`
`PTO/SB/16 (12-04)
`/ Approved lo, use through 07131/2006. 0MB 06S1-0032
`U.S. Patenl and Trademarl< Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COM~E
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`PROVISIONAL APPLICATION FOR PATENT COVER SHEET
`Cl)~
`This is a request for filing a PROVISIONAL APPLICATION FOR PATENT under 37 CFR 1.53(c).
`:jC'> -·
`Express Mail Label No.__ _ _______________ _ _______
`u')i "I
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`Residence
`(Citv and either State or ForeiQn Countrvj:\I
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`Given Name (first and middle (if any))
`
`INVENTOR($)
`Family Name or Surname
`
`Joonsuk
`
`Kim
`
`San Jose, CA USA
`
`T""
`
`separately numbered sheets attached hereto
`Additional inventors are being named on the
`TITLE OF THE INVENTION 1500 characte~ maxi:
`
`REDUCED FEEDBACK FOR BEAMFORMING IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
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`nmothy W. Markison
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`Austin
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`I Z ip 78716
`I State TX
`I Fax 512-342-1674
`I Telephone 512-342-0612
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`The invention was made by an agency of the United States Government or under a contract with an agency of the United States Government.
`[lj No.
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`
`SIGNATURE fTimothy W. Marldson/
`
`Date 4-21-05
`
`TYPED or PRINTED NAME Timothy W. Marklson
`
`REGISTRATION NO . ..a3'-"3"'5"'34'-'---- - - - - (cid:173)
`/if appropriate/
`TELEPHONE 512-342-0612
`Docket Number: BP4637
`USE ONLY FOR FILING A PROVISIONAL APPL/CATION FOR PATENT=--="---- -- - -(cid:173)
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`BEST AVAILABLE COPY
`
`
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`TITLE OF THE INVENTION
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`REDUCED FEEDBACK FOR BEAMFORMrNG rN A WIRELESS
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`COMMUNICATION
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`BACKGROUND OF THE rNVENTION
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`TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE rNVENTION
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`This invention relates generally to wireless communication systems and more
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`particularly to wireless communications using beamforming.
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`10
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`DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
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`Communication systems are known
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`to support wireless and wire
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`lined
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`communications between wireless and/or wire lined communication devices. Such
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`communication systems range from national and/or international cellular telephone
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`systems to the Internet to point-to-point in-home wireless networks. Each type of
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`communication system is constructed, and hence operates, in accordance with one or
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`more communication standards. For instance, wireless communication systems may
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`operate in accordance with one or more standards including, but not limited to, IEEE
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`802.11 , Bluetooth, advanced mobile phone services (AMPS), digital AMPS, global
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`system for mobile communications (GSM), code division multiple access (CDMA), local
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`multi-point distribution systems (LMDS), multi-channel-multi-point distribution systems
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`(MMDS), and/or variations thereof.
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`Depending on the
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`type of wireless communication system, a wireless
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`communication device, such as a cellular telephone, two-way radio, personal digital
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`assistant (PDA), personal computer (PC),
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`laptop computer, home entertainment
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`equipment, et cetera communicates directly or
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`indirectly with other wireless
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`communication devices. For direct communications (also known as point-to-point
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`communications), the participating wireless communication devices tune their receivers
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`and transmitters to the same channel or channels (e.g., one of the plurality of radio
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`frequency (RF) carriers of the wireless communication system) and communicate over
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`that channel(s). For indirect wireless communications, each wireless communication
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`device communicates directly with an associated base station (e.g., for cellular services)
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`and/or an associated access point (e.g., for an in-home or in-building wireless network)
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`via an assigned channel. To complete a communication connection between the wireless
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`communication devices, the associated base stations and/or associated access points
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`communicate with each other directly, via a system controller, via the public switch
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`telephone network, via the Internet, and/or via some other wide area network.
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`For each wireless communication device
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`to participate
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`in wireless
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`communications, it includes a built-in radio transceiver (i.e., receiver and transmitter) or
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`is coupled to an associated radio transceiver (e.g., a station for in-home and/or in-building
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`wireless communication networks, RF modem, etc.). As is known, the receiver is
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`coupled to the antenna and includes a low noise amplifier, one or more intermediate
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`frequency stages, a filtering stage, and a data recovery stage. The low noise amplifier
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`receives inbound RF signals via the antenna and amplifies then. The one or more
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`intermediate frequency stages mix the amplified RF signals with one or more local
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`oscillations to convert the amplified RF signal into baseband signals or intermediate
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`frequency (IF) signals. The filtering stage filters the baseband signals or the IF signals to
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`attenuate unwanted out of band signals to produce filtered signals. The data recovery
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`stage recovers raw data from the filtered signals in accordance with the particular
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`wireless communication standard.
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`As is also known, the transmitter includes a data modulation stage, one or more
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`intermediate frequency stages, and a power amplifier. The data modulation stage
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`converts raw data into baseband signals in accordance with a particular wireless
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`communication standard.
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`The one or more intermediate frequency stages mix the
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`baseband signals with one or more local oscillations to produce RF signals. The power
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`amplifier amplifies the RF signals prior to transmission via an antenna.
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`In many systems, the transmitter will include one antenna for transmitting the RF
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`signals, which are received by a single antenna, or multiple antennas, of a receiver.
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`When the receiver includes two or more antennas, the receiver will select one of them to
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`receive the incoming RF signals. In this instance, the wireless communication between
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`the transmitter and receiver is a single-output-single-input (SISO) communication, even
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`if the receiver includes multiple antennas that are used as diversity antennas (i.e.,
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`5
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`selecting one of them to receive the incoming RF signals). For SISO wireless
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`communications, a transceiver includes one transmitter and one receiver. Currently, most
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`wireless local area networks (WLAN) that are IEEE 802.11, 802.lla,_802,llb, or
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`802.11 g employ SISO wireless communications.
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`IO
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`Other types of wireless communications include single-input-multiple-output
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`(SIMO), multiple-input-single-output
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`(MISO), and multiple-input-multiple-output
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`(MIMO).
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`In a SIMO wireless communication, a single transmitter processes data into
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`radio frequency signals that are transmitted to a receiver. The receiver includes two or
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`more antennas and two or more receiver paths. Each of the antennas receives the RF
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`signals and provides them to a corresponding receiver path ( e.g., LNA, down conversion
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`module, filters, and ADCs). Each of the receiver paths processes the received RF signals
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`to produce digital signals, which are combined and then processed to recapture the
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`transmitted data.
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`For a multiple-input-single-output
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`(MISO) wireless communication,
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`the
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`transmitter includes two or more transmission paths (e.g., digital to analog converter,
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`filters, up-conversion module, and a power amplifier) that each converts a corresponding
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`portion of baseband signals into RF signals, which are transmitted via corresponding
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`antennas to a receiver. The receiver includes a single receiver path that receives the
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`25 multiple RF signals from the transmitter. In this instance, the receiver uses beam forming
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`to combine the multiple RF signals into one signal for processing.
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`For a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication, the
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`transmitter and receiver each include multiple paths.
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`In such a communication, the
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`30
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`transmitter parallel processes data using a spatial and time encoding function to produce
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`two or more streams of data. The transmitter includes multiple transmission paths to
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`3
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`convert each stream of data into multiple RF signals. The receiver receives the multiple
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`RF signals via multiple receiver paths that recapture the streams of data utilizing a spatial
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`and time decoding function. The recaptured streams of data are combined and
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`subsequently processed to recover the original data.
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`To further improve wireless communications, transceivers may incorporate
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`beamfonning.
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`In general, beamfonning is a processing technique to create a focused
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`antenna beam by shifting a signal in time or in phase to provide gain of the signal in a
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`desired direction and to attenuate the signal in other directions. In order for a transmitter
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`IO
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`to properly implement beamfonning, it needs to know properties of the channel over
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`which the wireless communication is conveyed. Accordingly, the receiver must provide
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`feedback infonnation for the transmitter to detennine the properties of the channel. The
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`feedback infonnation may be sent as a receiver detennined beamfonning matrix (V) if a
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`singular value decomposition can be determined or it may be sent as a channel matrix
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`(H). In either case, the feedback information is substantial in size and includes Cartesian
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`coordinates for the matrix values. Such Cartesian coordinates leads to unevenly spaced
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`angles.
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`Therefore, a need exists for a method and apparatus for reducing beamforming
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`feedback infonnation for wireless communications.
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`BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
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`The present invention is directed to apparatus and methods of operation that are
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`further described in the following Brief Description of the Drawings, the Detailed
`
`25 Description of the Invention, and the claims. Other features and advantages of the
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`present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the
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`invention made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE ORA WINGS
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`Figure I is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication system in
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`accordance with the present invention;
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device in
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`accordance with the present invention;
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`Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of another wireless communication device
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`in accordance with the present invention;
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`Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of baseband transmit processing m
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`accordance with the present invention;
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`Figure 5 is a schematic block diagram of baseband receive processing in
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`accordance with the present invention; and
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`Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of a beamforming wireless communication
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`15
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`in accordance with the present invention.
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`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
`
`Figure I is a schematic block diagram illustrating a communication system 10 that
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`includes a plurality of base stations and/or access points 12, 16, a plurality of wireless
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`20
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`communication devices 18-32 and a network hardware component 34. Note that the
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`network hardware 34, which may be a router, switch, bridge, modem, system controller,
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`et cetera provides a wide area network connection 42 for the communication system 10.
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`Further note that the wireless communication devices 18-32 may be laptop host
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`computers 18 and 26, personal digital assistant hosts 20 and 30, personal computer hosts
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`25
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`24 and 32 and/or cellular telephone hosts 22 and 28. The details of the wireless
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`communication devices will be described in greater detail with reference to Figure 2.
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`Wireless communication devices 22, 23, and 24 are located within an independent
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`basic service set (IBSS) area and communicate directly (i.e., point to point).
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`In this
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`30
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`configuration, these devices 22, 23, and 24 may only communicate with each other. To
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`communicate with other wireless communication devices within the system 10 or to
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`5
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`communicate outside of the system I 0, the devices 22, 23, and/or 24 need to affiliate with
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`one of the base stations or access points 12 or 16.
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`The base stations or access points 12, 16 are located within basic service set
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`5
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`(BSS) areas 11 and 13, respectively, and are operably coupled to the network hardware
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`34 via local area network connections 36, 38. Such a connection provides the base •
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`station or access point 12 16 with connectivity to other devices within the system 10 and ·
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`provides connectivity to other networks via the WAN connection 42. To communicate
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`with the wireless communication devices within its BSS 11 or 13, each of the base
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`IO
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`stations or access points 12-16 has an associated antenna or antenna array. For instance,
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`base station or access point I 2 wirelessly communicates with wireless communication
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`devices 18 and 20 while base station or access point 16 wirelessly communicates with
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`wireless communication devices 26 - 32. Typically, the wireless communication devices
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`register with a particular base station or access point 12, 16 to receive services from the
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`15
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`communication system 10.
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`Typically, base stations are used for cellular telephone systems and like-type
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`systems, while access points are used for in-home or in-building wireless networks (e.g.,
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`IEEE 802.11 and versions thereof, Bluetooth, and/or any other type of radio frequency
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`20
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`based network protocol). Regardless of the particular type of communication system,
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`each wireless communication device includes a built-in radio and/or is coupled to a radio.
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`Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a wireless communication
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`device that includes the host device 18-32 and an associated radio 60. For cellular
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`25
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`telephone hosts, the radio 60 is a built-in component. For personal digital assistants
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`hosts, laptop hosts, and/or personal computer hosts, the radio 60 may be built-in or an
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`externally coupled component.
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`As illustrated, the host device 18-32 includes a processing module 50, memory
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`30
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`52, a radio interface 54, an input interface 58, and an output interface 56. The processing
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`module 50 and memory 52 execute the corresponding instructions that are typically done
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`6
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`
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`by the host device. For example, for a cellular telephone host device, the processing
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`module .50 performs the corresponding communication functions in accordance with a
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`particular cellular telephone standard.
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`5
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`The radio interface 54 allows data to be received from and sent to the radio 60.
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`For data received from the radio 60 (e.g., inbound data), the radio interface 54 provides
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`the data to the processing module 50 for further processing and/or routing to the output
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`interface 56. The output interface 56 provides connectivity to an output display device
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`such as a display, monitor, speakers, et cetera such that the received data may be
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`IO
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`displayed. The radio interface 54 also provides data from the processing module 50 to
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`the radio 60. The processing module 50 may receive the outbound data from an input
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`device such as a keyboard, keypad, microphone, et cetera via the input interface 58 or
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`generate the data itself. For data received via the input interface 58, the processing
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`module 50 may perform a corresponding host function on the data and/or route it to the
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`15
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`radio 60 via the radio interface 54.
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`Radio 60 includes a host interface 62, digital receiver processing module 64, an
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`analog-to-digital converter 66, a high pass and low pass filter module 68, an IF mixing
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`down conversion stage 70, a receiver filter 71, a
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`low noise amplifier 72, a
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`20
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`transmitter/receiver switch 73, a local oscillation module 74, memory 75, a digital
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`transmitter processing module 76, a digital-to-analog converter 78, a filtering/gain
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`module 80, an IF mixing up conversion stage 82, a power amplifier 84, a transmitter filter
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`module 85, a channel bandwidth adjust module 87, and an antenna 86. The antenna 86
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`may be a single antenna that is shared by the transmit and receive paths as regulated by
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`25
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`the Tx/Rx switch 73, or may include separate antennas for the transmit path and receive
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`path. The antenna implementation will depend on the particular standard to which the
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`wireless communication device is compliant.
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`The digital receiver processing module 64 and the digital transmitter processing
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`30 module 76, in combination with operational instructions stored in memory 75, execute
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`digital receiver functions and digital transmitter functions, respectively. The digital
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`
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`receiver functions include, but are not limited to, digital intennediate frequency to
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`baseband conversion, demodulation, constellation demapping, decoding, and/or
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`descrambling. The digital transmitter functions include, but are not limited to,
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`scrambling, encoding, constellation mapping, modulation, and/or digital baseband to IF
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`5
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`conversion. The digital receiver and transmitter processing modules 64 and 76 may be
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`implemented using a shared processing device, individual processing devices, or a
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`plurality of processing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor,
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`micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field
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`programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry,
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`10
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`analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog
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`and/or digital) based on operational instructions. The memory 75 may be a single
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`memory device or a plurality of memory devices. Such a memory device may be a read(cid:173)
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`only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static
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`memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital
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`15
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`information. Note that when the processing module 64 and/or 76 implements one or
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`more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic
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`circuitry, the memory storing the corresponding operational instructions is embedded
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`with the circuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or
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`logic circuitry.
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`20
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`In operation, the radio 60 receives outbound data 94 from the host device via the
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`host interface 62. The host interface 62 routes the outbound data 94 to the digital
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`transmitter processing module 76, which processes the outbound data 94 in accordance
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`with a particular wireless communication standard ( e.g., IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, et
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`25
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`cetera) to produce outbound baseband signals 96. The outbound baseband signals 96 will
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`be digital base-band signals (e.g., have a zero IF) or a digital low IF signals, where the
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`low IF typically will be in the frequency range of one hundred kilohertz to a few
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`megahertz.
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`30
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`The digital-to-analog converter 78 converts the outbound baseband signals 96
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`from the digital domain to the analog domain. The filtering/gain module 80 filters and/or
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`8
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`adjusts the gain of the analog signals prior to providing it to the lF mixing stage 82. The
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`IF mixing stage 82 converts the analog baseband or low IF signals into RF signals based
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`on a transmitter local oscillation 83 provided by local oscillation module 74. The power
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`amplifier 84 amplifies the RF signals to produce outbound RF signals 98, which are
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`5
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`filtered by the transmitter filter module 85. The antenna 86 transmits the outbound RF
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`signals 98 to .a targeted device such as a base station, an access point and/or another
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`wireless communication device.
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`The radio 60 also receives inbound RF signals 88 via the antenna 86, which were
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`IO
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`transmitted by a base station, an access point, or another wireless communication device.
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`The antenna 86 provides the inbound RF signals 88 to the receiver filter module 71 via
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`the Tx/Rx switch 73, where the Rx filter 7 I bandpass filters the inbound RF signals 88.
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`The Rx filter 71 provides the filtered RF signals to low noise amplifier 72, which
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`amplifies the signals 88 to produce an amplified inbound RF signals. The low noise
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`15
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`amplifier 72 provides the amplified inbound RF signals to the IF mixing module 70,
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`which directly converts the amplified inbound RF signals into an inbound low IF signals
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`or baseband signals based on a receiver local oscillation 81 provided by local oscillation
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`module 74. The down conversion module 70 provides the inbound low IF signals or
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`baseband signals to the filtering/gain module 68. The high pass and low pass filter
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`20 module 68 filters, based on settings provided by the channel bandwidth adjust module 87,
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`the inbound low IF signals or the inbound baseband signals to produce filtered inbound
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`signals.
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`The analog-to-digital converter 66 converts the filtered inbound signals from the
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`25
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`analog domain to the digital domain to produce inbound baseband signals 90, where the
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`inbound baseband signals 90 will be digital base-band signals or digital low IF signals,
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`where the low IF typically will be in the frequency range of one hundred kilohertz to a
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`few megahertz.. The digital receiver processing module 64, based on settings provided
`
`by the channel bandwidth adjust module 87, decodes, descrambles, demaps, and/or
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`30
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`demodulates the inbound baseband signals 90 to recapture inbound data 92 in accordance
`
`with the particular wireless communication standard being implemented by radio 60.
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`9
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`
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`The host interface 62 provides the recaptured inbound data 92 to the host device 18-32
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`via the radio interface 54.
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`As one of average skill in the art will appreciate, the wireless communication
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`5
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`device of figure 2 may be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. For
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`example, the host device may be implemented on one integrated circuit, the digital
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`receiver processing module 64, the digital transmitter processing module 76 and memory
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`75 may be implemented on a second integrated circuit, and the remaining components of
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`the radio 60, less the antenna 86, may be implemented on a third integrated circuit. As an
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`IO
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`alternate example, the radio 60 may be implemented on a single integrated circuit. As yet
`
`another example, the processing module 50 of the host device and the digital receiver and
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`transmitter processing modules 64 and 76 may be a common processing device
`
`implemented on a single integrated circuit. Further, the memory 52 and memory 75 may
`
`be implemented on a single integrated circuit and/or on the same integrated circuit as the
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`15
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`common processing modules of processing module 50 and the digital receiver and
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`transmitter processing module 64 and 76.
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`Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a wireless communication
`
`device that includes the host device 18-32 and an associated radio 60. For cellular
`
`20
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`telephone hosts, the radio 60 is a built-in component. For personal digital assistants
`
`hosts, laptop hosts, and/or personal computer hosts, the radio 60 may be built-in or an
`
`externally coupled component.
`
`As illustrated, the host device 18-32 includes a processing module 50, memory
`
`25
`
`52, radio interface 54, input interface 58 and output interface 56. The processing module
`
`50 and memory 52 execute the corresponding instructions that are typically done by the
`
`host device. For example, for a cellular telephone host device, the processing module 50
`
`performs the corresponding communication functions in accordance with a particular
`
`cellular telephone standard.
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`30
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`10
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`
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
`
`The radio interface 54 allows data to be received from and sent to the radio 60.
`
`For data received from the radio 60 (e.g., inbound data), the radio interface 54 provides
`
`the data to the processing module 50 for further processing and/or routing to the output
`
`interface 56. The output interface 56 provides connectivity to an output display device
`
`5
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`such as a display, monitor, speakers, et cetera such that the received data may be
`
`displayed. The radio interface 54 also provides data from the processing module SO to
`
`the radio 60. The processing module 50 may receive the outbound data from an input
`
`device such as a keyboard, keypad, microphone, et cetera via the input interface 58 or
`
`generate the data itself. For data received via the input interface 58, the processing
`
`10 module 50 may perform a corresponding host function on the data and/or route it to the
`
`radio 60 via the radio interface 54.
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`Radio 60 includes a host interface 62, a baseband processing module 100,
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`memory 65, a plurality of radio frequency (RF) transmitters 106 - I I 0, a transmit/receive
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`15
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`(T/R) module I 14, a plurality of antennas 81 - 85, a plurality of RF receivers 1 I 8 - 120, a
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`channel bandwidth adjust module 87, and a local oscillation module 74. The baseband
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`processing module I 00, in combination with operational instructions stored in memory
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`65, executes digital receiver functions and digital transmitter functions, respectively. The
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`digital receiver functions include, but are not limited to, digital intermediate frequency to
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`20
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`baseband conversion, demodulation, constellation demapping, decoding, de-interleaving,
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`fast Fourier transform, cyclic prefix removal, space and time decoding, and/or
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`descrambling. The digital transmitter functions include, but are not limited to,
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`scrambling, encoding, interleaving, constellation mapping, modulation, inverse fast
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`Fourier transform, cyclic prefix addition, space and time encoding, and digital baseband
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`25
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`to IF conversion. The baseband processing modules 100 may be implemented using one
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`or more processing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro(cid:173)
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`controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field
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`programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry,
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`analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog
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`30
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`and/or digital) based on operational instructions. The memory 65 may be a single
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`memory device or a plurality of memory devices. Such a memory device may be a read-
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`11
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static
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`memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, and/or any device that stores digital
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`information. Note that when the processing module I 00 implements one or more of its
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`functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the
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`5 memory storing the corresponding operational instructions is embedded with the circuitry
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`comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry.
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`In operation, the radio 60 receives outbound data 94 from the host device via the
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`host interface 62. The baseband processing module 64 receives the outbound data 88
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`IO
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`and, based on a mode selection signal I 02, produces one or more outbound symbol
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`streams 90. The mode selection signal I 02 will indicate a particular mode of operation
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`that is compliant with one or more specific modes of the various IEEE 802 .11 standards.
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`For example, the mode selection signal 102 may indicate a frequency band of 2.4 GHz, a
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`channel bandwidth of 20 or 22 MHz and a maximum bit rate of 54 megabits-per-second.
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`15
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`In this general category, the mode selection signal will further indicate a particular rate
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`ranging from I megabit-per-second to 54 megabits-per-second. In addition, the mode
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`selection signal will indicate a particular type of modulation, which includes, but is not
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`limited to, Barker Code Modulation, BPSK, QPSK, CCK, 16 QAM and/or 64 QAM. The
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`mode select signal I 02 may also include a code rate, a number of coded bits per
`subcarrier (NBPSC), coded bits per OFDM symbol (NCBPS), and/or data bits per OFDM
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`20
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`symbol (NDBPS). The mode selection signal 102 may also indicate a particular
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`channelization for the corresponding mode that provides a channel number and
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`corresponding center frequency. The mode select signal I 02 may further indicate a
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`power spectral density mask value and a number of antennas to be initially used for a
`25 MIMO communication.
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`The baseband processing module I 00, based on the mode selection signal I 02
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`produces one or more outbound symbol streams 104 from the outbound data 94. For
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`example, if the mode selection signal I 02 indicates that a single transmit antenna is being
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`30
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`utilized for the particular mode that has been selected, the baseband processing module
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`100 will produce a single outbound symbol stream 104. Alternatively, if the mode select
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`12
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`
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`DOCKET NO. BP 4637
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`signal 102 indicates 2, 3 or 4 antennas, the baseband processing module 100 will produce
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`2, 3 or 4 outbound symbol streams I 04 from the outbound data 94.
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`Depending on the number of outbound streams 104 produced by the baseband
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`5 module I 0, a corresponding number of the RF transmitters I 06 - 110 will be enabled to
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`convert the outbound symbol streams I 04 into outbound RF signals 112. In general, each
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`of the RF transmitters 106 - 110 includes a digital filter and upsampling module, a digital
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`to analog conversion module, an analog filter module, a frequency up conversion module,
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`a power amplifier, and a radio frequency bandpass filter. The RF transmitters 106 - 110
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`IO
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`provide \he outbound RF signals 112 to the transmit/receive module 114, which provides
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`each outbound RF signal to a corresponding antenna 81 - 85.
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`When the radio 60 is in the receive mode, the transmit/receive module 114
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`receives one or more inbound RF signals 116 via the antennas 81 - 85 and provides them
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`15
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`to one or more RF receivers 118 - 122, which will be described in greater detail with
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`reference to Figure 4. The RF receiver 118 - 122, based on settings provided by the
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`channel bandwidth adjust module 87, converts the inbound lU: signals 116 into a
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`corresponding number of inbound symbol streams 124. The number of inbound symbol
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`streams 124 will correspond to the particular mode in which the data was received. The
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`20
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`baseband processing module I 00 converts the inbound symbol streams 124 into inbound
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`data 92, which is provided to the h