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`BOOK
`
`Domino System Administration
`Write the 
`first review
`By
`Rob Kirkland
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`TIME TO COMPLETE:
`26h 6m
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`TOPICS:
`System Administration
`
`PUBLISHED BY:
`Sams
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 001
`
`

`

` 
`
`PUBLICATION DATE:
`November 1999
`
`PRINT LENGTH:
`880 pages
`
`Need a concise, practical explanation about the new features of Domino,
`and how to make some of the advanced stuff really work? You need
`answers and solutions from someone who's been in the trenches. You
`want information from someone like you, who has worked with the
`product for years, and understands what it is you need to know. Domino
`System Administration from New Riders is the answer-the first book on
`Domino that attacks the technology at the professional level, with
`practical, hands-on assistance to get Domino 5 running in your
`organization.
`
`About the Publisher
`SAMS publishes professional reference books for programmers and
`developers, web developers, designers, networking and system
`administrators. SAMS is also a leading authority on developments in th…
`More about Sams
`area of .NET. With over 45 years expertise in technical training, SAMS
`produces the most widely used professional reference books available
`for programmers and developers.
`Resources
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`©2022 O'REILLY MEDIA, INC. 
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`TERMS OF SERVICE
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`PRIVACY POLICY
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 002
`
`

`

`Copyright
`
`Copyright © 2000 by New Riders Publishing
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a
`retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical,
`photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from
`the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the
`information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken
`in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author(s) assume no re-
`sponsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for
`damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
`
`Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 99-63588
`
`Printed in the United States of America
`
`First Printing: December, 1999
`
`03 02 01 00 99 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
`
`Interpretation of the printing code: The rightmost double-digit number is
`the year of the book's printing; the rightmost single-digit number is the
`number of the book's printing. For example, the printing code 99-1 shows
`that the first printing of the book occurred in 1999.
`
`Trademarks
`
`All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or ser-
`vice marks have been appropriately capitalized. New Riders Publishing
`cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this
`book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or
`service mark.
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 003
`
`

`

`Warning and Disclaimer
`
`Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accu-
`rate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information
`provided is on an "as is" basis. The authors and the publisher shall have
`neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to
`any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book.
`
`Dedication
`
`I dedicate this book to my writing teachers:
`
`To my father and mother, who taught me to speak "the King's English,"
`
`To Miss Roberts, my second grade teacher, who, in an effort to help me
`stop missing writing deadlines, sat me down one afternoon and taught
`me the difference between long and short vowels;
`
`To Miss McDougal, my seventh grade teacher, who was possibly the last
`English teacher in America to teach her students how to diagram a
`sentence;
`
`To Miss Karl, my eleventh grade English teacher, a flint-edged old battle-
`ax whom I didn't much like, and who didn't care if I liked her or not, who
`espoused a five-step method for organizing an essay which I still use to-
`day, and who opened my eyes when she showed me how to rearrange a-
`few-words-here and a-couple-sentences-there to turn a god-awful first
`draft (my junior theme, for which she charitably gave me a D minus) into
`something passably good—the following year, I wrote a paper that I am
`still proud of today, and three years later, a college professor accused me
`of plagiarizing an essay that I submitted (no student as mediocre as I, she
`thought, could have written such a good essay on my own, but I showed
`her my research materials and proved my authorship)—thank you, Miss
`Karl;
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 004
`
`

`

`To Jim McConnell, my first-year legal writing instructor, who taught me to
`write short, clear sentences that even a judge could understand, and nev-
`er to use the word "subsequently" when "later" would do, and never, ever
`to use the word "said" as an adjective, as in "the said party did thus-and-
`such"—and, Jim, I haven't;
`
`To Pam Woldow, my law partner and the best-ever legal writing partner,
`who taught me the value of writing a third draft—about the only reason I
`can think of why I would ever want to return to the practice of law would
`be to collaborate again with Pam in the creation of a pristine legal brief,
`knowing that the judge would be too busy to read it, but hoping to find
`the magical combination of words that would catch his eye, drag him in,
`and take his breath away;
`
`And most of all, to Jane Calabria, my wife, who built the fire under me
`and kept it hot; without Jane's inspiration, vision, and encouragement, I
`could never have written this book at all, or the others. Now, if only I
`could learn from Jane how to meet a writing deadline….
`
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`©2022 O'REILLY MEDIA, INC. 
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`TERMS OF SERVICE
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`PRIVACY POLICY
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`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 005
`
`

`

`Chapter 1. Features of Lotus Domino 5.0
`
`To administer a Domino/Notes installation effectively, you obviously have
`to know how to perform administration chores, and that is what most of
`this book is about. More fundamentally, you have to understand the prod-
`uct's features and capabilities as well as Domino/Notes licensing options.
`This chapter provides important essentials you need to know about Domi-
`no R5 prior to administering the product.
`
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`©2022 O'REILLY MEDIA, INC. 
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`TERMS OF SERVICE
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`PRIVACY POLICY
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`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 006
`
`

`

`Lotus Notes and Domino Features
`
`Through its first three releases Notes was a mostly closed system. You had
`to use a Notes client to reach data on a Notes server. (Well, you could
`write your own client, using APIs that Lotus made available for C, C++,
`and Visual Basic, or using a precursor to LotusScript called Lotus Notes
`ViP. But you could not use standards-based clients like Web browsers.)
`You could think of the features of Notes as they existed in those releases
`as the "core" Notes functions, and the types of applications that Notes
`could accommodate as the "core" Notes applications.
`
`Those features would include shared, document-oriented databases, and
`messaging; strong security features; distributed data kept in synch
`through replication; support for mobile, disconnected Notes users; and
`access to non-Notes data. The applications would include information
`repositories, discussion forums, project tracking applications, and busi-
`ness process or "workflow" applications.
`
`Many organizations that use Notes and Domino today still use only the
`core features as described previously. However, as Release 3 matured it
`became more and more clear to Lotus (and everyone else) that the Inter-
`net was on its way to transforming how the world does business. Many
`people saw the emergence on the Internet of standards-based email
`(SMTP/MIME-based mail), discussion forums (Internet newsgroups), and
`information repositories (the World Wide Web) as spelling doom for the
`future of Notes.
`
`Lotus saw the same trends as a great opportunity to expand the market
`for Notes by turning it into an extremely powerful platform for Internet
`applications. As a result, Lotus has added, with each 4.x and 5.x release of
`Notes, more and more Internet functionality to the server and client (and,
`in honor of the added functionality, renamed the server "Domino"). And
`to the "core" application types we can add one more: Web applications.
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 007
`
`

`

`The essential features of Notes are the following:
`
`Client/Server architecture
`Nonrelational, object-oriented database architecture
`Messaging
`Distributed architecture and replication
`Security
`Support for mobile users
`Support for multiple computing platforms
`Comprehensive data access
`Integrated Development Environment
`Extensions and add-ins
`Web server
`Web browsers
`Directory services
`Manageability
`
`Client/Server Architecture
`
`From the beginning Notes databases have resided primarily on Notes or
`Domino servers and users have accessed the data via a client program
`running on their workstations. But Notes/Domino servers aren't file
`servers. Users don't retrieve whole databases; rather, they request specif-
`ic data sets from the servers. The servers retrieve the requested data
`from the databases and deliver it to the users. Or users deliver new data
`to the servers, which then store it in the appropriate database. This is
`classic client/server architecture. Its goal is to maximize shared access to
`data while minimizing network traffic by separating the data storage and
`management functions from the data presentation function.
`
`The client forwards user requests to the server, including requests to
`read and write data. The client also formats received data and displays it
`to the user.
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 008
`
`

`

`Through Release 4.1, the sole off-the-shelf client was Lotus Notes (al-
`though it was possible for programmers to create their own client pro-
`grams using APIs sold by Lotus). Beginning with Release 4.5 Lotus has en-
`abled increasing data access via other standard client programs—first
`Web browsers, later Internet mail readers, news readers, and IMAP direc-
`tory readers. Release 5 does not introduce any new clients over those in-
`troduced in Release 4.6. It does, however, add several important enhance-
`ments to the interaction between Domino and non-Notes clients. For ex-
`ample, Release 5 introduces CORBA/IIOP, which allows programmers to
`make Notes functionality available in Web browsers. It also enhances the
`interaction between Domino and other LDAP directory servers and
`clients.
`
`Database Architecture
`
`The heart of Notes is its unique object store, the NSF (Notes Storage Facili-
`ty) file. Notes databases are called "object stores". They do not store data
`in the same way data is stored in most database architectures. Notes is de-
`signed to accommodate the kinds of information that knowledge workers
`generate, which is to say extremely diverse data.
`
`Most database architectures store information in rigid structures—tables.
`Every record in a table must have the same array of fields, whether there
`is any information in the fields. The amount of storage space allotted to
`each field in a record is fixed in the field definitions before any records
`are actually created. If the actual data turns out to require more or less
`than the allotted space, that's too bad; it gets exactly the space allotted, no
`more, no less. This is a great design for large masses of uniform data, be-
`cause it allows for fast retrieval of the information. But it is not the best
`design for the ad hoc kinds of data generated by knowledge workers.
`
`Notes databases are much more flexible than tabular databases. Records
`are not stored in tables. Therefore, each record (called a " note" or a " doc-
`ument") can include only such fields that actually contain data. Each field
`can accommodate as much data as the user wants to enter, and occupies
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 009
`
`

`

`exactly that much storage space. Two records need not include the same
`array of fields. You can add new fields to a record at any time—creation
`time or some later time.
`
`To make data stored in this way retrievable, Notes databases maintain in-
`dexed "views" of the data and, optionally, full-text indexes. A view is a
`tabular array of information from each record. Exactly what information
`appears in a view is up to the view's designer (who could be either the
`database designer or any user with at least Reader access to the
`database).
`
`With each major release, Lotus has refined the database architecture, and
`Release 5 is no exception. In this release, Lotus has improved database in-
`tegrity, reduced I/O costs, improved CPU and memory utilization, and
`made databases more scalable and more manageable.
`
`Release 5 databases incorporate the following new features:
`
`Thirty-two gigabyte maximum database size
`Transaction logging. Changes to data are initially written to a transac-
`tion log, then to the database itself. If a malfunction occurs during a
`database write, so as to cause the corruption of data, the transaction
`logging process will detect and fix the problem automatically, assuring
`the ultimate integrity of the data.
`Online database backup and a backup API that backup software ven-
`dors can use to incorporate Domino backup capability into their back-
`up software.
`Online, in-place compaction of databases.
`Optional recovery of deleted documents.
`
`Messaging, Calendaring, and Scheduling
`
`Notes has always included a ready-to-run email capability right out of the
`box, which Lotus has continually improved and refined over the years.
`What is most interesting about this feature is that all Notes databases can
`send and receive documents to each other—not just mail databases. So, in
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 010
`
`

`

`a sense, Notes Mail is just a by-product of a fundamental message-routing
`capability that is built-in to the Domino server and all Notes databases.
`
`Of course, email is an essential application in today's networked world,
`and Lotus has never treated Notes Mail as a by-product of anything. Lotus
`knows that many Domino installations are strictly used for email, and
`that a company's email is part of its basic network infrastructure. There-
`fore, Lotus has made constant improvements in Notes Mail over the
`years, including group calendaring and scheduling in Release 4.5 and In-
`ternet mail access in Releases 4.5 and 4.6.
`
`One of Lotus's main marketing themes with the release of Domino 5.0 has
`been to stress Domino's superiority to other products as a messaging in-
`frastructure. In Release 5.0, Lotus added the following messaging
`enhancements:
`
`Increased scalability and performance of servers. Multiple mail
`box databases to increase mail router performance and scalability;
`Separate Directory servers to distribute the load of directory lookups
`so that mail servers can scale up to greater numbers of mail users.
`Enhanced usability. Faster name resolution to speed up addressing of
`messages; easier mail archiving; many interface improvements; mo-
`bile directory catalog; calendar lookups in nonadjacent Domino
`domains.
`Manageability enhancements. New, task-oriented administration in-
`terface; Pull router; Message tracking; Message routing controls, in-
`cluding antispam tools and control over message sizes; Improved
`reporting.
`Improved integration with Internet standards. Native MIME and
`SMTP; S/MIME support for sending encrypted messages to Internet
`mail recipients.
`
`Directory Services
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 011
`
`

`

`Notes has always provided a directory service which listed all Notes
`users, servers, groups, and server configuration information. Through Re-
`lease 3.x the directory database was called the Public Name and Address
`Book. In Release 4.x, its name was shortened to Public Address Book. In
`Release 5, Lotus renamed it again, this time calling it the Domino Directo-
`ry to bring its name in line with industry naming practice. Prior to Re-
`lease 5, all Notes or Domino servers in a Notes or Domino domain main-
`tained full local replica copies of the Public Address Book. Beginning with
`Release 5.1, a Domino server no longer needs to maintain a full local
`replica copy of the Domino Directory but can instead maintain a "user-
`less" local directory that excludes Person, Mail-In Database, Resource,
`and Group documents.
`
`When a server or user needs access to information stored in these docu-
`ments, it can be looked up on a directory server instead. This reduces the
`footprint of the Domino Directory on most Domino servers, especially in
`large organizations with thousands of users. It also increases the efficien-
`cy, responsiveness, and scalability of mail and application servers, be-
`cause they won't have to carry out name lookups anymore. Even directo-
`ry lookups are faster because Lotus has made the name lookup process
`vastly more efficient.
`
`As early as Release 2, administrators could set up multidomain directory
`services so that users could easily address mail to Notes users in
`Notes/Domino domains other than their own. Beginning with Release 4.6
`and to a greater extent in Release 5, Lotus has extended this capacity to
`non-Domino domains by incorporating the Lightweight Directory Access
`Protocol (LDAP) into Domino directory services. This allows Domino
`servers to authenticate users listed in non-Domino directories. In addi-
`tion, Lotus has added LDAP client services to Lotus Notes, so users can
`perform name lookups in LDAP directories.
`
`Also in Release 5, Lotus has enhanced directory services in the following
`ways:
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 012
`
`

`

`Increased the maximum users per domain to one million (from
`150,000 in Release 4.x).
`The Enterprise Directory Catalog stores just the essential information
`about users in a highly compact format—about 100 bytes per user and
`255 users per document. This allows administrators to maintain a
`large directory on a small disk footprint, which in turn permits mobile
`users to keep a local replica copy of a whole enterprise directory with-
`out overwhelming their personal hard disk.
`
`Distributed Architecture and Replication
`
`Notes has always supported a distributed data architecture, in which
`replica copies of databases can reside on multiple servers. Users can ac-
`cess the server most convenient to them. The database replicas are by de-
`fault peers of each other. That means that users can add data to any repli-
`ca, and the servers will distribute the new data to the other replicas by a
`process called replication.
`
`Over the years, Lotus has refined the replication process. Initially, if a
`change appeared in any field in a document, during replication the whole
`document would be transferred to the other servers. Beginning with Re-
`lease 4.0, only the changed fields are transferred to the other servers.
`
`While replication was developed specifically to allow distribution of
`Notes applications across multiple local servers, it has come in very
`handy as Lotus extends Domino functionality to the Internet. Take, for ex-
`ample, the problem of maintaining a Web site. Typically you develop and
`debug a Web site on a staging server, then transfer the files over to a pro-
`duction Web server exposed to the world. On most Web servers, this is a
`manual process, and it can be quite cumbersome to carry out when you
`consider that the staging server is behind the corporate firewall and the
`production server is in front of it.
`
`For Domino servers, however, transferring the Web site from the staging
`server to the production server is an automatic and trivially easy proce-
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 013
`
`

`

`dure. You just establish replication between the two servers, and Domino
`takes care of the rest. You will need to open a port in the firewall, so the
`servers can communicate, but you would do that anyway.
`
`For Release 5, Lotus has not changed the way replication works. But they
`have improved the tools for managing replication in two significant ways.
`First, they have added a replication topology map to the Administrator
`client. The map is a graphical representation of the replication relation-
`ships among your servers. Then there is a timeline showing recent past
`successful and unsuccessful replications and future scheduled replica-
`tions of a server with all of its replication partners.
`
`Security
`
`Notes's developers knew from the beginning that people would be storing
`confidential information in Notes databases. So Notes has had tight secu-
`rity features built into it from its very first release. Notes security is com-
`prehensive and granular. You can define who has access to servers, data-
`bases, forms, views, documents, and fields. Notes users and servers rou-
`tinely and automatically establish each other's positive identity using cer-
`tificate-based authentication licensed from RSA Data Security, Inc.
`
`In Release 5, Lotus has enhanced Domino security in the following ways:
`
`Password quality testing. Administrators can require user passwords
`to meet any of five levels of quality, where the quality of passwords in-
`creases with more characters, nonalphabetic characters, and nonal-
`phanumeric characters.
`Recovery of lost passwords. Administrators and users can now collab-
`orate to unlock an ID file to recover a forgotten password.
`Native support for X.509 certificates. Notes IDs can store both native
`Notes certificates and X.509 certificates. This enables Notes users to
`carry out certificate-based authentication with both Domino servers
`and Internet servers that support SSL.
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 014
`
`

`

`Support for S/MIME. This enables Notes users to send and receive
`signed and encrypted mail when corresponding with anyone whose
`software also supports S/MIME.
`Control over access to objects (HTML files, Java class files, GIF files,
`and so on) in the Domino server's file system.
`
`Support for Mobile Users
`
`Notes provides comprehensive support for mobile users. First, they can
`connect to Domino servers either by network or by modem. By modem
`they can connect directly to dialup Domino servers or they can connect to
`a remote network, then access Domino servers across the network. Sec-
`ond, mobile users can pass through one or more Domino servers to reach
`others. This allows users to dial in to one server, then pass through it to
`reach multiple others. Finally, Notes clients can maintain local copies of
`databases and replicate the changes in them with servers. This enables
`remote users to work while disconnected from any server.
`
`In Release 5, Lotus has added remote dynamic management of user desk-
`tops. In previous releases, Domino supported user profiles, which auto-
`mated many aspects of user setup. The new aspect of this in Release 5 is
`that the user profile has ongoing influence over the user's client setup. If
`an administrator makes a change in the user profile, the user's client will
`be updated to reflect that change. This should make it easier for adminis-
`trators to support mobile users.
`
`Support for Multiple Computing Platforms
`
`Both the Domino server and the Notes client operate on multiple hard-
`ware/OS platforms. This allows the user to deploy the product on the most
`convenient platform rather than deploy new, unfamiliar platforms. It also
`makes for great scalability of servers. Small organizations that use pri-
`marily PCs running Windows and Macintoshes can run their servers over
`Windows NT. Larger organizations can run larger, UNIX-based servers or
`even larger servers on AS/400 and S/390 platforms.
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 015
`
`

`

`For Release 5, Lotus is refining this policy. It will stop supporting Novell
`NetWare as a Domino server platform and OS/2 and UNIX as Notes client
`platforms. Users on these platforms can continue to use Notes 4.x clients
`or can interact with Domino using Java-based client software that Lotus is
`developing.
`
`Comprehensive Data Access
`
`Lotus provides myriad tools for connecting to non-Notes data sources.
`The tools include @functions and LotusScript classes that Notes develop-
`ers can use as well as add-in products that allow Domino servers to act as
`"middleware" servers between back-end data sources, such as relational
`databases and transaction systems, and front-end user access tools like
`Notes and Web browsers.
`
`In Release 5, Lotus has enhanced these capabilities with the following
`enhancements:
`
`Real-time, forms-based access to relational and transactional data
`with DECS (Domino Enterprise Connection Service). This is a
`scaled-down version of Lotus NotesPump, incorporated in Domino.
`Access to Notes/Domino services from a browser with CORBA/IIOP
`support. This enables programmers to write Java applets that have ac-
`cess to Domino services and execute locally functions that it would
`otherwise have to ask a Domino server to execute. This offloads work
`from the server, empowers the browser, and reduces network traffic
`between them.
`Real-time collaboration, including whiteboard and shared ap-
`plications. This is not actually included in Domino but rather in a sep-
`arate Lotus client/server platform, Lotus SameTime, which you pur-
`chase separately and install on a separate server, but which works
`closely with Domino and Notes.
`Domino Extended Search, an enhanced search engine that allows
`users to search simultaneously any indexes you want to make
`available to them. This includes Domino domains, file systems, rela-
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 016
`
`

`

`tional databases, Internet information repositories, and commercial
`information repositories. This is an add-on product, purchasable sepa-
`rately from Lotus.
`Expanded Database Catalog (catalog5.nsf). This permits domain-
`wide searching of Notes databases and Domino server file systems.
`
`Integrated Development Environment
`
`Lotus recognized from the beginning that the sorts of problems that Notes
`could solve were so diverse that they themselves couldn't anticipate all of
`its potential applications. Therefore, Lotus added development tools so
`that users could develop applications tailored to their specific needs.
`
`In Release 5, those tools include Domino Designer—development environ-
`ment integrated designed specifically for development of Notes ap-
`plications—as well as tools to allow developers to use other development
`environments. They also include openness to a whole array of languages,
`from the proprietary ones—formula language and LotusScript—to lan-
`guages of general use. These would include C, C++, Java, Visual Basic,
`HTML, JavaScript, and CGI scripting languages.
`
`Extensions and Add-Ins
`
`Lotus continually extends Notes in an effort to meet the needs of Notes
`users and make the product as comprehensive as possible. To that end,
`Lotus markets a variety of products that add specialized capabilities to
`Notes. For example, you can add realtime collaboration tools, tools for
`wireless connection to Domino servers, and specific applications, such as
`Extended Search, an enhanced search engine, and Domino.Doc, a docu-
`ment management application.
`
`Lotus also encourages third-party developers to develop products that
`add functionality to Notes. To that end, Lotus has developed a number of
`APIs that give third-party developers access to the Notes object classes.
`And of course there are products available from third-party developers.
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 017
`
`

`

`Web Server
`
`Domino's Web server first became available as an add-in as early as Re-
`lease 4.1 and was fully incorporated into the server beginning with Re-
`lease 4.5. It was the incorporation of the Web server (and the resultant
`opening of a whole new market for Notes servers) that prompted Lotus to
`adopt for its server the new name "Domino."
`
`The Web server is a full-function Web server. Just like any other HTTP
`server it can serve up HTML files from its file system and interface with
`CGI programs. Unlike other HTTP servers, it can also serve up documents
`from Notes databases on the resident server.
`
`In Release 5, Lotus added the following capabilities to the HTTP service:
`
`HTTP server clusters. Web users can (in the event of high user demand
`or a failed server) be transparently redirected to the least busy server
`in a cluster.
`Support for HTTP 1.1.
`Optional integration with Microsoft's Internet Information Server (IIS).
`File system ACLs.
`Byte range serving: permits restart of downloads, among other things.
`Reload HTTP configuration without restarting the server.
`Improved logging.
`
`Because the inclusion of a Web server permits users to access Notes data
`with a Web browser, Lotus has also included the Domino HTTP stack in
`Notes Designer for Domino 4.6 and its successor, Domino Designer 5.0.
`This permits application developers to test their applications from the
`perspectives of both the Notes client and the browser client without ever
`leaving the design screens.
`
`Web Browsers
`
`Beginning with Release 4.0 Lotus incorporated a Web browser in the
`Notes/Domino server. Beginning with Release 4.5 they included a Web
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 018
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`browser in the Notes client as well. These browsers supported most of the
`features of HTML 3.2. Beginning with Release 4.6 Lotus incorporated an
`embedded version of Microsoft Internet Explorer in the Notes client. This
`allowed Notes users to browse Web sites that supported HTML 4.0 with-
`out leaving Notes to open an external browser. Beginning with Release 5
`Lotus has updated the internal Notes and Domino browsers to support
`HTML 4.0.
`
`The server-based browser is a shared browser, usable by Notes clients,
`which send URLs to it for forwarding to Internet/intranet hosts. The
`server-based browser permits a company to offer Web browsing services
`to users who cannot browse directly, because their computers do not run
`TCP/IP or they do not have standalone browser software.
`
`Management Tools
`
`Lotus has always provided tools to facilitate management of a
`Notes/Domino installation. The tools haven't always been great, but in Re-
`lease 5, Lotus made a big effort to provide really good management tools.
`The most obvious result of this effort is Domino Administrator, a task-ori-
`ented administrators' front-end that runs on Windows-based computers
`as an extension of the Notes client. This is a graphical management tool
`with a drag-and-drop interface, organized by tasks—database manage-
`ment, user and group management, server management, replication
`management, messaging management, and so on. The new administra-
`tion interface is a huge improvement in the product. We will spend much
`of this book exploring it. Release 5 has introduced so many other manage-
`ment improvements that I won't try to catalog them all, but some espe-
`cially significant ones include the following:
`
`A simpler installation program based on InstallShield. Also, improve-
`ments in automated installations.
`Improved HTTP-based management tools, including HTTP-based in-
`stallation and setup, so that you can install, set up, and manage Domi-
`no servers from Web browsers.
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`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
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`Improved user registration, including tools to register users in Win-
`dows NT domain directories and migrate users from cc:Mail, Microsoft
`Mail, and Microsoft Exchange Server mail systems.
`On-going, centralized control over user workstation configurations.
`Numerous improvements in statistics collection and presentation tools
`and in event notification.
`Added tools for monitoring Internet protocol servers and connections.
`Capability to start and stop network and dialup ports without shutting
`down the server. Administrators can reconfigure the HTTP service
`without bouncing the server.
`Enhanced Administration Process. For example, the administration
`process can work across domains and can produce server decommis-
`sioning analyses for organizations that need to consolidate servers.
`
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`TERMS OF SERVICE
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`PRIVACY POLICY
`
`Meta Platforms, Inc.
`Exhibit 1019
`Page 020
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`Notes Applications
`
`With its built-in messaging, shared, document-oriented databases, and
`application development tools, Notes was designed from the ground up
`with certain sorts of applications in mind. It of course lends itself to those
`types of applications. At the same time, it is totally unsuited to other kinds
`of applications. Applications that are good candidates for building in
`Notes include any involving document-oriented, loosely structured, high-
`ly diverse, or quickly evolving kinds of data. Applications that would
`more appropriately be built in a relational database include any that
`process transactions (such as accounting systems) or that involve highly
`structured, relatively static data, especially if there is a large mass of such
`data. Notes works well with relational databases and transaction systems,
`s