`
`
`
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`
`In re Patent of: Maged F. Barsoum et al.
`U.S. Patent No.:
`10,693,700 Attorney Docket No.: 19688-0196IP2
`Issue Date:
`June 23, 2020
`
`Appl. Serial No.: 16/726,037
`
`Filing Date:
`December 23, 2019
`
`Title:
`RECEIVERS INCORPORATING NON-UNIFORM
`MULTIDIMENSIONAL CONSTELLATIONS AND CODE RATE
`PAIRS
`
`
`
`Mail Stop Patent Board
`Patent Trial and Appeal Board
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
`P.O. Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`
`
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW OF UNITED STATES PATENT
`NO. 10,693,700 PURSUANT TO 35 U.S.C. §§ 311–319, 37 C.F.R. § 42
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`I.
`
`REQUIREMENTS FOR IPR .......................................................................... 1
`
`A. Standing .................................................................................................... 1
`
`B. Challenge and Relief Requested ............................................................... 1
`
`II.
`
`THE CHALLENGED CLAIMS ARE NOT ENTITLED TO A JUNE 5,
`
`2007 PRIORITY DATE .................................................................................. 2
`
`A. Legal Standard for Priority ....................................................................... 2
`
`1.
`
`The Barsoum Patents Do Not Contain Written Description
`
`Support For the Claimed Code Rate Ranges of Claims 2-3, 12-13,
`
`and 22-23 ......................................................................................... 4
`
`2.
`
`The Text of the Barsoum Patents Do Not Contain Any Blaze
`
`Marks Directing a POSITA to the Claimed Code Rate Ranges ..... 5
`
`3.
`
`The Written Description of the Barsoum Patents Do Not
`
`Demonstrate that the Patent Owner Was “In Possession” of the
`
`Communication System Claimed by claims 2-3, 12-13, and 22-23
`
` .......................................................................................................11
`
`4.
`
`The Written Description of the Barsoum Patents Do Not
`
`Demonstrate that the Patent Owner Was “In Possession” of a
`
`Communication System recited by claims 5, 15, and 25 .............13
`
`5.
`
`The Written Description of the Barsoum Patents Does Not
`
`Demonstrate that the Patent Owner Was “In Possession” of a
`
`Communication System where “each of the plurality” of
`
`Multidimensional Symbol Constellations have a Greater Parallel
`
`Decoding Capacity than Other Symbol Constellations at the “same
`
`SNR” as recited by claims 5, 15, and 25 .......................................15
`
`i
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`III. OVERVIEW OF THE ’700 PATENT ..........................................................19
`
`A. Brief Description of the ’700 Patent .......................................................19
`
`B. Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art ...........................................................28
`
`IV. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION ..........................................................................28
`
`V. APPLICATION OF PRIOR ART TO THE CHALLENGED CLAIMS ......28
`
`A. Ground 1A: ’777 patent in view of ATSC322 .......................................28
`
`1. Overview of the ’777 patent ..........................................................29
`
`2. Overview of the ATSC322 ............................................................30
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`The ’777-ATSC322 Combination .................................................34
`
`Reasons to Combine the ’777 patent and ATSC322 .....................37
`
`5. Manner in which ’777-ATSC322 renders the Challenged Claims
`
`obvious ..........................................................................................39
`
`B. Ground 1B: the ’777 patent in view of ATSC327 ..................................67
`
`1. Overview of the ATSC327 ............................................................67
`
`2.
`
`3.
`
`The ’777-ATSC327 Combination .................................................70
`
`Reasons to Combine the ’777 patent with ATSC327 ...................73
`
`4. Manner in which the ’777-ATSC327 combination renders the
`
`Challenged Claims obvious ...........................................................75
`
`VI. DISCRETIONARY DENIAL IS NOT MERITED IN VIEW OF
`
`PETITIONER’S SOTERA STIPULATION ..................................................79
`
`VII. CONCLUSION ..............................................................................................80
`
`VIII. FEES ..............................................................................................................80
`
`IX. MANDATORY NOTICES UNDER 37 C.F.R § 42.8(a)(1) .........................80
`
`A. Real Parties-In-Interest Under 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1) ...........................81
`
`B. Related Matters Under 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2) .......................................81
`
`ii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`C. Lead And Back-Up Counsel Under 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(3) ...................81
`
`D. Service Information ................................................................................81
`
`
`
`iii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`EXHIBITS
`
`LGE1001
`
`
`
`U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`
`LGE1002
`
`Prosecution History for U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`LGE1003
`
`Expert Declaration of Dr. Bertrand Hochwald
`
`LGE1004
`
`RESERVED
`
`LGE1005
`
`RESERVED
`
`LGE1006
`
`RESERVED
`
`LGE1007
`
`RESERVED
`
`LGE1008
`
`Ulrich Reimers et al., DVB The Family of International
`Standards for Digital Video Broadcasting, Second Edition,
`2005 (“Ulrich”)
`
`LGE1009
`
`RESERVED
`
`LGE1010
`
`U.S. Provisional application No. 60/933,319 (“’319
`Provisional”)
`
`LGE1011
`
`Declaration of June Munford (ATSC322)
`
`LGE1012
`
`Second Stipulation by Petitioner, LGE, Constellation Designs,
`LLC v. LG Electronics, Inc. et al, Case No. 2:21-cv-00448
`(E.D. Tex.)
`
`LGE1013
`
`RESERVED
`
`LGE1014
`
`De Gaudenzi et al., Turbo-coded APSK modulations design for
`satellite broadband communications, Int. J. Satell. Commun.
`Network. 2006; 24:261–281, Published online 19 May 2006 in
`Wiley InterScience (“DeGaudenzi”)
`
`iv
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`LGE1015
`
`U.S. Patent No. 7,978,777
`
`LGE1016
`
`RESERVED
`
`LGE1017
`
`RESERVED
`
`LGE1018
`
`LGE1019
`
`LGE1020
`
`Memorandum, Interim Procedure for Discretionary Denials in
`AIA Post-Grant Proceedings with Parallel District Court
`Litigation (USPTO June 21, 2022) (“Interim Procedure”)
`
`Docket Control Order, Constellation Designs, LLC v. LG
`Electronics, Inc. et al, Case No. 2:21-cv-00448 (E.D. Tex.)
`
`Complaint, Constellation Designs, LLC v. LG Electronics, Inc.
`et al, Case No. 2:21-cv-00448 (E.D. Tex.)
`
`LGE1021
`
`RESERVED
`
`LGE1022
`
`ATSC Recommended Practice: Guidelines for the Physical
`Layer Protocol, Document no. A/327:2018
`
`LGE1023
`
`LGE1024
`
`LGE1025
`
`ATSC 3.0 Standard: Physical Layer Protocol, Document no.
`A/322:2018
`
`Loghin, et al., Non-Uniform Constellations for ATSC 3.0, IEEE
`Transactions on Broadcasting, Vol 62, No. 1, March 2016.
`(“Loghin”)
`
`G. Ungerboeck, Channel Coding with Multilevel/Phase Signals,
`IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Vol. IT-28, No. 1, Jan. 1982, pp.
`55-67 (“Ungerboeck”)
`
`LGE1026
`
`Declaration of June Munford (ATSC327)
`
`LGE1027
`
`Declaration of June Munford (DG)
`
`LGE1028
`
`Declaration of June Munford (Loghin)
`
`
`
`v
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`LIST OF CLAIMS
`
`Claim 1
`
`[1pre] A communication system, comprising:
`
`[1a]
`
`a receiver capable of receiving signals via a communication channel
`
`having a channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), wherein the receiver
`
`comprises:
`
`[1b]
`
`a demodulator capable of demodulating a received signal into a
`
`demodulated signal;
`
`[1c]
`
`a demapper, coupled to the demodulator, capable of determining
`
`likelihoods using the demodulated signal and a multidimensional
`
`symbol constellation selected from a plurality of multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations; and
`
`[1d]
`
`a decoder, coupled to the demapper, capable of using the likelihoods
`
`determined by the demapper to provide a sequence of received bits
`
`based upon a low density parity check (LDPC) code;
`
`vi
`
`

`

`[1e]
`
`wherein the plurality of multidimensional symbol constellations
`
`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`comprises a plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations having the same number of constellation points,
`
`where the constellation points are non-uniformly spaced in each
`
`degree of freedom available to the multidimensional symbol
`
`constellations;
`
`[1f]
`
`wherein the receiver is capable of selecting an LDPC code rate and
`
`multidimensional symbol constellation pair from a plurality of
`
`predetermined LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol
`
`constellation pairs, where each of the plurality of different non-
`
`uniform multidimensional symbol constellations is only included in
`
`one of the plurality of predetermined LDPC code rate and
`
`multidimensional symbol constellation pairs.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`vii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`Claim 2
`
`[2a]
`
`The communication system of claim 1, wherein:
`
`the demodulator is capable of using a demodulation scheme that is
`
`based on quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and the degrees of
`
`freedom available to the multidimensional symbol constellations are
`
`in phase and quadrature components;
`
`[2b]
`
`each of the plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations is a sixteen point quadrature amplitude
`
`modulated (QAM) symbol constellation; and
`
`[2c]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the plurality of different non-uniform
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations have an LDPC code rate that
`
`is equal to or greater than 3/8 and less than or equal to 6/8.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`viii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`Claim 3
`
`[3a]
`
`The communication system of claim 2, wherein:
`
`the plurality of multidimensional symbol constellations further
`
`comprises an additional plurality of different non-uniform
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations that are quadrature amplitude
`
`modulated (QAM) symbol constellations and comprise multiple
`
`different sixty-four-point symbol constellations, multiple different
`
`two-hundred-fifty-six-point symbol constellations, and multiple
`
`different one-thousand-twenty-four-point symbol constellations;
`
`
`
`[3b]
`
`the constellation points of the additional plurality of different non-
`
`uniform multidimensional symbol constellations are non-uniformly
`
`spaced in each degree of freedom available to the multidimensional
`
`symbol constellation;
`
`[3c]
`
`each of the additional plurality of different non-uniform
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations is only included in one of the
`
`plurality of predetermined LDPC code rate and multidimensional
`
`symbol constellation pairs;
`
`ix
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`[3d]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the multiple different sixty-four-point symbol
`
`constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or greater than
`
`2/6 and less than or equal to 5/6;
`
`[3e]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the multiple different two-hundred-fifty-six-point
`
`symbol constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or
`
`greater than 3/8 and less than or equal to 7/8;
`
`[3f]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the multiple different one-thousand-twenty-four-
`
`point symbol constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or
`
`greater than 4/10 and less than or equal to 9/10.
`
`Claim 5
`
`[5a]
`
`The communication system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality
`
`of different non-uniform multidimensional symbol constellations is
`
`capable of providing a greater parallel decoding capacity at a specific
`
`SNR than the other symbol constellations in the plurality of
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations at the same SNR.
`
`x
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`Claim 11
`
`[11pre] A communication system, comprising:
`
`[11a]
`
`a receiver that receives signals via a communication channel having a
`
`channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), wherein the receiver comprises:
`
`[11b]
`
`a demapper that determines likelihoods using the demodulated signal
`
`and a multidimensional symbol constellation selected from a plurality
`
`of multidimensional symbol constellations; and
`
`[11c]
`
`a decoder that uses the likelihoods determined by the demapper to
`
`provide a sequence of received bits based upon a low density parity
`
`check (LDPC) code;
`
`[11d] wherein the demapper is interposed between the demodulator and the
`
`decoder and the demapper receives information from the demodulator
`
`and provides information to the decoder;
`
`xi
`
`

`

`[11e] wherein the plurality of multidimensional symbol constellations
`
`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`comprises a plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations having the same number of constellation points,
`
`where the constellation points are non-uniformly spaced in each
`
`degree of freedom available to the multidimensional symbol
`
`constellations;
`
`[11f] wherein the receiver selects an LDPC code rate and multidimensional
`
`symbol constellation pair from a plurality of predetermined LDPC
`
`code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs, where
`
`each of the plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations is only included in one of the plurality of
`
`predetermined LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol
`
`constellation pairs.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`xii
`
`

`

`Claim 12
`
`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`[12a]
`
`The communication system of claim 11, wherein the demodulator
`
`uses a demodulation scheme that is based on quadrature amplitude
`
`modulation (QAM) and the degrees of freedom available to the
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations are in phase and quadrature
`
`components;
`
`[12b]
`
`each of the plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations is a sixteen point quadrature amplitude
`
`modulated (QAM) symbol constellation; and
`
`[12c]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the plurality of different non-uniform
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations have an LDPC code rate that
`
`is equal to or greater than 3/8 and less than or equal to 6/8.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`xiii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`Claim 13
`
`[13a]
`
`The communication system of claim 12, wherein: the plurality of
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations further comprises an
`
`additional plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional symbol
`
`constellations that are quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM)
`
`symbol constellations and comprise multiple different sixty-four-point
`
`symbol constellations, multiple different two-hundred-fifty-six-point
`
`symbol constellations, and multiple different one-thousand-twenty-
`
`four-point symbol constellations;
`
`[13b]
`
`the constellation points of the additional plurality of different non-
`
`uniform multidimensional symbol constellations are non-uniformly
`
`spaced in each degree of freedom available to the multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations;
`
`[13c]
`
`each of the additional plurality of different non-uniform
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations is only included in one of the
`
`plurality of predetermined LDPC code rate and multidimensional
`
`symbol constellation pairs;
`
`xiv
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`[13d]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the multiple different sixty-four-point symbol
`
`constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or greater than
`
`2/6 and less than or equal to 5/6;
`
`[13e]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the multiple different two-hundred-fifty-six-point
`
`symbol constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or
`
`greater than 3/8 and less than or equal to 7/8;
`
`[13f]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the multiple different one-thousand-twenty-four-
`
`point symbol constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or
`
`greater than 4/10 and less than or equal to 9/10.
`
`Claim 15
`
`[15a]
`
`The communication system of claim 11, wherein each of the plurality
`
`of different non-uniform multidimensional symbol constellations has
`
`a greater parallel decoding capacity at a specific SNR than the other
`
`symbol constellations in the plurality of multidimensional symbol
`
`constellations at the same SNR.
`
`xv
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`Claim 21
`
`[21pre] A communication system, comprising:
`
`[21a]
`
`a receiver that receives signals via a communication channel having a
`
`channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), wherein the receiver uses a
`
`multidimensional symbol constellation to transform the received
`
`signals into received bits and the multidimensional symbol
`
`constellation is selected from a plurality of multidimensional symbol
`
`constellations;
`
`[21b] wherein the plurality of multidimensional symbol constellations
`
`comprises a plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations having the same number of constellation points,
`
`where the constellation points are non-uniformly spaced in each
`
`degree of freedom available to the multidimensional symbol
`
`constellations;
`
`xvi
`
`

`

`[21c] wherein the receiver selects an LDPC code rate and multidimensional
`
`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`symbol constellation pair from a plurality of predetermined LDPC
`
`code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs, where
`
`each of the plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations is only included in one of the plurality of
`
`predetermined LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol
`
`constellation pairs.
`
`Claim 22
`
`[22a]
`
`The communication system of claim 21, wherein: the receiver uses a
`
`demodulation scheme that is based on quadrature amplitude
`
`modulation (QAM) and the degrees of freedom available to the
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations are in phase and quadrature
`
`components;
`
`[22b]
`
`each of the plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations is a sixteen point quadrature amplitude
`
`modulated (QAM) symbol constellation; and
`
`xvii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`[22c]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the plurality of different non-uniform
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations have an LDPC code rate that
`
`is equal to or greater than 3/8 and less than or equal to 6/8.
`
`Claim 23
`
`[23a]
`
`The communication system of claim 22, wherein: the plurality of
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations further comprises an
`
`additional plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional symbol
`
`constellations that are quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM)
`
`symbol constellations and comprise multiple different sixty-four-point
`
`symbol constellations, multiple different two-hundred-fifty-six-point
`
`symbol constellations, and multiple different one-thousand-twenty-
`
`four-point symbol constellations;
`
`[23b]
`
`the constellation points of the additional plurality of different non-
`
`uniform multidimensional symbol constellations are non-uniformly
`
`spaced in each degree of freedom available to the multidimensional
`
`symbol constellations;
`
`xviii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`[23c]
`
`each of the additional plurality of different non-uniform
`
`multidimensional symbol constellations is only included in one of the
`
`plurality of predetermined LDPC code rate and multidimensional
`
`symbol constellation pairs;
`
`[23d]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the multiple different sixty-four-point symbol
`
`constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or greater than
`
`2/6 and less than or equal to 5/6;
`
`[23e]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the multiple different two-hundred-fifty-six-point
`
`symbol constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or
`
`greater than 3/8 and less than or equal to 7/8;
`
`[23f]
`
`the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
`
`that include one of the multiple different one-thousand-twenty-four-
`
`point symbol constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or
`
`greater than 4/10 and less than or equal to 9/10.
`
`
`
`
`
`xix
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`Claim 25
`
`[25a]
`
`The communication system of claim 21, wherein each of the plurality
`
`of different non-uniform multidimensional symbol constellations has
`
`a greater parallel decoding capacity at a specific SNR than the other
`
`symbol constellations in the plurality of multidimensional symbol
`
`constellations at the same SNR.
`
`
`
`
`xx
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`
`
`LG Electronics, Inc. (“Petitioner” or “LGE”) petitions for inter partes review
`
`(“IPR”) of claims 2-3, 5, 12-13, 15, 22-23, and 25 (“the Challenged Claims”) of
`
`U.S. Patent 10,693,700 (“the ’700 Patent”). As explained below, the Challenged
`
`Claims are unpatentable.
`
`I. REQUIREMENTS FOR IPR
`
`A. Standing
`
`Petitioner certifies that the ’700 Patent is available for IPR. Petitioner is not
`
`barred or estopped from requesting this review. Petitioner was served with a
`
`complaint of infringement of the ’700 Patent on December 9, 2021. LGE1013.
`
`B. Challenge and Relief Requested
`
`Petitioner requests IPR of the Challenged Claims on the grounds1 identified
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`in the table below. Additional explanation and support for each ground is set forth
`
`in the declaration of Dr. Hochwald (LGE1003). LGE1003, ¶¶[1]-[228].
`
`Ground
`
`Claims
`
`Prior Art Basis
`
`1A
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`2-3, 12-13, 22-23
`
`§103 – ’777 patent in view of
`ATSC322
`
`
`
` Petitioner is not conceding that each challenged claim satisfies all statutory
`
` 1
`
`requirements, such as 35 U.S.C. § 112. As this is an IPR petition, Petitioner is
`
`asserting prior art-based grounds. Petitioner is not waiving any arguments
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`concerning other grounds that can only be raised in district court.
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`1
`
`

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`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`Ground
`
`1B
`
`Claims
`
`5, 15, 25
`
`Prior Art Basis
`
`§103 – ’777 patent in view of
`ATSC327
`
`
`
`The ’700 Patent was filed on Dec. 23, 2019 and claims the benefit of U.S.
`
`Provisional application No. 60/933,319 (“’319 Provisional” or LGE1010), which
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`was filed on June 5, 2007. As explained in Section II(A)-(B) below, the Challenged
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`Claims are not entitled to the June 5, 2007 priority date, and should be assigned a
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`priority date of December 23, 2019, the filing date of the ’700 patent. Each of the
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`references relied upon in this Petitioner are prior art under 35 §§ 102(a)(1) in view
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`of the December 23, 2019 priority date. The declarations of June Munford
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`(LGE1011) and ATSC (LGE1024) provide additional information regarding the
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`public availability of the non-patent literature references.
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`II. THE CHALLENGED CLAIMS ARE NOT ENTITLED TO A JUNE
`5, 2007 PRIORITY DATE
`
`A. Legal Standard for Priority
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`In order to rely on the filing date of an earlier application, 35 U.S.C. § 120
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`requires that the earlier application include a disclosure that complies with the
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`written description requirement of 35 U.S.C. § 112. Lockwood v. Am. Airlines,
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`2
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`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`Inc., 107 F.3d 1564, 1571-72 (Fed. Cir. 1997).2 To comply with the written
`
`description requirement, the specification “must describe the inventions
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`sufficiently to convey to a person of skill in the art that the patentee had possession
`
`of the claimed invention at the time of the application, i.e., that the patentee
`
`invented what is claimed.” Lizardtech, Inc. v. Earth Res. Mapping Inc., 424 F.3d
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`1336, 1345 (Fed. Cir. 2005).
`
`In evaluating whether a disclosure provides a sufficient written description,
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`the Federal Circuit has held that “one cannot disclose a forest in the original
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`application, and then later pick a tree out of the forest and say here is my invention.
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`In order to satisfy the written description requirement, the blaze marks directing
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`the skilled artisan to that tree must be in the originally filed disclosure.”
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`Purdue Pharma, 230 F.3d at 1326-1327 (emphasis added); see also Indivior UK
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`Limited v. Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories S.A., 18 F.4th 1323, 1328-29 (2021).
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`Here, the Challenged Claims were not “original claims” of any priority
`
`application, and the claimed subject matter was not included in the ’319
`
`
`
` See SAP Am., Inc. v. Pi-Net Int’l, Inc., IPR No. 2014-00414, Paper No. 11, 11-14
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` 2
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`(PTAB Aug. 18, 2014) (relying on § 112 case law is proper in an inter partes
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`review to establish effective filing date)
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`3
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`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`provisional application or the ’777 patent (collectively referred to herein as the
`
`“Barsoum Patents”). LGE1010; LGE1015. Instead, the text of the challenged
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`claims were filed on December 23, 2019 when US. App. No. 16/726,037, which
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`eventually issued as the ’700 patent, was filed. LGE1002, 1,088-1,097. This
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`December 23, 2019 filing is more than 12 years after the earliest priority date of
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`the Barsoum Patents.
`
`1. The Barsoum Patents Do Not Contain Written
`Description Support For the Claimed Code Rate
`Ranges of Claims 2-3, 12-13, and 22-23
`
`The Barsoum Patents lack written description support for the limitations of
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`claims 2-3, 12-13, and 22-23 directed towards respective QAM constellations
`
`having an LDPC code rate within a specific range of LDPC code rates. Claims 2,
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`12, and 22 are directed towards a QAM constellation having “an LDPC code rate
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`that is equal to or greater than 3/8 and less than or equal to 6/8.” LGE1003,
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`¶[50]; LGE1001, 14:6-55, 16:6-55, 18:1-50. Claims 3, 13, and 23, depend from
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`claims 2, 12, and 22, respectively, and further comprises specific limitations of an
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`additional plurality of different non-uniform multidimensional symbol
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`constellations comprising claim multiple different sixty-four-point QAM
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`constellations, multiple different QAM-256 constellations, and multiple different
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`QAM-1024 constellations, wherein each of the additional plurality of different
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`non-uniform multidimensional symbol constellations is only included in one of the
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`4
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`plurality of predetermined LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol
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`constellation pairs, wherein:
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` the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
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`that include one of the multiple different sixty-four-point symbol
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`QAM constellations have an LDPC code rate that is equal to or
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`greater than 2/6 and less than or equal to 5/6;
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` the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
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`that include one of the multiple different two-hundred-fifty-six-point
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`symbol QAM constellations have an an LDPC code rate that is equal
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`to or greater than 3/8 and less than or equal to 7/8; and
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` the LDPC code rate and multidimensional symbol constellation pairs
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`that include one of the multiple different one-thousand-twenty-four-
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`point symbol QAM constellations have an LDPC code rate that is
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`equal to or greater than 4/10 and less than or equal to 9/10.
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`Id. The Barsoum Patents do not contain written description support for these claim
`
`features sufficient to show that the Patent Owner had possession of the claimed
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`subject matter as of the priority dates of the Barsoum Patents. LGE1003, ¶[51]
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`2. The Text of the Barsoum Patents Do Not Contain Any
`Blaze Marks Directing a POSITA to the Claimed Code
`Rate Ranges
`
`5
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`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`There is nothing in the Barsoum Patents that demonstrates that the claimed
`
`code rate ranges and constellations were part of their invention. LGE1010, 1-6.
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`To contrary, the ’319 provisional application explains that there is “link margin to
`
`be gained by tailoring the design of a constellation for a specific code rate.”
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`LGE1010, 2 (emphasis added). LGE1003, ¶[52]
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`To achieve the link margin gain, the ’319 provisional application seeks to
`
`parameterize constellation design based on a target code rate. Id. Indeed, the ’319
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`provisional application explains that “optimal design of a constellation depends on
`
`the target code rate to be used with it.” LGE1010, 2. To this end, the ’319
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`provisional application found that “[t]he number of user bits per dimension, (cid:1), is
`
`related to code rate, R, and the total number of real signaling dimensions, Ndim,”
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`using the following equation:
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`η =
`
`(cid:5)((cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)((cid:11)))
`(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:16)
`
`,
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`wherein M is, as best understood by Petitioner, to be the number of constellation
`
`points. LGE1010, 2. Thus, though ’319 provisional application suggests
`
`optimizing the design of a constellation based on a target code rate, there is
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`nothing in the ’319 provisional application that suggests, or otherwise identifies,
`
`the code rate ranges of the challenged claims. Indeed, the examples illustrated in
`
`Fig. 6 of the ’319 provisional application focus on code rate = ½. LGE1003, ¶[53]
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`6
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`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
`
`
`
`Determination of a code rate range requires determination of a minimum
`
`code rate as a lower bound to the code rate range (e.g., 3/8 in claim 2),
`
`determination of a maximum code rate as an upper bound to the code rate range
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`(e.g., 6/8 in claim 2), and determination of whether minimum code rate, maximum
`
`code rate, or both, are included in the code rate range (e.g., 3/8 is included in the
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`range of claim 2, as the language recites equal to or greater than). None of these
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`aspects of the code rate ranges of the challenged claims are found in the ’319
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`provisional application. LGE1003, ¶[54]
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`
`
`The ’777 patent does not remedy the deficiencies of the ’319 provisional
`
`application regarding support for the claimed code rate ranges. The ’777 patent
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`describes “[p]rocesses for selecting capacity optimized constellations to achieve
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`increased coding gains based upon a specific coding rate…” LGE1015, 5:4-7. In
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`line with this design objective, the ’777 patent provides design tables of
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`constellations such as those shown in FIGs. 11a, 11b, 13a, 13b, 15a, 15b, 17a, 17b
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`with each column of each design table corresponding to a constellation optimized
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`with a specific coding rate that can be calculated using the equation from the ’319
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`provisional application identified above. LGE1015, 3:61-4:21, 10:25-11:13, FIGS.
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`10a-17b; LGE1003, ¶[55].
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`For example, FIGs. 11a and 11b of the ’777 patent show design tables of
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`parallel decoding (PD) Capacity and joint capacity optimized PAM-4
`
`7
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`

`

`Attorney Docket No 19688-0196IP2
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 10,693,700
`
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`constellations, with each column of the design table corresponding to a particular
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`single dimensional PAM-4 constellation optimized for a specific code rate.
`
`LGE1003, ¶[56] (explaining that each column in the table is a different
`
`constellation). The specific code rate for each single dimensional PAM-4
`
`constellation of the design tables in FIGs. 11a and 11b and determined using the
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`equation of the ’319 provisional application identified above is R= 1/4 for the first
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`column / constellation, R=3/8 for the second column / constellation, R=1/2 for the
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`third column / constellation, R= 5/8 for the fourth column / constellation, and R=
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`3/4 for the fifth column / constellation. LGE1015, 10:35-55, FIGs. 10a-11b;
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`LGE1003, ¶[56]. Thus, the