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`US 20140135594Al
`
`c19) United States
`c12) Patent Application Publication
`Yuen et al.
`
`c10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0135594 Al
`May 15, 2014
`(43) Pub. Date:
`
`Publication Classification
`
`(51)
`
`(2006.01)
`(2006.01)
`
`Int. Cl.
`A61B 51024
`A61B 5111
`(52) U.S. Cl.
`CPC ........... A61B 5102427 (2013.01); A61B 511118
`(2013.01)
`USPC ............................ 600/301; 600/407; 600/473
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`A system and method of tracking activity includes a motion
`sensor, a light source and a light detector. The light detector is
`configured to capture an amount of the light that is reflected
`back to the light detector, at least a first portion of the light
`reflected back to the light detector is reflected from a blood
`vessel disposed under a skin of a user when the user places the
`skin over the heart rate monitor location on the housing. A
`processor is in communication with the motion sensor and the
`light detector and can process the reflected light to identify
`heart beats of the user and produce an indication of a heart
`rate. The indication of the heart rate can be displayed on the
`display screen as an option, in addition to the metrics that
`quantify the motion data.
`
`122
`
`100
`
`(54) METHODS, SYSTEMS AND DEVICES FOR
`MEASURING FINGERTIP HEART RATE
`
`(71) Applicant: Fitbit, Inc., San Francisco, CA (US)
`
`(72)
`
`Inventors: Shelten Yuen, Berkeley, CA (US);
`Subramaniam Venkatraman, San
`Francisco, CA (US); Eric Van Albert,
`San Francisco, CA (US); James Park,
`Berkeley, CA (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Fitbit, Inc., San Francisco, CA (US)
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 14/156,381
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Jan.15,2014
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(60) Provisional application No. 61/924,547, filed on Jan.
`7, 2014, provisional application No. 61/752,826, filed
`on Jan. 15, 2013, provisional application No. 61/830,
`600, filed on Jun. 3, 2013.
`
`300~
`
`302
`
`304
`
`183
`
`-1-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 1 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
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`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 2 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
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`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 3 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`120 I
`
`100
`
`120
`
`Display Screen
`
`122
`
`158
`
`r- - - - - - -
`140
`
`Activity Tracking Logic
`
`142
`
`Physical Contact Logic
`
`144
`
`Display Interface Logic
`
`- -
`
`106
`
`Processor
`
`156
`
`Storage (memory)
`
`154
`
`Battery
`
`146
`Alarm Management
`Logic
`
`148
`
`I
`I
`I
`Wireless
`I
`Communication Logic
`- - - ____ j
`Activity Tracking Device
`
`FIG. 2A
`
`-4-
`
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`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 4 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`200
`
`100
`
`122
`
`Remote
`Device
`(Computing Device)
`
`Device A
`(Activity Tracking Device)
`
`Activity Tracking
`APP
`
`___,___/202
`
`Storage
`
`Logic
`
`108
`
`158
`
`160
`
`Activity
`Management
`Application
`
`226
`
`User Profiles
`
`228a
`
`228n
`
`224
`
`•••
`
`Display
`Scroll Order
`230
`
`User Heart
`Beat Data
`232A
`• • •
`
`User N
`
`Display
`Scroll Order
`230
`
`User Heart
`Beat Data
`232A
`• • •
`
`FIG. 2B
`
`-5-
`
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`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 5 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
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`300 ~
`
`302
`
`304
`
`122
`
`100
`
`183
`
`FIG. 3A
`
`300'
`
`~
`
`FIG. 3B
`
`-6-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 6 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`300"
`
`~
`
`122
`
`FIG. 3C
`
`300"
`
`~
`
`190
`
`304
`
`126/
`181/182
`
`FIG. 3D
`
`-7-
`
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`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 7 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`400 ~
`
`NUMBER OF PEAKS .----1\ I +/- A FEW PEAKS I r----1\
`~ ~ CALCULATE
`.----J\
`r----J\ HEART RATE
`TIMING OF PEAKS ~I GET EXTENTS I ~...._ ____ __,
`~
`
`SCORE EACH
`GUESS
`
`FIG. 4A
`
`OUTPUT BEST
`GUESS
`
`420~
`
`w
`0
`=>
`f(cid:173)
`_J
`D..
`~
`<(
`
`0
`
`5 BEATS
`
`6 BEATS
`
`EST 7 BEATS
`DETECTED
`8 BEATS
`
`9 BEATS
`
`0
`
`A
`
`B
`
`C
`
`D
`
`l l l 0
`
`L1
`4
`2
`3
`~~ - - - - - - - - STP
`TIME (SECONDS)
`
`E F G
`
`l l l
`
`I
`
`H
`
`6 l
`
`5
`
`FIG. 48
`
`450~
`
`A
`
`B
`
`C
`
`D
`
`E F G
`
`H
`
`I
`
`0
`
`0
`
`0
`
`0
`
`BAD
`
`----tlfJ-------------------t~,_---------H1---GOOD
`
`0
`
`•
`
`0
`
`5
`
`L1
`4
`2
`3
`~~ - - - - - - - - STP
`TIME (SECONDS)
`
`FIG. 4C
`
`-8-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 8 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`505
`
`510
`
`515
`
`520
`
`525
`
`530
`
`535
`
`540
`
`545
`
`550
`
`555
`
`560
`
`565
`
`570
`
`575
`
`5 0 0 ,
`
`START
`
`TOUCH HEART RATE DETECTOR LOCATION
`
`EMIT LIGHT INTO USER'S SKIN
`
`RECEIVE LIGHT REFLECTED FROM BLOOD
`VESSEL
`
`OUTPUT DETECTED HEART BEATS TO
`PROCESSOR AS INITIAL ESTIMATE
`
`ADD AT LEAST ONE BEAT TO INITIAL
`ESTIMATE TO PRODUCE AT LEAST ONE
`ADDED ESTIMATE
`
`SUBTRACT AT LEAST ONE BEAT TO INITIAL
`ESTIMATE TO PRODUCE AT LEAST ONE
`SUBTRACTED ESTIMATE
`
`SCORE INITIAL ESTIMATE, ADDED
`ESTIMATES AND SUBTRACTED ESTIMATES
`
`SELECT ESTIMATE HAVING THE HIGHEST
`SCORE AS POTENTIAL HEART RATE
`
`DETERMINE POTENTIAL BEAT INTERVAL
`
`IDENTIFY DETECTED BEAT INTERVALS
`HAVING WHOLE NUMBER MULTIPLE
`DURATION OF POTENTIAL BEAT INTERVAL
`
`FILTER OUT PHANTOM BEATS
`
`SCORE ESTIMATED HEART RATES
`
`SELECT ESTIMATE WITH HIGHEST SCORE
`
`CALCULATE HEART RATE
`
`DISPLAY CALCULATED HEART RATE
`
`END
`
`FIG. 5
`
`-9-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 9 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`302
`602
`
`100 122 610
`
`302
`602
`
`100 122 610
`
`181-184
`
`FIG. 6A
`
`181-184
`
`FIG. 68
`
`62 HRT
`
`302
`612 100 122 610
`
`302
`614 100 122 610
`
`-.__,/
`
`11
`
`111
`
`63 HRT
`
`60 HRT
`
`181-184
`
`FIG. 6C
`
`181-184
`
`FIG. 6D
`
`-10-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 10 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`515 \
`
`FROM 520
`
`710
`
`715
`
`720
`
`725
`
`730
`
`YES
`
`YES
`
`INCREASE PRESSURE FEEDBACK
`
`DECREASE PRESSURE FEEDBACK
`
`FIG. 7A
`
`302
`712 100 122
`
`302
`714 100 122
`
`181-184
`
`181-184
`
`FIG. 78
`
`FIG. 7C
`
`-11-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication May 15, 2014 Sheet 11 of 11
`
`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`100
`
`800C
`
`' , 820
`'
`I
`'.(.
`'
`
`DATA
`RECOMMENDATION
`800H
`
`800B
`
`100
`
`800D
`
`\
`
`106C
`
`DATA ANALYSIS
`
`100
`
`- 820
`
`\
`\
`'<
`\
`\
`\
`\
`\ DATASYNC
`\
`
`820-..
`
`I
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`I
`I
`I
`
`820 _,.
`
`800E
`
`800F
`
`FIG. 8
`
`-12-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`May 15, 2014
`
`1
`
`METHODS, SYSTEMS AND DEVICES FOR
`MEASURING FINGERTIP HEART RATE
`
`CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`[0001] This application claims priority from U.S. Provi(cid:173)
`sional PatentApplicationNo. 61/924,547 filed on Jan. 7, 2014
`and entitled "Methods, Systems and Devices for Measuring
`Fingertip Heart Rate," which is incorporated herein by refer(cid:173)
`ence in its entirety. This application also claims priority from
`U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/752,826 filed on
`Jan. 15, 2013 and entitled "Portable Monitoring Devices and
`Methods of Operating Same," which is incorporated herein
`by reference in its entirety. This application also claims pri(cid:173)
`ority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/830,
`600 filed on Jun. 3, 2013 and entitled "Portable Monitoring
`Devices and Methods of Operating Same," which is incorpo(cid:173)
`rated herein by reference in its entirety.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`[0002] The present disclosure relates to systems and meth(cid:173)
`ods for capturing bodily activity and synchronizing data
`transfers between a capture device and a client device.
`[0003]
`In recent years, the need for health and fitness has
`grown tremendously. The growth has occurred due to a better
`understanding of the benefits of good fitness to overall health
`and wellness. Unfortunately, although today's modern cul(cid:173)
`ture has brought about many new technologies, such as the
`Internet, connected devices and computers, people have
`become less active. Additionally, many office jobs require
`people to sit in front of computer screens for long periods of
`time, which further reduces a person's activity levels. Fur(cid:173)
`thermore, much of today's entertainment options involve
`viewing multimedia content, computer social networking,
`and other types of computer involved interfacing. Although
`such computer activity can be very productive as well as
`entertaining, such activity tends to reduce a person's overall
`physical activity.
`[0004] To provide users concerned with health and fitness a
`way of measuring or accounting for their activity or lack
`thereof, fitness trackers are often used. Fitness trackers are
`used to measure activity, such as walking, motion, running,
`sleeping, being inactive, bicycling, exercising on an elliptical
`trainer, and the like.Usually, the data collected by such fitness
`trackers can be transferred and viewed on a computing
`device. However, such data is often provided as a basic accu(cid:173)
`mulation of activity data with complicated or confusing inter(cid:173)
`faces. In addition, updates between a tracker and a client
`device usually require wired connectors and/or complex
`syncing schemes.
`[0005]
`It is in this context that embodiments described
`herein arise.
`
`SUMMARY
`
`[0006] Broadly speaking, the present invention fills these
`needs by providing a system and method for detecting and
`measuring a user's heart rate. It should be appreciated that the
`present invention can be implemented in numerous ways,
`including as a process, an apparatus, a system, computer
`readable media, or a device. Several inventive embodiments
`of the present invention are described below.
`[0007] One embodiment provides an activity tracking
`device having a motion sensor and a processor in a housing.
`
`The processor configured for processing motion data pro(cid:173)
`duced by the motion sensor. A display screen is integrated
`with the housing to display metrics that quantify the motion
`data produced by the motion sensor. A light source is inte(cid:173)
`grated within the housing to enable light to be directed out of
`the housing at a heart rate monitor location on the housing and
`a light detector is integrated within the housing. The light
`detector configured to capture an amount of the light that is
`reflected back to the light detector, at least a first portion of the
`light reflected back to the light detector is reflected from a
`blood vessel under a skin of a user when the user places the
`skin over the heart rate monitor location on the housing. The
`processor is also in communication with the light detector to
`process the reflected light to identify heart beats of the user
`and produce an indication of a heart rate that can be displayed
`on the display screen, as an option, in addition to the metrics
`that quantify the motion data.
`[0008] The motion sensor can be one of or include an accel(cid:173)
`erometer, or a global positioning sensor, or a magnetometer,
`or a gyroscope, or a rotary encoder, or a calorie measurement
`sensor, or a moisture measurement sensor, or a displacement
`sensor, or an ultrasonic sensor, or a pedometer, or an altimeter,
`or a linear motion sensor, or an angular motion sensor, or a
`multi-axis motion sensor, or a combination of two or more
`thereof.
`[0009] The activity tracking device can also include a com(cid:173)
`munication transceiver configured for communicating via at
`least one a wireless network, an ambient light sensor, an
`indicator for visually identifying the heart rate monitor loca(cid:173)
`tion on the housing and at least one infrared (IR) proximity
`sensor associated with the light source and light detector. The
`IR proximity sensor can be configured to activate the light
`source and light detector upon detecting presence of the skin
`of the user. Detecting presence of the skin of the user can also
`function to navigate to one or more metrics of the display
`screen.
`[001 OJ The activity tracking device can also include a pres(cid:173)
`sure detecting system configured for detecting a pressure
`applied to the heart rate monitor location on the housing with
`the skin of the user during the identification of heart beats.
`The activity tracking device can output at least one a feedback
`signal regarding the detected pressure applied to the heart rate
`monitor location, the feedback indication being indicative of
`more or less pressure desired to produce the heart rate, the
`feedback signal including at least one of a visual signal, a
`graphic signal, a tactile signal, and an audible signal. The
`pressure detecting system can include at least one of process(cid:173)
`ing of the reflected light to identify one of an excess pressure,
`an insufficient pressure or an acceptable pressure from the
`detected heart beats of the user, or a pressure sensor in the
`button.
`[0011] The activity tracking device can also include a dis(cid:173)
`play of one or both of waveform data or numerical data when
`the skin of the user is over the heart rate monitor location and
`the heart beats are being identified over a sampling time
`period and upon concluding the sampling time period, dis(cid:173)
`playing the heart rate on the display screen. At least one
`recalled heart rate can be displayed on the display screen. The
`light detector can be disposed next to the light source.
`[0012] The heart rate can be calculated based on an algo(cid:173)
`rithm that detects multiple heart beats in the light received in
`the light detector within a sampling time period, measures a
`first time interval between a first beat of the detected heart
`beats and a second beat of the detected heart beats and divides
`
`-13-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`May 15, 2014
`
`2
`
`the sample time interval by the first time interval to determine
`a first estimate of heart beats detected within the sampling
`time period. The first estimate of heart beats is extrapolated
`within the sampling time period to a first estimated heart beats
`per minute and the first estimate heart beats per minute is
`output to the display screen.
`[0013] The heart rate can be calculated based on an algo(cid:173)
`rithm that adds at least one beat to the first estimate of heart
`beats to produce a second estimate ofheart beats and subtracts
`at least one beat from the first estimate of beats to produce a
`third estimate of heart beats. The first estimate of heart beats,
`the second estimate of heart beats and the third estimate of
`heart beats are scored and a highest scoring estimate of heart
`beats is selected and output to the display screen.
`[0014] The light source and the reflected light detector can
`be selected for any suitable wavelength or suitable band of
`wavelengths of light ranging from between infrared wave(cid:173)
`lengths through a human visible spectrum to ultraviolet wave(cid:173)
`lengths. The light source includes at least one of an infrared
`(IR) light source, wherein the IR light emitted from the light
`source produces a deadfront at the heart rate monitor location
`of the housing or a green light source and the heart rate
`monitor location includes a translucent green window.
`[0015] The heart rate monitor location includes a cover that
`enables infrared (IR) light of the light source or any other
`wavelength oflight from the light source to pass while block(cid:173)
`ing substantially all light in a human visible spectrum. The
`light source and light detector can additionally function as a
`proximity sensor to activate the display screen. The heart rate
`monitor location can include a button. The button can have an
`infrared (IR) light transmitting structure. The light source and
`the light detector can be disposed substantially below the
`button. The button can also function to navigate to one or
`more metrics of the display screen. The functions to navigate
`can be enabled while the heart beats are measured. The skin
`can be of a finger of a user.
`[0016] Another embodiment provides a method of tracking
`activity including sensing motion with a motion sensor, the
`motion sensor including a processor. The processor is con(cid:173)
`figured for processing motion data produced by the motion
`sensor. Metrics that quantify the motion data produced by the
`motion sensing can be displayed on a device display screen
`integrated with a housing of the motion sensor. A directed
`light is emitted from a light source, the light source being
`included in the housing at a heart rate monitor location on the
`housing and an amount of the light that is reflected back to a
`light detector is captured by the light detector integrated
`within the housing. At least a first portion of the light reflected
`back to the light detector is reflected from a blood vessel
`disposed under a skin of a user when the user places the skin
`over the heart rate monitor location on the housing. The
`processor further being in communication with the light
`detector to enable processing of the reflected light to identify
`heart beats of the user and produce an indication of a heart
`rate. The indication of the heart rate being displayable on the
`display screen as an option, in addition to the metrics that
`quantify the motion data.
`[0017] The method can also include detecting a pressure
`applied to the heart rate monitor location of the housing with
`the skin of the user during the identification of heart beats, the
`pressure being detected by a pressure detecting system
`included in the housing and outputting a feedback signal
`regarding the detected pressure applied to the heart rate moni(cid:173)
`tor location, the feedback indication being indicative of more
`
`or less pressure desired to produce the heart rate. One or both
`of waveform data or numerical data can be displayed when
`the skin of the user is over the heart rate monitor location and
`the heart beats are being identified over a sampling time
`period. The heart rate can be displayed on the display screen
`upon concluding the sampling time period.
`[0018] Yet another embodiment provides a heart rate moni(cid:173)
`tor including a light source and a light detector disposed to
`receive light emitted from the light source and reflected from
`a blood vessel disposed within in a heart rate monitor subject.
`A display screen and a processor coupled to the light source,
`the light detector and the display screen, are also included.
`[0019] Still another embodiment provides an activity track(cid:173)
`ing device including a housing including a motion sensor and
`a processor. The processor is configured for processing
`motion data produced by the motion sensor. A display screen
`is integrated with the housing to display metrics that quantify
`the motion data produced by the motion sensor. A light source
`is also integrated within the housing to enable light to be
`directed out of the housing at a heart rate monitor location on
`the housing and a light detector is integrated within the hous(cid:173)
`ing. The light detector is configured to capture an amount of
`the light that is reflected back to the light detector. At least a
`first portion of the light reflected back to the light detector is
`reflected from a blood vessel disposed under a skin of a user
`when the user places the skin over the heart rate monitor
`location on the housing. The processor is also in communi(cid:173)
`cation with the light detector to enable processing of the
`reflected light to identify heart beats of the user and produce
`an indication of a heart rate that can be displayed on the
`display screen, as an option, in addition to the metrics that
`quantify the motion data. Other aspects and advantages of the
`invention will become apparent from the following detailed
`description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying
`drawings, illustrating by way of example the principles of the
`invention.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`[0020] The present invention will be readily understood by
`the following detailed description in conjunction with the
`accompanying drawings.
`[0021] FIG. lA shows a block diagram of an activity track(cid:173)
`ing device, in accordance with embodiments of the present
`invention
`[0022] FIG. 1B illustrates an example of an activity track(cid:173)
`ing device having a housing in the form of a wearable wrist
`attachable device.
`[0023] FIG. lC illustrates another example of an activity
`tracking device, in accordance with embodiments of the
`present invention.
`[0024] FIG. 2A illustrates an example of activity tracking
`device of FIG. lA, showing some additional example com(cid:173)
`ponents utilized for tracking activity and motion of the
`device, and associated interfaces to display screen.
`[0025] FIG. 2B illustrates an example of activity tracking
`device in communication with a remote device.
`[0026] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate examples of activity
`tracking devices having a heart rate measuring system in the
`form of a wearable wrist attachable device, in accordance
`with embodiments of the present invention.
`[0027] FIGS. 3C and 3D illustrate another example of an
`activity tracking device, in accordance with embodiments of
`the present invention.
`
`-14-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`May 15, 2014
`
`3
`
`[0028] FIG. 4A is a flowchart diagram of heart rate mea(cid:173)
`suring system, in accordance with embodiments of the
`present invention.
`[0029] FIG. 4B is a graphical representation of an example
`series of peaks corresponding to detected heart beats captured
`during a sampling time period STP, in accordance with
`embodiments of the present invention.
`[0030] FIG. 4C is a graphical representation of the filtering
`process for the above example series of peaks, in accordance
`with embodiments of the present invention.
`[0031] FIG. 5 is a flowchart diagram of the method opera(cid:173)
`tions for detecting a heart rate, in accordance with embodi(cid:173)
`ments of the present invention.
`[0032] FIGS. 6A-D illustrate different presentations of the
`calculated heart rate on the display screen, in accordance with
`embodiments of the present invention.
`[0033] FIG. 7 A is a flowchart diagram of the method opera(cid:173)
`tions for adjusting the user pressure on the activity tracking
`device while detecting a heart rate, in accordance with
`embodiments of the present invention.
`[0034] FIGS. 7B and 7C show feedback signals on the
`activity tracing device display, in accordance with embodi(cid:173)
`ments of the present invention.
`[0035] FIG. 8 illustrates an example where various types of
`activities of users can be captured by activity tracking
`devices, in accordance with embodiments of the present
`invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`[0036] Several exemplary embodiments for activity track(cid:173)
`ing devices and methods capable monitoring and displaying
`both a user's activities and the user's heart rate will now be
`described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the
`present invention may be practiced without some or all of the
`specific details set forth herein.
`[0037] The user's heart rate can be measured by directing a
`light of a suitable wavelength into a user's skin and capturing
`a portion of the light reflected from a user's blood vessel
`inside the user's body. The reflected light includes data cor(cid:173)
`responding to the user's heart beats.Using this heart beat data
`and filtering methods and systems provide a rapid, accurate
`measurement of the user's heart rate. Thereby allowing the
`user to monitor both his activity and his heart rate. Motion
`data from a motion sensor within the activity tracking device
`can be used to identify false heart beats and provide a more
`accurate heart rate indication to the user, even while the user
`is engaged in a rigorous activity.
`[0038] Embodiments described in the present disclosure
`provide systems, apparatus, computer readable media, and
`methods for analyzing tracked activity data and providing
`navigation screens and interfaces. Some embodiments are
`directed to providing navigation interfaces for an activity
`tracking device. The activity tracking device includes sensors
`for detecting when physical contact occurs onto the activity
`tracking device and logic for providing a display action to the
`screen of the activity tracking device. The physical contact, in
`one embodiment, can be qualified as an input when the physi(cid:173)
`cal contact has a particular characteristic that is predefined.
`The characteristic can be, when the contact is the result of one
`or more taps, e.g., physical contact to the activity tracking
`device by a finger or hand of the user, or object held by a user
`and used to impart the contact.
`[0039]
`In other embodiments, the input can be non-physi(cid:173)
`cal, such as proximity sensing input. The proximity sensing
`
`input can be processed by an infrared proximity sensor, a
`thermal sensor, etc. The input can also be by way of a button,
`voice input, gaze detected input, input processed in response
`to motion or motion profiles, etc.
`[0040]
`It should be noted that there are many inventions
`described and illustrated herein. The present inventions are
`neither limited to any single aspect nor embodiment thereof,
`nor to any combinations and/or permutations of such aspects
`and/or embodiments. Moreover, each of the aspects of the
`present inventions, and/or embodiments thereof, may be
`employed alone or in combination with one or more of the
`other aspects of the present inventions and/or embodiments
`thereof. For the sake of brevity, many of those permutations
`and combinations will not be discussed separately herein.
`[0041] Further, in the course of describing and illustrating
`the present inventions, various circuitry, architectures, struc(cid:173)
`tures, components, functions and/or elements, as well as com(cid:173)
`binations and/or permutations thereof, are set forth. It should
`be understood that circuitry, architectures, structures, com(cid:173)
`ponents, functions and/or elements other than those specifi(cid:173)
`cally described and illustrated, are contemplated and are
`within the scope of the present inventions, as well as combi(cid:173)
`nations and/or permutations thereof.
`[0042] FIG. lA shows a block diagram of an activity track(cid:173)
`ing device 100, in accordance with embodiments of the
`present invention. The activity tracking device 100 is con(cid:173)
`tained in a housing 101, which may be worn or held by a user.
`The housing 101 may be in the form of a wristband, a clip on
`device, a wearable device, or may be held by the user either in
`the user's hand or in a pocket or attached to the user's body.
`The activity tracking device 100 includes device components
`102, which may be in the form of logic, storage, and glue
`logic, one or more processors, microelectronics, and interfac(cid:173)
`ing circuitry. In one example, the components 102 will
`include a processor 106, memory 108, a wireless transceiver
`110, a user interface 114, biometric sensors 116, and envi(cid:173)
`ronmental sensors 118.
`[0043] The environmental sensors 118 may be in the form
`of motion detecting sensors 118A. In some embodiments, a
`motion sensor 118A can be one or more of an accelerometer,
`or a gyroscope, or a rotary encoder, or a calorie measurement
`sensor, or a heat measurement sensor, or a moisture measure(cid:173)
`ment sensor, or a displacement sensor, or an ultrasonic sensor,
`or a pedometer, or an altimeter, or a linear motion sensor, or an
`angular motion sensor, or a multi-axis motion sensor, or a
`combination thereof.
`[0044] The biometric sensors 116 can be defined to mea(cid:173)
`sure physiological characteristics of the user that is using the
`activity tracking device 100. The user interface 114 provides
`a way for communicating with the activity tracking device
`100, in response to user interaction 104. The user interaction
`104 can be in the form of physical contact (e.g., without
`limitation, tapping, sliding, rubbing, multiple taps, gestures,
`etc.). The biometric sensors 116 can be a one or more prox(cid:173)
`imity sensors 184 capable of detecting the user's presence or
`touch within a predefined distance or proximity. The proxim(cid:173)
`ity sensor 184 can be an infrared (IR) proximity sensor asso(cid:173)
`ciated with the light source 181 and light detector 182, the IR
`proximity sensor configured to activate the light source and
`light detector upon detecting presence of the skin of the user.
`[0045] The light source 181 and the light detector 182 are
`located near the external surface of the activity tracking
`device 100 at a heart rate monitor location 183. The heart rate
`monitor location 183 can include an indicator such as a mark-
`
`-15-
`
`Masimo Ex. 1016
`IPR Petition - USP 10,942,491
`
`

`

`US 2014/0135594 Al
`
`May 15, 2014
`
`4
`
`ing or an image so the user can easily identify the heart rate
`monitor location 183. The marking or image can be a raised
`dot or dimple or a depression or an image of the fingerprint or
`the heart or any other suitable indication of the heart rate
`monitor location 183. The heart rate monitor location 183 can
`include a cover that enables infrared (IR) light of the light
`source 181 to pass while blocking substantially all light in a
`human visible spectrum. The heart rate monitor location 183
`can include the button 126 or be separate from the button. In
`one embodiment, the button 126 has an infrared (IR) light
`transmitting structure and the light source 181 and the light
`detector 182 are disposed below the button, inside the hous(cid:173)
`ing. The button 126 can also provide navigation functions to
`one or more metrics of the display screen 122.
`
`[0046]
`In some embodiments, the user interface 114 is con(cid:173)
`figured to receive user interaction 104 that is in the form of
`noncontact input. The noncontact input can be by way of one
`or more proximity sensors 184, button presses, touch sensi(cid:173)
`tive screen inputs, graphical user interface inputs, voice
`inputs, sound inputs, etc. The activity tracking device 100 can
`communicate with a client and/or server 112 using the wire(cid:173)
`less transceiver 110. The wireless transceiver 110 will allow
`the activity tracking device 100 to communicate using a wire(cid:173)
`less connection, which is enabled by wireless communication
`logic. The wireless communication logic can be in the form of
`a circuit having radio communication capabilities. The radio
`communication capabilities can be in the form of a Wi-Fi
`connection, a Bluetooth connection, a low-energy Bluetooth
`connection, or any other form of wireless tethering or near
`field communication. In still other embodiments, the activity
`tracking device 100 can communicate with other computing
`devices using a wired connection (not shown). As mentioned,
`the environmental sensors 118 can detect motion of the activ(cid:173)
`ity tracking device 100.
`
`[0047] The motion can be activity of the user, such as
`walking, running, stair climbing, etc. The motion can also be
`in the form of physical contact received on any surface of the
`activity tracking device 110, so long as the environmental
`sensors 118 can detect such motion from the physical contact.
`As will be explained in more detail below, the physical con(cid:173)
`tact may be in the form of a tap or multiple taps by a finge