3/1/22, 9:54 AM
`
`Thermal Properties of Metals, Conductivity, Thermal Expansion, Specific Heat | Engineers Edge
`
`Membership Services
`
`Search
`
`Thermal Properties of Metals, Conductivity, Thermal Expansion, Specific Heat
`Heat Transfer Engineering and Design
`Engineering Metals and Materials
`Thermal Conductivity, Heat Transfer Review
`Metals in general have high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, and high density. Typically they are malleable and ductile,
`deforming under stress without cleaving. In terms of optical properties, metals are shiny and lustrous. Sheets of metal beyond a few
`micrometres in thickness appear opaque, but gold leaf transmits green light.
`Although most metals have higher densities than most nonmetals, there is wide variation in their densities, Lithium being the least dense
`solid element and osmium the densest. The alkali and alkaline earth metals in groups I A and II A are referred to as the light metals
`because they have low density, low hardness, and low melting points. The high density of most metals is due to the tightly packed crystal
`lattice of the metallic structure. The strength of metallic bonds for different metals reaches a maximum around the center of the
`transition metal series, as those elements have large amounts of delocalized electrons in tight binding type metallic bonds. However,
`other factors (such as atomic radius, nuclear charge, number of bonds orbitals, overlap of orbital energies and crystal form) are involved
`as well.
`
`Material
`
`Thermal Conductivity
`
`See conversion formulae at bottom:
`Melting Point (F)
`Latent Heat of Fusion (Btu/lb)
`Specific Heat
`Density (lbs/in3)
`
`Thermal Expansion (in/in/F x 10-6)
`
`Btu / (hr-ft-F)
`
`(Btu/lb/F)
`
`Aluminum
`
`Antimony
`
`Brass (Yellow)
`
`Cadmium
`
`Copper
`
`Gold
`
`Incoloy 800
`
`Inconel 600
`
`Iron, Cast
`
`136
`
`120
`
`69.33
`
`-
`
`231
`
`183
`
`-
`
`-
`
`46.33
`
`0.098
`
`-
`
`0.306
`
`-
`
`0.322
`
`0.698
`
`0.29
`
`0.304
`
`0.26
`
`0.24
`
`-
`
`0.096
`
`-
`
`0.095
`
`0.032
`
`0.13
`
`0.126
`
`0.12
`
`1220
`
`-
`
`1724
`
`-
`
`1976
`
`1945
`
`2500
`
`2500
`
`2150
`
`621
`
`169
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`91.1
`
`29
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`11.3
`
`13.1
`
`-
`
`11.2
`
`-
`
`9.8
`
`7.9
`
`7.9
`
`5.8
`
`6
`
`16.4
`
`Lead, solid
`
`Lead, Liquid
`
`Magnesium
`
`Molybdenum
`
`Monel 400
`
`Nickel
`
`Nichrome (80% NI-20% Cr)
`
`Platinum
`
`Silver
`
`Solder (50% Pb-50% Sn)
`
`20.39
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`52.4
`
`-
`
`41.36
`
`247.87
`
`-
`
`Steel, mild
`
`26.0 - 37.5
`
`0.41
`
`0.387
`
`0.063
`
`0.369
`
`0.319
`
`0.321
`
`0.302
`
`0.775
`
`0.379
`
`0.323
`
`0.284
`
`0.032
`
`0.037
`
`0.27
`
`0.071
`
`0.11
`
`0.12
`
`0.11
`
`0.035
`
`0.057
`
`0.051
`
`0.122
`
`-
`
`1202
`
`4750
`
`2400
`
`2642
`
`2550
`
`3225
`
`1760
`
`361
`
`2570
`
`-
`
`160
`
`126
`
`-
`
`133
`
`-
`
`49
`
`38
`
`17
`
`-
`
`-
`
`14
`
`2.9
`
`6.4
`
`5.8
`
`7.3
`
`4.9
`
`10.8
`
`13.1
`
`6.7
`
`https://www.engineersedge.com/properties_of_metals.htm
`
`1/5
`
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`
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`Thermal Properties of Metals, Conductivity, Thermal Expansion, Specific Heat | Engineers Edge
`
`Membership Services
`
`Search
`
`Thermal Properties of Metals, Conductivity, Thermal Expansion, Specific Heat
`Heat Transfer Engineering and Design
`Engineering Metals and Materials
`Thermal Conductivity, Heat Transfer Review
`Metals in general have high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, and high density. Typically they are malleable and ductile,
`deforming under stress without cleaving. In terms of optical properties, metals are shiny and lustrous. Sheets of metal beyond a few
`micrometres in thickness appear opaque, but gold leaf transmits green light.
`Although most metals have higher densities than most nonmetals, there is wide variation in their densities, Lithium being the least dense
`solid element and osmium the densest. The alkali and alkaline earth metals in groups I A and II A are referred to as the light metals
`because they have low density, low hardness, and low melting points. The high density of most metals is due to the tightly packed crystal
`lattice of the metallic structure. The strength of metallic bonds for different metals reaches a maximum around the center of the
`transition metal series, as those elements have large amounts of delocalized electrons in tight binding type metallic bonds. However,
`other factors (such as atomic radius, nuclear charge, number of bonds orbitals, overlap of orbital energies and crystal form) are involved
`as well.
`
`Material
`
`Thermal Conductivity
`
`See conversion formulae at bottom:
`Melting Point (F)
`Latent Heat of Fusion (Btu/lb)
`Specific Heat
`Density (lbs/in3)
`
`Thermal Expansion (in/in/F x 10-6)
`
`Btu / (hr-ft-F)
`
`(Btu/lb/F)
`
`Aluminum
`
`Antimony
`
`Brass (Yellow)
`
`Cadmium
`
`Copper
`
`Gold
`
`Incoloy 800
`
`Inconel 600
`
`Iron, Cast
`
`136
`
`120
`
`69.33
`
`-
`
`231
`
`183
`
`-
`
`-
`
`46.33
`
`0.098
`
`-
`
`0.306
`
`-
`
`0.322
`
`0.698
`
`0.29
`
`0.304
`
`0.26
`
`0.24
`
`-
`
`0.096
`
`-
`
`0.095
`
`0.032
`
`0.13
`
`0.126
`
`0.12
`
`1220
`
`-
`
`1724
`
`-
`
`1976
`
`1945
`
`2500
`
`2500
`
`2150
`
`621
`
`169
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`91.1
`
`29
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`11.3
`
`13.1
`
`-
`
`11.2
`
`-
`
`9.8
`
`7.9
`
`7.9
`
`5.8
`
`6
`
`16.4
`
`Lead, solid
`
`Lead, Liquid
`
`Magnesium
`
`Molybdenum
`
`Monel 400
`
`Nickel
`
`Nichrome (80% NI-20% Cr)
`
`Platinum
`
`Silver
`
`Solder (50% Pb-50% Sn)
`
`20.39
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`52.4
`
`-
`
`41.36
`
`247.87
`
`-
`
`Steel, mild
`
`26.0 - 37.5
`
`0.41
`
`0.387
`
`0.063
`
`0.369
`
`0.319
`
`0.321
`
`0.302
`
`0.775
`
`0.379
`
`0.323
`
`0.284
`
`0.032
`
`0.037
`
`0.27
`
`0.071
`
`0.11
`
`0.12
`
`0.11
`
`0.035
`
`0.057
`
`0.051
`
`0.122
`
`-
`
`1202
`
`4750
`
`2400
`
`2642
`
`2550
`
`3225
`
`1760
`
`361
`
`2570
`
`-
`
`160
`
`126
`
`-
`
`133
`
`-
`
`49
`
`38
`
`17
`
`-
`
`-
`
`14
`
`2.9
`
`6.4
`
`5.8
`
`7.3
`
`4.9
`
`10.8
`
`13.1
`
`6.7
`
`https://www.engineersedge.com/properties_of_metals.htm
`
`1/5
`
`CX-0845
`
`Page 1 of 5
`
`MASIMO 2060
`Apple v. Masimo
`IPR2022-01300
`
`
`
`3/1/22, 9:54 AM
`
`Thermal Properties of Metals, Conductivity, Thermal Expansion, Specific Heat | Engineers Edge
`
`Steel, Stainless 304
`
`Steel, Stainless 430
`
`Tantalum
`
`Tin, solid
`
`Tin, Liquid
`
`Titanium 99.0%
`
`Tungsten
`
`Type metal (85% Pb-15% Sb)
`
`Zinc
`
`Zirconium
`
`8.09
`
`8.11
`
`-
`
`38.48
`
`-
`
`12.65
`
`100.53
`
`-
`
`67.023
`
`145
`
`0.286
`
`0.275
`
`0.6
`
`0.263
`
`0.253
`
`0.164
`
`0.697
`
`0.387
`
`0.258
`
`0.234
`
`0.120
`
`0.110
`
`0.035
`
`0.065
`
`0.052
`
`0.13
`
`0.04
`
`0.04
`
`0.096
`
`0.067
`
`2550
`
`2650
`
`5425
`
`450
`
`-
`
`3035
`
`6170
`
`500
`
`786
`
`3350
`
`
`
`Metals Thermal Properties
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
`
`26.1
`
`-
`
`-
`
`79
`
`14+-
`
`43.3
`
`108
`
`Material
`
`Aluminum, 2024, Temper-T351
`
`Aluminum, 2024, Temper-T4
`
`Conductivity
`
`W/m-C
`
`143.0
`
`121.0
`
`Density
`
`kg/m3
`
`2.8 x 103
`
`2.8 x 103
`
`9.6
`
`6
`
`3.6
`
`13
`
`-
`
`4.7
`
`2.5
`
`-
`
`22.1
`
`3.2
`
`Specific Heat
`
`J/kg-°C
`
`795.0
`
`795.0
`
`963.0
`
`Aluminum, 5052, Temper-H32
`
`Aluminum, 5052, Temper-O
`
`Aluminum, 6061, Temper-O
`
`Aluminum, 6061, Temper-T4
`
`Aluminum, 6061, Temper-T6
`
`Aluminum, 7075, Temper-T6
`
`Aluminum, A356, Temper-T6
`
`Aluminum, Pure
`
`Beryllium, Pure
`
`Brass, Red, 85%Cu-15%Zn
`
`Brass, Yellow, 65%Cu-35%Zn
`
`Copper, Alloy, 11000
`
`Copper, Aluminum bronze, 95%Cu-5%Al
`
`Copper, Brass, 70%Cu-30%Zn
`
`Copper, Bronze, 75%Cu-25%Sn
`
`Copper, Constantan, 60%Cu-40%Ni
`
`Copper, Drawn Wire
`
`Copper, German silver, 62%Cu-15%Ni-22%Zn
`
`Copper, Pure
`
`Copper, Red brass, 85%Cu-9%Sn-6%Zn
`
`Gold, Pure
`
`Invar, 64%Fe-35%Ni
`
`138.0
`
`144.0
`
`180.0
`
`154.0
`
`167.0
`
`130.0
`
`128.0
`
`220.0
`
`175.0
`
`151.0
`
`119.0
`
`388.0
`
`83.0
`
`111.0
`
`26.0
`
`22.7
`
`287.0
`
`24.9
`
`386.0
`
`61.0
`
`318.0
`
`13.8
`
`2.68 x 103
`
`2.69 x 103
`
`2.71 x 103
`
`2.71 x 103
`
`2.71 x 103
`
`2.8 x 103
`
`2.76 x 103
`
`2.707 x 103
`
`1.85 x 103
`
`8.8 x 103
`
`8.8 x 103
`
`8.933 x 103
`
`8.666 x 103
`
`8.522 x 103
`
`8.666 x 103
`
`8.922 x 103
`
`8.8 x 103
`
`8.618 x 103
`
`8.954 x 103
`
`8.714 x 103
`
`18.9 x 103
`
`8.13 x 103
`
`963.0
`
`1.256 x 103
`
`1.256 x 103
`
`1.256 x 103
`
`1.047 x 103
`
`900.0
`
`896.0
`
`1.885 x 103
`
`380.0
`
`380.0
`
`385.0
`
`410.0
`
`385.0
`
`343.0
`
`410.0
`
`376.0
`
`394.0
`
`380.0
`
`385.0
`
`130.0
`
`480.0
`
`https://www.engineersedge.com/properties_of_metals.htm
`
`2/5
`
`CX-0845
`
`Page 2 of 5
`
`MASIMO 2060
`Apple v. Masimo
`IPR2022-01300
`
`
`
`3/1/22, 9:54 AM
`
`Thermal Properties of Metals, Conductivity, Thermal Expansion, Specific Heat | Engineers Edge
`
`Iron, Cast
`
`Iron, Pure
`
`Iron, Wrought, 0.5%C
`
`Kovar, 54%Fe-29%Ni-17%Co
`
`Lead, Pure
`
`Magnesium, Mg-Al, Electrolytic, 8%Al-2%Zn
`
`Magnesium, Pure
`
`Molybdenum
`
`Nichrome, 80%Ni-20%Cr
`
`Nickel, Ni-Cr, 80%Ni-20%Cr
`
`Nickel, Ni-Cr, 90%Ni-10%Cr
`
`Nickel, Pure
`
`Silver, Pure
`
`Solder, Hard, 80%Au-20%Sn
`
`Solder, Hard, 88%Au-12%Ge
`
`Solder, Hard, 95%Au-3%Si
`
`Solder, Soft, 60%Sn-40%Pb
`
`Solder, Soft, 63%Sn-37%Pb
`
`Solder, Soft, 92.5%Pb-2.5%Ag-5%In
`
`55.0
`
`71.8
`
`59.0
`
`16.3
`
`35.0
`
`66.0
`
`171.0
`
`130.0
`
`12.0
`
`12.6
`
`17.0
`
`99.0
`
`418.0
`
`57.0
`
`88.0
`
`94.0
`
`50.0
`
`51.0
`
`39.0
`
`7.92 x 103
`
`7.897 x 103
`
`7.849 x 103
`
`8.36 x 103
`
`11.373 x 103
`
`1.81 x 103
`
`1.746 x 103
`
`10.22 x 103
`
`8.4 x 103
`
`8.314 x 103
`
`8.666 x 103
`
`8.906 x 103
`
`10.51 x 103
`
`15.0 x 103
`
`15.0 x 103
`
`15.7 x 103
`
`9.29 x 103
`
`9.25 x 103
`
`12.0 x 103
`
`456.0
`
`452.0
`
`460.0
`
`432.0
`
`130.0
`
`1.0 x 103
`
`1.013 x 103
`
`251.0
`
`420.0
`
`444.0
`
`444.0
`
`445.9
`
`230.0
`
`15.0
`
`No Data
`
`147.0
`
`180.0
`
`180.0
`
`No Data
`
`Solder, Soft, 95%Pb-5%Sn
`
`Steel, Carbon, 0.5%C
`
`Steel, Carbon, 1.0%C
`
`Steel, Carbon, 1.5%C
`
`Steel, Chrome, Cr0%
`
`Steel, Chrome, Cr1%
`
`Steel, Chrome, Cr20%
`
`Steel, Chrome, Cr5%
`
`Steel, Chrome-Nickel, 18%Cr-8%Ni
`
`Steel, Invar, 36%Ni
`
`Steel, Nickel, Ni0%
`
`Steel, Nickel, Ni20%
`
`Steel, Nickel, Ni40%
`
`Steel, Nickel, Ni80%
`
`Steel, SAE 1010
`
`Steel, SAE 1010, Sheet
`
`Steel, Stainless, 316
`
`Steel, Tungsten, W0%
`
`Steel, Tungsten, W1%
`
`32.3
`
`54.0
`
`43.0
`
`36.0
`
`73.0
`
`61.0
`
`22.0
`
`40.0
`
`16.3
`
`10.7
`
`73.0
`
`19.0
`
`10.0
`
`35.0
`
`59.0
`
`63.9
`
`16.26
`
`73.0
`
`66.0
`
`11.0 x 103
`
`7.833 x 103
`
`7.801 x 103
`
`7.753 x 103
`
`7.897 x 103
`
`7.865 x 103
`
`7.689 x 103
`
`7.833 x 103
`
`7.817 x 103
`
`8.137 x 103
`
`7.897 x 103
`
`7.933 x 103
`
`8.169 x 103
`
`8.618 x 103
`
`7.832 x 103
`
`7.832 x 103
`
`8.0272 x 103
`
`7.897 x 103
`
`7.913 x 103
`
`134.0
`
`465.0
`
`473.0
`
`486.0
`
`452.0
`
`460.0
`
`460.0
`
`460.0
`
`460.0
`
`460.0
`
`452.0
`
`460.0
`
`460.0
`
`460.0
`
`434.0
`
`434.0
`
`502.1
`
`452.0
`
`448.0
`
`https://www.engineersedge.com/properties_of_metals.htm
`
`3/5
`
`CX-0845
`
`Page 3 of 5
`
`MASIMO 2060
`Apple v. Masimo
`IPR2022-01300
`
`
`
`3/1/22, 9:54 AM
`
`Thermal Properties of Metals, Conductivity, Thermal Expansion, Specific Heat | Engineers Edge
`
`Steel, Tungsten, W10%
`
`Steel, Tungsten, W5%
`
`Tin, Cast, Hammered
`
`Tin, Pure
`
`Titanium
`
`Tungsten
`
`Zinc, Pure
`
`48.0
`
`54.0
`
`62.5
`
`64.0
`
`15.6
`
`180.0
`
`112.2
`
`8.314 x 103
`
`8.073 x 103
`
`7.352 x 103
`
`7.304 x 103
`
`4.51 x 103
`
`19.35 x 103
`
`7.144 x 103
`
`419.0
`
`435.0
`
`226.0
`
`226.5
`
`544.0
`
`134.4
`
`384.3
`
`Thermal Conductivity Conversions:
`1 cal/cm2/cm/sec/°C = 10.63 watts/in - °C
`
`117 BTU/(hr-ft F) x (.293 watt-hr/BTU) x (1.8F/C) x (ft/12 in.) = 5.14 watts/in - °C
`or
`117 Btu / (hr-ft-F) x .04395 watt-hr-F-ft/(Btu=°C - in) = 5.14 watts/in-°C
`See our Material Manufacturing Definitions & Conversion pages for more information!
`Thermal Properties of Nonmetals
`
`Link to this Webpage:
`Engineers Edge:
`https://www.engineersedge.com/properties_of_metals.htm
`Copy Text to clipboard
`
`Click for Suggested Citation
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`MASIMO 2060
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`Thermal Properties of Metals, Conductivity, Thermal Expansion, Specific Heat | Engineers Edge
`
`Unit Converter
`
`Conversion Property
`Acceleration
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`▼
`
` 0
`
`Meter/sq.sec (m/sec^2)
`Convert To ↓
`
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`https://www.engineersedge.com/properties_of_metals.htm
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`CX-0845
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`Page 5 of 5
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`MASIMO 2060
`Apple v. Masimo
`IPR2022-01300
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