`concern? Are odors a
`concern? Is minimizing
`N losses important?
`
`oN
`
`Is irrigation
`equipment
`available?
`
`seY
`
`Does the
`wastewater
`have less than 5%
`total solids?
`
`seY
`
`Yes
`
`Inject
`
`oN
`
`Broadcast
`Spread
`
`oN
`
`Dilute
`
`Agitate
`
`Transfer by
`pump and
`pipeline
`
`Sprinkle
`
`12–8
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 20 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`Different models of similar equipment are available.
`The design and durability needed for an AWMS de-
`pends on the consistency and amount of waste and
`the type and length of storage (see ch. 10 of this hand-
`book). Some examples are:
`
`• A tractor loader used to dig out and load packed
`solids should be heavier than one used for alley
`scraping and loadout.
`
`• A 1-horsepower pump used intermittently for
`liquid milkhouse waste should be designed and
`constructed differently than a pump that must
`agitate and lift swine waste that has been stored
`and settled for several months.
`
`• A spreader for a large feedlot is designed and
`constructed differently than one for a 50-sow,
`farrow-to-finish operation.
`
`651.1202 Waste production
`equipment
`
`Equipment associated with waste production is pri-
`marily used to modify the form and volume of waste
`that needs to be handled. In an AWMS, excluding clean
`water is considered a component of waste production
`(see ch. 10 of this handbook). Typically, this involves
`roof gutters, downspouts (fig. 12–6), lined or unlined
`on-grade waterways or open channels (see ch. 10 of
`this handbook), and underground pipes and culverts.
`
`(a) Roof gutters (eave troughs) and
`downspouts
`
`Although roof gutters require investment and mainte-
`nance, they can reduce the total quantity of waste to
`be handled and result in overall dollar savings for the
`system. NRCS Conservation Practice Standard (CPS)
`Code 558, Roof Runoff Management and chapter 10
`of this handbook explain sizing of gutters and down-
`spouts. Plastic, aluminum, and galvanized or painted
`
`Figure 12–6 Roof gutter and downspout equipment (Drawing courtesy of Genova Products, Inc.)
`
`3
`
`8
`
`1
`
`4
`
`5
`
`17
`
`/~ Fi-
`
`9
`
`I
`
`7
`
`6
`
`2
`
`-(fc::v
`~ -
`
`13
`
`10
`
`11
`
`14
`
`Gutter (10 ft lengths)
`Inside end cap
`Outside end cap
`Gutter corner
`Gutter slip joint
`Highflo® drop outlet
`Gutter bracket spacers (wedgies)
`Debri-shield™
`Top-notch™ gutter bracket
`Downspout (10 ft lengths)
`Front elbow—A-style
`Side elbow—B-style
`Downspout bracket
`Downspout coupler
`Downspout adapter
`A/B downspout transition
`Drip edge (5 ft lengths)
`Drip edge (10 ft lengths)
`
`123456789
`
`10
`11
`12
`13
`14
`15
`16
`17
`
`-© -~ &c/7
`
`16
`
`12
`
`-I ®-
`
`15
`
`H. RND.
`
`K
`
`(210–VI–AWMFH, Amend. 44, July 2011)
`
`12–9
`
`Exhibit 1063
`Bazooka v. Nuhn - IPR2024-00098
`Page 21 of 124
`
`

`

`Chapter 12
`
`Waste Management Equipment
`
`Part 651
`Agricultural Waste Management
`Field Handbook
`
`(b) Roof drainage outlets
`
`Use of a waterway or open channel as an outlet for
`roof gutter and downspouts permits ready mainte-
`nance and simple changing when needed. A grassed
`waterway is sometimes practical. A hard-surfaced
`drive, lined waterway, or grated open-top concrete
`gutter (see ch. 10 of this handbook) withstands year-
`round foot and