T. A. EDISON.
`Electric-Lamp.
`
`No. 223,898.
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`Patented Jan. 27, 1880. |
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`CUE,
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 1 of 5
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 1 of 5
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`UNrrep STATES
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`
`
`BEST AVAILABLE COr
`PATENTOFFICE.
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`THOMAS A. EDIEON, OF MENTO PARK, NEW JERSEY
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`ELECTRIC LAMP.
`
`
`| SPECIFICATION forming part of Latters Patent Wo. 233.096, dated January 27, 1900,
`So
`_
`dgeMontion Bled Movenser 4, 1448.
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`To ald whom it may concern:
`dimensions and good condactors, and a glees
`Be it known that I, Ticuas ALva Epmon,
`globe ceonot be kept tigat at the place where
`of Menlo Park, in the State of New Jersey,
`the wires pass in and are cemented; hence the 55
`United States of America, have inventel an
`carbon is consumed, becanss there must be al-
`g Improvement in Electrie Lempa, and in the
`most s perfect vacuum to renderthe carbon
`method of mannfacturing the sama, (Case No.
`stable, especially when eoch carbon is small in
`488,) of which the following is a specification.
`mage aod bigh iu electrical resistance.
`The object of this invention ia to produce
`The use of a gas in the receiver at the st- 60
`electric lemps giving livht by incandescence,
`mospheric pressure, although not attacking
`ro which lamps shall have high realstance, a0 an
`the carbon, serves to destrcyit in time by ‘‘air-
`te allow of the practical aubdivision of the
`washing,’’ or the attrition produced by the
`. electrio light.
`rapid
`of the air over the alightly-co-
`The invention connizts in « light-giving body
`herent highiy-heated anrface of the carbon.
`I
`ofcarbon wire or ahests ooiled
`or arranged in
`have reversed thin practice. I bave discovered
`tg such s manner as to offer greet resistance to
`that even a cotton thread properly carbonized
`the passage of the electric ccrrent, and at the
`and placed ins sealed glass bulb exhausted to
`same time present bot » slight sarface from
`one- millionth of an atmosphere offers from one
`which radiation can-take place.
`hundred to five hundred olums resistance to the
`: Theinvention further consiala in placing
`passage of the current, and that it isabsolutely
`go such burner of great resistance in a nearly-
`stable at very high teaperatures; that if the
`ie vactum. tn prevent oxidation ead in-
`thread be coiled as aspirnl and carbonized,
`ary-to the conductor by the atmosphere. The
`or If any fibrous vegetable substance which
`carrent is conducted inte the vacanm-balb
`will leave & curboa residue after heating ins
`through platina wires sealed into the glans,
`clased chamber be bo coiled, as mach as two
`#3 Theiavention farther consiatsin the method
`! thousand ohms resistance may be obtained
`of manufacturing carbon conductors of high
`- without presenting n radiatiug-sarface greater
`j than three-sixteenths of an inch; that if such
`80 a4 to be euitable for giving light
`by ineandescence, and in the mannerof secur-
`| fbrous material be rubbed with a plastic com-
`ing perfect contact between the metallic cov-
`1 posed of lamp- black and tar, its resistance
`3° daotora or leading wires and the carbon con-
`: may be made high or low, according to the
`dactor.
`amountof lamp-black placed aponit; that car-
`Heretofcre light by incandescence haa been
`bon filaments mav be made by a combizaticn
`obtained from rods of carbon of one to: foar
`of tar and lamp-black, the latter being pre-
`olims resistance, placed in closed vessels, in
`viously ignited in a closed cracible for several
`3$ Which the atmospheric air has been repiaced |
`hoars and afterward moistened and kneaded
`by genes thet do not combine chemically with
`| until it assames the consistency of thick put-
`ty. Small pieces of thia material may be
`carbon. The vemel holding the burner
`has beencomposed of glass cemented tos me-
`rolled out ia the form of wire as small as seven
`tallic base. The connaction Latween the lead-
`one-thousandths of a inch ion diameter and
`40 fog wires and the carbon has Deen obtained or
`over.s foot in length, and the same may be
`clamping the carbon to the weial. Th.» led-
`| coved with s non-coudacting non-carboniziug
`ing-wires have alwaye been large, so that their
`sokicance and wound on 8 bobbia, or as & §pi-
`ral, and the trr carbonized ia 8 closed cham:
`oe shall bs many times loss than the
`burner, and, in genorsi, the attempta of pre-
`ber by subjecting it to highheat, the spira
`45 vious persons have buen to reduce the resistance
`after carbonization retainiog its form.
`be
`“3 these forme are fragile and cannot a4
`ofthe carbon rod. The disadventagesoffollow-
`clamped to the leadiag wires with eanicient
`fog this practices are, that s lamp baving Du:
`force to insure good contact aad preveot Be
`0n6 te four obras resistance cannot be worked In
`ing.
`[have discovered that if platinam * res
`great nambers in maltiplearc without the em-
`are ased aod the plastic lamp-bleck aud ter
`S$ ployment of main conductors of enormous di-
`rosteriel be molded arvuod it in the sct of car-
`mensions; that, owing to the low resistance of
`bonigation there is au intimate nnion by com
`the lamp, the leading-wires must be of large
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`80
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 2 of 5
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 2 of 5
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`5
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`20
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`3§
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`35
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`4°
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`material be molded aroundit in the act of car-
`bonization there is an intimate anion by com-
`bination and by pressure between the carbou
`ang platina, and nearly perfect contact is ob-
`tained without the necessity of clamps; henoe
`the burner and the leading-wirea are conuect-
`ed to the carbon ready to be placed in the vac-
`uam-buib.
`When fibrous inaterial is used the plastic
`lamp-black and tar are usedto secure it to the
`platina before carbouizing.
`.
`By using the carbon wire of auch high re-
`sistance I am enabled to use fine platinam
`wires fur leadling-wires, aa they will have a
`small resistance compared to the burner, and
`hence will not heat and crack the aealed vac-
`uam-bulb, Platina cau only be axed, aa ita
`expansion is nearly the same as that of plass.
`By using a conaiderable length of carbou
`wire audcoiling it the exterior, which is. only
`a small portion of its entire surface, will form
`the principal radiating - surface; hence | am
`able to raise the apecitic heat of the whole of
`the carbon, and thas prevent the rapid recep-
`tion and disappearance of the light, which on
`a plain wire is prejudicial, as it shows the
`least unsteadineas of the current by the flick-
`ering of the light; but if the current is steady
`the defect does not show.
`I have carbonized aud used cotton and lineu
`thread, wood splints, papers coiled in various
`waya, aluo lamp-black, plambago, and carbon
`in various forms, nixed with tar and kneaded
`so that the same may be rolled out into wirea
`of various lengths and diameters. Each wire,
`however, is to be uniform iu size througbout.
`If the carbon thread is liable to be distorted
`during carbonization it ia to be coiled between
`a helix of copper wire. The ends of the car-
`bon or filament are secured to the platina
`leading-wires by plastic carbonizable material,
`and the whole placed in the carboniziug-cham-
`ber. The copper, which has served to prevent
`distortion of the carbon thread, is afterward
`eaten away bynitric acid, and the spiral soaked
`io water, and theu dried and placed on the
`glass holler, and a glass bulb blown over the
`whole, with a leading-tabe fur exhaustion by
`® mercary-pamp,
`ia tube, when a high
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`BSTAVAILAg¢ Copy
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`£23,886
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`go
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`55
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`65
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`7o
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`is hermetically
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`vacanm haa been reached,
`sealed
`With subatances which are not greatly dis-
`torted in carbouizing, they may be coated with
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`a non-conducting non-carbonizable anbetance,
`which allows one coil or taru of the carbon to
`! rest apon and be supported by the other.
`In the drawings,
`Figare 1 shows the lamp
`sectionally. a iathe carbon spiral or thread.
`ec & ure the thickened endsof the spiral, formed
`of the plastic compound of lamp-biack and tar.
`@ dare the platina wires.
`4 A are the clamps,
`which serve to conuect the platina wires, ce-
`mented iu the carbon, with the leading-wires
`x 2, sealed in the glass vacaam-balb.
`¢ ¢ are
`copper wires, connected just outside the bulb
`to the wires z 7. m ia the tube (shown by
`dotted lines) leading to the vacaum-pamp,
`which, after exhaustion,ia hermetically sealed
`aod the surplus removed.
`Fig. 2 represents the plastic material before
`beiug wound into a spiral.
`Fig. 3 shows the apiral after carbon ization,
`ready to have a bulb blown overit.
`I claim as my inventiou—
`1. Anelectric lamp for giving light by in-
`caudescence, cousisting of a filament of carbon
`of high resjatatce, made as deacribed, and se-
`cared to metallic wires, as set forth.
`2. The combiuation of carbon filamenta with
`@ receiver inade entirely of glass and couduct-
`ors passing through the glass, and from which
`receiver the air is exhausted, for the purposes
`set forth.
`3. A carbon filament or strip coiled aud
`connecied to electric couductors so that only
`a portion of the eurfuce of such carbon cou-
`dluctors shall be exposed for radiating light,
`as sot forth.
`4. The method herein described of secaring
`the platiua contact-wirea to the carbon fila-
`ment and carbonixzing of the whole in a closed
`chainber, substantially as set forth.
`Bigned by me this lst day of November,
`A. D. 1879.
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`go
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`THOMAS A. EDISON.
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`Witnesses:
`8. L. Garry,
`Joun F. Ranpo.pn.
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 3 of 5
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 3 of 5
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`CorrectioninLettersPatentNo.223,898,
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`12-/8-(883
`DEPARTMENT OF THR INFERIOR,
`UNITED STATES PATENT OFPTCER,
`Wasmimeror, D. 0, Descuber 18, 1888.
`Tn compHance with the request of the See eae Eatent No, 233,508,
`ted January 37, 1680, to Thomas 4edleon of Mento
`ow Jersey, for an
`improvement in “ Rleotric-Lampe,” is hereby limlted 80 06 to
`at the same time
`with the patent of the following ramed, having the shortest time te ran, vis: British
`Patent dated November 10, 1879, No. 4,578; Canadian Patentdated November 17,18 p
`No. 10,656: Belgian Patoat dated November 39, 1870, No.
`; Italian Batect
`dated December 6,
`1
`156;
`It tg horeby certified ¢
`files and records of the Patent Office.
`Thia ancudment is made that the United States Paccat way conform to the provis-
`irae of Beotion 4837 of the Revised Statutes.
`.
`.
`BENJ. BUTTERWORTH,
`Oomaslesioner ofPatente.
`;
`Approved:
`M. L. JO8LYRX,
`Acting Ssarstary of tia Interior,
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 4 of 5
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 4 of 5
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`OrderofCancellationofCertificateofCorrectionofLettersPatentNo.223,898,
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`It ta found that the fullowing certificate kas bee attached to Letters Patent granted
`to Thomas A. Edison for inprovemeatia “ Bisotric Lamps,” No. 233,808, duted January
`a7, 1880:
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`DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
`UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIOR,
`Wasnrneron, D. O., December 18, 1883.
`In compliauce with the request of the party {a in%orest Letters Patent No. 223,898,
`granted Janaary 27, 1880, to Thomas A. Edison, of Menlo Park, NewJersey, for an
`improvemeut la “ Hlectrio Lamps,” is hereby limited eo as to expire at the same time
`with the patent of the following-named, having the shortest time to run, viz.: British
`atent, duted November 10, 1870, No. ¢,576; Oanadian
`patent, dated November 17, 1879
`0. 10,854; Belgian patent, dated November 29, 1879,
`No. 40,894;
`Italian patact, dated
`Deoember 6, 1879, and French patent, dated January 20, 1830,
`No. 153,756.
`It is hereby certified thet the proper éatries aud corrections have been madein the
`.,
`files aud records of the Patent
`Office.
`This amendment ta made that the United States patent may conform to the provis-
`fons of section 4887 ofthe Revised Statates.
`{amar.|
`
`BEXJ. BUTTERWORTH
`Comeesioner of Patents.
`
`Approved:
`M. L. Josuyn,
`Acting Seoretgry of the Interior,
`Now, in compliance with the request of the parties [n Interest, sald certificate is
`hereby oaaceled and proper entries and corrections hayes been made fn the files and
`records of the Patent Office
`In testimony whereof I have hereanto set my hand and onased the seal of the Patent
`Office to be affixed, this 15th day of Marob, 1803.
`
`Approved:
`PrRve Bussey,
`Assistant Seoretary of tha Interior.
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`W. E. SIMONDS,
`Commissioner ef Patents.
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 5 of 5
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`Petitioner Ensign
`Exhibit 1021 - Page 5 of 5
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