IBM DICTIONARY
`OF COMPUTING
`
`Compiled and edited by
`GEORGE McDANIEL
`
`McGRAW-HILL,INC.
`New York SanFrancisco Washington,D.C. Auckland Bogota
`Caracas Lisbon London Madrid MexicoCity Milan
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`PETITIONER GOOGLE EX. 1018
`PETITIONER GOOGLE EX. 1018
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`Limitation ofLiability
`While the Editor and Publisher of this book have made reasonable efforts to
`ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the information contained herein,nei-
`ther the Editor nor the Publishershall have anyliability with respect to loss or
`damage causedoralleged to be caused by reliance on any information con-
`tained herein.
`
`Copyright © 1994 by International Business Machines Corporation.All rights
`reserved, Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under
`the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be
`reproduced ordistributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data
`base or retrieval system, without the prior written permisssion of the pub-
`lisher.
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`34567890 DOCIDOC 99876
`
`ISBN 0-07-031488-8 (HC)
`ISBN 0-07-031489-6 (PBK)
`
`The sponsoring editorfor this book was Daniel A. Gonneau and the
`production supervisor was Thomas G. Kowalczyk.
`
`Printed and boundby R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company.
`
`Tenth Edition (August 1993)
`This is a major revision of the IBM Dictionary of Computing, SC20-1699-8,
`which is made obsolete by this edition. Changes are made periodically to the
`information providedherein.
`It is possible that this material may contain reference to, or information about,
`IBM products (machines and programs), programming,or services that are
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`gramming,or services in your country. Comments may be addressed to IBM
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`NC 27709.
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`International Edition
`Copyright © 1994 by International Business Machines Corporation. Exclusive
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`re-exported from the country to whichit is consigned by McGraw-Hill. The
`International Editionis not available in North America.
`Whenorderingthistitle, use ISBN 0-07-113383-6.
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`This bookis printed on acid-free paper,
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`PETITIONERGOOGLEna?
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`data attribute
`
`[165]
`
`database key
`
`data attribute A characteristic of a unit of data such
`as length, value, or method of representation. (A)
`
`transaction processing component are the two major
`components of DPPX/DTMS.
`
`specific
`a_
`data authority In the AS/400 system,
`authority to read, add, update, or delete data. See also
`add authority, delete authority, read authority, update
`authority.
`
`data bank (1) A set of data related to a given subject
`and organized in such a way that it can be consulted
`by subscribers.
`(T)
`(2) A comprehensive collection
`of libraries of data;
`for example, one line of an
`invoice may form an item, a complete invoice may
`form a record, a complete set of such records may
`form a file,
`the collection of inventory control files
`may form a library, and the libraries used by an
`organization are known as its data bank.
`
`database (1) A collection of data with a given struc-
`ture for accepting, storing, and providing, on demand,
`data for multiple users.
`(T)
`(2) A collection of
`interrelated data organized according to a database
`schema to serve one or more applications.
`(T)
`a
`(3) A collection
`of
`data
`fundamental
`to
`system. (A)
`(4) A collection of data fundamental to
`an enterprise. (A)
`
`data base See database.
`
`the
`database administration The performance of
`functions of defining, organizing, controlling, and pro-
`tecting data in a database. (T)
`
`database administration language (DAL) A lan-
`guage for database administration. (T)
`
`individual
`(DBA) (1) An_
`database administrator
`responsible for
`the design, development, operation,
`safeguarding,
`maintenance,
`and
`use
`of
`a
`database. (T)
`(2) The person who defines, organ-
`izes, manages, controls, and protects
`a database.
`(A)
`(3) A person whois responsible for a database
`system, particularly for defining the rules by which
`data are accessed and stored. The database adminis-
`trator is usually responsible also for database integrity,
`security, performance, and recovery.
`(4) In systems
`with the Hierarchical Storage Manager,
`the person
`authorized to issue system programmer and operator
`commands and responsible for managing auxiliary
`Storage space.
`
`Data Base and Transaction Management System A
`DPPX licensed program that handles both transaction
`processing and database requests.
`
`database call In DL/I, a method ofidentifying spe-
`cific data within a DB/DC database.
`
`the compo-
`database component In DPPX/DTMS,
`hent that provides services for databases. This and the
`
`the col-
`database description (DBD) In IMS/VS,
`lection of macroparameter statements that describes an
`IMS/VS database.
`These statements describe the
`hierarchical
`structure,
`IMS/VS_ organization, device
`type, segment
`length, sequence fields, and alternate
`search fields.
`The statements
`are assembled to
`produce database description blocks.
`
`database description generation (DBDGEN) The
`process by which a database description is created.
`
`database design aid (DBDA) A design tool that per-
`forms a comprehensive analysis of application data
`requirements for OS/VS and VSEusers.
`
`database directory A DL/1 directory of all physical
`databases to be used by the CICS system.
`
`database facility (DBF) (1) A set of commands in
`Programmable Store System Host Support used to
`create and maintain data in the host processor.
`(2) The group of modules in Programmable Store
`System Host Support
`that
`interpret, control,
`and
`execute the user-coded database facility (DBF) com-
`mands.
`
`database file (1) An object that contains descriptions
`of how input data are to be presented to a program
`from internal storage and how output data are to be
`presented to internal storage from a program. See also
`logical file, physical file.
`(2) In the OS/400 operating
`system, one of several types of the system object type
`FILE kept in the system that contains descriptions of
`how input data is to be presented to a program from
`internal storage and how output data is to be presented
`to internal storage from a program. See also physical
`file, logical file.
`
`database handler The component of a database man-
`agement system that interprets the database calls, and
`that coordinates and executes the corresponding data-
`base access. (T)
`
`database integrity In IMS/VS,the protection of data
`items in a database while they are available to any
`application program. This includes the isolation of
`effects of concurrent updates to a database by two or
`more application programs.
`
`database key (1) A key, assigned by the database
`management system,
`that unambiguously identifies a
`record in a database. (T)
`(2) A unique value that
`serves as a pointer that identifies a record in the data-
`base to a run unit, and that may be used by the run
`unit to reselect the same record.
`(A)
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