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`aps
`Storage Area
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`eraoy8eee
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`Fortinet Ex. 2006, Page 1 of 6
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`CONTENTS AT A GLANCE
`
`Introduction
`
`Basics of Networking and Data Storage
`The Evolution of Storage Area Networks 7
`Externalizing Storage Using Storage Area Networks 31
`Storage Area Networks and Their
`Components
`Storage Area Network Interfaces 63
`Storage Area Network interconnects 87
`Fibre Channel 109
`Storage Area Network Fabrics 133
`Designing, Managing, and Implementing
`Storage Area Networks
`Designing Storage Area Networks 159
`Implementing Storage Area Networks 191
`Managing Storage Area Networks 239
`The Future of Storage Area Networks 263
`
`Appendixes
`An Advanced Study ofVirtual Interfaces 287
`An Introduction to Available SAN Products 299
`Frequently Asked Questions 309
`Glossary 317
`
`Index 331
`
`NUT
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`ee
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`201 W. 103rd Street
`Indianapolis, Indiana 46290
`
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`Fortinet Ex. 2006, Page 2 of 6
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`Fortinet Ex. 2006, Page 2 of 6
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`Ce
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`1
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`SPECIAL EDITION USING STORAGE AREA NETWORKS
`
`Copyright © 2002 by Que
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be repro-
`duced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any
`means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
`or otherwise, without written permission from the pub-
`lisher. No patentliability is assumed with respect to the
`use of the information contained herein. Although every
`precaution has beentakenin the preparation ofthis book,
`the publisher and author assume no responsibility for
`errors or omissions. Noris any liability assumed for dam-
`ages resulting from the use of the information contained
`herein.
`
`International Standard Book Number: 0-7897-2574-6
`
`Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 20-01096112
`
`Printed in the United States of America
`
`First Printing: November 2001
`
`04
`
`03
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`02 Ol
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`43 2
`
`1
`
`Trademarks
`
`Associate Publisher
`i HN)
`Dean Midler
`
`Acquisitions Editor
`CandyHall
`
`Development Editor
`Sean Dixon
`
`Managing Editor
`Thomas Hayes
`
`Project Editor
`Tricia Liebig
`
`Copy Editor
`Sean Dixon
`
`Indexer
`Bill Meyers
`Proofreader
`Melissa Lynch
`Technical Editor
`Aaron Rogers
`Team Coordinator
`Cindy Teeters
`
`Interior Designer
`Ruth Harvey
`
`All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be
`trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capi-
`talized. Que cannotattest to the accuracy of this informa-
`tion. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as
`affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.
`
`Cover Designer
`Dan Armstrong
`Ruth Harvey
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`Page Layout
`Susan Geiselman
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`Warning and Disclaimer
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`Every effort has been made to make this book as complete
`and as accurate as possible, but no warranty orfitnessis
`implied. The information provided is on an “as is” basis.
`The author(s) and the publisher shall have neitherliability
`norresponsibility to any person or entity with respect to
`any loss or damagesarising from the information con-
`tained in this book.
`
`Fortinet Ex. 2006, Page 3 of 6
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`Fortinet Ex. 2006, Page 3 of 6
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` 100Mbps
`
`gare 6.10
`Ethernet
`= 100Mbps
`Ethernet
`_eeved Ethernetis
`
`switch
` Workgroup
`_speected through an
`
`ATM
`
`Server
`
`SAN Topotocies [| 145
`
`“a
`
`
`
`
`ATM Backbone
`
`
`ATM
`
`ATM
`switch
`
`
`uplink
`
`port
`
`
`
`
`
` 10Mbps
`switch
`ATM
`
`clients
`
`
`=
`Workgroup
`Server
`
`Workgroup
`server
`
`Client
`
`Client 2
`
`Client 3
`
`Client 4
`
`10Mbps
`clients
`
`SAN TOPOLOGIES
`SAN makesuse of three kinds of topologies in its configuration: point-to-point, arbitrated
`loop, and switched. Whenthese three topologies are interconnected,a fabric is created.
`Point-to-point is a simple andeasily applied topology for connecting two nodes, and the
`bandwidth is dedicated to these two nodes. A connection between a storage device and a
`server uses point-to-point topology. The point-to-point connectivity is also applicable
`between two CPUs. This type of topology is best used on a smallscale.
`
`TheJoop (arbitrated) topology ensuresthat the bandwidth is shared between all the nodes
`that are connectedto the loop, unlike point-to-point topology. The loop can also be con-
`nected node-to-node, but this might cause the loop to stop functioning if even one node
`malfunctions. Thearbitrated loopis cost-effective in terms of the high bandwidth and con-
`nectivity it offers. The arbitrated-loop technology can supportup to 126 nodes.Itis possi-
`ble to connect a loop to a Fibre Channel switch to further increase a fabric’s size.
`
`PART
`Il
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`
`
`CH
`a
`6
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`Fortinet Ex. 2006, Page 4 of 6
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`146 l CHAPTER 6
`
`STORAGE AREA NETWORK FABRICS
`
`‘The switchedfabric topology is appropriate for large-scale or enterprise networks in which a
`numberofusers are interconnected and need to access or share a common data storage
`array. Afabric is used to connect networks across large distances. The fabric can connect a
`maximum of 16 million nodes. It offers a maximum bandwidth of 200MBpstimes the num-
`ber of nodes. The fabric can comprise one or more electronic switching devices to enable a
`point-to-point connection between thepairs of nodes.
`Thefabric is not limited in terms of the number ofloopsit can connect. To make a compar-
`ison, a switched fabric worksin a similar fashion to a switched telephone network in thatit
`can provide a dedicated connection between multiple pairs of nodes. In a switched fabric
`network, the data throughputvalue is greater than that of point-to-point and loop configu-
`rations. The higher data throughputis due to the chancesof a numberofdedicated paths
`throughthefabric.
`To learn more aboutpoint-to-point and arbitrated loop topologies, see “Arbitrated Loop Topology,”
`p. 126
`
`=>
`
`FIBRE CHANNEL SWITCHES
`
`Fibre Channel switches work in a style similar to conventional switches and offer increased
`bandwidth and performance. Fibre Channel switchesdiffer in terms of the numberofports
`theycan support. It is possible to connect a numberof switches to forma switch fabric. If
`multiple switches are connected,it is important to copy (cascade) each switch’s configuration
`into the remaining switches that are connected.
`
`NON-CASCADED SWITCHED FABRIC
`
`A non-cascaded switched fabric can support configurations that are required by large enter-
`prises. This type of configuration can be set up in such a waythatit allows every system to
`have the required access to each switch. In this manner, if a switchfails, it is possible for the
`system to use any controller and ensure continuous operation. The Fibre Channel switched
`topology for non-cascading switches is shown in Figure 6.11.
`
`CASCADED SWITCHED FABRIC
`
`A cascaded switchedfabric offers interconnections between switches. The main benefit of 2
`switchedfabric is that it serves as a logical switch with a single connection working to pro-
`vide access to all the other ports that are presenton theset of switches. The Fibre Channel
`switched topology for switches with cascading is shown in Figure 6.12.
`
`Fibre Channel protocols allow dynamicas well as permanent data paths between the nodes
`that are on the switched fabric. A permanent data path ensures a guaranteed bandwidth
`between two nodes. A dynamic path provides the freedom for any nodethatis connected tc
`the fabric to communicate with another node aslong as a third nodeis also nottrying to
`communicate with the target simultaneously.
`
`In the current market, where data storageis a necessity, storage area network products are i=
`great demand. These products need to offer high bandwidth, resource sharing, and flexible
`
`Fortinet Ex. 2006, Page 5 of 6
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`Fortinet Ex. 2006, Page 5 of 6
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`

`

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`Link the storage resources to the servers by using SAN
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`Fortinet Ex. 2006, Page 6 of 6
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