UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`_________________
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`_________________
`
`APPLE INC.
`Petitioner
`
`v.
`
`DODOTS LICENSING SOLUTIONS LLC,
`Patent Owner
`_________________
`
`Inter Partes Review Case No. IPR2023-00939
`U.S. Patent No. 8,510,407
`
`DECLARATION OF DR. LOREN TERVEEN
`IN SUPPORT OF PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW OF
`U.S. PATENT NO. 8,510,407
`
`IPR2023-00939
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION AND QUALIFICATIONS............................................18
`A.
`Educational Background and Professional Experience ................18
`II. METHODOLOGY; MATERIALS CONSIDERED ...................................20
`III. OVERVIEW AND LEGAL STANDARDS .................................................21
`A.
`Person of Ordinary Skill in the Art.................................................22
`B. Obviousness.......................................................................................23
`C. Analogous Art ...................................................................................28
`D. Claim Construction...........................................................................29
`1.
`Constructions Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 42.104(b)(3)................29
`IV. LEVEL OF A PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL ......................................29
`V.
`OVERVIEW OF THE TECHNOLOGY .....................................................31
`A. Client and Server Devices ................................................................31
`B. Hypertext Documents.......................................................................33
`C. HTML ................................................................................................36
`D. HTML Frames ..................................................................................39
`VI. OVERVIEW OF THE ’407 PATENT.........................................................41
`VII. THE PROSECUTION HISTORY OF THE ’407 PATENT ......................42
`A.
`Prosecution History of the ’407 Patent ...........................................42
`VIII. SUMMARY OF UNPATENTABILITY ......................................................43
`IX. OVERVIEW OF THE PRIOR ART............................................................44
`A. Overview of Slivka............................................................................44
`B. Overview of Anabuki........................................................................52
`C. Overview of Powell ...........................................................................54
`D. Overview of Votipka.........................................................................55
`OPINIONS REGARDING GROUND 1: Claims 1-4, 6-11, 13-16,
`and 18-23 are Obvious Over Slivka in View of Powell...............................55
`
`X.
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`B.
`
`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`A. Claim 1(Pre): A client computing device configured to
`access content over a network, the client computing device
`comprising:........................................................................................55
`Claim 1(a): electronic storage configured to store
`networked information monitor template associated with a
`networked information monitor, the networked information
`monitor template having therein a definition of a viewer
`graphical user interface having a frame within which time-
`varying content in a web browser-readable language may
`be presented on a display associated with the client
`computing device, wherein the frame of the viewer
`graphical user interface lacks controls for enabling a user to
`specify a network location at which content for the
`networked information monitor is available; and .........................58
`1.
`Electronic Storage ....................................................................58
`2.
`NIM Template and Associated NIM ........................................61
`3.
`Time-Varying Content..............................................................75
`4.
`Lacks Controls for Enabling a User to Specify a Network
`Location....................................................................................77
`Electronic Storage Configured to Store NIM Template...........79
`5.
`C. Claim 1(b): one or more processors configured to execute
`one or more computer program modules, the one or more
`computer program modules being configured to access the
`networked information monitor template, wherein
`accessing the networked information monitor defined by the
`networked information monitor template results in: ....................80
`D. Claim 1(b)(i): transmission, over a network to a web server
`at a network location, of a content request for content to be
`displayed within the frame of the viewer graphical user
`interface defined by the networked information monitor
`template; ............................................................................................81
`1.
`Slivka........................................................................................81
`2.
`Slivka in View of Powell..........................................................83
`Claim 1(b)(ii): reception, over the network from the web
`server at the network location, of content transmitted from
`
`E.
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`F.
`
`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`the web server in response to the content request, the
`content being time-varying;.............................................................86
`Claim 1(b)(iii): presentation, on the display, of the viewer
`graphical user interface defined by the networked
`information monitor template outside of and separate from
`any graphical user interface of any other application; and..........87
`G. Claim 1(b)(iv): presentation, on the display within the
`frame of the viewer graphical user interface defined by the
`networked information monitor, of the time-varying content
`received from the web server...........................................................90
`H. Claim 2: “The method of claim 1, further comprising,
`responsive to reception of one or more elements included in
`the received time-varying content, modifying a feature of
`said viewer graphical user interface defined by the
`networked information monitor template in accordance
`with a modification corresponding to the received one or
`more elements.”.................................................................................90
`Claim 3: “The client computing device of claim 2, wherein
`said modification corresponding to the received one or more
`elements comprises a modification to an image defined by
`the networked information monitor template as forming a
`part of said viewer graphical user interface.”................................93
`Claim 4: “The client computing device of claim 2, wherein
`the correspondence between the modification and the
`received one or more elements is defined by the networked
`information monitor template.” ......................................................93
`K. Claim 6: “The client computing device of claim 2, wherein
`the one or more computer program modules and the
`networked information monitor template are configured
`such that modifying the feature of the viewer graphical user
`interface comprises changing a color of a frame border or
`background of the viewer graphical user interface.”....................94
`Claim 7: “The client computing device of claim 2, wherein
`the one or more computer program modules and the
`networked information monitor template are configured
`such that modifying the feature of the viewer graphical user
`interface comprises modifying text of the viewer graphical
`
`L.
`
`I.
`
`J.
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`P.
`
`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`user interface in a manner defined by the networked
`information monitor template.” ....................................................102
`M. Claim 8: “The client computing device of claim 1, wherein
`the networked information monitor template includes a
`markup language file.”...................................................................104
`N. Claim 9: “The client computing device of claim 1, wherein
`one or more computer program modules are configured
`such that the time-varying content is received from the web
`server over the network according to the TCP/IP protocol.”.....104
`O. Claim 10: “The client computing device of claim 1, wherein
`the network location corresponds to a uniform resource
`locator included in the networked information monitor
`template.”.........................................................................................105
`Claim 11: “The client computing device of claim 10,
`wherein the one or more computer program modules are
`further configured such that accessing the networked
`information monitor defined by the networked information
`monitor template results in transmissio of the content
`request to the uniform resource locator included in the
`networked information monitor template, and the content
`request being transmitted according to the TCP/IP protocol
`over the network.” ..........................................................................105
`Q. Claim 13(Pre): “A computer-implemented method of
`accessing content over a network on a client computing
`device, the client computing device having electronic
`storage and one or more processors configured to execute
`one or more computer program modules, the client method
`comprising:”....................................................................................105
`R. Claim 13(a): “storing, to the electronic storage, a networked
`information monitor template associated with a networked
`information monitor, the networked information monitor
`template having therein a definition of a viewer graphical
`user interface having a frame within which time-varying
`content in a web browser-readable language may be
`presented on a display associated with the client computing
`device, wherein the frame of the viewer graphical user
`interface lacks controls for enabling a user to specify a
`
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`T.
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`network location at which content for the networked
`information monitor is available;”................................................106
`Claim 13(b): “accessing the networked information monitor
`defined by the networked information monitor template,
`wherein accessing the networked information monitor
`defined by the networked information monitor template
`results in:” .......................................................................................106
`Claim 13(b)(i): “transmission, over a network to a web
`server at a network location, of a content request for
`content to be displayed in the viewer graphical user
`interface defined by the networked information monitor
`template;” ........................................................................................106
`U. Claim 13(b)(ii): “reception, over the network from the web
`server at the network location, of content transmitted from
`the web server in response to the content request, the
`content being time-varying;”.........................................................107
`V. Claim 13(b)(iii): “presentation, on the display, of the viewer
`graphical user interface defined by the application media
`package template outside of and separate from any
`graphical user interface of any other application; and” .............107
`W. Claim 13(b)(iv): “presentation, on the display within the
`frame of the viewer graphical user interface defined by the
`networked information monitor, of the time-varying content
`received from the web server.”......................................................107
`X. Claim 14: “The method of claim 13, responsive to reception
`of one or more elements included in the received time-
`varying content, modifying a feature of said viewer
`graphical user interface defined by the networked
`information monitor template in accordance with a
`modification corresponding to the received one or more
`elements.”.........................................................................................107
`Y. Claim 15: “The method of claim 14, wherein said
`modification corresponding to the received one or more
`elements comprises a modification to an image defined by
`the networked information monitor template as forming a
`part of said viewer graphical user interface.”..............................107
`
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`Z.
`
`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`Claim 16: “The method of claim 14, wherein the
`correspondence between the modification and the received
`one or more elements is defined by the networked
`information monitor template.” ....................................................108
`AA. Claim 18: “The method of claim 14, wherein modifying the
`feature of the viewer graphical user interface comprises
`changing a color of a frame border or background of the
`viewer graphical user interface.” ..................................................108
`BB. Claim 19: “The method of claim 14, wherein modifying the
`feature of the viewer graphical user interface comprises
`modifying text of the viewer graphical user interface in a
`manner defined by the networked information monitor
`template.”.........................................................................................108
`CC. Claim 20: “The method of claim 13, wherein the networked
`information monitor template includes a markup language
`file, and wherein storing the networked information
`monitor template comprises storing the markup language
`file.”..................................................................................................108
`DD. Claim 21: “The method of claim 13, wherein the time-
`varying content is received from the web server over the
`network according to the TCP/IP protocol.” ...............................108
`EE. Claim 22: “The method of claim 13, wherein the network
`location corresponds to a uniform resource locator included
`in the networked information monitor template.” ......................108
`FF. Claim 23: “The method of claim 22, wherein accessing the
`networked information monitor defined by the networked
`information monitor template results in transmission of the
`content request to the uniform resource locator included in
`the networked information monitor template, and the
`content request being transmitted according to the TCP/IP
`protocol over the network.” ...........................................................109
`XI. OPINIONS REGARDING GROUND 2: Claims 5 and 17 are
`Obvious Over Slivka in View of Powell and Votipka................................109
`A. Claim 5: “The client computing device of claim 2, wherein
`the one or more computer program modules and the
`networked information monitor template are configured
`such that modifying the feature of the viewer graphical user
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`B.
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`B.
`
`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`interface comprises adjusting a size of the frame of the
`viewer graphical user interface.” ..................................................109
`Claim 17: “The method of claim 14, wherein modifying the
`feature of the viewer graphical user interface comprises
`adjusting a size of the frame of the viewer graphical user
`interface.” ........................................................................................112
`XII. Opinions Regarding Ground 3: Claims 12 and 24 are Obvious Over
`Slivka In View of Powell and Anabuki......................................................112
`A. Claim 12(Pre): “The client computing device of claim 1,
`wherein the one or more computer program modules are
`further configured:” .......................................................................112
`Claim 12(a): “to transmit, over the network to a networked
`information monitor server, a request for the networked
`information monitor template” .....................................................113
`C. Claim 12(b): “to receive, from the networked information
`monitor server over the network, the networked
`information monitor template; and”.............................................118
`D. Claim 12(c): “to store the networked information monitor
`template to the electronic storage.”...............................................119
`Claim 24(Pre): “The method of claim 13, further
`comprising:”....................................................................................119
`Claim 24(a): “prior to storing the networked information
`monitor template to the electronic storage, transmitting,
`over the network to a networked information monitor
`server, a request for the networked information monitor
`template; and”.................................................................................119
`G. Claim 24(b): “receiving, from the networked information
`monitor server over the network, the networked
`information monitor template.” ....................................................119
`XIII. CONCLUSION...........................................................................................120
`
`E.
`
`F.
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`
`CLAIM LISTING
`
`Claim 1:
`1(Pre) A client computing device configured to access content over a
`
`network, the client computing device comprising:
`
`1(a) electronic storage configured to store networked information monitor
`
`template associated with a networked information monitor, the networked
`
`information monitor template having therein a definition of a viewer graphical user
`
`interface having a frame within which time-varying content in a web browser-
`
`readable language may be presented on a display associated with the client
`
`computing device, wherein the frame of the viewer graphical user interface lacks
`
`controls for enabling a user to specify a network location at which content for the
`
`networked information monitor is available; and
`
`1(b) one or more processors configured to execute one or more computer
`
`program modules, the one or more computer program modules being configured to
`
`access the networked information monitor defined by the networked information
`
`monitor template, wherein accessing the networked information monitor defined by
`
`the networked information monitor template results in:
`
`1(b)(i) transmission, over a network to a web server at a network location, of
`
`a content request for content to be displayed within the frame of the viewer graphical
`
`user interface defined by the networked information monitor template;
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`1(b)(ii) reception, over the network from the web server at the network
`
`location, of content transmitted from the web server in response to the content
`
`request, the content being time-varying;
`
`1(b)(iii) presentation, on the display, of the viewer graphical user interface
`
`defined by the networked information monitor template outside of and separate from
`
`any graphical user interface of any other application; and
`
`1(b)(iv) presentation, on the display within the frame of the viewer graphical
`
`user interface defined by the networked information monitor, of the time-varying
`
`content received from the web server.
`
`Claim 2:
`The method of claim 1, further comprising, responsive to reception of one or
`
`more elements included in the received time-varying content, modifying a feature of
`
`said viewer graphical user interface defined by the networked information monitor
`
`template in accordance with a modification corresponding to the received one or
`
`more elements.
`
`Claim 3:
`The client computing device of claim 2, wherein said modification
`
`corresponding to the received one or more elements comprises a modification to an
`
`image defined by the networked information monitor template as forming a part of
`
`said viewer graphical user interface.
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`
`Claim 4:
`The client computing device of claim 2, wherein the correspondence between
`
`the modification and the received one or more elements is defined by the networked
`
`information monitor template.
`
`Claim 5:
`The client computing device of claim 2, wherein the one or more computer
`
`program modules and the networked information monitor template are configured
`
`such that modifying the feature of the viewer graphical user interface comprises
`
`adjusting a size of the frame of the viewer graphical user interface.
`
`Claim 6:
`The client computing device of claim 2, wherein the one or more computer
`
`program modules and the networked information monitor template are configured
`
`such that modifying the feature of the viewer graphical user interface comprises
`
`changing a color of a frame border or background of the viewer graphical user
`
`interface.
`
`Claim 7:
`The client computing device of claim 2, wherein the one or more computer
`
`program modules and the networked information monitor template are configured
`
`such that modifying the feature of the viewer graphical user interface comprises
`
`modifying text of the viewer graphical user interface in a manner defined by the
`
`networked information monitor template.
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`
`Claim 8:
`The client computing device of claim 1, wherein the networked information
`
`monitor template includes a markup language file.
`
`Claim 9:
`The client computing device of claim 1, wherein one or more computer
`
`program modules are configured such that the time-varying content is received from
`
`the web server over the network according to the TCP/IP protocol.
`
`Claim 10:
`The client computing device of claim 1, wherein the network location
`
`corresponds to a uniform resource locator included in the networked information
`
`monitor template.
`
`Claim 11:
`The client computing device of claim 10, wherein the one or more computer
`
`program modules are further configured such that accessing the networked
`
`information monitor defined by the networked information monitor template results
`
`in transmission of the content request to the uniform resource locator included in the
`
`networked information monitor template, and the content request being transmitted
`
`according to the TCP/IP protocol over the network.
`
`Claim 12:
`12(Pre) The client computing device of claim 1, wherein the one or more
`
`computer program modules are further configured:
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`12(a) to transmit, over the network to a networked information monitor server,
`
`a request for the networked information monitor template
`
`12(b) to receive, from the networked information monitor server over the
`
`network, the networked information monitor template; and
`
`12(c) to store the networked information monitor template to the electronic
`
`storage
`
`Claim 13:
`13(Pre) A computer-implemented method of accessing content over a
`
`network on a client computing device, the client computing device having electronic
`
`storage and one or more processors configured to execute one or more computer
`
`program modules, the client method comprising:
`
`13(a) storing, to the electronic storage, a networked information monitor
`
`template associated with a networked information monitor, the networked
`
`information monitor template having therein a definition of a viewer graphical user
`
`interface having a frame within which time-varying content in a web browser-
`
`readable language may be presented on a display associated with the client
`
`computing device, wherein the frame of the viewer graphical user interface lacks
`
`controls for enabling a user to specify a network location at which content for the
`
`networked information monitor is available;
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`13(b) accessing the networked information monitor defined by the networked
`
`information monitor template, wherein accessing the networked information
`
`monitor defined by the networked information monitor template results in:
`
`13(b)(i) transmission, over a network to a web server at a network location,
`
`of a content request for content to be displayed in the viewer graphical user interface
`
`defined by the networked information monitor template;
`
`13(b)(ii) reception, over the network from the web server at the network
`
`location, of content transmitted from the web server in response to the content
`
`request, the content being time-varying;
`
`13(b)(iii) presentation, on the display, of the viewer graphical user interface
`
`defined by the application media package template outside of and separate from any
`
`graphical user interface of any other application; and
`
`13(b)(iv) presentation, on the display within the frame of the viewer graphical
`
`user interface defined by the networked information monitor, of the time-varying
`
`content received from the web server.
`
`Claim 14:
`The method of claim 13, responsive to reception of one or more elements
`
`included in the received time-varying content, modifying a feature of said viewer
`
`graphical user interface defined by the networked information monitor template in
`
`accordance with a modification corresponding to the received one or more elements.
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`
`Claim 15:
`The method of claim 14, wherein said modification corresponding to the
`
`received one or more elements comprises a modification to an image defined by the
`
`networked information monitor template as forming a part of said viewer graphical
`
`user interface.
`
`Claim 16:
`The method of claim 14, wherein the correspondence between the
`
`modification and the received one or more elements is defined by the networked
`
`information monitor template.
`
`Claim 17:
`The method of claim 14, wherein modifying the feature of the viewer
`
`graphical user interface comprises adjusting a size of the frame of the viewer
`
`graphical user interface.
`
`Claim 18:
`The method of claim 14, wherein modifying the feature of the viewer
`
`graphical user interface comprises changing a color of a frame border or background
`
`of the viewer graphical user interface.
`
`Claim 19:
`The method of claim 14, wherein modifying the feature of the viewer
`
`graphical user interface comprises modifying text of the viewer graphical user
`
`interface in a manner defined by the networked information monitor template.
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`
`Claim 20:
`The method of claim 13, wherein the networked information monitor template
`
`includes a markup language file, and wherein storing the networked information
`
`monitor template comprises storing the markup language file.
`
`Claim 21:
`The method of claim 13, wherein the time-varying content is received from
`
`the web server over the network according to the TCP/IP protocol.
`
`Claim 22:
`The method of claim 13, wherein the network location corresponds to a
`
`uniform resource locator included in the networked information monitor template.
`
`Claim 23:
`The method of claim 22, wherein accessing the networked information
`
`monitor defined by the networked information monitor template results in
`
`transmission of the content request to the uniform resource locator included in the
`
`networked information monitor template, and the content request being transmitted
`
`according to the TCP/IP protocol over the network.
`
`Claim 24:
`24(Pre) The method of claim 13, further comprising:
`
`24(a) prior to storing the networked information monitor template to the
`
`electronic storage, transmitting, over the network to a networked information
`
`monitor server, a request for the networked information monitor template; and
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`24(b) receiving, from the networked information monitor server over the
`
`network, the networked information monitor template.
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`
`I, Loren Terveen, declare as follows:
`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION AND QUALIFICATIONS
`1.
`I am over the age of 21 and am competent to make this declaration. I
`
`make this declaration based on facts and matters within my own knowledge and on
`
`information provided to me by others, and, if called as a witness, I could and would
`
`competently testify to the matters set forth herein. A true and correct copy of my
`
`Curriculum Vitae, which provides further details about my background and
`
`experience, is appended to this Declaration.
`
`A.
`2.
`
`Educational Background and Professional Experience
`I received a B.A. in Computer Science, Mathematics, and History from
`
`the University of South Dakota in 1984. I received an M.S. in Computer Sciences
`
`from the University of Texas in 1988. I further received a Ph.D. in Computer
`
`Sciences from the University of Texas in 1991.
`
`3.
`
`I am a Distinguished McKnight University Professor at the University
`
`of Minnesota in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, and I have
`
`substantial experience with human computer interaction and user interfaces,
`
`including well before April 26, 1999, the date I have been informed is the date of
`
`invention for the ’407 patent at issue in this matter. I was a Member of Technical
`
`Staff at AT&T Bell Laboratories from 1991 to 1996, and then a Principal Member
`
`of Staff at AT&T Labs – Research from 1996 to 2002. I was honored by the
`
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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) as a Distinguished Scientist in 2009,
`
`I served as the president of ACM’s Special Interest Group on Computer-Human
`
`Interaction (ACM SIGCHI) from 2015-2018, was elected to the ACM SIGCHI
`
`Academy in 2019, and received the SIGCHI Lifetime Service Award in 2023.
`
`4.
`
`I have taught numerous courses at the University of Minnesota related
`
`to human-computer interaction and user interface design. Additionally, I have
`
`published over 150 peer-reviewed articles, a book, contributed chapters in six
`
`additional books, and have given over 50 presentations all across the United States
`
`and internationally. My published works revolve around the fields of human-
`
`computer interaction, user interface design, and social computing. I am also a named
`
`inventor on ten U.S. patents related to user interfaces, interactive data analysis, and
`
`methods for selecting and displaying information to users. My publications and
`
`patents have addressed many aspects of searching for information on the World
`
`Wide Web, including algorithms to gather information from the World Wide Web,
`
`additional algorithms to parse and analyze the HTML content of web pages, data
`
`structures to represent this information, and user interfaces that allowed people to
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`access the information my systems collected. Much of my research also involved
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`graphical user interface techniques, for example: enabling users to navigate large
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`information structures (including the World Wide Web), specify multimodal
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`IPR2023-00939
`Apple EX1003 Page 19
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`

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`Declaration of Dr. Loren Terveen
`Patent No. 8,510,407
`interfaces including for interactive voice systems, interact with online maps, and
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`tailor the performance of recommender systems.
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`5.
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`I have served as Chair of the leading conferences in Human-Computer
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`Interaction, served on four different editorial boards, and have sat on well over 20
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`program committees, including well over a dozen times on the program committee
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`for the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (the CHI
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`Conference), the leading international conference in Human-Computer Interaction.
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`II. METHODOLOGY; MATERIALS CONSIDERED
`6.
`I have relied upon my education, knowledge, and experience with the
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`technology of the World Wide Web including the Hypertext Markup Language
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`(HTML) and graphical user interfaces, as well as the other materials as discussed in
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`this declaration in forming my opinions.
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`7.
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`For this work, I have been asked to review U.S. Patent No. 8,510,407
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`(“’407 Patent”) (Ex. 1001) including the specification and claims, and the ’407
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`Patent’s prosecution history (“’407 File History”) (Ex. 1002). In developing my
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`opinions relating to the ’407 Patent, I have considered the materials cited or
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`dis