IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`
`Raman K. Rao, et al.
`In re Patent of:
`9,019,946 Attorney Docket No.: 39843-0126IP1
`U.S. Patent No.:
`April 28, 2015
`
`Issue Date:
`Appl. Serial No.: 14/480,584
`
`Filing Date:
`September 8, 2014
`
`Title:
`WIRELESS AND CELLULAR VOICE AND DATA
`TRANSMISSION WITH MULTIPLE PATHS OF
`COMMUNICATION
`
`
`
`Mail Stop Patent Board
`Patent Trial and Appeal Board
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
`P.O. Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW OF UNITED STATES PATENT
`NO. 9,019,946 PURSUANT TO 35 U.S.C. §§ 311–319, 37 C.F.R. § 42
`
`
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`I. 
`
`II. 
`
`REQUIREMENTS FOR IPR .......................................................................... 1 
`A.  Grounds for Standing ................................................................................ 1 
`B.  Challenge and Relief Requested ............................................................... 1 
`C.  Claim Construction ................................................................................... 2 
`D.  Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art ............................................................. 3 
`SUMMARY OF THE ’946 PATENT ............................................................. 3 
`A.  Brief Description ....................................................................................... 3 
`B.  Prosecution History ................................................................................... 4 
`III.  THE CHALLENGED CLAIMS ARE UNPATENTABLE ............................ 5 
`A.  Yegoshin in view of Billström and Johnston (Ground 1A – Claims 14-
`15) 5 
`1.  Overview of Yegoshin .................................................................... 5 
`2.  Overview of Johnston ...................................................................... 7 
`3.  Overview of Billström ..................................................................... 7 
`4.  Analysis ........................................................................................... 8 
`B.  Yegoshin in view of Johnston, Billström, and Bernard (Ground 1B –
`Claims 1-11 and 16-21) .......................................................................... 28 
`1.  Overview of Bernard ..................................................................... 28 
`2.  Analysis ......................................................................................... 30 
`C.  Yegoshin in view of Johnston, Billström, Bernard, and WO748 (Ground
`1C – Claim 12) ........................................................................................ 60 
`1.  Overview of WO748 ..................................................................... 60 
`2.  Analysis ......................................................................................... 61 
`D.  Yegoshin in view of Johnston, Billström, Bernard, and Sainton (Ground
`1D – Claims 13 and 26) .......................................................................... 66 
`1.  Overview of Sainton ...................................................................... 66 
`2.  Analysis ......................................................................................... 67 
`E.  Yegoshin in view of Johnston, Billström, Bernard, and Preiss (Ground
`1E – Claims 27-30) ................................................................................. 73 
`1.  Overview of Preiss ........................................................................ 73 
`2.  Analysis ......................................................................................... 74 
`IV.  DISCRETIONARY CONSIDERATIONS ................................................... 84 
`V. 
`FEES .............................................................................................................. 85 
`VI.  MANDATORY NOTICES UNDER 37 C.F.R § 42.8(a)(1) ......................... 86 
`A.  Real Party-In-Interest Under 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1) .............................. 86 
`B.  Related Matters Under 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2) ....................................... 86 
`
`i
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`C.  Lead And Back-Up Counsel Under 37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(3) ................... 87 
`D.  Service Information ................................................................................ 88 
`
`
`
`
`
`
`ii
`
`

`

`
`
`EX-1001
`
`EX-1002
`
`EX-1003
`
`EX-1004
`
`EX-1005
`
`EX-1006
`
`EX-1007
`
`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`
`EXHIBITS
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946 to Raman K Rao, et al. (“the ’946
`patent”)
`
`Excerpts from the Prosecution History of the ’946 Patent (“the
`Prosecution History”)
`
`Declaration of Dr. Michael Allen Jensen
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,711,146 to Leonid A. Yegoshin (“Yegoshin”)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,784,032 to Ronald H. Johnston, et al.
`(“Johnston”)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,590,133 to Lars Billström, et al. (“Billström”)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,497,339 to Marc A. Bernard (“Bernard”)
`
`EX-1008
`
`International Patent Publication No. WO 98/27748 (“WO748”)
`
`EX-1009
`
`EX-1010
`
`EX-1011
`
`EX-1012
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,854,985 to Joseph B. Sainton, et al.
`(“Sainton”)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,031,503 to Joseph A. Preiss, II, et al.
`(“Preiss”)
`
`Larry L. Peterson and Bruce S. Davie, Computer Networks: A
`Systems Approach, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., San
`Francisco, CA, 1996
`
`Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Computer Networks, Third Edition,
`Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996
`
`iii
`
`

`

`EX-1013
`
`EX-1014
`
`EX-1015
`
`EX-1016
`
`EX-1017
`
`EX-1018
`
`EX-1019
`
`EX-1020
`
`EX-1021
`
`EX-1022
`
`EX-1023
`
`EX-1024
`
`EX-1025
`
`EX-1026
`
`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Merilee Ford, H. Kim Lew, Steve Spanier, and Tim Stevenson,
`Internetworking Technologies Handbook, New Riders
`Publishing, Indianapolis, IN, 1997
`
`William Stallings, Data and Computer Communications, 5th
`Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996
`
`Dictionary Definition of “time division multiplex” (Newton’s
`Telecom Dictionary, 1998)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,115,615 to Takeshi Ota, et al.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,366,622 Stephen Joseph Brown
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,560,443 to Ari Vaisanen, et al.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,680,633 to Steven E. Koenck, et al.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,047,322 to Aseem Vaid, et al.
`
`Excerpts from Theodore S. Rappaport, Wireless
`Communications Principles & Practice, Prentice Hall, 1996
`
`R. G. Vaughan, et al., Antenna diversity in mobile
`communications, in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular
`Technology, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 149-172, Nov. 1987
`
`S. M. Alamouti, A simple transmit diversity technique for
`wireless communications, in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
`Communications, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1451-1458, Oct. 1998
`
`Excerpts from Douglas E. Comer, Internetworking with TCP/IP
`Volume One, Third Edition, 1995
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,768,691 to Jorma Matero, et al.
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,960,344 to Ronald L. Mahany
`
`iv
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`European Patent Application 0 660 626 A2 to John Daniel
`Byrne
`
`Excerpts from William C. Jakes, Microwave Mobile
`Communications, IEEE Press, 1974
`
`[RESERVED]
`
`Yi-Bing Lin, Cellular digital packet data, in IEEE Potentials,
`vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 11-13, Aug.-Sept. 1997
`
`A. K. Salkintzis, Packet data over cellular networks: the CDPD
`approach, in IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 37, no. 6,
`pp. 152-159, June 1999
`
`C. E. Perkins et al., A mobile networking system based on
`Internet protocol, in IEEE Personal Communications, vol. 1, no.
`1, pp. 32-41, 1st Qtr. 1994
`
`K. C. Budka, H. Jiang and S. E. Sommars, Cellular digital
`packet data networks, in Bell Labs Technical Journal, vol. 2,
`no. 3, pp. 164-181, Summer 1997
`
`[RESERVED]
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,353,443 to Zhinong Ying
`
`U.S. Patent No. 5,790,176 to Bernard Jeff Craig
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,230,194 to Jean-Marc Frailong et al.
`
`EX-1027
`
`EX-1028
`
`EX-1029
`
`EX-1030
`
`EX-1031
`
`EX-1032
`
`EX-1033
`
`EX-1034
`
`EX-1035
`
`EX-1036
`
`EX-1037
`
`EX-1038
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,600,734 to Alex Gernert, et al.
`
`EX-1039
`
`Jon D. Brady, Virtual Private Networking – The Flexible
`Approach, Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1997
`
`EX-1040
`
`U.S. Patent No. 6,055,575 to Gaige B. Paulsen, et al.
`
`v
`
`

`

`EX-1041
`
`EX-1042
`
`EX-1043
`
`EX-1044
`
`EX-1045
`
`EX-1046
`
`EX-1047
`
`EX-1048
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Complaint, Smart Mobile Technologies LLC v. Samsung
`Electronics Co. Ltd. et al., Case No. 6:21-cv-00701 (WDTX)
`
`Joint Agreed Scheduling Order, Smart Mobile Technologies
`LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. et al., Case No. 6:21-cv-
`00701 (WDTX)
`
`Complaint, Smart Mobile Technologies LLC v. Apple Inc., Case
`No. 6:21-cv-00603 (WDTX)
`
`Joint Agreed Scheduling Order, Smart Mobile Technologies
`LLC v. Apple Inc., Case No. 6:21-cv-00603 (WDTX)
`
`U.S. Patent No. 4,989,230 to Steven F. Gillig, et al.
`
`Amended Joint Agreed Scheduling Order, Smart Mobile
`Technologies LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. et al., Case
`No. 6:21-cv-00701 (WDTX)
`
`Amended Joint Agreed Scheduling Order, Smart Mobile
`Technologies LLC v. Apple Inc., Case No. 6:21-cv-00603
`(WDTX)
`
`Excerpts from Constantine A. Balanis, Antenna Theory
`Analysis and Design, Harper & Row, 1982
`
`
`
`vi
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`CLAIM LISTING
`
`Claim Language
`An Internet-enabled mobile communication device
`
`Claim Element
`1[pre]
`
`1[a]
`
`1[b]
`
`1[c]
`
`1[d]
`
`comprising:
`
`a memory;
`
`at least two or more antennas;
`
`at least one or more processors; and
`
`a plurality of wireless transmit and receive units including a
`
`first wireless transmit and receive unit and a second wireless
`
`transmit and receive unit, wherein each wireless transmit
`
`receive unit is configured to communicate using one or more
`
`protocols;
`
`1[e]
`
`wherein the device is configured for multi-band wireless
`
`communication;
`
`1[f]
`
`wherein the device is enabled for communication using
`
`Internet Protocol (IP);
`
`1[g]
`
`wherein the device is enabled for wireless communication on a
`
`local area network;
`
`1[h]
`
`wherein the first wireless transmit and receive unit is
`
`configured to communicate using a plurality of antennas; and
`
`vii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`wherein a first interface for transmission is created and
`
`Claim Element
`1[i]
`
`wherein said first interface for transmission uses a plurality of
`
`interfaces for Internet Protocol communication on the mobile
`
`device which utilize the plurality of wireless transmit and
`
`receive units on the mobile device to enable a single interface
`
`comprised of multiplexed signals from the plurality of wireless
`
`transmit and receive units; and
`
`1[j]
`
`wherein data transferred by the plurality of transmit and
`
`receive units is improved by the simultaneous use of multiple
`
`communication paths including at least one connection to a
`
`networked server; and
`
`1[k]
`
`wherein at least one communication path is used for wireless
`
`signals representing voice data and at least one communication
`
`path is used for wireless signals representing non-voice data.
`
`2
`
`The device of claim 1, wherein a single transmission
`
`connection is further comprised of at least two or more
`
`wireless transmit and receive connections simultaneously
`
`transmitting and receiving using the plurality of antennas, and
`
`viii
`
`

`

`Claim Element
`
`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`wherein the processor multiplexes the receiving signals into
`
`the single transmission connection.
`
`3
`
`The device of claim 1, wherein a single transmission
`
`connection is further comprised of at least two or more
`
`wireless transmit and receive connections sequentially
`
`transmitting and receiving using the plurality of antennas, and
`
`wherein the processor multiplexes the receiving signals into
`
`the single transmission connection.
`
`4
`
`The device of claim 1, wherein the device is configured to
`
`communicate with at least one server, wherein the rate at
`
`which data is transferred between the device and the server is
`
`improved by parallel paths and wherein data transmitted and
`
`received is multiplexed at each end.
`
`5
`
`The device of claim 2 wherein the mobile device transmits and
`
`receives multiple IP data packets and uses protocols including
`
`ethernet protocol, USB protocol, internet protocol,
`
`transmission control protocol, wifi, VPN, transport layer
`
`communication protocols, or application interfaces.
`
`ix
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`The device of claim 1, wherein the first wireless transmit and
`
`Claim Element
`6
`
`receive unit is configured to communicate over Internet
`
`Protocol with a remote system over a first network path and
`
`the second wireless transmit and receive unit is configured to
`
`communicate with the same or different remote system using a
`
`second network path and wherein the processor on the mobile
`
`device is configured to combine the data paths into a single
`
`transmission interface to one or more applications on the
`
`mobile device.
`
`The device of claim 6, wherein the device is comprised of a
`
`cellular telephone.
`
`The device of claim 7, wherein the device is configured to use
`
`a Virtual Private Network (VPN).
`
`The device of claim 8, wherein the use of two or more wireless
`
`transmit and receive units create connections to a plurality of
`
`remote systems simultaneously and transmit and receive data
`
`in a parallel path to increase the rate at which data is
`
`transferred.
`
`7
`
`8
`
`9
`
`x
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`The device of claim 9, wherein multiple wireless transmit and
`
`Claim Element
`10
`
`receive units are presented to the application as a single
`
`connection interface such that the multiple transmission
`
`interfaces are virtualized into a single transmission interface.
`
`11
`
`The device of claim 1, wherein an application executed by the
`
`processor on the mobile device is configured to use a single
`
`transport connect interface comprised of two or more wireless
`
`connections.
`
`12
`
`The device of claim 1, further in communication with a
`
`network box, which is configured with a plurality of antennas
`
`and a wireless transmit and receive unit, wherein the network
`
`switch box wireless transmit and receive unit is configured to
`
`communicate a signal stream using the network switch box
`
`plurality of antennas simultaneously.
`
`13
`
`The device of claim 1, further comprising of a processor for
`
`voice communication and a second processor for data
`
`communication.
`
`14[pre]
`
`An Internet-enabled mobile communication device
`
`comprising:
`
`xi
`
`

`

`Claim Element
`14[a]
`
`14[b]
`
`14[c]
`
`14[d]
`
`14[e]
`
`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`
`a memory;
`
`a display;
`
`at least two or more antennas;
`
`at least one or more processors; and
`
`a plurality of wireless transmit and receive units including a
`
`first wireless transmit and receive unit and a second wireless
`
`transmit and receive unit, wherein each wireless transmit
`
`receive unit is configured to communicate using one or more
`
`protocols;
`
`14[f]
`
`wherein the device is enabled for communication using
`
`Internet Protocol (IP);
`
`14[g]
`
`wherein the device is enabled for wireless communication on a
`
`wireless local area network;
`
`14[h]
`
`wherein the first wireless transmit and receive unit is enabled
`
`to communicate using one or more antennas simultaneously;
`
`and
`
`14[i]
`
`wherein the mobile device maintains multiple IP addresses,
`
`wherein the first wireless unit is accessible on a first IP
`
`address and the second wireless transmit and receive unit is
`
`xii
`
`

`

`Claim Element
`
`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`accessible on a second IP address and wherein the mobile
`
`device operates using a plurality of ports; and
`
`14[j]
`
`wherein data transferred by the plurality of transmit and
`
`receive units is improved by the simultaneous use of multiple
`
`network paths including at least one connection to a networked
`
`server; and
`
`14[k]
`
`wherein the device is enabled for communication of wireless
`
`signals representing voice data and for communication of
`
`wireless signals representing non-voice data.
`
`15
`
`The device of claim 14, further in communication with a
`
`server, wherein the mobile device is configured to receive
`
`multiple IP data packets on a plurality of ports at substantially
`
`the same time and send multiple data packets to the server, to
`
`allow multiple simultaneous communication paths over
`
`connections between the device and the server such that the
`
`communication rate between the server and device is
`
`increased.
`
`16
`
`The device of claim 14, wherein the device is configured for
`
`multiplexing between a plurality of protocols including
`
`xiii
`
`

`

`Claim Element
`
`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`transmission control, CDMA, TDMA, internet protocol (IP)
`
`and/or combinations thereof.
`
`17[pre]
`
`A portable wireless communication device, comprising:
`
`17[a]
`
`17[b]
`
`17[c]
`
`17[d]
`
`a memory;
`
`at least two or more antennas;
`
`at least one or more processors; and
`
`a plurality of wireless transmit and receive unit including a
`
`first wireless transmit and receive unit and a second wireless
`
`transmit and receive unit, wherein each wireless transmit
`
`receive unit is configured to communicate using one or more
`
`protocols;
`
`17[e]
`
`wherein the device is configured for multi-band wireless
`
`communication;
`
`17[f]
`
`wherein the device is enabled for communication using
`
`Internet Protocol (IP);
`
`17[g]
`
`wherein the device is enabled for wireless communication on a
`
`local area network;
`
`17[h]
`
`wherein the first wireless transmit and receive unit is
`
`configured to communicate using a plurality of antennas; and
`
`xiv
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`wherein the first wireless transmit and receive unit is
`
`Claim Element
`17[i]
`
`configured to communicate over Internet Protocol with a
`
`remote system over a first network path and the second
`
`wireless transmit and receive unit is configured to
`
`communicate with the same or a different remote system using
`
`a second network path and wherein the processor on the
`
`device is configured to combine the data paths into a single
`
`transmission interface to one or more applications on the
`
`device; and
`
`17[j]
`
`wherein data transferred by the plurality of transmit and
`
`receive units is improved by the simultaneous use of multiple
`
`network paths including at least one connection to a networked
`
`server; and
`
`17[k]
`
`wherein at least one of the different networks comprises a
`
`voice network and wherein at least one of the different
`
`networks comprises an Internet protocol data network.
`
`18
`
`The communication device of claim 17, wherein each of the
`
`plurality of communication paths employs a different network
`
`including at least one wireless network.
`
`xv
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`The communication device of claim 18, wherein the device is
`
`Claim Element
`19
`
`enabled for audio or video communication on a Internet
`
`protocol data network.
`
`20
`
`The communication device of claim 19, wherein each of the
`
`plurality of communication paths employs a different
`
`communication protocol and wherein each of the plurality of
`
`communication paths involves wireless signals transmitted at a
`
`different frequency.
`
`21
`
`The communication device of claim 20, wherein one of the
`
`plurality of communication paths is used for wireless signals
`
`representing voice data, and another of the plurality of
`
`communication paths is used for wireless signals representing
`
`non-voice data.
`
`26
`
`The communication device of claim 17, wherein the one or
`
`more processors are programmed to process voice data
`
`represented by wireless signals received via one of the
`
`plurality of communication paths, and to process non-voice
`
`data represented by wireless signals received via another of the
`
`plurality of communication paths.
`
`xvi
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`An IP-enabled communication device comprising:
`
`Claim Element
`27[pre]
`
`27[a]
`
`27[b]
`
`27[c]
`
`a memory;
`
`one or more processors;
`
`a plurality of wireless communication units, wherein the
`
`device supports a plurality of transmit and receive frequencies
`
`and a plurality of wireless protocols;
`
`27[d]
`
`wherein a first wireless communication unit is coupled to a
`
`first set of antennas configured to transmit and receive on a
`
`first network and wherein a second wireless communication
`
`unit is coupled to a second set of antennas and configured to
`
`transmit and receive on a second network;
`
`27[e]
`
`wherein the at least one wireless communication unit is
`
`configured for radio frequency communication;
`
`27[f]
`
`wherein the first wireless communication unit is configured to
`
`operate at a lower frequency than the second wireless
`
`communication unit such that the first and second wireless
`
`communication units operate as complementary systems and
`
`reduce interference with each other; and
`
`xvii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`wherein the device is configured for voice and/or data
`
`Claim Element
`27[g]
`
`connectivity and Internet connectivity; and
`
`27[h]
`
`wherein the first wireless transmit and receive unit operates on
`
`the first network path to a remote server and the second
`
`wireless transmit and receive unit communicates to the remote
`
`server on the second network path in response to a change in
`
`the signal strength and/or connectivity of the first wireless
`
`communication unit or second wireless communication unit;
`
`and
`
`27[i]
`
`wherein video or audio can be accessed simultaneously with
`
`performance optimized for each through dedicated or
`
`multiplexed paths.
`
`28
`
`The device of claim 27, further in communication with the
`
`remote server, wherein the mobile device is configured to
`
`receive multiple IP data packets on a plurality of ports at
`
`substantially the same time and send multiple data packets to
`
`the server, to allow multiple simultaneous communication
`
`paths over connections between the device and the server.
`
`xviii
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Claim Language
`The device of claim 27, further in communication with the
`
`Claim Element
`29
`
`remote server, wherein the mobile device is configured to
`
`receive multiple IP data packets on a plurality of ports at
`
`substantially the same time and send multiple data packets to
`
`the server, to allow multiple simultaneous communication
`
`paths over connections between the device and the server.
`
`30
`
`The device of claim 29, wherein the IP enabled
`
`communication device is a mobile device, and wherein the
`
`mobile device is configured as a server and wherein the
`
`mobile device is configured to transmit and receive a signal
`
`stream with a second mobile device.
`
`
`
`
`
`xix
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`
`Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and Apple Inc. (“Petitioner”) petition for
`
`Inter Partes Review (“IPR”) of claims 1-21 and 26-30 (“Challenged Claims”) of
`
`U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946 (“the ’946 patent”).
`
`I.
`
`REQUIREMENTS FOR IPR
`A. Grounds for Standing
`Petitioner certifies that the ’946 Patent is available for IPR. This petition is
`
`being filed within one year of service of a complaint against Petitioner. Petitioner
`
`is not barred or estopped from requesting this review.
`
`B. Challenge and Relief Requested
`Petitioner requests IPR on the grounds below. Additional support is found
`
`in EX-1003, Declaration of Dr. Jensen. EX-1003, ¶¶1-262.
`
`Ground
`1A
`1B
`1C
`1D
`1E
`
`Basis for Rejection
`Claims
`Yegoshin, Johnston, Billström
`14-15
`1-11, 16-21 Yegoshin, Johnston, Billström, Bernard
`12
`Yegoshin, Johnston, Billström, Bernard, WO748
`13, 26
`Yegoshin, Johnston, Billström, Bernard, Sainton
`27-30
`Yegoshin, Johnston, Billström, Bernard, Preiss
`
`These references qualify as prior art based on the earliest claimed priority
`
`date (6/4/1999; “Critical Date”). Petitioner does not concede entitlement to the
`
`claimed priority.
`
`1
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`Notably, none of the references was considered during prosecution. See EX-
`
`1002.
`
`Reference
`Yegoshin
`Johnston
`
`Billström
`Bernard
`WO748
`
`Sainton
`
`Preiss
`
`Date
`02/22/1999 (filing)
`7/21/1998 (published)
`11/1/1995 (filing)
`12/31/1996 (published)
`3/5/1996 (published)
`6/25/1998 (published)
`12/15/1997 (filing)
`12/29/1998 (published)
`9/4/1996 (filing)
`2/20/1997 (filing)
`
`Statutory Ground
`§102(e)
`§102(a), (e)
`
`§102(b)
`§102(b)
`§102(a), (e)
`
`§102(a), (e)
`
`§102(e)
`
`C. Claim Construction
`
`Based on the prior art’s description of the claimed elements being similar to
`
`that of the ’946 patent specification, no formal claim constructions are necessary in
`
`this proceeding because “claim terms need only be construed to the extent
`
`necessary to resolve the controversy.” Wellman, Inc. v. Eastman Chem. Co., 642
`
`F.3d 1355, 1361 (Fed. Cir. 2011).1
`
`
`1 Petitioner is not conceding that each claim satisfies all statutory requirements,
`
`such as §§101 and 112, nor is Petitioner waiving any arguments concerning claim
`
`scope or grounds that can only be raised in district court. For this petition,
`
`2
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`D. Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art
`For purposes of IPR, a person of ordinary skill in the art at the time of
`
`alleged invention (“POSITA”) would have had a Bachelor’s degree in electrical
`
`engineering, computer engineering, computer science, or a related field, and at
`
`least two years of experience related to the design or development of wireless
`
`communication systems, or the equivalent. EX-1003, ¶¶27-28. Additional
`
`graduate education could substitute for professional experience, or significant
`
`experience in the field could substitute for formal education. Id.
`
`II.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE ’946 PATENT
`A. Brief Description
`The ’946 patent relates to “multiple Internet Protocol (IP) based wireless
`
`data transmissions” that “are simultaneously provided between a wireless device
`
`and a server, including providing multiple antennas, multiple T/R units, multiple
`
`processors and multiple I/O ports on the wireless device.” EX-1001, Abstract.
`
`Referring to Figure 10, the ’946 patent describes that the wireless device is
`
`equipped with “three wireless T/R units 1008, 1010, and 1012” that process “three
`
`data streams 1002, 1004, and 1006,” which are then “converted by converters
`
`1014, 1016, and 1018, and presented to processors 1020, 1022, and 1024 under the
`
`
`Petitioner applies prior art in a manner consistent with Patent Owner’s allegations
`
`of infringement before the district court.
`
`3
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`control of controller 1026.” Id., 3:26-27, 7:21-28, 7:48-55, 10:11-21; EX-1003,
`
`¶45.
`
`EX-1001, Figure 10
`
`
`
`B.
`Prosecution History
`The claims were allowed after a single action. EX-1002, 7-95. However,
`
`the claimed features were well-known and, had the examiner been aware of the
`
`prior art advanced in this Petition, the application would not have been allowed.
`
`EX-1003, ¶¶46-47.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`4
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`
`
`
`III. THE CHALLENGED CLAIMS ARE UNPATENTABLE
`A. Yegoshin in view of Billström and Johnston (Ground 1A –
`Claims 14-15)
`1. Overview of Yegoshin2
` Yegoshin relates to “a dual-mode device capable of both cell phone
`
`communication and telephone communication on a local area network (LAN).”
`
`EX-1004, Abstract, 4:59-5:3. Yegoshin’s dual-mode device is a “normal cellular
`
`phone” or “any type of wireless communication device” that “becomes a multi-
`
`purpose device” “through additional circuitry and software” such as “client
`
`software suite 19.” Id., 5:4-54; EX-1003, ¶48.
`
`
`2 General descriptions provided for the references and combinations thereof are
`
`incorporated into each subsection and mapping of the claims that includes citations
`
`to these references.
`
`5
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`
`EX-1004, Figure 2
`
`
`
`Yegoshin’s phone “allow[s] a user to switch modes from cellular to IP
`
`communication, and perhaps to switch from differing types of networks using
`
`known protocols that are made available via client software 19.” EX-1004, 5:33-
`
`54. “Alternatively, the program may be given a series of preferences by the user,
`
`and then may negotiate the best possible connection accordingly.” Id. Yegoshin’s
`
`phone is “capable of taking some calls via cellular path while receiving other calls
`
`via IP path.” Id., 5:55-65. Further, Yegoshin’s phone is capable of “taking all
`
`cellular calls in IP format.” Id., 8:47-56; EX-1003, ¶49.
`
`
`
`
`
`6
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`
`2. Overview of Johnston
`Johnston provides “a compact diversity antenna” for a cellular telephone
`
`offering “reduced radiation into the head and neck of the cellular phone user” in
`
`addition to well-known benefits of antenna diversity. EX-1005, Abstract, 1:10-32,
`
`6:5-67, 7:42-45. Referring to Figure 29B, Johnston’s design includes three
`
`“[a]ntennas 300” connected to transceiver 309 “through feed circuit 302, tuning
`
`and matching circuit 304 and combiner 306 or 307 respectively.” Id., 11:9-23;
`
`EX-1003, ¶50.
`
`EX-1005, Figure 29B (annotated)
`
`
`
`3. Overview of Billström
`Billström’s “mobile stations … provide packet data services in TDMA
`
`(Time Division Multiple Access) cellular systems, based on providing shared
`
`packet data channels optimized for packet data.” EX-1006, Abstract, 3:53-4:22,
`
`7
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`4:59-5:8, Figure 1; EX-1003, ¶¶51. Billström uses Internet Protocol to provide
`
`packet data in digital cellular systems. EX-1006, 7:58-8:21, Figure 2.
`
`
`
`EX-1006, Figure 2 (annotated)
`
`4.
`
`Analysis
`
`Claim 14
`
`14[pre]
`To the extent the preamble is limiting, Yegoshin’s “[c]ellular telephone 9 is
`
`… capable of communicating on an IP [Internet Protocol] data network” and thus
`
`teaches an Internet-enabled mobile communication device. EX-1004, 4:63-5:3,
`
`1:9-14, 1:30-57; EX-1003, ¶59.
`
`
`
`
`
`8
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`
`14[a]
`Yegoshin’s phone includes a “suitable built-in memory” to store “client
`
`software 19.” EX-1004, 5:37-40. Phones or communication devices were well-
`
`known to use memory to store and process data for transmission. EX-1003, ¶60;
`
`EX-1004, 2:1-14.
`
`14[b]
`Referring to Figure 1, Yegoshin’s phone includes a display for presenting
`
`information by graphics and texts. EX-1003, ¶61; EX-1004, 2:1-15. It was well-
`
`known that a phone had a display for that purpose. EX-1003, ¶61; EX-1009,
`
`10:42-65, 12:65-13:19.
`
`EX-1004, Figure 1 (annotated)
`
`
`
`9
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019,946
`
`14[c]
`Referring to Figure 1, Yegoshin’s phone includes one or more antennas for
`
`wireless transmission. EX-1003, ¶62; EX-1004, 1:52-2:15, 6:65-7:14.
`
`
`
`
`
`EX-1004, Figure 1 (annotated)
`
`It would have been obvious to use different antennas in a dual-mode device
`
`(like Yegoshin’s phone) for respective communication channels (e.g., cellular and
`
`WLAN). EX-1003, ¶63. It was known to equip a wireless device with multiple
`
`antennas to accommodate different frequencies and communication requirements.
`
`Id.; EX-1025, Abstract; EX-1026, 10:10-21; EX-1027, 7:11-15.
`
`It would have been predictable and obvious to modify Yegoshin’s phone to
`
`have multiple cellular antennas as taught by Johnston, thereby achieving known
`
`benefits afforded by antenna diversity techniques and additional benefits offered
`
`10
`
`

`

`Attorney Docket No. 39843-0126IP1
`IPR of U.S. Patent No. 9,019