( 12 ) United States Patent
`Spero
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`( 10 ) Patent No .:
`( 45 ) Date of Patent :
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`US011208029B2
`
`( 54 ) ADAPTIVE HEADLIGHT SYSTEM
`( 71 ) Applicant : Yechezkal Evan Spero , Tifrach ( IL )
`( 72 ) Inventor : Yechezkal Evan Spero , Tifrach ( IL )
`Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this
`( * ) Notice :
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154 ( b ) by 0 days .
`( 21 ) Appl . No .: 17 / 152,399
`( 22 ) Filed :
`Jan. 19 , 2021
`( 65 )
`
`Prior Publication Data
`Jun . 3 , 2021
`US 2021/0162912 A1
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`( 63 ) Continuation of application No. 15 / 961,861 , filed on
`Apr. 24 , 2018 , now Pat . No. 10,894,503 , which is a
`( Continued )
`
`( 51 ) Int . Cl .
`B60Q 1/04
`F21K 9/23
`
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2016.01 )
`( Continued )
`( 52 ) U.S. Cl .
`B60Q 1/04 ( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q 1/085
`CPC
`( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q 1/1423 ( 2013.01 ) ; F21K 9/23
`( 2016.08 ) ; F21K 9/232 ( 2016.08 ) ; F21S 4/28
`( 2016.01 ) ; F21S 41/143 ( 2018.01 ) ; F21S
`41/147 ( 2018.01 ) ; F21S 41/153 ( 2018.01 ) ;
`F21S 41/65 ( 2018.01 ) ; F21V 19/02 ( 2013.01 ) ;
`F21V 23/0464 ( 2013.01 ) ; F21V 23/0471
`( 2013.01 ) ; F21V 23/0478 ( 2013.01 ) ; H05B
`37008 ( 2013.01 ) ; H05B 45/20 ( 2020.01 ) ;
`H05B 45/395 ( 2020.01 ) ; H05B 47/10
`( 2020.01 ) ; H05B 47/105 ( 2020.01 ) ; H05B
`47/11 ( 2020.01 ) ; H05B 47/115 ( 2020.01 ) ;
`
`B60Q 2300/054 ( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q 2300/112
`( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q 2300/116 ( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q
`2300/122 ( 2013.01 ) ;
`( Continued )
`( 58 ) Field of Classification Search
`CPC
`B60Q 1/04 ; B60Q 1/085 ; B60Q 1/1423 ;
`B60Q 2300/112 ; B60Q 2300/134
`See application file for complete search history .
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`3,316,442 A
`4,597,033 A
`
`4/1967 Konrad
`6/1986 Meggs et al .
`( Continued )
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`( 56 )
`
`2001070538 A2
`WO
`9/2001
`Primary Examiner Tung X Le
`( 74 ) Attorney , Agent , or Firm - Brooks Kushman P.C.
`( 57 )
`ABSTRACT
`A motor vehicle includes headlamps having a plurality of
`LED light sources , one or more processors , and a memory
`storing instructions . One or more processors executing the
`instructions are enabled to receive first data , including at
`least map data , indicating a road curvature upcoming along
`a road on which the motor vehicle is traveling . The proces
`sors are also enabled to determine a light change , the change
`adapting a light pattern of the headlamps in at least one of
`color , intensity or spatial distribution to increase light in a
`direction of the road curvature ahead of the motor vehicle
`and shaping light based at least in part on the road curvature .
`The processors are further enabled to control at least a first
`plurality of the LED light sources to provide light based at
`least in part on the determined light change and prior to the
`motor vehicle reaching the road curvature .
`33 Claims , 24 Drawing Sheets
`
`a
`
`450
`
`453
`
`452
`
`451
`
`Power Source
`
`Power Conditioning
`
`Transducer and Sensor Pack
`Environmental and Geometrical Data Input
`Wumination Feedback Data
`
`Data Storage
`
`Logical Controller
`10 Communications
`Processor
`
`454
`
`LED Light Source Module
`
`LED Light Source Module
`
`457
`458
`
`456
`
`2455
`
`Switch & Power
`Controls
`
`LED Driver
`
`LED Driver
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`US 11,208,029 B2
`Page 2
`
`( 2016.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2016.01 )
`( 2018.01 )
`( 2018.01 )
`( 2018.01 )
`( 2020.01 )
`( 2020.01 )
`( 2020.01 )
`( 2020.01 )
`( 2018.01 )
`( 2020.01 )
`( 2020.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2015.01 )
`( 2016.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2006.01 )
`( 2016.01 )
`( 2018.01 )
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`continuation of application No. 13 / 357,549 , filed on
`Jan. 24 , 2012 , now Pat . No. 9,955,551 , which is a
`continuation - in - part of application No. 10 / 604,360 ,
`filed on Jul . 14 , 2003 , now Pat . No. 8,100,552 .
`( 60 ) Provisional application No. 60 / 395,308 , filed on Jul .
`12 , 2002 , provisional application No. 61 / 535,981 ,
`filed on Sep. 17 , 2011 .
`( 51 ) Int . Ci .
`F21K 9/232
`B60Q 1/08
`B60Q 1/14
`F21V 19/02
`F21V 23/04
`F21S 4/28
`F215 41/143
`F21S 41/147
`F21S 41/65
`H05B 47/105
`H05B 45/20
`H05B 47/10
`H05B 47/11
`F215 41/153
`H05B 47/115
`H05B 45/395
`H05B 3/00
`F211 29/74
`F21Y 115/10
`F211 21/02
`F211 21/30
`F21W 111/023
`F21W 111/027
`F21W 111/08
`F21W 131/103
`F21W 131/40
`F21Y 113/00
`F21W 102/00
`( 52 ) U.S. Ci .
`B60Q 2300/134 ( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q 2300/142
`CPC
`( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q 2300/21 ( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q
`2300/23 ( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q 2300/312 ( 2013.01 ) ;
`B60Q 2300/314 ( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q 2300/322
`( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q 2300/41 ( 2013.01 ) ; B60Q
`2300/42 ( 2013.01 ) ; F21V 21/02 ( 2013.01 ) ;
`F21V 21/30 ( 2013.01 ) ; F21V 29/74 ( 2015.01 ) ;
`F21W 2102/00 ( 2018.01 ) ; F21W 2111/023
`( 2013.01 ) ; F21W 2111/027 ( 2013.01 ) ; F21W
`2111/08 ( 2013.01 ) ; F21W 2131/103 ( 2013.01 ) ;
`F21W 2131/40 ( 2013.01 ) ; F21Y 2113/00
`( 2013.01 ) ; F214 2115/10 ( 2016.08 ) ; YO2B
`20/30 ( 2013.01 ) ; YO2B 20/40 ( 2013.01 )
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`5/1991 Kozek et al .
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`5,033,099 A
`7/1991 Yamada et al .
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`7/1992 Gross
`5,546,475 A
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`
`( 56 )
`
`10/1996 Byrne
`11/1996 Lodhie
`5/1998 Brittell
`7/1998 Cross
`8/1998 Schofield
`
`5,561,346 A
`5,577,832 A
`5,749,646 A
`5,785,243 A
`5,796,094 A *
`9/1998 Turnbull
`5,803,579 A
`7/1999 Yu
`5,921,660 A
`5,969,754 A
`10/1999 Zeman
`5,983,161 A
`11/1999 Lemelson et al .
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`11/1999 Crawford et al .
`6,046,549 A
`4/2000 James
`6,049,171 A *
`4/2000 Stam
`6,149,283 A 11/2000 Conway et al .
`6,166,496 A 12/2000 Lys et al .
`6,227,679 B1
`5/2001 Zhang et al .
`6,281,632 B1
`8/2001 Stam et al .
`6,340,868 B1
`1/2002 Lys et al .
`6,346,777 B1
`2/2002 Kim
`6,379,022 B1
`4/2002 Amerson et al .
`6,385,352 B1
`5/2002 Roustaei
`6,394,614 B1
`5/2002 Chang
`6,406,172 B1
`6/2002 Harbers et al .
`6,483,439 B1
`11/2002 Vukosic
`6,498,440 B2 12/2002 Stam et al .
`6,499,860 B2
`12/2002 Begemann
`6,528,954 B1
`3/2003 Lys et al .
`6,587,573 B1
`7/2003 Stam et al .
`6,601,982 B1
`8/2003 Begemann et al .
`6,676,282 B2
`1/2004 Begemann et al .
`6,820,998 B2
`11/2004 Chen
`6,861,809 B2
`3/2005 Stam
`7,524,097 B2
`4/2009 Turnbull et al .
`8,045,760 B2
`10/2011 Stam et al .
`8,115,394 B2
`2/2012 Kobayashi
`8,665,079 B2
`3/2014 Pawlicki et al .
`9,398,270 B2
`7/2016 Liken et al .
`2001/0014019 Al
`8/2001 Begemann
`2002/0022774 A1
`2/2002 Kamieli
`2002/0022927 A1
`2/2002 Lemelson et al .
`2002/0039238 A1
`4/2002 Chang
`2002/0046100 A1
`4/2002 Kinjo
`2002/0047628 Al
`4/2002 Morgan et al .
`2002/0047646 A1
`4/2002 Lys et al .
`2002/0057340 A1
`5/2002 Fernandez et al .
`2002/0130326 A1
`9/2002 Tamura et al .
`2004/0052076 Al
`3/2004 Mueller
`2004/0061605 A1
`4/2004 Howard
`2004/0105264
`6/2004 Spero
`2004/0138726 A1
`7/2004 Savage et al .
`2004/0230358 A1
`11/2004 Stam et al .
`2006/0222213 Al 10/2006 Kiyohara et al .
`2008/0136356 A1
`6/2008 Zampini et al .
`2009/0315485 A1 12/2009 Verfuerth et al .
`2010/0052550 A1
`3/2010 Kobayashi
`2010/0286896 A1 * 11/2010 Yamada
`
`2010/0302779 A1
`2011/0211110 A1
`2012/0001547 A1 *
`
`12/2010 Chemel
`9/2011 Doublet
`1/2012 Nishitani
`
`2012/0001566 A1
`2012/0050074 A1 *
`
`1/2012 Josefowicz
`3/2012 Bechtel
`
`4/2012 O et al .
`2012/0091897 A1
`10/2012 Champagne
`2012/0262575 A1
`11/2012 Schofield et al .
`2012/0283908 A1
`11/2012 Kuhlman et al .
`2012/0287493 A1
`10/2013 Kalapodas
`2013/0258688 A1
`* cited by examiner
`
`B60N 2/002
`250 / 208.1
`
`B60Q 1/1423
`315/82
`
`G01C 21/30
`701/117
`
`HOSB 45/52
`315/82
`
`G06K 9/00798
`340/988
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 1 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`Power Line as
`Conductor Cable or Rail
`between Light Source
`Units Also May Serve
`as Affixing Means and
`communications link .
`
`11
`
`4
`
`DLF
`
`13
`
`!
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`6
`
`12
`
`ÕL ??
`
`9
`
`10
`
`2
`
`Multiple Solid State Light Source
`MSLS Digital Lighting Fixture DLF
`
`5
`
`1
`
`1
`
`7
`
`7A
`
`Mechanical Base
`Power
`Conditioning
`
`Multiple Solid - State
`Light Sources
`
`Controller Electronics
`Storage , Processor &
`Software
`
`Optical
`Elements
`
`3
`
`1
`
`1
`1
`
`11
`
`1
`
`1
`
`11
`
`Sensors
`
`8
`
`Read inputs and
`instructions , process
`data and calculate
`
`NO
`
`Performance per spec ?
`
`YES
`
`Change operating
`parameters
`
`Check Time , Sensors & Inputs
`
`FIG . 1
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 2 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`PRIOR ART
`
`15
`
`?
`
`14
`FIG . 2A
`
`18
`
`17
`
`20
`
`23A
`
`27
`
`30
`
`23
`
`22
`
`26
`19 24
`
`16
`
`6
`
`23A
`
`B?
`
`28B
`
`21
`
`29
`
`28A
`
`Q
`
`25
`
`FIG . 2B
`
`@s
`
`14
`
`23C
`
`?? ?? ??
`
`FIG . 20
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 3 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`PRIOR ART
`
`32
`
`1
`
`1
`
`o
`
`lo
`
`Oo
`O O O O O O
`O O O O O O O O
`
`1
`
`FIG . 3A
`
`34
`
`35
`
`36
`
`31A
`
`o
`
`31B
`
`FIG . 3B
`
`32
`31
`
`33
`
`37
`
`31
`
`37
`
`38
`
`39
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 4 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`48
`
`46
`
`44
`
`47
`
`40
`
`45
`
`41
`
`43
`
`42
`
`66
`
`51
`
`54
`
`55
`
`64
`
`63
`
`60
`
`52
`
`53
`
`ve
`
`65
`
`50
`
`67
`
`61
`
`62
`
`59
`
`O
`
`58
`
`56
`
`53
`
`57
`
`FIG . 4
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 5 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`79
`
`77
`
`70
`
`73
`
`76
`
`75
`
`74
`
`you
`ur
`
`71
`
`Joy
`
`72
`
`FIG . 5
`
`81
`
`78
`
`O
`
`80
`
`92
`
`109
`
`91
`93 110 .
`
`112
`
`111
`
`94
`
`90
`
`104
`
`105
`106
`
`101
`
`95
`
`100
`
`99
`
`107
`
`108
`
`97
`
`103
`
`98
`
`102
`
`96
`
`6
`
`98 to ??? O
`
`FIG . 6
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 6 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`129
`
`131
`
`134
`
`133
`
`132
`
`135
`
`130
`
`137
`
`1113
`
`474474
`+++
`< 4 + 4474
`
`136
`
`127
`
`125
`formatie
`
`126
`
`121
`
`123
`
`777774- >
`120
`
`124
`
`128
`
`122
`
`
`
`*** 1777'7 ' ** . 39.mir
`
`FIG . 7
`
`143
`
`140
`
`147
`Betty
`
`146
`
`141
`
`142
`
`145
`
`148
`149 .
`
`LA
`
`144
`
`FIG . 8
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 7 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`167
`
`166
`
`*****
`
`160
`
`168
`
`169
`
`172
`171
`161
`
`162
`
`110
`
`164
`
`165
`
`163
`
`FIG . 9
`
`PLEASING
`ILLUMINATION
`
`300
`
`P
`
`prut
`hing
`
`w
`
`with
`12
`
`TU
`
`.
`
`*
`
`med
`
`INTENSITY OF ILLUMINATION IN FOOTCANDLES
`
`20
`
`per a
`24
`
`*
`
`nh
`
`2
`
`2
`
`000 000 0000
`000
`COLOR TEMPERATURE OF ILLUMINATION K
`
`FIG . 10
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 8 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`171
`
`s
`
`172
`
`170
`
`174
`
`177
`
`175
`
`173
`
`171
`
`171
`
`170
`
`178
`
`179
`
`174
`
`170
`
`176
`
`FIG . 11
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 9 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`220
`
`203
`
`195
`
`209
`
`ILLA
`-206
`-193
`
`190
`
`192
`
`204
`
`222
`
`*****
`
`14:00
`
`1 1 !
`
`221 223
`
`196
`
`191
`
`198 197
`224
`
`199
`
`224
`
`226
`225
`
`-202
`201
`
`FIG . 12
`
`194
`
`200
`
`198
`
`207
`
`205
`
`197
`
`198
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 10 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`240
`
`253
`
`doogoouuuuu
`????????? 0000000
`
`258
`
`240
`
`242
`
`250 249
`
`251
`
`247
`
`248
`
`252
`254
`
`243
`
`FIG . 13A
`
`241
`
`246
`
`245
`
`256
`
`00000000
`
`257
`
`FIG . 13B
`
`244
`
`243
`
`257
`
`FIG . 13C
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 11 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`Determine the Lighting Application and Recommended Practices
`
`Determine the Mounting Height and Surrounding Conditions Typical of the Application
`
`Determine the Area Covered and Light Power Required
`
`Select SLS types capable of producing Required Intensities and Spectrum at Highest
`Conversion Efficiencies at the Lowest Economic Cost
`
`Determine the SLS Beam Spreads
`
`Determine SLS Aimings for the Required Distribution Pattern
`
`Determine Electronics to Control and Power SLS
`
`Determine Lighting Fixture Surface Geometry and Size
`
`YES
`
`Glare Rating per Viewing
`Angle Acceptable ?
`
`NO
`
`Change SLS Beam Spread ,
`Fixture Geometries or Size
`
`Design Luminaire include Aesthetics per Application
`
`FIG . 14
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 12 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`282
`
`274
`
`estudo
`
`WUUUUUUUUU
`
`284
`
`283
`
`2899
`
`277
`
`275
`
`OO 000000
`00000000
`DOO000000
`poboood
`000OOO ÖÖÖ
`OOOOOOOO
`000
`
`272
`
`276
`
`290
`
`287
`
`288
`
`286
`
`285
`
`281
`
`278
`
`270
`
`292
`
`271
`
`280
`
`279
`
`294
`
`z
`
`273
`
`UUUUUUUU
`
`295
`
`293
`
`291
`
`296
`
`297
`
`FIG . 15
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 13 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`317
`
`303
`
`316
`
`308A
`308B
`
`302
`
`307
`
`310
`
`306B
`306A
`311
`
`300
`
`304
`
`? ? heath ?? ? ? ?
`
`?? ?
`ITALA10 * 11uiser real
`*******
`
`? iii
`
`IVE
`#TWITHIEF THHHH54 matem
`***
`
`305
`
`********* omnes mir XCATE ********
`********** ros
`
`
`
` ? ? ? ? ??
`
`
`
` ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? - Effer
`
`? ? ? ? ? + FASHI FITH
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`?
`? ?
`
`313 315
`
`312
`
`301
`
`309
`
`FIG.16
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 28 , 2021
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`Sheet 14 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`T1
`220 / 110v to 24V R1
`200 ohm
`
`D3
`BRIDGE
`
`50 Hz
`V1
`110V
`
`D1
`ZENER
`30V
`5W D2 !
`ZENER
`
`C3
`0,1uF
`
`C1
`47uF
`
`red
`leds
`
`??
`
`D4
`LED1
`D5
`LED1
`D6
`LED1
`D7
`LED1
`
`D8
`LED1
`
`D9 green
`LED1 leds
`? ! D10
`LED1
`
`D11
`LED1
`
`C2
`47uF
`
`IN
`QUI
`
`INO
`
`R2
`30ohm
`
`11
`LM317
`
`COM
`
`NI
`OUT
`
`U2
`LM317
`
`R3
`62 ohm
`
`FIG . 17
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 28 , 2021
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`Sheet 15 of 24
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`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`422
`
`-428
`
`433
`
`410
`
`423
`
`411
`
`413
`
`412
`
`421
`
`426
`
`-424
`
`-425
`
`420
`
`FIG . 18A
`
`427
`
`429
`
`418
`
`415
`
`414
`
`FIG . 18B
`
`419
`
`411
`
`417
`
`416
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 28 , 2021
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`Sheet 16 of 24
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`US 11,208,029 B2
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`432
`
`12
`
`A
`
`?? ? ???? ?
`
`130
`
`134
`
`436
`
`FIG . 19
`
`421
`
`INTE
`
`420
`
`411
`
`1. In
`
`FIG . 20A
`
`FIG . 20B
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
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`Sheet 17 of 24
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`US 11,208,029 B2
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`X
`1447 \
`
`440
`
`444
`
`-445
`
`444
`
`442
`
`446
`
`FIG . 21
`
`450
`
`451
`
`Power Source
`
`452
`
`453
`
`Power Conditioning
`
`Transducer and Sensor Pack
`Environmental and Geometrical Data Input
`Ilumination Feedback Data
`
`Data Storage
`
`Logical Controller
`Processor
`VO Communications
`
`454
`
`LED Light Source Module
`
`LED Light Source Module
`
`457
`458
`
`456
`
`FIG . 22
`
`.
`
`443
`
`, 455
`
`Switch & Power
`Controls
`
`LED Driver
`
`LED Driver
`
`1
`1
`
`!
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`1
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 28 , 2021
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`Sheet 18 of 24
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`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`Run Test Routine of Light Sources to Determine Light Distribution
`
`Identify Furnishings , Appliances , Objects and / or People
`
`Run Lighting Algorithms to Determine Best Practice Illumination Levels
`
`Drive Light Sources to Produce Light Distribution Pattern Needed
`
`Measure Obtained Luminance or User Override Inputs
`
`YES
`
`Luminance Levels Reached ?
`
`NO
`
`Communicate Requirements
`
`Re - adjust Light Source Aimings or Add Additional LS Modules
`
`Identify Immediate Use for Illumination for Visual Tasks or Ambient Lighting
`
`Operate Lighting Fixture on As Needed Basis for User Vision
`+
`Measure Luminance and Glare vs. Best Practice Specification
`
`YES
`
`Luminance within Spec ?
`Glare Rating per Viewing
`Angle Acceptable ?
`NO
`
`Adjust LS
`Intensity or
`Aiming
`
`YES
`
`Change in the Lighting
`Environment ?
`
`NO
`
`Fig . 23
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 28 , 2021
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`Sheet 19 of 24
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`US 11,208,029 B2
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`X
`
`482
`
`484
`
`481
`
`478
`
`2
`
`FIG . 24
`
`489
`
`O
`
`473
`
`487
`
`488
`
`FIG . 25A
`
`FIG . 25B
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 28 , 2021
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`Sheet 20 of 24
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`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`497
`
`490
`
`495
`
`493
`
`494
`
`C
`
`492
`
`491
`
`496
`
`FIG . 26
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`

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`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
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`Sheet 21 of 24
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`US 11,208,029 B2
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`500
`
`508
`
`c
`
`S03
`
`505
`
`502
`
`FIG . 27
`
`510
`
`O pol
`
`521
`O 519- ..
`
`515
`
`511
`
`512
`
`518
`
`513
`
`520
`
`FIG . 28A
`
`FIG . 28B
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 22 of 24
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`US 11,208,029 B2
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`510
`
`524
`
`500
`
`28
`
`504
`
`SOB
`
`25 26
`
`23
`
`3272
`
`FIG . 29
`
`530
`
`531
`
`532
`
`536
`
`533 534
`
`535
`
`FIG . 30
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`U.S. Patent
`
`Dec. 28 , 2021
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`Sheet 23 of 24
`
`US 11,208,029 B2
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`54 ]
`
`ll / = All
`
`5 : 3
`
`S4 546
`
`FIG.31
`
`594
`??
`
`56 ?
`
`563
`
`563
`
`560
`
`564
`
`562
`
`5 ?
`
`5 $ 2
`
`??
`
`???? ?
`
`FIG . 32
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`

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`U.S. Patent
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`Dec. 28 , 2021
`
`Sheet 24 of 24
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`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`Input the Lighting Application Geometry and Visual Tasks to Be Performed
`
`Input Fixture Placement
`
`Determine Illuminance Values for Room Surfaces
`Based on Usage
`
`Generate Luminaire Spatial Light Intensity
`Distribution Based on Fixture Location
`Relative to Surfaces
`
`Light
`Source
`Library
`
`Build Luminaire from Multiple Light Sources Capable of Providing the
`Required Luminaire Spatial Light Distribution . Set Skeletal Structural
`Geometry
`
`Run Lighting Design Software to Obtain Illuminance Results
`on Room Surfaces and Work Plane .
`
`Aesthetic
`Outer
`Package
`Library
`
`YES
`
`YES
`
`Compare Dluminance
`Results to Goal .
`Meet Spec / ?
`
`NO
`
`Select Aesthetic Outer Luminaire Package Design that
`coordinates with Skeletal Structure
`+
`Re - simulate entire light design including the Fixtures
`Appearance .
`
`Acsthetic Design Package &
`Performance Acceptable ?
`
`NO
`
`Order
`FIG . 33
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
`
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`

`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`a
`
`a
`
`1
`ADAPTIVE HEADLIGHT SYSTEM
`
`2
`are highly monochromatic with a yellow - orange appearance .
`A color temperature in degrees Kelvin based on the color of
`an incandescent filament is used to describe a lamp . An
`CROSS - REFERENCE TO RELATED
`incandescent lamp color will be termed " warm ” at 2000
`APPLICATIONS
`5 Kelvin and a Metal Halide “ cool ” at 4000K . In general , there
`is no ability to affect the color over the intensity level even
`This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent appli
`where dimming is afforded . A lamp is also intended to be a
`cation Ser . No. 15 / 961,861 filed Apr. 24 , 2018 , now U.S. Pat .
`replaceable element . Lamps are constructed according to
`No. 10,894,503 which issued Jan. 19 , 2021 which is a
`universal standards which allow for the substitution of lamps
`Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser . No. 13 / 357,549
`filed Jan. 24 , 2012 , now U.S. Pat . No. 9,955,551 which 10 by other manufacturers . Prior - art lamps are thus provided
`issued Apr. 24 , 2018 , which is a Continuation - in - Part of U.S.
`with bulky bases which fit into bulky sockets and do not lend
`patent application Ser . No. 10 / 604,360 , entitled “ Multiple
`themselves to being permanently wired into printed circuit
`Light Source Illuminating System ” filed on Jul . 14 , 2003 ,
`boards or bonded onto electronic chips .
`Luminaire : A Lighting Fixture or luminaire ( the terms are
`now U.S. Pat . No. 8,100,552 which issued on Jan. 24 , 2012 ,
`which claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. , $ 119 ( e ) of U.S. 15 used interchangeably ) is a device which is constructed
`around the lamp to provide lighting specific to the applica
`Provisional Application No. 60 / 395,308 filed Jul . 12 , 2002 ,
`tion including non - lighting considerations such as aesthet
`entitled “ Multiple Light Source Illumination System ” . U.S.
`patent application Ser . No. 13 / 357,549 filed Jan. 24 , 2012 ,
`ics , safety etc. Some LF designs are primarily based on
`also claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.
`aesthetics while others are based on tailoring the lumen
`61 / 535,981 filed Sep. 17 , 2011 entitled “ Adjustable Light 20 output such that the lighting fixture output meets the visual
`task at hand . Between these two extremes there are many
`Fixture ” The entire content of the disclosures are all
`possible designs , with maintenance , fixture cost , hazardous
`expressly incorporated herein by reference .
`and rough service location considerations also playing a
`role . This is essentially why the industry produces so many
`TECHNICAL FIELD
`25 different types of luminaires . One type for high industrial
`The present invention is in the field of radiation producing
`building ceilings known as high - bay lighting , another for
`office lighting and a third for roadway lighting and a fourth
`devices . More particularly , the present invention is in the
`technical field of lighting fixtures . However , radiation used
`for illuminating corridors . Each fixture has its photometric
`for headlamps , heating , night vision , UV or visible light
`distribution characteristics , that is , how many candela at
`curing , medical X - rays and other radiation uses are covered 30 what angle are exiting from the luminaire . Other luminaire
`as well . General lighting fixtures otherwise known as lumi-
`considerations include keeping the lighting from causing
`naires will be used as the primary example while other
`discomfort glare or from being a source of veiling reflec
`irradiating devices such as infrared heaters are covered as
`tions . The purely technical goal is to get the required amount
`well . The invention relates to multiple light source illumi-
`of light at the work surfaces where visual tasks are carried
`nating devices intended to replace incandescent , fluorescent 35 out by man , animals , plants and machines . A LF has a longer
`and HID luminaries in general and specialty lighting appli-
`life than the lamp , and the lamp is meant to be replaceable
`within the fixture . A luminaire is wired directly to the
`cations .
`electrical mains while a lamp due to its need to be replaced
`has a base which fits into a socket by way of which the lamp
`BACKGROUND
`40 receives its power . Prior art solid - state lamp assemblies are
`considered lamps , as they have no provision for being
`Definitions , Terms , Elements
`connected to the mains . A luminaire has apparatus whereby
`In order to clarify the intent of the present invention and
`it is attached to the building structure while a lamp is
`its dissimilar aspects from prior art , a nomenclature system
`mechanically affixed to the lamp holder or socket . Another
`is established .
`Used herein illumination refers to the deliberate applica- 45 aspect of distinction is , that in general , correct lighting
`practice principles are used to guide in the design of a LF
`tion of light to achieve some practical or aesthetic effect .
`Correct illumination or recommend lighting practice refers
`while a lamp is “ bare ” and is expected to have reflectors ,
`to lighting industry standards and recommendations for the
`refractors , shades and louvers to prevent glare and redirect
`illumination of living , recreation , architectural and work
`its rays to increase light utilization .
`areas as described in standards and handbooks published by 50
`Digital : The term digital used herein in refers to the
`industry professional organizations such as the Illuminating
`luminaire concept as espoused by teachings of this invention
`Engineering Society , the International Association of Light-
`and is loosely defined in parallel to the fine control associ
`ing Designers , IALD or International Commission on Illu-
`ated with digital equipment . The multiple light sources of
`specific characteristics provide quanta of power and spec
`mination CIE .
`Lamp : A lamp , other than a reflector lamp , is generally a 55 trum which are smoothly added or detracted to generate a
`device that generates light radially from the source . Due to
`changed lighting effect . The digital aspect arises from the
`the physics involved in the light generation process , it is
`sufficient progression of values , varying by minute degrees
`difficult at the source to gain control of the spatial light
`to produce a continuum so as be non - discernable or irrel
`propagation . A reflector lamp will partially control the
`evant to the user . The added controllability is realized by
`emitted light which hits the reflector but will not control the 60 breaking up the light - production , into discrete , specifically
`remaining light emanating from the filament or discharge
`aimable , and dimmable elements which can be addressed by
`tube . A lamp other than a solid - state lamp will generally
`control electronics for the purpose of affecting the intensity ,
`produce light over a wide range of spectrum . The overall
`spectrum and spatial distribution of spectrum and of inten
`color is a function of the physics involved in the generation
`sity of the illumination provided by the luminaire of the
`of the different photon energies . While some lamps spectra 65 present invention .
`are closer to sunlight and have a good color rendering in
`The overall combination of control capability and discrete
`relation thereto , other lamps such as low - pressure sodium
`light sources yields a digital lighting fixture . The terminol
`
`a
`
`Mercedes EX1001
`U.S. Patent No. 11,208,029
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`

`US 11,208,029 B2
`
`5
`
`3
`4
`glare while a chlorophyll producing plant is not . The equa
`ogy “ digital ” as used herein also refers to the discrete nature
`tion to determine the rating is Equation 2 :
`of the multiple LED lamps provided in the luminaire ,
`whereby , " digital ” control results from the individual control
`W = 5.0-2.0 LOG [ E / ( 0.003 ) ( 1 + SQRT ( La / 0.04 ) )
`of the discrete , i.e. , " digital ” lighting elements , the LEDs , in
`( 0 :) 0.46 ]
`the luminaire .
`where : W = glare sensation on a scale of 1 to 9 ,
`Correct lighting practice : A bare incandescent lamp illu
`La - adaptation luminance ( cd / m 2 ) , E : = illumination directed
`minating a room is arbitrarily termed poor lighting practice .
`at observer's eyes from the i - th source ( lux ) , Vi = glare angle
`The bare light bulb hooked up to the electric power via a
`of the i - th source ( minutes of arc ) from the observer's line
`light switch , causes glare , wastes light , delivering the light
`10 of sight .
`to useless areas , has no provision for dimming and is energy
`Using these equations and correct lighting practice cov
`inefficient . The Illuminating Engineering Society of North
`ering preferred angles of lighting for visual tasks , it is
`America ( IESNA ) as well as other professional groups such
`possible to design from the specific application's illumina
`as the International Association of Lighting Designers
`tion requirements the spatial light intensity distribution and
`( IALD ) have developed recommended lighting practices for 15 yet avoid manufacturing a glare producing luminaire .
`specific applications in indoor and outdoor lighting . These
`The present invention generally relates to an improved
`recommendations and equations for implementing the rec
`illuminator for use both in general and specialty lighting .
`ommendations can be found in the IESNA Lighting Hand
`The term general lighting includes use in living spaces such
`book , Sth and / or 9th Editions ( available from the Illuminat
`as lighting in industrial , commercial , residential and trans
`ing Engineering Society of North America 120 Wall St. 20 portation vehicle applications . By specialty lighting we
`Floor 17 New York , N.Y. 10005 included herein by refer
`mean emergency lighting activated during power failures ,
`ence . Factors in good lighting include lighting intensity
`fires or smoke accumulations in buildings , microscope , stage
`levels which may be based on the age of the users of the
`illuminators , billboard front - lighting , hazardous and difficult
`light , the color rendering capacity of the light source , its
`access location lighting , backlighting for signs , agricultural
`color temperature , the non - production of glare , veiling 25 lighting etc.
`reflections and energy efficiency amongst others . Recom
`Energy Efficiency and Costs . In an example to illustrate
`mendations for all aspects of lighting in terms of intensity ,
`the advantages of an energy efficient lighting solution , the
`distribution , color temperature , color temperature as a func
`total cost of lighting a typical 300 foot by 300 - foot retail
`tion of light intensity and correct color rendering exist in the
`facility at 1000 lux over a 10 year period using state of the
`literature in terms of lighting applications that is the envi 30 art ( 2002 ) HID luminaires is assessed . Including equipment ,
`ronment to be illuminated , in parameters such as lux for
`installation and maintenance cost the total bill is over one
`intensity , CRI for color rendering index and Visual Comfort
`million dollars . Approximately 80 % of this is in energy
`Parameter ( VCP ) for glare . In recent years , the Unified Glare
`costs . The commodity being purchased is lighting , the major
`Rating ( UGR ) as recommended by the CIE has become
`lifecycle cost is electricity . To cut down on costs and also
`widely accepted as a general formula for assessing glare . 35 conserve energy it desirable to maximize the use of light
`While the US may still use VCP ratings , all the lighting
`generated . A Japanese survey of office luminaires ( Japan
`practice engineering organizations worldwide have stan
`Lighting Information Services - Seminar - Save Energy of
`dards and recommended ratings for different activities . For
`Office Lighting - Loss of light in luminaire - .htm ) shows LF
`example , lighting levels of 500 lux and a UGR of 19 is
`efficiencies ( light that exits the fixture vs. the light produced
`recommended in offices while industrial areas intended for 40 by the lamp ) in an open office fluorescent luminaire without
`coarse work a UGR of 28 can tolerated . In good lighting
`anti - glare louvers to be 84 % while one equipped with
`practice , attention is given by lighting designers to the
`louvers is only 52 % efficient . The " utilization factor ” ( which
`correct amount of uplight , that is , light exiting from the
`equals the light flux which arrives at a work site ( e.g. upper
`luminaire towards the ceiling , which prevents a gloomy
`surface of a desk ) divided by the sum of all light flux of the
`“ dark cave ” effect . Attention is also given to the cut - off angle 45 lamp ) is 74 % for an open fixture and only 50 % for louvered
`of the luminaire , usually provided by shielding elements ,
`version . This however , is still not what the customer is
`such that high intensity rays are not emitted at an angle
`paying for . The customer is after the best lighting solution at
`where they enter the occupant's eye during normal activity .
`minimal energy cost . Chances are , as experienced lighting
`A correctly designed luminaire for indoor lighting may
`designers know , that the light intensity , even in a good
`provide 30 % uplight and 70 % downlight in the angles from 50 lighting design , is still not evenly distributed over the work
`the nadir 0 to 60 degrees and then again 135 to 170 degrees .
`surfaces . While care is taken in the lighting design computer
`A governing equation in lighting and used in “ reverse
`runs not to fall below the minimum illumination intensity at
`luminaire design ” of the present invention is the cosine law
`any point in the room , there are non - trivial excesses at some
`or Lambert's law , Equation 1 :
`points in the lighting layout design . This excess light , wasted
`55 energy as far as the customer is concerned , probably
`Erl cos OD
`accounts for another 10 % loss . While a fluorescent may
`appear to be a superior and very efficient light source at 80
`Where : E = Illuminance in lux or footcandles , I = Luminous
`lumen per watt vs. 30 lumen per watt for LEDs this is not
`intensity in candles , D = Distance between the source and the
`actually the case , in actuality 60 % of the fluorescent LF's
`point of calculation in meters or feet , O = Angle of light
`60 light is wasted . Thus , in terms of energy use , a properly
`incidence with illuminated surface
`designed LED luminaire can be , with the proper luminaire
`Another useful equation used in fixture analysis to avoid
`design of the present invention , as effective lumen per lumen
`glare producing designs yields the level of discomfort on the
`as any discharge light source in illuminating living areas .
`DeBoer scale . The DeBoer rating scale ( 1-9 ) describes the
`Expressed in terms of the above background and nomen
`level of discomfort where : 1 = Unbearable , 3 = Disturbing ,
`5 = Just acceptable , 7 = Satisfactory