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`as) United States
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`a2) Patent Application Publication 10) Pub. No.: US 2009/0096413 Al
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`(43) Pub. Date: Apr. 16, 2009
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`Partovi et al.
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`US 20090096413A1
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`(54)
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`SYSTEM AND METHODFOR INDUCTIVE
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`CHARGING OF PORTABLE DEVICES
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`Inventors:
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`Afshin Partovi, Sunnyvale, CA
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`(US); Michael Sears, Ben Lomond,
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`CA (US)
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`Correspondence Address:
`FLIESLER MEYER LLP
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`650 CALIFORNIA STREET, 14TH FLOOR
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`SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94108 (US)
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`(75)
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`(73)
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`(21)
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`(22)
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`(63)
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`(60)
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`Assignee:
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`Appl. No.:
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`Filed:
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`MOJO MOBILITY, INC.,
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`Sunnyvale, CA (US)
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`12/116,876
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`May7, 2008
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`Related U.S. Application Data
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`Continuation-in-part of application No. 11/669,113,
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`filed on Jan. 30, 2007.
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`Provisional application No. 60/763,816, filed on Jan.
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`31, 2006, provisional application No. 60/810,262,
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`filed on Jun. 1, 2006, provisional application No.
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`60/810,298, filed on Jun. 1, 2006, provisional applica-
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`tion No. 60/868,674, filed on Dec. 5, 2006, provisional
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`application No. 60/916,748, filed on May 8, 2007,
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`provisional application No. 60/952,835, filed on Jul.
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`30, 2007, provisional application No. 61/012,922,
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`filed on Dec. 12, 2007, provisional application No.
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`61/012,924, filed on Dec. 12, 2007, provisional appli-
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`cation No. 61/015,606, filed on Dec. 20, 2007, provi-
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`sional application No. 61/043,027, filed on Apr. 7,
`2008.
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`Publication Classification
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`(51)
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`Int. Cl.
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`HO02F 7/00
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`(52) U.S. C1. cc ceeeseseeesersereeceeceeceeceeceeeneenes 320/108
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`(2006.01)
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`ABSTRACT
`(57)
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`Asystem and methodfor variable powertransfer in an induc-
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`tive charging or power system.
`In accordance with an
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`embodimentthe system comprises a pad or similar base unit
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`that contains a primary, which creates an alternating magnetic
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`field. A receiver comprises a meansfor receiving the energy
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`from the alternating magnetic field from the pad andtrans-
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`ferring it to a mobile device, battery, or other device. In
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`accordance with various embodiments, additional features
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`can be incorporated into the system to provide greater power
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`transfer efficiency, and to allow the system to be easily modi-
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`fied for applications that have different power requirements.
`These include variations in the material used to manufacture
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`the primary and/orthereceiver coils; modified circuit designs
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`to be used on the primary and/orreceiver side; and additional
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`circuits and components that perform specialized tasks, such
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`as mobile deviceor battery identification, and automatic volt-
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`age or power-setting for different devices or batteries.
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`10
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`1i2 ™ Charger 116
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`120
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`Receiver |'4
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`Page 1 of 88
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`Volkswagen Exhibit 1027
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`Volkswagen Exhibit 1027
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`Patent Application Publication
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`Apr. 16,2009 Sheet 1 of 50
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`160 ™
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`104
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`104
`120 Receiver-~ 174
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`FIG. 1
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`"2@~ charger i161[
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`Apr. 16,2009 Sheet 2 of 50
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`US 2009/0096413 Al
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`FIG, 4
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`Apr. 16, 2009 Sheet 3 of 50
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`US 2009/0096413 Al
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`16¢—~
`180
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`170—~
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`Capacitor
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`176
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`Rectifier
`4174
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`Regulator
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`172
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`182
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`FIG. 6
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`Apr. 16,2009 Sheet 4 of 50
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`US 2009/0096413 Al
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`190,
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`Shell/Cover
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`194
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`200
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`Replacement
`Shell/Cover
`210
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`192
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`Power Jack
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`212 |
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`With Original Shell
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`Shell With Receiver
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`FIG. 7
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`for Power/Data
`296
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`228
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`230
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`Apr. 16,2009 Sheet 5 of 50
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`US 2009/0096413 Al
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`Receiver
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`Current
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`Reader
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`RFID
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`FIG. 10
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`Apr. 16, 2009 Sheet 6 of 50
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`US 2009/0096413 Al
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`296 ree eee be wy
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`Regulator
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`292
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`Rewer eee eee
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`334
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`Apr. 16,2009 Sheet 10 of 50
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`Apr. 16,2009 Sheet 39 of 50
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`Apr. 16, 2009 Sheet 43 of 50
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`Apr. 16,2009 Sheet 44 of 50
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`Apr. 16,2009 Sheet 46 of 50
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`Page 47 of 88
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`Apr. 16,2009 Sheet 50 of 50
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`Magnets
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`Page 51 of 88
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`US 2009/0096413 Al
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`Apr. 16, 2009
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`SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INDUCTIVE
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`CHARGING OF PORTABLE DEVICES
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`CLAIM OF PRIORITY
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`[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S.
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`patent application Ser. No. 11/669,113, filed Jan. 30, 2007,
`titled “INDUCTIVE POWER SOURCE AND CHARGING
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`SYSTEM”, which application claimsthe benefit of U.S. pro-
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`visional patent application 60/763,816, filed Jan. 31, 2006,
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`titled “PORTABLE INDUCTIVE POWER SOURCE”; USS.
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`provisional patent application 60/810,262, filed Jun. 1, 2006,
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`titled “MOBILE DEVICE, CHARGER, AND POWERSUP-
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`PLY”; U.S. provisional patent application 60/810,298, filed
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`1, 2006,
`titled “MOBILE DEVICE, BATTERY,
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`CHARGING SYSTEM, AND POWER SUPPLY”; and USS.
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`provisional patent application 60/868,674, filed Dec. 5, 2006,
`titled “SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING A PORTABLE INDUC-
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`TIVE POWER SOURCE”,this application also claims the
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`benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 60/916,748,
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`filed May 8, 2007, titled “CHARGING AND POWERING
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`MOBILE DEVICES, BATTERIES” U.S. provisional patent
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`application 60/952,835, filed Jul. 30, 2007, titled “INDUC-
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`TIVE CHARGING OF PORTABLE DEVICES”; U.S. pro-
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`visional patent application 61/012,922, filed Dec. 12, 2007,
`titled “WIRELESS CHARGER WITH POSITION INSEN-
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`SITIVITY”; U.S. provisional patent application 61/012,924,
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`filed Dec. 12, 2007, titled “CONTROL, REGULATION,
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`AND COMMUNICATION IN CHARGERS”, U.S. provi-
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`sional patent application 61/015,606, filed Dec. 20, 2007,
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`titled “PORTABLE INDUCTIVE POWER SOURCE”; and
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`USS. provisional patent application 61/043,027, filed Apr. 7,
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`2008,
`titled “INDUCTIVE POWER SOURCE AND
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`CHARGING SYSTEM”, this application is also related to
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`copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/757,067filed
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`Jun. 1, 2007, titled “POWER SOURCE, CHARGING SYS-
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`TEM, AND INDUCTIVE RECEIVER FOR MOBILE
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`DEVICES”, each of which above applications are herein
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`incorporated by reference.
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`COPYRIGHT NOTICE
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`[0002] A portion of the disclosure of this patent document
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`contains material which is subject to copyright protection.
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`The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile repro-
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`duction by anyoneof the patent documentor the patent dis-
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`closure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office
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`patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright
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`rights whatsoever.
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`FIELD OF INVENTION
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`[0003] The invention is related generally to powersupplies,
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`powersources, and particularly to a system and method for
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`inductive charging of portable devices.
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`BACKGROUND
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`[0004] There is currently a need for powering portable or
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`mobile devices for use in commercial, business, personal,
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`consumer, and other applications. Examples of such devices
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`include cellular
`telephones, personal digital assistants
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`(PDAs), notebook computers, mobile email devices, Black-
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`berry devices, Bluetooth headsets, hearing aids, music play-
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`ers (for example, MP3 players), radios, compactdisk players,
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`video gameconsoles, digital cameras, walkie-talkie or other
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`communication devices, GPS devices,
`laptop computers,
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`electric shavers, and electric toothbrushes. Most of these
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`devices include a rechargeable internal battery that must be
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`first charged by an external power supply or charger, before
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`the device itself can be used. The power supply typically
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`provides direct current (DC) voltage through a special con-
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`nector to the device. The power supply can then be discon-
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`nected, and the device will continue to run for a short period
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`of time until the battery is depleted. The voltage and power
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`requirementsofthe different devices vary, andto date there is
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`currently no standardized connector for the devices. As a
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`result of this, each mobile device is invariably sold ordistrib-
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`uted bundled with its own charger. The costs associated with
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`these multiple different types and numbersof chargerare paid
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`by the consumer indirectly by being incorporated into the
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`prices being charged for the mobile device.
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`[0005] The rapid increase in the total numberandvariety of
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`mobile products has meant that most people have several of
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`the above-mentioned devices. In a typical day, that user would
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`have to separately connect their multiple devices to each of
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`their appropriate chargers for charging of each device. In
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`addition, many people find it necessary to charge their devices
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`in different locations such as their offices and cars. Thus,
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`many users have purchased additional chargers for their
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`offices and cars, for use in charging their mobile phones,
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`notebook computers, and music players in those locations.
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`[0006]
`It will be evidentthat the abovesituation has caused
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`typical users to have a multitude of incompatible devices(i.e.
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`power supplies and chargers) that essentially provide the
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`same function of charging a mobile device, but because ofthe
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`numberand variety that must be kept by the user are incon-
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`venient to use. In manysituations, users simply forget to
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`charge their devices, or else find they need to recharge their
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`device in situations where no appropriate chargeris available.
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`This leads to loss of ability to use the device when desired or
`needed.
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`[0007]
`In addition, when traveling way from home, mobile
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`users have a particular problem in that they need to pack and
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`carry the multiple chargers for their devices. In many situa-
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`tions, these chargers are bulkier and heavier than the devices
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`themselves, and use of these devices in foreign countries
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`requires clumsy adaptors, and sometimes voltage converters.
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`This leads to a high degree of inconvenience for the ever-
`more-mobile consumer.
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`[0008]
`In addition, the power connector for the mobile
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`devices is often cheaply manufactured, and a source of
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`mechanicalandelectrical failure. In many applications, such
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`as toothbrushesor applications where the device is exposed to
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`water and needs to be hermetically sealed, such a physical
`connection can not be used. Thus an alternative means of
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`powering those types of devices must be used.
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`Several products havetried to address this situation.
`[0009]
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`Some companies proposethe use of a universal charger that
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`consists of a powersupply base unit, and interchangeable tips
`that both fit into the base unit and in turn fit different devices.
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`Thetip includes a customized regulator that sets the voltage
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`required by the particular device. However, a user must carry
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`the multiple tips he or she needs for each of the various
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`devices they have, and then charge each device serially by
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`connecting the device to the power supply. While this product
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`reduces the overall weight of the charging tools the user must
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`carry, the user still needs to carry and exchangethetips to
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`connect to different devices. In addition, the charging of
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`multiple devices simultaneously is often not possible.
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`Page 52 of 88
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`US 2009/0096413 Al
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`Apr. 16, 2009
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`magneticfield, andrectify it to produce a direct current (DC)
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`voltage, which is then used to charge or power the device.
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`[0014]
`In some embodiments the receiver can also com-
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`prise electronic components or logic to set the voltage and
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`current to the appropriate levels required by the mobile device
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`or the charging circuit in the device, or to communicateinfor-
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`mationto the pad. In additional embodiments, the charging or
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`powersystem can provide for additional functionality such as
`communication ofdata storedin the electronic device or to be
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`transferred to the device. Some embodiments mayalso incor-
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`porate efficiency measures that improve the efficiency of
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`power transfer between the charger and receiver, and ulti-
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`mately to the mobile device or battery. In accordance with an
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`embodimentthe charger or powersupply includes an internal
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`battery for self-powered operation. In accordance with other
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`embodiments the charger or power supply can include a solar
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`cell power source, hand crank, or other means of power sup-
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`ply for occasional self powered operation. Other embodi-
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`ments can be incorporated into charging kiosks, automobiles,
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`trains, airplanes, or other transport and other applications.
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`[0015]
`In accordance with various embodiments, addi-
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`tional features can be incorporated into the system to provide
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`greater powertransfer efficiency, and to allow the system to
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`be easily modified for applications that have different power
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`requirements. These include variations in the material used to
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`manufacture the primary and/or the receiver coils; modified
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`circuit designs to be used on the primary and/or secondary
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`side; and additional circuits and components that perform
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`specialized tasks, such as mobile device identification, and
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`automatic voltage or power-setting for different devices.
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`[0010] Realizing that a power supply typically contains a
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`transformer for voltage conversion, another approach is to
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`split the transformerinto twoparts: a first part can contain the
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`first winding andthe electronics to drive this winding at the
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`appropriate operating frequency, while the second part con-
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`sists of a winding where poweris received andthenrectified
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`to obtain DC voltage. If the two parts are brought into physi-
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`cal proximity to each other, poweris transformed from the
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`first part to the second inductively,i.e. by induction, without
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`any physicalelectrical connection. Thisis the approachthatis
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`used in manyelectrical toothbrushes, shavers, and other prod-
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`ucts that are expected to be used in wet environments. How-
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`ever, a commonproblem with such inductive units is that the
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`windings are bulky, which restricts their use in lightweight
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`portable devices. Furthermore, to achieve adequate power
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`transfer, the parts must be designedto fit together suitably so
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`that their windingsare closely aligned. This is typically done
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`by molding the device casing (for example, an electric tooth-
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`brush) andits charger/holder so that they fit together in only
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`one suitable way. However, the molded base and shapeofthe
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`portable device means they cannot be used in a universal
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`fashion to powerother devices.
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`Some companies have proposed pad-like charging
`[0011]
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`devices based on inductive concepts, but that also ostensibly
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`allow for different types of devices to be charged. These pads
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`typically include grids of wires in an x and y direction, that
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`carry an electrical current, and that generate a uniform mag-
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`netic field parallel to the surface of the pad. A receiver coil
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`wound around a magnetic core lies on the surface of the pad
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`and picks up the magneticfield parallel to the surface, and in
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`this mannerenergycan be transferred. However, each ofthese
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`methods suffer from poor powertransfer, in that most of the
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`powerin the primary is not picked up in the receiver, and thus
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`the overall