Novo Nordisk Exhibit 2387
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`Cardiovascular Disease and
`Diabetes
`Video: What to know about diabetes and heart disease
`The American Heart Association considers diabetes one of the seven major controllable risk factors for
`cardiovascular disease (CVD).
`In fact, people living with Type 2 diabetes are two times more likely to develop and die from cardiovascular
`disease, such as
`heart attacks, strokes and heart failure, than people who don’t have diabetes.
`Why are people with diabetes at increased risk
`for CVD?
`Diabetes is treatable, but even when glucose levels are under control it greatly increases the risk of heart disease
`and stroke. That's because people with diabetes, particularly Type 2 diabetes, may have the following conditions
`that contribute to their risk for developing CVD.
`High blood pressure (hypertension)
`High blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Studies have shown a link between
`high blood pressure and insulin resistance. When patients have both HBP and diabetes, which is a common
`combination, their risk for CVD increases even more.
`Abnormal cholesterol and high triglycerides
`Patients with diabetes often have unhealthy
`cholesterol levels including high LDL ("bad") cholesterol, low
`HDL ("good") cholesterol, and high triglycerides. This often occurs in patients with premature coronary heart
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`disease. It's also characteristic of a lipid disorder associated with insulin resistance called atherogenic
`dyslipidemia, or diabetic dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes. Learn more about cholesterol
`abnormalities as they relate to diabetes. Download
`Type 2 Diabetes and Cholesterol (PDF).
`Obesity
`Obesity is a major risk factor for CVD and has been strongly associated with insulin resistance. Weight
`loss can improve cardiovascular risk, decrease insulin concentration and increase insulin sensitivity. Obesity
`and insulin resistance also have been associated with other risk factors, including high blood pressure.
`Lack of physical activity
`Physical inactivity is another modiable risk factor for insulin resistance and CVD. Exercising and losing
`weight can prevent or delay the onset of Type 2 diabetes, reduce blood pressure and help reduce the risk for
`heart attack and stroke. Any type of moderate-to vigorous physical activity is benecial, such as sports,
`house work, gardening or work-related physical activity.
`For overall cardiovascular health, the American Heart Association recommends at least 150 minutes of
`moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity per week (or a combination of
`the two), plus moderate-to high-intensity muscle-strengthening activity at least two days per week. Read
`the article: Get Motivated to Get Moving.
`Poorly controlled blood sugar (too high) or out of normal range
`Diabetes can cause blood sugar to rise to dangerous levels. Medications may be needed to manage your
`blood sugar.
`Smoking
`Whether or not they have diabetes, smoking puts people at higher risk for heart disease and stroke. Learn
`how to
`kick the habit.
`People with insulin resistance or diabetes and one or more of these risk factors are at even greater risk of heart
`disease or stroke. People with diabetes may avoid or delay the development of heart and blood vessel disease by
`managing their risk factors. Your health care team will do periodic testing to assess whether you have developed
`any of these risk factors associated with CVD.
`Find more tools and resources for managing your diabetes and reducing your risk for cardiovascular disease at
`KnowDiabetesbyHeart.org.
`Written by American Heart Association editorial staff and reviewed by science and medicine advisors. See our editorial policies and staff.
`Last Reviewed: May 4, 2021
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`Diabetes Risk Factors
`Symptoms, Diagnosis and Monitoring of Diabetes
`Preventing and Treating Diabetes
`Diabetes Tools and Resources
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`Living with Type 2 diabetes?
`Get monthly science-based diabetes and heart-healthy tips in your inbox. Know Diabetes by Heart raises
`awareness that living with Type 2 diabetes increases risk for heart disease and stroke – and that people
`should talk with their doctor at their next appointment about ways to reduce risk.
`Sign up here for the monthly tips
`Conoce Diabetes de Corazón
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`Watch, Learn and Live
`See your cardiovascular system in action with our interactive illustrations and animations.
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