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`Merriam-
`Webster's
`Collegiate
`Dictionary
`
`TENTH EDITION
`
`
`
`
`Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
`Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
`
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`IPR2022-01308
`Exhibit 2012
`Page 1 of 3
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`A GENUINE MERRIAM-WEBSTER
`
`The name Webster alone is no guarantee of excellence. It is used by a
`number of publishers and may serve mainly to mislead an unwary buyer.
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`Merriam-Webster™ is the name you should look for when you consider
`the purchase of dictionaries or other fine reference books. It carries the
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`reputation of a company that has been publishing since 1831 and is your
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`assurance of quality and authority.
`
`Copyright © 1999 by Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
`
`Philippines Copyright 1999 by Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
`Main entry undertitle:
`
`Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary. — 10th ed.
`p.
`cm.
`Includes index.
`
`ISBN 0-87779-708-0 (unindexed : alk. paper). — ISBN 0-87779-709-9 (indexed:
`alk. paper). — ISBN 0-87779-710-2 (deluxe indexed : alk. paper). — ISBN
`0-87779-707-2 (laminated cover, unindexed).
`1. English language—Dictionaries.
`I. Merriam-Webster, Inc.
`PE1628.M36
`1998
`423—dc21
`
`97-41846
`CIP
`
`Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate® Dictionary, Tenth Edition principal copyright 1993
`
`COLLEGIATEis a registered trademark of Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this book covered by the copyrights hereon may be
`reproduced or copied in any form or by any means—graphic,electronic, or mechani-
`cal, including photocopying, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems—
`without written permission of the publisher.
`
`Madein the United States of America
`
`242526WC99
`
`IPR2022-01308
`IPR2022-01308
`Exhibit 2012
`Exhibit 2012
`Page 2 of 3
`Page 2 of 3
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`242
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` a\ESs33
`
`ms
`
`confidence e confraternity
`mind or a manner marked by easy coolness and freedom from uncer-
`priated by the government :
`confiscation
`FORFEITED 2: deprived of Propery
`tainty, diffidence, or embarrassment. CONFIDENCE stresses faith in
`oneself and one’s powers without any suggestion of conceit or arro-
`2con-fis-cate \'kan-fo-skat\ vt -cat-ed; -cat-ing (1552) 1: t.. 4
`gance <the confidence that comes from long experience). ASSURANCE
`forfeited to the public treasury 2: to seize by or asif by autho28a
`carries a stronger implication of certainty and may suggest arrogance
`con-fis-ca-tion \,kan-fa-'ska-shon\ n — conefis-ca-tor \"kainpty \
`or lack of objectivity in assessing one’s own powers <handled the
`tor\ n — con-fis-ca-to-ery \kon-'fis-ka-,t6r-é, -,tor-\ adj
`shy,
`cross-examination with complete assurance). SELF-POSSESSION implies
`con-fit \kon-'fé, kon-, kan-\ n [F, fr. OF, preparation, preserves fi
`an ease or coolness understress that reflects perfect self-control and
`of confire to prepare — more at COMFIT] (1951): meat (as Boose, SD
`commandof one’s powers (answered the insolent question with com-
`or pork) that has been cooked andpreservedin its own fat
`: du
`plete self-possession). APLOMB implies a manifest self-possession in
`con-fi-te-or \kon-"fé-té-,or, -or\ n [ME,fr. L,lit., I confess,fr, the
`a
`trying or challenging situations <handled the reporters with great
`ing words — more at CONFESS] (13c) : a liturgical form in which oPtn
`aplomb).
`ness is acknowledged andintercession for God’s mercy requestegMul
`2confidence adj (1849) : of, relating to, or adept at swindling by false
`con-fi-ture \'kan-fo-,chur, -tyur, -,tur\ n [F, fr. MF, fr. confit] (1g2)
`: preserved or candied fruit: JAM
`promises (a ~ game) (a ~ man)
`confidence interval n (1934): a group of continuousor discrete adja-
`con-fla-grant \kan-'fla-gront\ adj [L conflagrant-, conflagrans,
`cent values that is used to estimate a statistical parameter (as a mean or
`conflagrare to burn, fr. com- + flagrare to burn — moreat BLACKYy of
`variance) and that tends to include the true value of the parameter a
`1656): BURNING, BLAZING
`Hea
`predetermined proportion of the time if the process of finding the
`con-fla-gra-tion \,kan-flo-'gra-shan\ n [L conflagration-, config,
`groupof values is repeated a numberof times
`fr. conflagrare] (ca. 1656) 1: FIRE; esp: a large disastrous ert,
`: CONFLICT, WAR
`Cm
`confidencelimits n p/ (1939):
`the end points of a confidenceinterval
`con-fi-dent \'kan-fo-dont, -,dent\ adj [L confident-, confidens, fr. prp. of
`con-flate \kon-'flat\ vt con-flat-ed; con-flat-ing [L conflatus D
`conflare to blow together, fuse, fr. com- + flare to blow — 7,>?- of
`confidere] (1576) 1: characterized by assurance; esp: SELF-RELIANT 2
`
`obs : TRUSTFUL, CONFIDING 3 a:full of conviction : CERTAIN b
`BLOW] (1610)
`1 a: to bring together
`: FUSE b: CONFUSE 9" at“0
`combine(as two readingsofa text) into a composite whole
`: COCKSURE — conefi-dente-ly adv
`con-flaction \-'fla-shon\ n (15c) : BLEND, FUSION; esp :
`
`con-fieden-tial \,kan-fo-'den(t)-shal\ adj (1759) 1: marked by inti-
`reading or text
`macyor willingness to confide (a ~ tone)
`2 : PRIVATE, SECRET (~
`
`information) 3: entrusted with confidences <~ clerk) 4: contain-
`lcon-flict \'kan-,flikt\ n [ME,fr. L conflictus act of striking togethe
`
`ing information whose unauthorized disclosure could be prejudicial to
`confligere to strike together, fr. com- + fligere to strike — m, a fh,
`
`the national interest — compare SECRET, TOP SECRET — conefi-den-ti-
`PROFLIGATE] (15c) 1: FIGHT, BATTLE, WAR 2 a: competitive or:
`al-iety \-,den(t)-shé-'a-la-té\ n — con-fi-den-tialely \-'den(t)-sh(a-)lé\
`
`posing action of incompatibles : antagonistic state or action (ag
`adv
`
`divergent ideas, interests, or persons) b : mental struggle result!
`con-fid-ing \kon-'fi-din\ adj (1829) :
`tending to confide : TRUSTFUL —
`from incompatible or opposing needs, drives, wishes, or external.8
`
`con-fid-ingely \-din-lé\ adv — con-fid-ing-ness n
`internal demands 3: the opposition of persons or forces tha
`iv
`
`con-fig-uera-tion \kan-,fi-gya-'ra-shon,
`,kan-, -ga-"\ n [LL configura-
`rise to the dramatic action in a dramaorfiction sym see Discory
`
`tion-, configuratio similar formation, fr. L configurare to form from or
`con-flict-ful \'kan-,flikt-fal\ adj — coneflic-tu-al \kan-"flik-cha-wa,
`
`kan-, -chal, -shwal\ adj
`i
`after, fr. com- + figurare to form, fr. figura figure] (1646)
`1 a: rela-
`
`tive arrangement of parts or elements: as
`(1): SHAPE (2): contour of
`2con-flict \kon-'flikt, 'kan-,\ vi (15c)
`1 archaic :
`to contendin warf,
`land <~ of the mountains)
`(3) : functional arrangement <a small
`
`2: to show antagonism orirreconcilability — con-flic-tion \kon-ik
`shon, kan-\ n — coneflicetive \kon-'flik-tiv, "kan-,\ adj
`2
`business computer system in its simplest ~) b: something (as a fig-
`ure, contour, pattern, or apparatus) that results from a particular ar-
`con-flict-ed \kon-'flik-tad\ adj (1967): having or experiencing an emi
`
`rangement of parts or components c: the stable structural makeup of
`tional conflict <this unhappy and ~ modern woman —John Updike)
`
`a chemical compoundesp. with reference to the space relations of the
`conflicting adj (1607) : being
`in conflict, collision, or opposition ; W
`
`"
`COMPATIBLE — coneflicteingely \-'flik-tin-lé, -,flik-\ adv
`constituent atoms 2: GESTALT (personality ~) — con-fig-u-ra-tion-
`
`al \-shnol, -sha-n°l\ adj — con-fig-u-ra-tion-alely adv — con-fig-u-
`conflict of interest (1951) : a conflict between the private interests
`
`andtheofficial responsibilities of a person in a position of trust
`ractive \-'fi-gyo-ra-tiv,-'fi-go-\ adj
`
`con-fig-ure \kon-'fi-gyor, esp Brit -"fi-gor\ vt -ured; -ureing (1677): to
`con-flu-ence \'kan-,flii-on(t)s, kon-"\ n (15c) 1: a coming or flowing
`
`set up for operation esp. in a particular way a fighter plane configured
`together, meeting, or gathering at one point (a happy ~ of weatherang
`
`for the Malaysian air force)
`scenery) 2 a: the flowing together of two or more streams
`b; the
`
`Icon-fine \'kan-,fin also kan-"\ n [ME,fr. MF or L; MF confines, pl., fr.
`place of meeting of two streams c: the combined stream formed by
`
`conjunction
`L confine border, fr. neut. of confinis adjacent, fr. com- + finis end]
`1con-flu-ent \-ant\ adj [L confluent-, confluens, prp. of confluereto flow
`(15c)
`1 pl a: something (as borders or walls) that encloses (outside
`
`the ~s of the office or hospital —W. A. Nolen); also: something that
`together, fr. com- + fluere to flow — more at FLUID] (15c) 1: flowing
`
`or coming together; also: run together <~ pustules) 2: characterized
`restrains escape from the ~s of soot and clutter —E. S. Muskie)
`b
`
`by confluent lesions (~ smallpox)
`: SCOPE 3 (work within the ~s of a small group —Frank Newman)
`2
`2confluent n (1850): a confluent stream; broadly : TRIBUTARY
`aarchaic: RESTRICTION b obs: PRISON
`
`con-flux \'kan-,flaks\ n [ML confluxus, fr. L confluere] (1606) : con.
`FLUENCE
`2con-fine \kon-'fin\ vb con-fined; con-fineing vi (1523) archaic: BOR-
`DER ™ vt
`1 a: to hold within a location b: IMPRISON 2: to keep
`
`con-fo-cal \(,)kan-'fo-kal\ adj (1867) : having the same foci <~ ellip.
`within limits <will ~ my remarks to one subject)
`syn see LIMIT —
`ses) (~ lenses» — con-fo-cal-ly \-ko-lé\ adv
`con-fin-er n
`
`con-form \kon-'form\ vb [ME,fr. MF conformer, fr. L conformare,ft.
`con-fined \kan-'find\ adj (1772): undergoing childbirth
`
`com- + formare to form, fr. forma form] vt (14c) :
`to give the same
`the
`con-fineement \kon-'fin-mont\ n (1646) : an act of confining :
`shape, outline, or contour to: bring into harmonyoraccord «~ fur
`
`state of being confined <solitary ~); esp: LYING-IN
`rowsto the slope of the land) ~ vi 1: to be similar or identical; als
`
`con-firm \kon-'farm\ vt [ME, fr. OF confirmer, fr. L confirmare, fr.
`:
`to be in agreement or harmony — used with to or with
`2 a: tobe
`
`com- + firmare to make firm,fr. firmus firm] (13c) 1: to give ap-
`obedient or compliant — usu. used with to b: to act in accordance
`proval to: RATIFY 2: to make firm or firmer : STRENGTHEN 3: to
`
`
`with prevailing standards or customs
`sym see ADAPT — con-former
`administer the rite of confirmation to 4: to give new assuranceof the
`n—con-form-ism \-'for-smi-zom\ n — con-form-ist\-mist\ n or adj
`
`validity of : remove doubt about by authoritative act or indisputable
`con-formeable \kan-'for-ma-bal\ adj (15c) 1: correspondingin form
`fact — con-firm-abil-iety \-,far-mo-'bi-lo-té\ n — con-firm-able
`or character : SIMILAR — usu. used with to 2: SUBMISSIVE, COMPLIANT
`
`\-"for-ma-bal\ adj
`3: following in unbroken sequence — used of geologic strata formed
`SYM CONFIRM, CORROBORATE, SUBSTANTIATE, VERIFY, AUTHENTICATE,
`
`under uniform conditions — con-formeably\-blé\ adv
`VALIDATE meanto attest to the truth or validity of something. CON-
`
`con-foremal
`\kan-'for-mal, (,)kan-\ adj [LL conformalis having the
`FIRM implies the removing of doubts by an authoritative statement or
`same shape, fr. L com- + formalis formal, fr. forma] (1893)
`1: leav-
`
`indisputable fact (confirmed the reports). CORROBORATEsuggests the
`ing the size of the angle between corresponding curves unchanged (~
`strengthening of whatis already partly established (witnesses corrobo-
`
`
`Heneuratom 2 of a map : representing small areas in their true
`rated his story). SUBSTANTIATE implies the offering of evidence that
`shape
`sustains the contention <the claims have yet to be substantiated). VER-
`con-for-mance\kon-'for-mon(t)s\ 1 (1606) : CONFORMITY
`
`IFY implies the establishing of correspondenceofactual facts or details
`con-for-ma-tion \,kan-(,)for-'ma-shon, -far-\ n (1511) 1: theact of
`
`with those proposed or guessedat all statements offact in the article
`conforming or producing conformity : ADAPTATION 2: formation 0
`
`have been verified), AUTHENTICATE implies establishing genuineness by
`something by appropriate arrangement of parts or elements : an a
`adducing legal or official documents or expert opinion (handwriting
`sembling into a whole <the gradual ~ of the embryo)
`3 a: corfe
`
`experts authenticated the diaries). VALIDATE implies establishing valid-
`spondenceesp. to a model or plan b: STRUCTURE c: the shape of
`
`ity by authoritative affirmation or by factual proof validated the hy-
`proportionate dimensions esp. of an animal d_:any of the spatial
`
`
`pothesis by experiments).
`arrangements of a molecule that can be obtained by rotation ofthe
`con-firemand\,kan-for-'mand\ n [L confirmandus, gerundive of confir-
`he about a single bond — con-for-ma-tion-al \-shnal, -she-1
`adj
`(
`mare] (1884) : a candidatefor religious confirmation
`
`con-firema-tion \,kan-far-'ma-shon\ n (14c) 1: an act or process of
`con-for-mi-ty \ken-'for-mo-té\ n, pl -ties (15c) 1: correspondence!"
`
`confirming: as
`a
`(1): a Christian rite conferring the gift of the Holy
`form, manner, or character : AGREEMENT “behaved in ~ with her be:
`
`Spirit and among Protestants full church membership
`(2) : a cere-
`liefs) 2: an act or instance of conforming 3: action in accordanc
`
`mony esp. of Reform Judaism confirming youthsin their faith b: the
`with somespecified standard or authority <~ to social custom)
`ratification of an executive act by a legislative body 2 a: confirming
`con-found \kan-'faind, kin-\ vt [ME, fr. MF confondre, fr. L conful
`
`proof : CORROBORATION b: the process of supporting a statement by
`
`dere to pour together, confuse, fr. com- + fundere to pour — more
`
`evidence—con-firema-tioneal \-shnol, -sha-n°l\ adj
`FOUND] (14c)
`1
`a archaic : to bring to ruin : DESTROY b : BAFFLE
`con-firema-toery \kon-'far-mo-,tor-é, -,tor-\ adj (1636)
`: serving to
`FRUSTRATE (conferences .
`.
`. are not for accomplishment but to ~ knav’
`confirm : CORROBORATIVE
`
`ish tricks —J. K. Galbraith)
`2 obs: CONSUME, WASTE 3 a: to putt
`con-firmed \kan-‘farmd\ adj (14c)_
`1 a: marked by long continu-
`
`shame : DISCOMFIT (a performance that ~edthecritics) b: REF ‘i
`ance andlikely to persist (a ~ habit) b: fixed in habit and unlikely to
`
`<sought to ~ his arguments) 4: DAMN 5: to throw (a person) int
`change <a ~ do-gooder) 2: having received the rite of confirmation
`
`confusion or perplexity
`6 a: to fail to discern differences betwee?
`syn see INVETERATE — conefirm-edely \-'far-mod-lé\ adv — con-
`
`: mix up
`Db: to increase the confusion of
`sym see PUZZLE — COM
`firmedeness\-'far-mad-nas,-'farm(d)-nas\ n
`
`found-er \-'fatn-dar\ n — con-foundeing-ly \-din-lé\ adv
`,
`con-fis-ca-ble \kon-'fis-ka-bal\ adj (ca. 1736) :
`liable to confiscation
`con-found-ed \kan-'fatn-dod,(,)kan-',
`"kan-.\ adj (14c) 1: CONFUSE?
`con-fis-cat-able \'kan-fo-,ska-ta-bal\ adj (1863) : CONFISCABLE
`
`PERPLEXED 2: DAMNED— con-found-ed-ly adv
`ye
`icon-fisecate \'kan-fo-,skat, kon-'fis-kat\ adj [L confiscatus, pp. of con-
`con-fra-ter-ni-ty \,kan-fro-'tar-no-té\ n [ME confraternite, fr. MF et
`fiscare to confiscate, fr. com- + fiscus treasury] (ca. 1533) 1: appro-
`fraternité, fr. ML confraternitat-, confraternitas,
`fr. confrater fellov
`
`a COMpoyite :
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`IPR2022-01308
`IPR2022-01308
`Exhibit 2012
`Exhibit 2012
`Page 3 of 3
`Page 3 of 3
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